Photovoltaic loss assessment detection system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic loss assessment detection, and particularly relates to a photovoltaic loss assessment detection system, which comprises a surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle, a control terminal, a server and a portable power supply terminal, the portable power supply terminal comprises a power supply body, a loop detection module and a loop feedback module. The surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle obtains visible light image information and infrared light image information of the photovoltaic module through the visible light camera and the near-infrared light camera, the control terminal controls the surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle to alternately fly along side-by-side multi-track shooting routes, and the power source body and the photovoltaic module form a loop and provide forward bias voltage to enable the photovoltaic module to be subjected to electroluminescence. The loop detection module requests the surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle to switch to a reshooting mode to photograph to the control terminal through the surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle according to the opening and closing state of the loop, and after confirmation, the loop feedback module requests second confirmation to the power connection operator; according to the invention, through synchronous detection of the appearance and internal conditions of the photovoltaic module, the accuracy and effectiveness of loss assessment are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic damage assessment and detection, and in particular to a photovoltaic damage assessment and detection system. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic modules are the core components of photovoltaic power generation systems, which can convert solar energy into electrical energy. The outdoor operation time of photovoltaic power generation systems may exceed 25 years, and photovoltaic power stations will face various risks during operation. In recent years, the frequency of extreme climates has increased, especially in coastal areas, which are prone to typhoons and floods. These extreme climates will cause great harm to photovoltaic power stations, causing the aging of photovoltaic panels to accelerate, seriously threatening the long-term stable yield of photovoltaic power stations. In order to cope with the various types of risks faced by photovoltaic power stations, photovoltaic insurance is an effective measure for risk management of photovoltaic power station projects.

[0003] In actual operation, when PV modules are damaged due to uncontrollable external factors, before making claims in response to the request of the PV power station operator, the insurance company needs to conduct damage assessment and inspection on the PV modules in order to designate a corresponding compensation plan. At present, the industry's damage assessment of PV modules mainly uses drones to take images of the appearance of PV modules at high altitudes, and then judge the damage of PV modules as the basis for the insurance compensation plan. However, this single damage assessment method is not accurate enough, resulting in the final insurance compensation amount not matching the actual value of the operator's damaged property. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic damage assessment and detection system to solve the problems raised in the background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A photovoltaic damage assessment and detection system comprises:

[0006] A surveying and mapping drone having a back-shooting mode and a direct-shooting mode and being used to carry a visible light camera and a near-infrared light camera to obtain visible light image information and infrared light image information of photovoltaic modules in a designated area; the designated area includes multiple groups of flight paths consisting of parallel multi-track shooting routes;

[0007] A control terminal, used to control the surveying and mapping UAV to alternately fly along a parallel multi-track shooting route and obtain visible light image information and infrared light image information of the photovoltaic module;

[0008] A portable power supply terminal, used for applying a forward bias voltage to the photovoltaic module and achieving a communication connection with the control terminal through the mapping drone;

[0009] A server, configured to receive and process the visible light image information and the infrared light image information;

[0010] Wherein, the portable power terminal comprises:

[0011] The power source body is used to be electrically connected to the photovoltaic module and form a closed loop;

[0012] A loop detection module generates trigger information according to the open and closed state of the closed loop and sends it to the surveying and mapping UAV to switch the working mode. The surveying and mapping UAV requests a first confirmation instruction from the control terminal according to the trigger information;

[0013] The loop feedback module is used to receive the first confirmation instruction returned by the surveying and mapping UAV and request the second confirmation instruction from the power-on operator.

[0014] In the photovoltaic damage assessment and detection system described in the present invention, the closed circuit is open in the initial state, and the working mode of the surveying and mapping drone is the direct shooting mode; in the direct shooting mode, the surveying and mapping drone alternately shoots visible light image information of two groups of photovoltaic components side by side in a dual-track shooting route and uploads it to the server through the control terminal.

[0015] The photovoltaic damage assessment detection system described in the present invention is such that, when the closed loop is closed, the surveying and mapping UAV is triggered by the loop detection module and requests confirmation from the control terminal and switches the working mode, and the surveying and mapping UAV switches from the direct shooting mode to the rewinding shooting mode; in the rewinding shooting mode, the surveying and mapping UAV turns and shoots the infrared image information of the photovoltaic components in the closed loop and uploads it to the server through the control terminal.

