Crushing and screening device and method for carbon-carbon composite material

Abstract

The invention discloses a carbon-carbon composite material crushing and screening device and method, and relates to the technical field of carbon-carbon composite materials. The device comprises a primary crushing device, a discharging port of the primary crushing device communicates with a primary screening and conveying device, a bottom plate of the primary screening and conveying device is a primary vibrating screen plate, the lower portion of the primary vibrating screen plate communicates with a fine crushing device, and a first discharging port is formed in the side direction of the primary vibrating screen plate; a discharge port of the fine crushing device is communicated with a fine screening and conveying device, a bottom plate of the fine screening and conveying device is a fine screening plate, a fourth discharge port is formed below the fine screening plate, and a third discharge port is formed in the side direction of the fine screening plate; the primary vibrating screen plate is connected with a first vibrating source; the fine sieve plate is connected with the second vibration source and the ultrasonic transducer. According to the device, carbon fibers and graphite particles of different sizes can be recycled through the multi-stage crushing and screening device based on the comprehensive screening principle of vibration, ultrasonic waves and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of carbon-carbon composite materials, and in particular to a carbon-carbon composite material crushing and screening device and method. Background Art

[0002] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention, and should not necessarily be regarded as an admission or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.

[0003] Carbon-carbon composites are carbon matrix composites reinforced with carbon fibers and their fabrics, and the carbon matrix mainly includes graphite carbon. Carbon-carbon composites have the advantages of low density, high strength, high specific modulus, high thermal conductivity, low expansion coefficient, good friction performance, good thermal shock resistance, and high dimensional stability. They can be used in aerospace, shipbuilding, automobile manufacturing, medicine, energy and other fields.

[0004] After the life of products containing carbon-carbon composite materials reaches the end, their recycling and reuse becomes an urgent problem to be solved. At present, the recycling and utilization methods of carbon-carbon composite materials include chemical recycling, pyrolysis recycling, mechanical recycling, etc. Chemical recycling can better maintain the performance of carbon fiber, but the operation is complicated, the cost is high, and it will produce chemical pollution; pyrolysis recycling is to heat the carbon-carbon composite material to a high temperature in an oxygen-free or low-oxygen environment to decompose the carbon matrix and recover the carbon fiber, but toxic gases will be released during the pyrolysis process, causing secondary pollution. In order to avoid the shortcomings of treatment methods such as chemical recycling and pyrolysis recycling, the current recycling of carbon-carbon composite materials tends to be mechanical crushing and separation recycling, so it is necessary to develop related separation and crushing devices for carbon fiber composite materials. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a carbon-carbon composite material crushing and screening device and method, which can realize the recovery of carbon fibers and graphite of different sizes through a multi-stage crushing and screening device.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A first aspect of the present invention provides a carbon-carbon composite material crushing and screening device, comprising a primary crushing device, a primary screening and conveying device, a fine crushing device and a fine screening and conveying device;

[0008] The primary crushing device is provided with a feed port, and the discharge port is connected to the primary screening and conveying device, the bottom plate of the primary screening and conveying device is a primary vibrating screen plate, the lower part of the primary vibrating screen plate is connected to the fine crushing device, and the primary vibrating screen plate is provided with a first discharge port laterally; the discharge port of the fine crushing device is connected to the fine screening and conveying device, the bottom plate of the fine screening and conveying device is a fine screen plate, a fourth discharge port is provided below the fine screen plate, and a third discharge port is provided laterally of the fine screen plate;

[0009] The primary vibration screen plate is connected to the first vibration source; the fine screen plate is connected to the second vibration source and the ultrasonic transducer respectively.

[0010] Optionally, the primary crushing device comprises a primary jaw crushing device, comprising a first fixed jaw plate and a first movable jaw plate, and the movable jaw plate is eccentrically connected to the first turntable.

[0011] Optionally, the first turntable is connected to a first flywheel.

[0012] Optionally, the mesh size of the primary vibrating screen plate is 20 mm, 15 mm or 10 mm.

[0013] Optionally, a first feeding device is provided above the primary vibrating screen plate, and a terminal end of the first feeding device is connected to a first discharge port.

[0014] Optionally, the first feeding device is a screw feeder or a scraper conveyor.

