Direct connection cutter driving mechanism

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of numerical control machine tool machining, and relates to a direct connection cutter driving mechanism. The driving mechanism comprises a rotary driving part, and the rotary driving part comprises a first main shaft connected with an output shaft of the rotary motor, and the knife handle is inserted into the first main shaft; the second main shaft is assembled in the sliding tool apron, the second main shaft and the first main shaft are coaxially arranged, and the sliding tool apron slides in the axial direction of the first main shaft; the cutter bar extends in the axial direction of the first main shaft, and the cutter head is inserted into the second main shaft and penetrates out of the sliding cutter holder. The axial driving part comprises a feeding motor, and an output shaft of the feeding motor is parallel to the axial direction of the first main shaft; the ball screw is connected with an output shaft of the feeding motor through a second coupler; the ball screw is sleeved with the lead screw nut in a sliding mode, and a sliding block is fixedly arranged on the lead screw nut. The sliding block is fixedly connected with the tool rest base so as to drive the whole tool to axially move. By the adoption of the direct connection structure, the series error of driving force in the transmission process is reduced, and the machining precision is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of numerical control machine tool processing and relates to a direct-connected tool driving mechanism. Background Art

[0002] In the field of mechanical processing, the locking mechanism of the tool is of vital importance. It is one of the key components to ensure both precision and efficiency during the processing. Under the traditional technical framework, the locking mechanism of the tool holder generally relies on the positioning cylinder and a set of carefully designed tension disc springs. This ingenious design enables the conical surface of the tool holder to seamlessly connect with the inner conical surface of the spindle unit, thereby achieving a stable locking effect, laying a solid foundation for subsequent precision processing.

[0003] However, this traditional structure has significant shortcomings in power transmission. Specifically, in the process of transmitting the rotational power from the main motor to the toolholder spindle, this structure usually requires the use of a set of pulleys as an intermediary, and the positioning cylinder is placed at the end of the toolholder spindle, forming a spatial offset installation with the main motor. In the actual operation process, this design will inevitably cause the cumulative effect of errors due to the multi-stage transmission involved, which will have a negative impact on the motion indexing accuracy, and ultimately affect the accuracy and overall quality of the workpiece. This is undoubtedly a major challenge for modern mechanical processing that pursues extreme precision.

[0004] Moreover, the layout of the traditional locking structure appears to be relatively scattered, and the connections between the various components are intricate, which not only greatly increases the difficulty of installation and debugging, but also seriously restricts the compactness and stability of the overall structure.

[0005] As mechanical processing develops towards high precision and high efficiency, the requirements for tool locking mechanisms are also increasing. Traditional locking structures can no longer meet the needs of modern processing technology. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a direct-connected tool drive mechanism, in which each transmission component is arranged on the same axis to reduce the series error of the driving force during the transmission process and improve the processing accuracy.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a direct-connected tool drive mechanism, comprising a rotary drive unit for driving the tool to rotate, the rotary drive unit comprising:

[0008] The first spindle is a hollow shaft connected to the output shaft of the rotating motor, and the tool holder is inserted into the first spindle and rotates synchronously with the first spindle;

[0009] The second main shaft is a hollow shaft, which is assembled in the sliding tool holder and is coaxially arranged with the first main shaft, and the sliding tool holder is configured to slide along the axial direction of the first main shaft;

[0010] The tool rod is mounted on the tool handle and extends along the axial direction of the first main shaft; the tool head is mounted on the end of the tool rod and is inserted into the second main shaft along the axial direction of the first main shaft and passes through the sliding tool seat.

[0011] Optionally, the connecting rod is slidably disposed in the axial hole of the first main shaft, and the tool handle is inserted into the axial hole of the first main shaft and connected to the connecting rod.

[0012] Optionally, a stop block is sleeved on the connecting rod, and multiple disc springs are sleeved on the middle part of the connecting rod, one end of the disc spring abuts against the shoulder of the first spindle, and the other end abuts against the stop block; when the connecting rod moves to the right under the drive of external force, the disc spring is compressed, and the connecting rod pushes the tool handle out of the axial hole of the first spindle; when the external force disappears, the connecting rod moves to the left under the action of the reset force provided by the disc spring, thereby pulling the tool handle into the axial hole of the first spindle.

[0013] Optionally, the axial hole opening of the first spindle is conical, and the tool handle is a cone, and the two form a conical surface fit.

[0014] Optionally, a pulling claw is provided at one end of the connecting rod close to the tool handle, and a pulling pin cooperating with the pulling claw is provided on the tool handle; when the connecting rod moves to the right, the pulling claw opens as the aperture of the axial hole of the first main shaft gradually increases, thereby loosening the pulling pin in the pulling claw and causing the tool handle to escape from the first main shaft; when the connecting rod moves to the left, the pulling claw gradually tightens to clamp the pulling pin, causing the tool handle to be pulled into the first main shaft.