[0016] The photovoltaic damage assessment detection system described in the present invention, wherein the server is also used to output the damage degree level of the photovoltaic component according to a preset damage assessment rule.

[0017] The photovoltaic damage assessment detection system of the present invention, wherein the damage assessment judgment rules specifically include:

[0018] The actual power generation of multiple groups of standard photovoltaic modules with power generation above the minimum threshold under standard working conditions is collected and divided into N power level reference intervals in order of size, where N is a positive integer;

[0019] Collecting infrared image information of multiple groups of standard photovoltaic modules under the standard working conditions and performing binarization processing to obtain a reference grayscale value of each photovoltaic module;

[0020] The multiple groups of reference grayscale values ​​are divided into M grayscale reference intervals in order of size, and a mapping relationship between the N power level reference intervals and the M grayscale reference intervals is established, where M is a positive integer less than or equal to 256.

[0021] In the photovoltaic damage assessment and detection system of the present invention, the minimum threshold of the power generation under standard working conditions is calculated by the following formula:

[0022] W D =V0(1-FF)*[2I0+I SC (1-FF)],

[0023] FF=[(V o *I o ) / (V OC *I SC )]%;

[0024] In the formula,

[0025] W D Indicates the minimum threshold of power generation under standard conditions.

[0026] FF represents the fill factor in the IV characteristic curve of the photovoltaic module. SC Indicates short-circuit current, V OC Indicates the open circuit voltage, I O Indicates the optimal operating current, V O Indicates the optimum operating voltage.

[0027] In the photovoltaic damage assessment and detection system of the present invention, the actual power generation of multiple groups of standard photovoltaic modules are marked as:

[0028] W B1 , W B2 ...W BK , where K is the number of standard PV modules, and N is less than or equal to K;

[0029] The N power level reference intervals are:

[0030] D1:W B1 -W BX , D2: W BX+1 -W BY ...D N :W BZ -W BK , where X, Y, and Z are all positive integers and satisfy the inequality: X <Y<Z≦K;

[0031] The grayscale reference intervals of the M parts are: d1, d2...d M , where M is less than or equal to N;

[0032] The mapping relationship is as follows:

[0033] d1—D1, d2—D2...d M —D N.

[0034] In the photovoltaic damage assessment detection system of the present invention, the server is used to output the damage level of the photovoltaic module corresponding to the loss characteristic information according to the preset damage assessment rules, which specifically includes:

[0035] The server processes the acquired real-time infrared image information and determines whether there is a dark spot area;

[0036] If the dark spot area exists, the real-time infrared light image information is binarized and the average gray value of the photovoltaic module is output.

[0037] Determine the difference between the power level reference interval corresponding to the average gray value and the minimum threshold value according to the damage assessment rule;

[0038] The corresponding damage degree level is output according to the size of the difference.

[0039] In the photovoltaic damage assessment and detection system described in the present invention, the server also determines the degree of appearance damage to the photovoltaic components based on the external light image information obtained in the direct shooting mode and outputs the judgment result to the loop feedback module.

[0040] In the photovoltaic damage assessment and detection system described in the present invention, the server is further used to bind the damage degree level corresponding to the size of the difference with the compensation plan preset in the database, and upload the binding result to the background system.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0042] Through the cooperation of servers, control terminals, mapping drones, visible light cameras, near-infrared cameras and portable power terminals, the appearance damage assessment and internal damage assessment of photovoltaic modules can be carried out simultaneously, realizing double damage assessment protection. Compared with the traditional method of determining damage only by appearance, it can greatly improve the accuracy and effectiveness of damage assessment, ensure that the final insurance compensation plan is more compatible with the actual value of the damaged property of the operator, and protect the interests of the operator; moreover, the internal damage assessment operation can be merged in the process of appearance damage assessment, making full use of the rapid response characteristics of drones, greatly improving the speed and efficiency of overall damage assessment, and the visible light image information obtained in the process of appearance damage assessment can be fed back to cooperate with the operation of the internal damage assessment process, and the appearance can be identified and determined before and after the near-infrared camera works, which not only further improves the inspection efficiency of the inspectors, but also the double appearance damage assessment can avoid the decrease in damage assessment accuracy caused by false data caused by the inspectors' erroneous operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0044] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the machine tool processing equipment assembly of the present invention on the machine tool processing equipment platform.

