Water mist cooling process for aluminum alloy spoke machining
By using water mist cooling technology in aluminum alloy spoke processing, the use of Feng Shui mixture to quickly cool the low-pressure casting mold, the existing problem of low air cooling efficiency is solved, rapid solidification and efficient production of castings are achieved, and the performance of castings is improved and productivity.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411394313.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-08
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-07
AI Technical Summary
The existing mold cooling method of cast aluminum alloy wheels adopts blow-air cooling, resulting in low cooling efficiency, less obvious cooling intensity increase after the flow of compressed air increases, and the compressed air produces high energy consumption and is large in use, making it difficult to shorten the casting cycle and improve production efficiency.
The water mist cooling process is adopted to spray Feng Shui mixture on the low-pressure casting mold, and the mold is quickly cooled by using a water mist generator and an air compressor to form a cast product, achieving rapid solidification of spoke castings.
The rapid solidification of spoke castings is achieved, the casting cycle is shortened, the production efficiency is improved, the casting grains are small, the microstructure is dense, the performance and strength are higher, and the cooling energy consumption is reduced.
Smart Images
Figure CN119259955A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the field of wheel processing, and in particular relates to a water mist cooling process for processing aluminum alloy spokes. Background Art
[0002] The widely used manufacturing method for ordinary cast aluminum alloy wheels is metal mold low-pressure casting, and the mold cooling method adopts air blowing cooling, that is, blowing compressed air to the specified position of the mold through the air duct. The typical low-pressure mold air cooling structure arranges the cooling system in different positions of the mold. It is composed of air ducts and air holes. Dry compressed air is passed into the air duct for cooling and solidification. Air cooling is not very effective in increasing the solidification rate of castings by increasing the use of compressed air, and the expected effect has not been achieved. The cooling intensity of compressed air is not proportional to the flow rate. As the flow rate increases, the increase in cooling intensity becomes smaller and smaller. Due to the limitation of the diameter of the cooling air duct, the compressed air flow rate can usually only reach a maximum of 120m 3 / h. The generation of compressed air is also a high-energy consumption process, and the amount used is very large.
[0003] Therefore, designing a water mist cooling process for aluminum alloy spoke processing, optimizing the cooling method, shortening the casting cycle, improving production efficiency, and making the casting performance stronger is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention
[0004] Based on this, the present invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a water mist cooling process for aluminum alloy spoke processing, which heats and melts aluminum alloy ingredients with a certain ratio to form aluminum liquid, refines the aluminum liquid to form a first casting liquid, refines, deteriorates and deslags the first casting liquid to form a second casting liquid, passes the second casting liquid into a low-pressure casting mold to form a casting embryo, and then uses water mist cooling to uniformly and quickly cool the low-pressure casting mold to form a cast product. The process can achieve rapid solidification of the spoke casting, shorten the casting cycle, and improve production efficiency, while making the casting have small grains, denser microstructure, and higher performance strength.
[0005] The first technical solution provided by the present invention is:
[0006] A water mist cooling process for processing aluminum alloy spokes comprises: smelting, adding aluminum alloy ingredients of a preset ratio into a smelting furnace, heating and melting to form aluminum liquid; refining, introducing nitrogen into the aluminum liquid for rotary degassing and refining treatment to form a first casting liquid; refining, adding a refining agent and a modifier to the first casting liquid, and performing a slag removal treatment to form a second casting liquid; casting, injecting the second casting liquid into a low-pressure casting mold to form a casting embryo; cooling, performing water mist cooling on the low-pressure casting mold to form a cast product.
[0007] Furthermore, in the cooling step, water mist cooling utilizes a water mist generator and an air compressor to form a wind-water mixture to quickly cool down the low-pressure casting mold to form a cast product.
[0008] Furthermore, the low-pressure casting mold includes an upper mold and a lower mold; the upper mold and the lower mold are detachably connected and form a mold cavity inside to accommodate the second casting liquid; the outer surface of the upper mold is provided with multiple first water mist outlets; the outer surface of the lower mold is provided with multiple second water mist outlets.
[0009] Furthermore, in the smelting step, the temperature of the aluminum liquid is 710-730°C.
[0010] Furthermore, in the refining step, the refining time is 15-20 minutes.
[0011] Furthermore, in the refining step, the refining agent is Al-5Ti-B and the modifying agent is Al-10Sr.
[0012] Furthermore, in the thinning step, the temperature of forming the second casting liquid is 660°C.
[0013] Furthermore, the mass percentage of each component in the preset ratio of the aluminum alloy ingredients is: Si: 6.8-7.5%, Mg: 0.28-0.35%, Ti: 0.1-0.2%, Sr: 0.012-0.02%, Fe: ≤0.15%, Cu: ≤0.02%, Zn: ≤0.05%, Mn: ≤0.05%, Al: 91.66-92.808%.