[0015] Optionally, a plurality of limit block groups are fixed on the inner wall of the shaft hole of the first main shaft and are in sliding contact with the surface of the connecting rod, and the limit block group is located on the left side of the stopper to limit the displacement distance of the connecting rod to the left.

[0016] Optionally, the first spindle is rotatably arranged in the tool holder housing in a manner of rotating around its axis, and is connected to the rotary motor through a first coupling; a connecting disk with a cavity is arranged between the tool holder housing and the output end of the coupling.

[0017] Optionally, the pressure block is slidably arranged on the surface of the first main shaft, penetrates into the first main shaft and is fixedly connected to the connecting rod to drive the connecting rod to move in the first main shaft; a thrust cylinder is fixedly arranged in the connecting plate, and the piston rod of the thrust cylinder is directly or indirectly connected to the pressure block to push the pressure block to slide on the surface of the first main shaft, thereby driving the movement in the first main shaft.

[0018] Optionally, the tool holder housing and the sliding tool seat are both fixed on the tool holder base.

[0019] Optionally, the direct-connected tool drive mechanism of the present invention further includes an axial drive unit for driving the tool to move axially, and the axial drive unit includes:

[0020] A feed motor, wherein the output shaft thereof is parallel to the axial direction of the first main shaft;

[0021] A ball screw connected to an output shaft of the feed motor via a second coupling;

[0022] The lead screw nut and the sliding sleeve are arranged on the ball screw, and a sliding block is fixed thereon; the sliding block is fixedly connected to the tool holder base to drive the tool holder base and the first spindle, the second spindle, the sliding tool seat and the tool thereon to undergo axial displacement as a whole.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0024] The present invention proposes a direct-connected tool drive mechanism, which solves the problems of traditional tool locking mechanisms in terms of power transmission, processing accuracy and structural compactness, and brings significant beneficial effects to the field of mechanical processing.

[0025] First, the present invention reduces the series error of the driving force during the transmission process by adopting a direct connection structure. The rotary drive unit is a straight-line series structure, including a rotary motor, a first spindle, a second spindle and a tool. This design enables the rotary power to be transmitted from the main motor to the tool handle spindle more directly and accurately, thereby improving the processing accuracy. In addition, the introduction of the thrust cylinder makes the locking and loosening process of the tool more stable and reliable, further ensuring the accuracy and efficiency of the processing process.

[0026] Secondly, in terms of machining accuracy and efficiency, the direct-connected tool drive mechanism of the present invention can significantly improve the accuracy and overall quality of the workpiece. Since the error accumulation effect caused by multi-stage transmission is reduced, the present invention makes the motion indexing accuracy more accurate, thereby meeting the accuracy requirements of modern mechanical machining. At the same time, the design of the axial drive unit enables the tool to compensate for the wear length through axial tool shifting when it is worn, avoiding frequent tool changes and improving the tool life and machining efficiency.

[0027] Finally, in terms of structural compactness and stability, the direct-connected tool drive mechanism of the present invention is more compact and stable than the traditional locking structure. The connection between the various components is simpler, which reduces the difficulty of installation and debugging. At the same time, the compactness of the overall structure also makes the present invention more capable of handling high-speed and high-load processing tasks, providing a strong guarantee for stable production in the field of mechanical processing.

[0028] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described in the following description to some extent, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the following examination and study, or can be taught from the practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0030] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the direct-connected tool drive mechanism provided by the present invention.

[0031] Reference numerals:

[0032] 1-rotating motor; 2-first coupling; 3-connecting plate; 4-tool holder housing; 5-first spindle; 6-connecting rod; 7-pressure block; 8-thrust cylinder; 9-disc spring; 10-stop block; 11-limit block; 12-pull claw; 13-pull pin; 14-tool handle; 15-tool rod; 16-tool head; 17-second spindle; 18-sliding tool holder; 19-tool holder base; 20-feed motor; 21-second coupling; 22-ball screw; 23-screw nut; 24-slider. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention by specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments only illustrate the basic concept of the present invention in a schematic manner, and the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0034] Among them, the drawings are only used for illustrative explanations, and they only represent schematic diagrams rather than actual pictures, and should not be understood as limitations on the present invention. In order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of actual products. For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.

[0035] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc. indicate the orientation or position relationship, they are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the position relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a direct-connected tool driving mechanism, comprising a rotation driving part for driving the tool to rotate and an axial driving part for driving the tool to move axially.