[0046] Figure 3 An actual visible light image of a photovoltaic module taken by the surveying and mapping drone of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 4 This is the actual picture after the surveying and mapping drone of the present invention has numbered the photovoltaic modules.

[0048] Figure 5 The mapping drone of the present invention identifies the actual image of the light and dark patches of the photovoltaic module.

[0049] Figure 6 An actual diagram of the sequential numbering of photovoltaic modules when capturing infrared image information in the back-shooting mode of the surveying and mapping UAV of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 7 It is the IV characteristic curve diagram of the photovoltaic module of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 8 This is an actual picture of abnormal strings identified by the surveying and mapping UAV of the present invention.

[0052] Fig. 9 This is an actual picture of abnormal strings identified by the surveying and mapping UAV of the present invention.

[0053] Fig.10 This is an actual picture of abnormal strings identified by the surveying and mapping UAV of the present invention.

[0054] Fig.11 This is an actual picture of abnormal strings identified by the surveying and mapping UAV of the present invention.

[0055] Fig.12 This is an actual picture of abnormal strings identified by the surveying and mapping UAV of the present invention.

[0056] Fig.13 This is a diagram of the software operation interface of the background system of the present invention.

[0057] Fig.14 This is a diagram of the software operation interface of the background system of the present invention.

[0058] Fig.15 This is a diagram of the software operation interface of the background system of the present invention.

[0059] Fig.16 This is a diagram of the software operation interface of the background system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The terms "first", "second", "third" and "fourth" etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units that are not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units that are inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0061] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The appearance of the phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0062] "Multiple" means two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0063] Moreover, the terms "up, down, left, right, upper end, lower end, longitudinal" and the like indicating directions are all based on the posture and position of the device or equipment described in this solution during normal use.

[0064] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will be described clearly and completely in combination with the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are partial embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0065] This embodiment discloses Figures 1 to 16 The photovoltaic damage detection system shown in the figure is

[0066] The system includes a surveying and mapping UAV, which has a back-shooting mode and a direct shooting mode and is used to carry a visible light camera and a near-infrared camera to obtain visible light image information and infrared light image information of a photovoltaic module in a specified area. In the back-shooting mode, the dual lenses work simultaneously, or the near-infrared camera works alone, and in the direct shooting mode, only the visible light camera works. In this embodiment, the dual lenses work simultaneously in the back-shooting mode. In the specified area, multiple flight paths composed of parallel multi-track shooting routes are included. In practice, 2-4 routes are generally arranged side by side to form a flight path. It is recommended to use DJI M350 RTK for the surveying and mapping UAV, and it is recommended to use Zenmuse p1 (48 million pixels) or higher-definition cameras for the visible light camera. The near-infrared camera can use Optris PI 1M, or other EL detection cameras.

[0067] The system also includes a control terminal for the terminal operator to control the surveying and mapping UAV to alternately fly along the parallel multi-track shooting routes and obtain visible light image information and infrared light image information of the photovoltaic components, specifically, alternately shoot visible light image information in the early stage of damage assessment, and shoot infrared light image information and visible light image information in the later stage;

[0068] The system also includes a portable power supply terminal, which is used to apply a forward bias voltage to the photovoltaic module to make it electroluminescent. If the portable power supply is interrupted, the surveying and mapping UAV can be used to communicate with the control terminal to facilitate the negotiation and cooperation between the power supply operator and the terminal operator.

[0069] The system also includes a server for receiving and processing visible light image information and infrared light image information, including but not limited to image segmentation and binarization;

[0070] Furthermore, the portable power supply terminal includes a power supply body, a loop detection module and a loop feedback module;

[0071] The power source body is used to electrically connect with the photovoltaic module to form a closed loop and provide a forward bias voltage to the photovoltaic module to make it electroluminescent and emit infrared light with a wavelength between 800-1300nm.