[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
[0015] Aluminum alloy ingredients with a certain ratio are heated and melted to form aluminum liquid, the aluminum liquid is refined to form a first casting liquid, the first casting liquid is refined, modified and deslagging is performed to form a second casting liquid, the second casting liquid is passed into a low-pressure casting mold to form a casting embryo, and then the low-pressure casting mold is evenly and quickly cooled by water mist cooling to form a cast product. It can achieve rapid solidification of the spoke casting, shorten the casting cycle, improve production efficiency, and at the same time make the casting grains smaller, the microstructure more dense, and the performance strength higher. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1 It is a step diagram of the water mist cooling process for processing aluminum alloy spokes according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0017] Description of reference numerals:
[0018] S1, smelting; S2, refining; S3, refinement; S4, casting; S5, cooling. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0020] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for which protection is sought, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.
[0021] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.
[0022] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientations or positional relationships in which the products of the application are conventionally placed when in use, or are the orientations or positional relationships conventionally understood by those skilled in the art. They are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.
[0023] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0024] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other.
[0025] The technical solution in this application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0026] Please refer to Figure 1 The present application provides a water mist cooling process for aluminum alloy spoke processing, comprising the following steps:
[0027] S1: Melting: adding aluminum alloy ingredients of a preset ratio into a melting furnace, heating and melting to form aluminum liquid.
[0028] The mass percentages of the components in the aluminum alloy ingredients of the preset proportions in this step are: Si: 6.8-7.5%, Mg: 0.28-0.35%, Ti: 0.1-0.2%, Sr: 0.012-0.02%, Fe: ≤0.15%, Cu: ≤0.02%, Zn: ≤0.05%, Mn: ≤0.05%, Al: 91.66-92.808%. The temperature for forming the aluminum liquid is 710-730°C.
[0029] It should be noted that in other optional embodiment 1, the mass percentage of each component in the preset ratio of the aluminum alloy ingredients in the smelting step can be: Si: 6.8%, Mg: 0.28%, Ti: 0.1%, Sr: 0.012%, Fe: 0%, Cu: 0%, Zn: 0%, Mn: 0%, Al: 92.808%.
[0030] In other optional embodiment 2, the mass percentage of each component in the preset ratio of the aluminum alloy ingredients in the smelting step can be: Si: 7.5%, Mg: 0.35%, Ti: 0.2%, Sr: 0.02%, Fe: 0.15%, Cu: 0.02%, Zn: 0.05%, Mn: 0.05%, Al: 91.66%.
[0031] In other optional embodiment 3, the mass percentage of each component in the preset ratio of the aluminum alloy ingredients in the smelting step can be: Si: 6.8%, Mg: 0.28%, Ti: 0.1%, Sr: 0.012%, Fe: 0.15%, Cu: 0.02%, Zn: 0.05%, Mn: 0.05%, Al: 92.538%.
[0032] In other optional embodiment 4, the mass percentage of each component in the preset ratio of the aluminum alloy ingredients in the smelting step can be: Si: 7.5%, Mg: 0.35%, Ti: 0.2%, Sr: 0.02%, Fe: 0%, Cu: 0%, Zn: 0%, Mn: 0%, Al: 91.93%.
[0033] Different aluminum alloy ingredients are selected according to spokes of different specifications and sizes to meet different performance requirements.
[0034] S2: Refining: nitrogen is introduced into the aluminum liquid for rotary degassing and refining treatment to form a first casting liquid.
[0035] In this step, the refining time is 15-20 minutes. It can be known that the use of nitrogen is not limited to other rare gases, as long as they do not oxidize the aluminum liquid.
[0036] S3: Refining, adding a refiner and a modifier to the first casting liquid, and performing a slag removal process to form a second casting liquid.
[0037] In this step, the refining agent is Al-5Ti-B, the modifying agent is Al-10Sr, and the temperature of forming the second casting liquid is 660°C.
[0038] S4: Casting, pouring the second casting liquid into the low-pressure casting mold to form a casting embryo.
[0039] In this step, the second casting liquid is poured into the low-pressure casting mold and enters the spoke shaping space preset inside the low-pressure casting mold to form a casting embryo, that is, a spoke prototype.
[0040] S5: Cooling: performing water mist cooling on the low-pressure casting mold to form a cast product.
[0041] In this step, water mist cooling uses a water mist generator and an air compressor to form a wind-water mixture to quickly cool the low-pressure casting mold to form a finished casting. It can achieve rapid solidification of the spoke casting, shorten the casting cycle, and improve production efficiency. At the same time, it makes the casting grains smaller, the microstructure more dense, and the performance strength higher. It is understandable that water mist can also be formed by an electromagnetic quantitative diaphragm pump as a cooling medium.
[0042] Through the water mist cooling process, the temperature of the low-pressure casting mold can be cooled from 480-460℃ to 420-400℃ in 30-50 seconds. The temperature of the low-pressure casting mold is reduced by about 40-80℃, which reduces the solidification time, shortens the casting cycle, and obtains casting products with excellent performance.