[0037] The rotary drive unit includes a rotary motor 1 , a first spindle 5 , a second spindle 17 and tools disposed in the first spindle 5 and the second spindle 17 in a straight-line series structure.

[0038] Specifically, the first main shaft 5 is a hollow shaft, which is rotatably arranged in the tool holder housing 4, and the tool holder housing 4 is fixed on the tool holder base 19. A connecting disk 3 with a cavity is arranged between the tool holder housing 4 and the output end of the coupling. The first main shaft 5 is connected to the output end of the rotating motor 1 through the first coupling 2. The connecting rod 6 is slidably arranged in the first main shaft 5, and the pressure block 7 is arranged on the shaft body of the first main shaft 5 close to the rotating motor 1 in a manner of sliding along the axial direction of the first main shaft 5. The pressure block 7 penetrates the first main shaft 5 and is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 6 to drive the connecting rod 6 to move axially along the first main shaft 5. Further, a thrust cylinder 8 is fixed in the connecting disk 3, and the piston rod of the thrust cylinder 8 is directly or indirectly connected to the pressure block 7 to push the pressure block 7 to move axially along the first main shaft 5, and further push the connecting rod 6 to move axially along the first main shaft 5.

[0039] Furthermore, a plurality of disc springs 9 are sleeved on the middle of the rod body of the connecting rod 6, the rightmost end of the disc spring 9 abuts against the shaft shoulder of the first main shaft 5, and the stopper 10 is sleeved on the connecting rod 6 and is located at the left end of the disc spring 9. When the connecting rod 6 is displaced to the right along the axial direction of the first main shaft 5 under the drive of the thrust cylinder 8, the disc spring 9 is compressed; when the piston rod of the thrust cylinder 8 is reset, the connecting rod 6 is reset under the action of the elastic force provided by the disc spring 9. In order to limit the movement distance of the connecting rod 6 in the first main shaft 5, a plurality of limit blocks 11 groups are fixed on the inner wall of the shaft hole of the first main shaft 5 and are in sliding contact with the surface of the connecting rod 6. The limit block 11 group is located on the left side of the stopper 10 to limit the maximum distance of the connecting rod 6 moving to the left.

[0040] The opening of the first spindle 5 is conical, and the tool handle 14 is inserted into the first spindle 5 and connected to the connecting rod 6. Specifically, a pull claw 12 is provided at the rightmost end of the connecting rod 6, and a pull pin 13 matching the pull claw 12 is provided on the tool handle 14. When the piston rod of the thrust cylinder 8 is extended, the connecting rod 6 moves to the right under the drive of the pressure block 7, and the pull claw 12 opens as the axial hole diameter of the first spindle 5 gradually increases, thereby loosening the pull pin 13 in the pull claw 12, so that the tool handle 14 is disengaged from the first spindle 5, which is the loosening of the knife; when the piston rod of the thrust cylinder 8 is reset, the connecting rod 6 moves to the left under the action of the reset force of the disc spring 9, and the pull claw 12 is gradually tightened to clamp the pull pin 13, so that the tool handle 14 is pulled into the first spindle 5 and fixed in its axial hole, which is the locking of the knife.

[0041] Furthermore, the rotary drive unit also includes a second spindle 17 coaxially arranged with the first spindle 5 and a sliding tool seat 18 for assembling the second spindle 17. The tool rod 15 is connected to the tool handle 14, which extends axially along the first spindle 5. The sliding tool seat 18 is arranged on the tool holder base 19 in a manner of sliding axially along the first spindle 5, and has a tapered through hole extending axially along the first spindle. The second spindle 17 is a tapered shank spindle, which is inserted into the tapered through hole in the sliding tool seat 18 and cooperates with the conical surface of the sliding tool seat 18. The cutter head 16 is installed at the end of the tool rod 15, which is inserted into the second spindle 17 along the axial direction of the first spindle 5 and exposed from the sliding tool seat 18, and the sliding tool seat 18 drives the second spindle 17 to slide in the axial direction to adjust the exposed length of the cutter head 16 from the sliding tool seat 18.