[0072] Among them, the loop detection module generates trigger information according to the open and closed state of the closed loop and sends it to the surveying and mapping UAV to switch the working mode, that is, after the closed loop is closed, the surveying and mapping UAV shoots infrared light image information and visible light image information, and shoots visible light image information when the loop is open; and the surveying and mapping UAV requests the control terminal for the first confirmation instruction according to the trigger information, so as to be further confirmed by the terminal operator;

[0073] Among them, the loop feedback module is used to receive the first confirmation instruction returned by the surveying and mapping UAV and request the second confirmation instruction from the power connection operator to remind the power connection operator to perform the next step of power connection.

[0074] The present invention can simultaneously perform appearance damage assessment and internal damage assessment operations on photovoltaic modules through the cooperation of a server, a control terminal, a mapping drone, a visible light camera, a near-infrared camera, and a portable power terminal, thereby realizing double damage assessment protection. Compared with the traditional method of assessing damage only by appearance, the accuracy and effectiveness of damage assessment can be greatly improved, and the final insurance compensation plan can be guaranteed to be more compatible with the actual value of damaged property of the operator, thereby protecting the interests of the operator. Moreover, the operation of internal damage assessment can be merged in the process of appearance damage assessment, and the rapid response characteristics of the drone are fully utilized, which greatly improves the speed and efficiency of the overall damage assessment. Moreover, the visible light image information obtained in the process of appearance damage assessment can be fed back to cooperate with the operation of the internal damage assessment process, and the appearance can be identified and determined before and after the near-infrared camera works, which not only further improves the inspection efficiency of the inspectors, but also the double appearance damage assessment can avoid the decrease in damage assessment accuracy caused by false data caused by the inspectors' erroneous operations.

[0075] In this embodiment, the closed circuit is open in the initial state, that is, when the damage assessment and detection work has just begun, and the working mode of the surveying and mapping UAV is the direct shooting mode; in the direct shooting mode, the surveying and mapping UAV alternately shoots the visible light image information of the two groups of photovoltaic components side by side along the side-by-side dual-track shooting route and uploads it to the server through the control terminal. The reason for adopting the alternating shooting method is, on the one hand, to be able to simultaneously detect multiple rows of photovoltaic components on one flight path, and on the other hand, to take into account the operation of the power connection operator, leaving enough time for him to connect the equipment and photovoltaic components, and making full use of the gap time when the power connection operator switches between the two groups of photovoltaic components to connect the power, which plays a role in improving efficiency and relatively extending the flight time of the surveying and mapping UAV.

[0076] Furthermore, when the closed loop is closed, the surveying and mapping UAV is triggered by the loop detection module and requests confirmation from the control terminal and switches the working mode. After the terminal control personnel confirms the first confirmation instruction, the surveying and mapping UAV switches from the direct shooting mode to the rewinding shooting mode; in the rewinding shooting mode, the surveying and mapping UAV turns and shoots the infrared image information of the photovoltaic components in the closed loop and uploads it to the server through the control terminal.

[0077] Specifically, the loop detection module generates a trigger message according to the closed state of the closed loop and sends it to the surveying and mapping UAV to switch its working mode. That is, when the closed loop is closed, the loop detection module is triggered and sends a trigger message to the UAV to indicate that the power operator has now connected the photovoltaic component to the power body, and infrared image shooting and visible light image information can be performed again. At this time, the surveying and mapping UAV requests a first confirmation instruction from the control terminal according to the trigger information. The terminal operator confirms the first confirmation instruction through the control terminal and returns the confirmed first instruction to the surveying and mapping UAV. The UAV switches the mode to the back-shooting mode to shoot the infrared image information of the photovoltaic component and shoot the visible light image information again to confirm the appearance of the photovoltaic component again to prevent omissions in the first appearance recognition.