[0015] Optionally, a first funnel is arranged below the primary vibrating screen plate, and an outlet of the first funnel is connected to a feed inlet of the fine jaw crushing device.

[0016] Optionally, the fine crushing device includes a fine jaw crushing device, including a second fixed jaw plate and a second movable jaw plate, and the second movable jaw plate is eccentrically connected to the second turntable.

[0017] Optionally, the second turntable is connected to a second flywheel.

[0018] Optionally, the sieve hole diameter of the fine sieve plate is 3 mm, 1 mm or 0.5 mm.

[0019] Optionally, a second feeding device is provided above the fine screen plate, and a terminal end of the second feeding device is connected to a third discharge port.

[0020] Optionally, the second feeding device is a screw feeder or a scraper conveyor.

[0021] Optionally, the ultrasonic transducer is capable of outputting mechanical vibrations at 18 kHz.

[0022] Optionally, a second funnel is arranged below the fine screening and conveying device, and the outlet of the second funnel is a fourth discharge port.

[0023] In a second aspect, a carbon-carbon composite material pulverizing and screening method using the above-mentioned carbon-carbon composite material pulverizing and screening device comprises the following process:

[0024] S1, after the carbon-carbon composite material is crushed by the primary crushing device, it enters the primary screening and conveying device, and the carbon fiber fabrics and graphite blocks larger than the aperture of the primary vibrating screen plate are discharged through the first discharge port, and the carbon fiber fabrics and graphite blocks smaller than the aperture of the primary vibrating screen plate are downwardly entered into the fine crushing device;

[0025] S2. The carbon fiber and graphite powder processed by the fine crushing device enter the fine screening and conveying device, and the carbon fiber and graphite powder larger than the fine screen plate aperture are discharged through the third discharge port, and the carbon fiber and graphite powder smaller than the fine screen plate aperture are discharged downward through the fourth discharge port.

[0026] Optionally, in S1, the carbon-carbon composite material in the first feeding device is separated into coarse and fine parts under the action of the first vibration source.

[0027] Optionally, in S2, the carbon fiber and graphite powder in the second feeding device are separated into coarse and fine parts under the action of the second vibration source and the ultrasonic transducer.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0029] The present invention provides a carbon-carbon material crushing and screening device, which can effectively crush the carbon fiber and graphite matrix in the carbon-carbon material uniformly, and is convenient for further crushing the granular waste graphite and carbon fiber after crushing, and can effectively screen the crushed graphite and carbon fiber powder. In particular, the primary vibrating screen plate is based on the vibration screening principle, and the fine screen plate is based on the vibration and ultrasonic screening principle to effectively prevent the powder from agglomerating. Therefore, a multi-stage screening processing device is used to separate the crushed graphite of different finenesses so as to be recycled and reused as raw materials for other processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0031] In order to show the positions of various parts, the distances or sizes between them are exaggerated in the figure, and the schematic diagram is for illustration only.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the carbon-carbon composite material crushing and screening device in Example 1.

[0033] Among them, 1. main body shell; 2. feed port; 3. first motor; 4. first turntable; 5. first connecting block; 6. first rotating shaft; 7. first movable jaw plate; 8. first fixed jaw plate; 9. primary vibration screen plate; 10. second motor; 11. first vibration source; 12. first connecting rod; 13. first shock-absorbing spring; 14. first discharge port; 15. second discharge port; 16. third motor; 17. second turntable; 18. second connecting block; 19. second rotating shaft; 20. second movable jaw plate; 21. second fixed jaw plate; 22. fine screen plate; 23. fourth motor; 24. ultrasonic transducer; 25. second ultrasonic transducer; 27. ultrasonic power supply; 28. second vibration source; 29. ​​second connecting rod; 30. second shock-absorbing spring; 31. third discharge port; 32. fourth discharge port; 33. first funnel; 34. second funnel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0035] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] A carbon-carbon composite material crushing and screening device comprises a main body shell 1, a primary crushing device, a primary screening and conveying device, a fine crushing device and a fine screening and conveying device which are sequentially connected from top to bottom in the main body shell 1;

[0038] The primary crushing device is provided with a feed port 2 connected to the outside of the main body shell 1, and the feed port 2 is the feed port of the entire device. The discharge port of the primary crushing device is connected to the primary screening and conveying device. The bottom plate of the primary screening and conveying device is a primary vibrating screen plate 9. The lower part of the primary vibrating screen plate 9 is connected to the fine crushing device. The primary vibrating screen plate 9 is provided with a first discharge port 14 on the side. The discharge port of the fine crushing device is connected to the fine screening and conveying device. The bottom plate of the fine screening and conveying device is a fine screen plate 22. The lower part of the fine screen plate 22 is provided with a fourth discharge port 32. The side of the fine screen plate 22 is provided with a third discharge port 31.