[0043] In order to improve the applicability of the water mist cooling process, the low-pressure casting mold used in this embodiment includes an upper mold and a lower mold; the upper mold and the lower mold are detachably connected and form a mold cavity inside to accommodate the second casting liquid; the outer surface of the upper mold is provided with a plurality of first water mist outlets; the outer surface of the lower mold is provided with a plurality of second water mist outlets.
[0044] The first water mist outlet and the second water mist outlet are both horseshoe-shaped. The wind and water mixture is blown onto the low-pressure casting mold, and the water mist is evenly distributed without splashing everywhere, which has the effect of cooling at a fixed point. Specifically, the first water mist outlet and the second water mist outlet can be equipped with air hole sleeves to reduce the consumption of water mist and achieve energy saving. The number of the first water mist outlet and the second water mist outlet is not specifically limited, and can be 6, 7, or even more.
[0045] It should be noted that the low-pressure casting mold also includes a ceramic casting pipe, a ceramic sprue sleeve and a fiber filter. The ceramic casting pipe is detachably connected to the lower mold and communicated with the mold cavity. The ceramic sprue sleeve is arranged on the lower mold, and the ceramic casting pipe, the ceramic sprue sleeve and the fiber filter are sequentially connected and communicated. The second casting liquid sequentially passes through the ceramic casting pipe, the ceramic sprue sleeve and the fiber filter into the mold cavity to form a casting embryo. It ensures that the temperature field at the ceramic sprue sleeve is effectively compensated for the overall shrinkage of the casting product. The fiber filter is used in the casting process to reduce and eliminate the oxidation inclusion defects in the casting product.
[0046] The principle of the water mist cooling process for aluminum alloy spoke processing provided in this embodiment is described below:
[0047] The outer surface of the upper mold is provided with multiple first water mist outlets for spraying water mist to cool the upper mold; the outer surface of the lower mold is provided with multiple second water mist outlets for spraying water mist to cool the lower mold; a water mist generator and an air compressor are used to form a wind-water mixture to quickly cool the low-pressure casting mold to form a cast product.
[0048] In summary, the embodiments provided by the present invention have the following main effective effects:
[0049] Aluminum alloy ingredients with a certain ratio are heated and melted to form aluminum liquid, the aluminum liquid is refined to form a first casting liquid, the first casting liquid is refined, modified and deslagging is performed to form a second casting liquid, the second casting liquid is passed into a low-pressure casting mold to form a casting embryo, and then the low-pressure casting mold is evenly and quickly cooled by water mist cooling to form a cast product. It can achieve rapid solidification of the spoke casting, shorten the casting cycle, improve production efficiency, and at the same time make the casting grains smaller, the microstructure more dense, and the performance strength higher.
[0050] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.
[0051] The above embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.
Claims
1. A water mist cooling process for aluminum alloy spoke processing, characterized in that: include: Melting: adding aluminum alloy ingredients of a preset ratio into a melting furnace, heating and melting to form aluminum liquid; Refining, introducing nitrogen into the aluminum liquid for rotary degassing and refining treatment to form a first casting liquid; Refining, adding a refiner and a modifier to the first casting liquid, and performing a slag removal process to form a second casting liquid; Casting, pouring the second casting liquid into a low-pressure casting mold to form a casting embryo; Cooling: The low-pressure casting mold is cooled by water mist to form a cast product.
2. The water mist cooling process for aluminum alloy spoke processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the cooling step, the water mist cooling is to use a water mist generator and an air compressor to form a wind-water mixture to quickly cool the low-pressure casting mold to form the cast product.
3. The water mist cooling process for aluminum alloy spoke processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-pressure casting mold includes an upper mold and a lower mold; the upper mold is detachably connected to the lower mold and forms a mold cavity inside to accommodate the second casting liquid; the outer surface of the upper mold is provided with a plurality of first water mist outlets; the outer surface of the lower mold is provided with a plurality of second water mist outlets.
4. The water mist cooling process for aluminum alloy spoke processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the smelting step, the temperature of the aluminum liquid is 710-730°C.
5. The water mist cooling process for aluminum alloy spoke processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the refining step, the refining time is 15-20 minutes.
6. The water mist cooling process for aluminum alloy spoke processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the refining step, the refining agent is Al-5Ti-B and the modifying agent is Al-10Sr.
7. The water mist cooling process for aluminum alloy spoke processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the thinning step, the temperature of forming the second casting liquid is 660°C.
8. The water mist cooling process for aluminum alloy spoke processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass percentages of the components in the preset aluminum alloy ingredients are: Si: 6.8-7.5%, Mg: 0.28-0.35%, Ti: 0.1-0.2%, Sr: 0.012-0.02%, Fe: ≤0.15%, Cu: ≤0.02%, Zn: ≤0.05%, Mn: ≤0.05%, Al: 91.66-92.808%.