[0078] The loop feedback module is used to receive the first confirmation instruction returned by the surveying and mapping UAV after confirmation and request the second confirmation instruction from the power-on operator; when the infrared image information and the visible light image information are shot, the surveying and mapping UAV returns the first confirmation instruction to the loop feedback module to remind the power-on operator that the infrared image information has been shot. After the power-on operator confirms the second confirmation instruction through the control terminal, the connection circuit can be disconnected to prepare for the connection of the next photovoltaic component. At this time, the surveying and mapping UAV will switch to the direct shooting mode again to continue shooting visible light images of the photovoltaic components previously shot. It should be clear that the re-switching mode of the surveying and mapping UAV can be implemented by the terminal operator of the control terminal, or it can be triggered by the second confirmation instruction after confirmation. Of course, the two methods can coexist.

[0079] The specific working process is as follows:

[0080] In the early stage of damage assessment, that is, in the initial state, the terminal operator controls the surveying and mapping drone to fly alternately along the parallel multi-track shooting route through the control terminal, and obtains the visible light image information of the photovoltaic modules on the route in advance in the direct shooting mode and makes the first step of judging the degree of damage to its appearance. When shooting, the photovoltaic modules need to be named in groups. If the insured unit cannot provide the group string name information, the system will customize the numbering of each group string in the array on the flight path. The default group string numbering rule is to start from top to bottom, then from left to right, and the numbering starts from 0001 and increases, such as Figure 3 As shown; further number the components in each string. The default numbering rule is from top to bottom, then from left to right, and the numbering starts from 01 and increases, such as Figure 4 As shown; after the numbering is completed, the surveying and mapping drone will identify and photograph the corresponding components one by one to obtain the visible light image information;

[0081] In the process of the mapping UAV acquiring visible light image information, the power connection operator can synchronously connect the power source body and the photovoltaic module to provide it with a forward bias voltage to make it electroluminescent. When the loop is connected, the loop detection module requests the control terminal through the mapping UAV to switch the mapping UAV from the direct shooting mode to the back-shooting mode according to the closed state of the loop to capture the infrared light image information of the photovoltaic module and identify the bright and dark pieces (the dark pieces correspond to the dark spots). Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the process is in the late stage of damage assessment. At this time, the terminal operator confirms the command of the surveying and mapping UAV to switch the working mode. After the power-on operator learns the confirmation command through the loop feedback module, he can prepare for the power-on operation of the next group of photovoltaic panels. At this time, the surveying and mapping UAV switches back to the direct shooting mode to take pictures, thereby making full use of the gap time when the power-on operator switches the power connection between the two groups of photovoltaic panels, which improves efficiency and relatively prolongs the flight time of the surveying and mapping UAV.

[0082] When shooting infrared image information in the surveying and mapping drone back-shooting mode, the component numbers shot previously are directly used as the numbering sequence, and then on this basis, each of the four adjacent components in the upper, lower, left and right directions is taken as a unit for shooting, such as Figure 6 Five cells are shown.

[0083] In addition, since most of the photovoltaic power stations that are actually assessed are located in mountainous areas, this environment has a certain impact on the quality of image transmission and the flight boundaries of surveying and mapping drones. Signal freezes or interruptions often occur during the actual assessment process. To address this issue, we further installed a relay forwarding module at the bottom of the surveying and mapping drone that can be airdropped to the ground. This module is used to forward the image data of the surveying and mapping drone to the control terminal and serves as a buffer and temporary storage to prevent the data on both sides of the surveying and mapping drone and the control terminal from being confused and unable to correspond. When this happens, the data can be restored and updated through the relay forwarding module.

[0084] The structure of the relay forwarding module may specifically include a module body shell, a battery module integrated inside the module body shell, and a relay station module for storing and forwarding data. The volume of the relay forwarding module is generally designed to be small, so that the drone can carry multiple at one time. In addition, the design of the relay forwarding module has another advantage, that is, the battery module can be used to power the drone and increase the endurance. The surveying and mapping drone can use the battery of the relay forwarding module in advance, and a relay forwarding module is deployed every time it flies to a calibration location, which not only reduces the overall weight of the surveying and mapping drone and indirectly increases the endurance time, but also retains more power for endurance, so as to facilitate the one-time shooting of more areas. However, it should be emphasized that the safety of the relay forwarding module needs to be ensured when it is deployed to avoid damage. Generally, we will use a small parachute to play a buffering role, and a float that can float in the air can be placed on the parachute as a conspicuous position calibration. Of course, it is not impossible to integrate the communication antenna on the float, which can be selected according to the actual situation.