[0039] The primary vibration screen plate 9 is connected to the first vibration source 11; the fine screen plate 22 is connected to the second vibration source 28 and the ultrasonic transducer 24 respectively.

[0040] Through the above arrangement, the carbon-carbon composite material entering from the feed port 2 is processed in sequence by the primary crushing device, the primary screening and conveying device, the fine crushing device and the fine screening and conveying device, and the carbon fiber fabric fragments, carbon fiber powder, graphite blocks or graphite powder obtained by crushing are discharged through the first discharge port 14, the third discharge port 31 and the fourth discharge port 32 respectively, and can be collected separately to improve the crushing and screening efficiency.

[0041] The primary crushing device includes a primary jaw crushing device, which adopts a compound swing jaw crusher, including a first fixed jaw plate 8 and a first movable jaw plate 7. The first fixed jaw plate 8 is fixed at a set position, and the first movable jaw plate 7 reciprocates along a set trajectory relative to the first fixed jaw plate 8. The two jaw plates are relatively squeezed to achieve a crushing effect; the first movable jaw plate 7 is eccentrically connected to the first turntable 4 through the first connecting block 5, and both ends of the first connecting block 5 can rotate, so the rotary motion of the first turntable 4 can be converted into the reciprocating motion of the first movable jaw plate 7.

[0042] The first fixed jaw plate 8 and the first movable jaw plate 7 are fixed / connected to the jaw bed by bolts and wedges respectively, and their relative surfaces have a set concave-convex structure. The surface is made of cast steel or cast iron to increase the wear life; the first rotating shaft 6 of the first turntable 4 runs through the fuselage frame. The first rotating shaft 6 is made of high carbon steel, and the bearing liner is cast with Babbitt alloy to increase the service life.

[0043] The first turntable 4 is connected to the first flywheel, so that the rotation process of the first turntable 4 is stable; the first turntable 4 is driven by the first motor 3.

[0044] The input particle size of the primary crushing device of this embodiment is less than 100 mm, and the output particle size is 1-20 mm.

[0045] A first feeding device is arranged above the primary vibrating screen plate 9, and the end of the first feeding device is connected to the first discharge port 14; the primary vibrating screen plate 9 is the bottom plate of the first feeding device, and the primary vibrating screen plate 9 has a single-layer honeycomb structure and can be replaced with different sieve hole specifications. The commonly used sieve hole diameters are 20mm, 15mm or 10mm.

[0046] The first feeding device is a scraper conveyor. The scrapers spaced at a set distance move perpendicularly to the primary vibrating screen plate to scrape the carbon fiber fabrics and graphite particles that cannot be screened off to the first discharge port for discharge.

[0047] A first funnel 33 is arranged below the primary vibrating screen plate 9 , and the collection range of the first funnel 33 includes the area range of the entire primary vibrating screen plate 9 . The outlet of the first funnel 33 is a second discharge port 15 , and the second discharge port 15 is connected to the feed port of the fine jaw crushing device.

[0048] Correspondingly, the fine crushing device includes a fine jaw crushing device, which also adopts a compound swing jaw crusher, including a second fixed jaw plate 21 and a second movable jaw plate 20, and the second movable jaw plate 20 is eccentrically connected to the second rotating disk 17 through a second connecting block 18. Both ends of the second connecting block 18 can rotate, so the rotary motion of the second rotating disk 17 can be converted into the reciprocating motion of the second movable jaw plate 20. The second rotating shaft 19 of the second rotating disk 17 runs through the fuselage frame; the second rotating disk 17 is connected to the second flywheel to stabilize the rotation process of the second rotating disk 17; the second rotating disk 17 is driven by a third motor 16, and its material and shape structure are the same as those of the above-mentioned primary jaw crushing device, but the crushing specifications are finer.