[0042] The axial drive unit and the rotary drive unit are independent of each other, and include a feed motor 20, a second coupling 21, a ball screw 22 and a screw nut 23. The ball screw 22 is connected to the output shaft of the feed motor 20 through the second coupling 21, and the screw nut 23 is slidably sleeved on the ball screw 22. A slider 24 is fixedly arranged on the screw nut 23, which is fixedly connected to the tool holder base 19 to drive the tool holder base 19 and the first spindle 5, the second spindle 17, the sliding tool seat 18 and the tool as a whole to undergo axial displacement. During the machining process, the tool will inevitably undergo a certain degree of wear. At this time, the tool is moved a certain distance along its axial direction (i.e., axial tool displacement) through the axial drive unit to compensate for the wear length, thereby avoiding frequent tool changes and thus increasing the service life of the tool.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A direct-connected tool drive mechanism, characterized in that: The invention comprises a rotary drive unit for driving the tool to rotate, wherein the rotary drive unit comprises: The first main shaft (5) is a hollow shaft connected to the output shaft of the rotating motor (1); the tool handle (14) is inserted into the first main shaft (5) and rotates synchronously with the first main shaft (5); The second main shaft (17) is a hollow shaft, which is assembled in the sliding knife seat (18) and is arranged coaxially with the first main shaft (5), and the sliding knife seat (18) is configured to slide along the axial direction of the first main shaft (5); The tool rod (15) is mounted on the tool handle (14) and extends along the axial direction of the first main shaft (5); the tool head (16) is mounted on the end of the tool rod (15), and is inserted into the second main shaft (17) along the axial direction of the first main shaft (5) and passes through the sliding tool seat (18).

2. The direct-connected tool drive mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting rod (6) is slidably arranged in the shaft hole of the first main shaft (5), and the knife handle (14) is inserted into the shaft hole of the first main shaft (5) and connected to the connecting rod (6).

3. The direct-connected tool drive mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stopper (10) is sleeved on the connecting rod (6), and a plurality of disc springs (9) are sleeved on the middle part of the connecting rod (6). One end of the disc spring (9) abuts against the shoulder of the first main shaft (5), and the other end abuts against the stopper (10); When the connecting rod (6) moves to the right under the influence of an external force, the disc spring (9) is compressed, and the connecting rod (6) pushes the knife handle (14) to disengage from the axial hole of the first main shaft (5); when the external force disappears, the connecting rod (6) moves to the left under the action of the restoring force provided by the disc spring (9), thereby pulling the knife handle (14) to be inserted into the axial hole of the first main shaft (5).

4. The direct-connected tool drive mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial hole opening of the first main shaft (5) is conical, and the tool handle (14) is a cone, and the two form a conical surface match.

5. The direct-connected tool drive mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: A pull claw (12) is arranged at one end of the connecting rod (6) close to the knife handle (14), and a pull nail (13) matching with the pull claw (12) is arranged on the knife handle (14); When the connecting rod (6) moves to the right, the pull claw (12) opens as the diameter of the axial hole of the first main shaft (5) gradually increases, thereby loosening the pull nail (13) in the pull claw (12), so that the tool handle (14) is disengaged from the first main shaft (5); When the connecting rod (6) moves to the left, the pulling claw (12) is gradually tightened to clamp the pulling nail (13), so that the tool handle (14) is pulled into the first main shaft (5).

6. The direct-connected tool drive mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of limit blocks (11) are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the shaft hole of the first main shaft (5) and are in sliding contact with the surface of the connecting rod (6). The limit blocks (11) are located on the left side of the stop block (10) to limit the displacement distance of the connecting rod (6) to the left.

7. The direct-connected tool drive mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first main shaft (5) is rotatably arranged in the tool holder housing (4) in a manner of rotating around its axis, and is connected to the rotary motor (1) via a first coupling (2); a connecting disk (3) having a cavity is arranged between the tool holder housing (4) and the output end of the coupling.

8. The direct-connected tool drive mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pressing block (7) is slidably arranged on the surface of the first main shaft (5), penetrates the first main shaft (5) and is fixedly connected to the connecting rod (6) to drive the connecting rod (6) to move in the first main shaft (5); a thrust cylinder (8) is fixedly arranged in the connecting plate (3), and the piston rod of the thrust cylinder (8) is directly or indirectly connected to the pressing block (7) to push the pressing block (7) to slide on the surface of the first main shaft (5), thereby driving the pressing block (7) to move in the first main shaft (5).

9. The direct-connected tool drive mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that: The tool holder housing (4) and the sliding tool seat (18) are both fixedly arranged on the tool holder base (19).

10. The direct-connected tool drive mechanism according to claim 9, characterized in that: Also included is an axial drive unit for driving the tool to move axially, which includes: A feed motor (20), the output shaft of which is parallel to the axial direction of the first main shaft (5); A ball screw (22) connected to an output shaft of a feed motor (20) via a second coupling (21); A lead screw nut (23) is slidingly sleeved on the ball screw (22) and has a slider (24) fixed thereon; The slide block (24) is fixedly connected to the tool holder base (19) to drive the tool holder base (19) and the first spindle (5), the second spindle (17), the sliding tool seat (18) and the tool thereon to undergo axial displacement as a whole.

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