[0085] In this embodiment, the server is also used to output the damage level of the photovoltaic module according to the preset damage assessment rule, wherein the damage assessment rule is implemented by the following steps:

[0086] Step S10: Collect the actual power generation of multiple groups of standard photovoltaic modules with power generation above the minimum threshold under standard working conditions and divide them into N power level reference intervals in order of size, wherein the standard photovoltaic modules have complete external light and no dark spots or cracks in EL detection; N is a positive integer, and the standard working condition is a sunny day with an outdoor temperature between 25 and 30 degrees;

[0087] Step S20: collecting infrared image information of multiple groups of standard photovoltaic modules under standard working conditions and performing binarization processing to obtain a reference grayscale value of each photovoltaic module;

[0088] Step S30: Divide the multiple groups of reference grayscale values ​​into M grayscale reference intervals (up to 256) in order of size, and establish a mapping relationship between N power level reference intervals and M grayscale reference intervals, where M is a positive integer less than or equal to 256; use a surveying drone to capture infrared light image information to obtain the EL detection image of the photovoltaic module. For the power station, it is convenient for the insurer to regularly go to the site to obtain and replace the world status of the photovoltaic module, and correspondingly replace the grayscale reference interval and the efficiency reference interval according to the actual situation of the photovoltaic module, so that the damage assessment result is better in line with the actual situation, and the interests of the power station operator are effectively guaranteed.

[0089] Among them, the minimum threshold of power generation under standard conditions is calculated by the following formula:

[0090] W D =V0(1-FF)*[2I0+ISC (1-FF)],

[0091] FF=[(V o *I o ) / (V OC *I SC )]%;

[0092] In the formula,

[0093] W D Indicates the minimum threshold of power generation under standard conditions.

[0094] FF represents the fill factor in the IV characteristic curve of the photovoltaic module. SC Indicates short-circuit current, V OC Indicates the open circuit voltage, I O Indicates the optimal operating current, V O Indicates the optimal operating voltage; wherein, the mechanism of the minimum threshold is based on the photovoltaic module setting the voltage priority in the IV characteristic curve to be less than the optimal operating voltage V O The minimum effective area S2 corresponding to the optimal area S1 is realized by the minimum standard voltage Vx, such as Figure 7 The IV characteristic curve is shown.

[0095] In this embodiment, the actual power generation of multiple groups of standard photovoltaic modules are marked as:

[0096] W B1 , W B2 ...W BK , where K is the number of standard PV modules, and N is less than or equal to K;

[0097] The N power level reference intervals are:

[0098] D1:W B1 -W BX , D2: W BX+1 -W BY ...D N :W BZ -W BK , where X, Y, and Z are all positive integers and satisfy the inequality: X <Y<Z≦K;

[0099] The M grayscale reference intervals are: d1, d2...d M , where M is less than or equal to N;

[0100] The mapping relationship is as follows:

[0101] d1—D1, d2—D2...d M —D N, that is, d1 corresponds to D1, d2 corresponds to D2, d M Corresponding to D N After the corresponding relationship is established, in the subsequent actual damage assessment measurement, after obtaining the WL image of the photovoltaic module, the grayscale value can be directly calculated after image processing, and the corresponding interval of the grayscale value can be found in the grayscale reference interval. Then, the determined grayscale reference interval is compared and confirmed with the power level reference interval, and then the actual damage of the photovoltaic module can be quickly obtained. It can be intuitively concluded whether the photovoltaic module can continue to generate electricity and how efficient the power generation is. This method can greatly simplify the calculation of the subsequent compensation plan. Whether it is for the early or late stages of the damage assessment work, it plays a role in improving efficiency. Moreover, the infrared image of the photovoltaic module can be used to determine whether the photovoltaic module can work normally with 100% certainty, and there is no need for live damage assessment. For power stations that cannot work normally and are waiting to be assessed, it plays an irreplaceable role. The damage assessment is accurate, safe, convenient and fast.

[0102] In this embodiment, the server is used to output the damage level of the photovoltaic module according to the loss characteristic information according to the preset damage assessment rules, specifically including:

[0103] The server processes the acquired real-time infrared image information and determines whether there is a dark spot area;

[0104] If there is a dark spot area, the real-time infrared image information is binarized and the average grayscale value of the photovoltaic module is output.