[0049] The input particle size of the fine crushing device of this embodiment is less than 30 mm, and the output particle size is 0.5-2 mm.

[0050] A second feeding device is arranged above the fine sieve plate 22, and the end of the second feeding device is connected to the third discharge port 31. The fine sieve plate 22 is the bottom plate of the second feeding device. The fine sieve plate 22 has a single-layer honeycomb structure and can be replaced with different sieve hole specifications. The commonly used sieve hole diameters are 3mm, 1mm or 0.5mm.

[0051] The second feeding device is a scraper conveyor. The scrapers spaced at a set distance move in a posture perpendicular to the fine screen plate to scrape the carbon fiber powder and graphite particles that cannot be screened off to the third discharge port 31 for discharge.

[0052] A second funnel 34 is disposed below the fine screening conveying device. The collection range of the second funnel 34 includes the area range of the entire fine screening plate 22 , and the outlet of the second funnel 34 is the fourth discharge port 32 .

[0053] The first vibration source 11 is arranged below the primary vibration screen plate 9, and the first vibration source 11 is connected to the primary vibration screen plate 9 through a first connecting rod 12. A first shock-absorbing spring 13 is connected below the first vibration source 11, and the first shock-absorbing spring 13 is connected to the first funnel 33 to promote the material on the side wall of the first funnel 33 to slide down; the first vibration source 11 is connected to the second motor 10 and is driven by it.

[0054] The second vibration source 28 is arranged below the fine screen plate 22. The second vibration source 28 is connected to the fine screen plate 22 through a second connecting rod 29. A second shock-absorbing spring 30 is connected below the second vibration source 28. The second shock-absorbing spring 30 is connected to the second funnel 34 to promote the material on the side wall of the second funnel 34 to slide down. The second vibration source 28 is connected to the fourth motor 23 and is driven by it.

[0055] An ultrasonic transducer 24 is also installed under the fine screen plate 22. The ultrasonic transducer 24 is connected to and driven by an ultrasonic power supply 27. The ultrasonic power supply 27 converts 220V, 50Hz or 110V, 60Hz electrical energy into 18KHz high-frequency electrical energy and inputs it into the ultrasonic transducer 24. The ultrasonic transducer 24 converts the electrical energy into 18kHz mechanical vibration. In this embodiment, a second ultrasonic transducer 25 is also provided. The two ultrasonic transducers are respectively arranged at one end of the fine screen plate 22 close to the third discharge port 31 and the other end away from the third discharge port 31, so that the ultrasonic vibration effect can cover the entire fine screen plate 22. Since the carbon fiber and graphite powder here are small in size and easy to agglomerate, the method of combining ultrasonic vibration with ordinary vibration can effectively prevent the carbon fiber and graphite powder from agglomerating during movement.

[0056] The carbon-carbon composite material pulverizing and screening method using the carbon-carbon composite material pulverizing and screening device of this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0057] S1, after the carbon-carbon composite material is crushed by the primary crushing device, it enters the primary screening and conveying device. The carbon-carbon composite material in the first feeding device is coarse and fine separated under the action of the first vibration source 11. The carbon fiber fabrics and graphite blocks larger than the aperture of the primary vibration screen plate 9 are discharged through the first discharge port 14, and the carbon fiber fabrics and graphite blocks smaller than the aperture of the primary vibration screen plate 9 are downwardly entered into the fine crushing device;

[0058] S2. The carbon fiber and graphite powder processed by the fine crushing device enter the fine screening and conveying device. The carbon fiber and graphite powder in the second feeding device are coarsely and finely separated under the action of the second vibration source 28, the ultrasonic transducer 24 and the second ultrasonic transducer 25. The carbon fiber and graphite powder larger than the aperture of the fine sieve plate 22 are discharged through the third discharge port 31, and the carbon fiber and graphite powder smaller than the aperture of the fine sieve plate 22 are discharged downward through the fourth discharge port 32.