[0105] According to the damage assessment rules, the difference between the power level reference interval corresponding to the average gray value and the minimum threshold is determined;

[0106] The corresponding damage degree level is output according to the size of the difference. Generally, the smaller the difference is set, the smaller the damage degree level is. Therefore, the preliminary compensation plan can be specified intuitively and quickly, which can further improve the accuracy of the final compensation plan formulated later, avoid premium compensation by the insurance party and avoid reduction of the compensation amount of the power station operator, effectively guaranteeing the costs and interests of both parties.

[0107] In this embodiment, the server also determines the degree of damage to the appearance of the photovoltaic components based on the external light image information obtained in the direct shooting mode and outputs the judgment result to the loop feedback module, which is used to plan the necessary travel routes for the power connection personnel in the second process, so that the power connection operators only operate on the photovoltaic components that have passed the appearance judgment and are likely to be further assessed for damage, while the photovoltaic components with a large degree of damage to the appearance and intuitively judged to not require further damage assessment are directly skipped, which can greatly improve the efficiency of damage assessment and shorten the damage assessment cycle.

[0108] In addition, the surveying and mapping UAV can also be equipped with a long-wave infrared camera to measure the hot spot image information of photovoltaic modules under normal power generation conditions during the day, so as to further adapt to the actual conditions of photovoltaic power stations and meet the damage assessment requirements of some photovoltaic modules that need to be assessed under normal power generation conditions.

[0109] Among them, the system can determine abnormal strings based on the following visual recognition patterns: irrigation column exposure recognition pattern (such as Figure 8 As shown in the figure), photovoltaic panel attachment recognition mode (as ... Fig. 9 As shown), photovoltaic panel component missing identification mode (as shown Fig.10 As shown), photovoltaic panels split the string to perform tilt recognition mode (such as Fig.11 as shown) and photovoltaic panel component damage identification mode (as shown Fig.12 After being filtered and selected by the system, they are uploaded to the backend system. Appraisers can log in to the backend system to spot-check components in good condition and only manually check photos of the strings in the "tilted" and "unbuilt" states on the system for verification. For components in question, they can be marked as "pending confirmation" and then the control terminal can be notified through the backend system to control the surveying and mapping drone for verification.

[0110] In this embodiment, the server is also used to bind the damage level corresponding to the difference value with the compensation plan preset in the database, and upload the binding result to the backend system. For example, the mapping relationship (d1-D1) corresponds to the first damage level, the mapping (d2-D2) corresponds to the second damage level, and the mapping (d M —D N ) corresponds to the Jth damage level, where J is a positive integer. Through this binding relationship, it is convenient to regularly update the corresponding relationship of the original compensation plan in the data, which is more conducive to improving the accuracy of damage assessment and compensation.

[0111] After uploading the data to the backend system, the assessor adds a new case in the "Case Management" page of the backend system software, such as Fig.13 As shown, upload the group pictures and array files taken by visible light and infrared light respectively, such as Fig.14 and 15 As shown, for the captured image, you can directly click on the large image preview window to view it carefully, such as Fig.16 As shown; moreover, in order to facilitate the comparison of different states of the same photovoltaic component before and after time, a left-right split-screen comparison function can be added to the section of the background system software.

[0112] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or changes based on the above description, and all these improvements and changes should fall within the scope of protection of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic damage detection system, characterized in that: include: A surveying and mapping drone having a back-shooting mode and a direct-shooting mode and being used to carry a visible light camera and a near-infrared light camera to obtain visible light image information and infrared light image information of photovoltaic modules in a designated area; the designated area includes multiple groups of flight paths consisting of parallel multi-track shooting routes; A control terminal, used to control the surveying and mapping UAV to alternately fly along a parallel multi-track shooting route and obtain visible light image information and infrared light image information of the photovoltaic module; A portable power supply terminal, used for applying a forward bias voltage to the photovoltaic module and achieving a communication connection with the control terminal through the mapping drone; A server, configured to receive and process the visible light image information and the infrared light image information; Wherein, the portable power terminal comprises: The power source body is used to be electrically connected to the photovoltaic module and form a closed loop; A loop detection module generates trigger information according to the open and closed state of the closed loop and sends it to the surveying and mapping UAV to switch the working mode. The surveying and mapping UAV requests a first confirmation instruction from the control terminal according to the trigger information; The loop feedback module is used to receive the first confirmation instruction returned by the surveying and mapping UAV and request the second confirmation instruction from the power-on operator.

2. The photovoltaic damage assessment and detection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the initial state, the closed loop is open, and the working mode of the surveying and mapping UAV is the direct shooting mode; in the direct shooting mode, the surveying and mapping UAV alternately shoots visible light image information of two groups of photovoltaic components side by side along a side-by-side dual-track shooting route and uploads it to the server through the control terminal.

3. The photovoltaic damage assessment and detection system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: When the closed loop is closed, the surveying and mapping UAV is triggered by the loop detection module and requests confirmation from the control terminal and switches the working mode, and the surveying and mapping UAV switches from the direct shooting mode to the rewinding shooting mode; in the rewinding shooting mode, the surveying and mapping UAV turns and shoots the infrared image information and visible light image information of the photovoltaic components in the closed loop and uploads them to the server through the control terminal.

4. The photovoltaic damage assessment and detection system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The server is also used to output the damage degree level of the photovoltaic module according to the preset damage assessment rules.

5. The photovoltaic damage assessment and detection system according to claim 4, characterized in that: in, The damage assessment rules specifically include: The actual power generation of multiple groups of standard photovoltaic modules with power generation above the minimum threshold under standard working conditions is collected and divided into N power level reference intervals in order of size, where N is a positive integer; Collecting infrared image information of multiple groups of standard photovoltaic modules under the standard working conditions and performing binarization processing to obtain a reference grayscale value of each photovoltaic module; The multiple groups of reference grayscale values ​​are divided into M grayscale reference intervals in order of size, and a mapping relationship between the N power level reference intervals and the M grayscale reference intervals is established, where M is a positive integer less than or equal to 256.

6. The photovoltaic damage assessment and detection system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The minimum threshold of power generation under standard conditions is calculated by the following formula: W D =V0(1-FF)*[2I0+I SC (1-FF)], FF=[(V o *I o ) / (V OC *I SC )]%; In the formula, W D Indicates the minimum threshold of power generation under standard conditions. FF represents the fill factor in the IV characteristic curve of the photovoltaic module. SC Indicates short-circuit current, V OC Indicates the open circuit voltage, I O Indicates the optimal operating current, V O Indicates the optimum operating voltage.

7. The photovoltaic damage assessment and detection system according to claim 6, characterized in that: in, The actual power generation of multiple groups of standard photovoltaic modules are marked as follows: W B1 , W B2 ...W BK , where K is the number of standard PV modules, and N is less than or equal to K; The N power level reference intervals are: D1:W B1 -W BX , D2: W BX+1 -W BY ...D N :W BZ -W BK , where X, Y, and Z are all positive integers and satisfy the inequality: X <Y<Z≦K; The grayscale reference intervals of the M parts are: d1, d2...d M , where M is less than or equal to N; The mapping relationship is as follows: d1—D1、d2—D2...d M —D N 。 8. The photovoltaic damage assessment and detection system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The server is used to output the damage level of the photovoltaic module according to the loss characteristic information according to the preset damage assessment rule, which specifically includes: The server processes the acquired real-time infrared image information and determines whether there is a dark spot area; If the dark spot area exists, the real-time infrared light image information is binarized and the average gray value of the photovoltaic module is output. Determine the difference between the power level reference interval corresponding to the average gray value and the minimum threshold value according to the damage assessment rule; The corresponding damage degree level is output according to the size of the difference.

9. The photovoltaic damage assessment and detection system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The server also determines the degree of damage to the appearance of the photovoltaic component based on the external light image information obtained in the direct shooting mode and outputs the judgment result to the loop feedback module.

10. The photovoltaic damage assessment and detection system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The server is also used to bind the damage degree level corresponding to the size of the difference with the compensation plan preset in the database, and upload the binding result to the backend system.

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