[0059] When the aperture of the primary vibrating screen plate is 10 mm and the aperture of the fine screen plate is 0.5 mm, carbon fiber fabric, carbon fiber powder, graphite particles or graphite powder of set particle sizes can be obtained at the first discharge port 14, the third discharge port 31 and the fourth discharge port 32 respectively, and the mixed processing of coarse particles and fine particles can be avoided, which helps to improve the processing efficiency.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is:

[0062] The first feeding device is a screw feeder, and the second feeding device is a screw feeder. In order to facilitate feeding, the primary vibrating screen plate is an arc-shaped fit with the first feeding device, and the fine screen plate is an arc-shaped fit with the second feeding device to prevent the material from being unable to move in the gap between the screen plate and the feeding device.

[0063] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A carbon-carbon composite material crushing and screening device, characterized in that: It includes a primary crushing device, a primary screening and conveying device, a fine crushing device and a fine screening and conveying device; The primary crushing device is provided with a feed port, and the discharge port is connected to the primary screening and conveying device, the bottom plate of the primary screening and conveying device is a primary vibrating screen plate, the lower part of the primary vibrating screen plate is connected to the fine crushing device, and the primary vibrating screen plate is provided with a first discharge port laterally; the discharge port of the fine crushing device is connected to the fine screening and conveying device, the bottom plate of the fine screening and conveying device is a fine screen plate, a fourth discharge port is provided below the fine screen plate, and a third discharge port is provided laterally of the fine screen plate; The primary vibration screen plate is connected to the first vibration source; the fine screen plate is connected to the second vibration source and the ultrasonic transducer respectively.

2. The carbon-carbon composite material crushing and screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary crushing device comprises a primary jaw crushing device, comprising a first fixed jaw plate and a first movable jaw plate, wherein the first movable jaw plate is eccentrically connected to the first rotating disk.

3. The carbon-carbon composite material crushing and screening device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first rotating disk is connected to the first flywheel.

4. The carbon-carbon composite material crushing and screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first feeding device is arranged above the primary vibrating screen plate, and a terminal end of the first feeding device is connected to a first discharge port; Optionally, the first feeding device is a screw feeder or a scraper conveyor.

5. The carbon-carbon composite material crushing and screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first funnel is arranged below the primary vibrating screen plate, and an outlet of the first funnel is connected to a feed inlet of the fine jaw crushing device; Optionally, the first vibration source is connected to the primary vibration screen plate via a first connecting rod, a first shock-absorbing spring is connected below the first vibration source, and the first shock-absorbing spring is connected to the first funnel.

6. The carbon-carbon composite material crushing and screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fine crushing device comprises a fine jaw crushing device, including a second fixed jaw plate and a second movable jaw plate, wherein the second movable jaw plate is eccentrically connected to the second rotating disk; Optionally, the second turntable is connected to a second flywheel.

7. The carbon-carbon composite material crushing and screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second feeding device is arranged above the fine screen plate, and a terminal end of the second feeding device is connected to a third discharge port; Optionally, the second feeding device is a screw feeder or a scraper conveyor.

8. The carbon-carbon composite material crushing and screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second funnel is arranged below the fine screening conveying device, and the outlet of the second funnel is a fourth discharge port; Optionally, the second vibration source is connected to the fine screen plate via a second connecting rod, a second shock-absorbing spring is connected below the second vibration source, and the second shock-absorbing spring is connected to the second funnel.

9. A method for crushing and screening a carbon-carbon composite material using the carbon-carbon composite material crushing and screening device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The process includes: S1, after the carbon-carbon composite material is crushed by the primary crushing device, it enters the primary screening and conveying device, and the carbon fiber fabrics and graphite blocks larger than the aperture of the primary vibrating screen plate are discharged through the first discharge port, and the carbon fiber fabrics and graphite blocks smaller than the aperture of the primary vibrating screen plate are downwardly entered into the fine crushing device; S2. The carbon fiber and graphite powder processed by the fine crushing device enter the fine screening and conveying device, and the carbon fiber and graphite powder larger than the fine screen plate aperture are discharged through the third discharge port, and the carbon fiber and graphite powder smaller than the fine screen plate aperture are discharged downward through the fourth discharge port.

10. The method for crushing and screening carbon-carbon composite materials according to claim 9, characterized in that: In S1, the carbon-carbon composite material in the first feeding device is separated into coarse and fine parts under the action of the first vibration source; In S2, the carbon fiber and graphite powder in the second feeding device are separated into coarse and fine parts under the action of the second vibration source and the ultrasonic transducer.

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