Self-adaptive suspension and damping device of forklift

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of suspension systems, and discloses a forklift self-adaptive suspension and damping device which comprises an axle, an axle penetrates through the middle of the axle and is rotationally connected with the axle, and wheels are installed at one end of the axle; the suspension structure is arranged at the top of the axle and comprises a first damping spring, a hydraulic cylinder and a three-way pipe, the hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the top of the axle, a second damping spring is installed at the top of the hydraulic cylinder, and the outer wall of the hydraulic cylinder is sleeved with the first damping spring; according to the device, a first damping spring and a second damping spring are used for damping together, the damping capacity is enhanced, when a piston extrudes a touch rod, the touch rod touches a switch to enable a hydraulic pump to work, at the moment, a through hole corresponds to an upper pipeline of a three-way pipe, the hydraulic pump pumps hydraulic oil into a hydraulic cylinder through the three-way pipe, and a piston rod drives the first damping spring to stretch; the length is increased, the compressible distance is increased, and the situation that the vehicle driving stability and the comfort of a driver are affected due to excessive compression of a suspension system is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of suspension systems, and in particular to an adaptive suspension and shock absorbing device for a forklift. Background Art

[0002] The suspension system is a general term for all force-transmitting connection devices between the vehicle frame and the axle or wheel. Its function is to transmit the force acting between the wheel and the frame, cushion the impact force transmitted to the frame or body by the uneven road surface, and attenuate the vibration caused thereby to ensure that the vehicle can run smoothly. Forklifts are also equipped with suspension and shock-absorbing devices.

[0003] However, during the process of forklift assembling goods, as the load of the forklift increases, the body of the forklift will sink, which will generate additional pressure and load on the suspension system, causing deformation or excessive compression of the suspension system, affecting the vehicle's driving stability and the comfort of the driver.

[0004] In view of the above problems, a forklift adaptive suspension and shock absorbing device is provided. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an adaptive suspension and shock absorbing device for a forklift, which solves the problem in the background technology that the current forklift suspension will cause the body to sink as the forklift load increases, which will generate additional pressure and load on the suspension system, causing deformation or excessive compression of the suspension system, affecting the vehicle's driving stability and the driver's comfort.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: an adaptive suspension and shock absorbing device for a forklift, comprising: an axle, an axle passing through the middle of the axle and rotatably connected, and a wheel is installed at one end of the axle; a suspension structure, the suspension structure is arranged on the top of the axle, the suspension structure comprises a shock absorbing spring 1, a hydraulic cylinder and a tee pipe, a hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the top of the axle, a shock absorbing spring 2 is installed on the top of the hydraulic cylinder, a shock absorbing spring 1 is sleeved on the outer wall of the hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic pump is arranged on one side of the hydraulic cylinder, the output end of the hydraulic pump is connected to the tee pipe, and the top of one side of the tee pipe is fixedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder; an oil storage tank, an oil storage tank is fixedly connected to the bottom of one side of the tee pipe, and the oil storage tank is fixedly connected to the top of the axle; a valve core, a valve core is passed through the middle of the tee pipe and rotatably connected, a pull rod is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the valve core, and the top of the pull rod is hinged to the top of the connecting rod 1, and a through hole is opened at the bottom of the valve core; a switch, a switch is passed through and installed on one side of the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution: a piston is passed through the middle of the hydraulic cylinder and is slidably connected, and a piston rod is fixedly connected to the top of the piston.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution: a bevel gear 1 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one side of the axle, a bevel gear 2 is arranged on the top of the bevel gear 1, and the bevel gear 2 is meshingly connected to the bevel gear 1, a connecting ring is fixedly connected to the top of the bevel gear 2, a lower connecting plate is passed through and fixedly connected to the middle bottom of the connecting ring, a uniformly distributed limiting column is passed through and slidably connected to the top of the lower connecting plate, a spring 2 is sleeved on the outer wall of the limiting column, an upper connecting plate is passed through and rotatably connected to the middle top of the connecting ring, and uniformly distributed wedge blocks are fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper connecting plate.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution: a telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the top of the upper connecting plate, a tension spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the telescopic rod, a connecting column is rotatably connected to the top of the telescopic rod, an evenly distributed slide groove 1 is opened on the outside of the connecting column, and an annular slide groove 2 is opened on the outside of the connecting column at the bottom of the slide groove 1, a rotating sleeve is fixedly connected to the top of the upper connecting plate, and evenly distributed sliders are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotating sleeve, and the sliders cooperate with the slide grooves 1 and 2.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution: the top of the connecting column is fixedly connected to a hinge seat, and the top of the hinge seat is hinged to a connecting rod 1.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution: the switch is electrically connected to the hydraulic pump.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution: a spring 1 is passed through the middle of the oil storage tank and is provided therein, a partition is fixedly connected to the top of the spring 1, and the partition passes through and is slidably connected to the middle of the oil storage tank.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution: a groove is provided on the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder, and the switch is located in the groove, a connecting plate 1 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder at the end of the groove, a touch rod passes through the middle of the connecting plate 1 and is slidably connected, an end of the touch rod away from the connecting plate 1 is fixedly connected to a connecting plate 2, and the connecting plate 2 passes through and is slidably connected to the hydraulic cylinder, a spring 3 is sleeved on the outer wall of the touch rod, one end of the spring 3 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 1, and the other end of the spring 3 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 2.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In the present invention, when the forklift is loaded with goods, the forklift sinks as the load increases, the shock absorbing spring 2 is compressed, and then the shock absorbing spring is used together to reduce the shock, and the shock absorbing spring 1 and the shock absorbing spring 2 are used together to reduce the shock, thereby enhancing the shock absorbing capacity. When the piston squeezes the touch rod, the touch rod touches the switch to make the hydraulic pump work. At this time, the through hole corresponds to the upper pipeline of the three-way pipe, and the hydraulic pump pumps hydraulic oil into the hydraulic cylinder through the three-way pipe, so that the piston rod drives the shock absorbing spring 1 to stretch, thereby increasing its length and the compressible distance, thereby avoiding deformation or excessive compression of the suspension system to affect the driving stability of the vehicle and the comfort of the driver.

[0015] 2. In the present invention, when the vehicle is running, the wheel drives the axle to rotate the bevel gear 1, and the bevel gear 1 drives the bevel gear 2 to drive the lower connecting plate to rotate. The lower connecting plate and the spring 2 are locked to rotate the rotating sleeve. Under the cooperation of the slider and the slide groove 1, the connecting column moves upward, so that the connecting rod 1 pushes the pull rod upward, so that the through hole corresponds to the lower pipeline of the tee pipe, and the hydraulic oil can flow into the oil storage tank for temporary storage. At the same time, the slider continues to move in the slide groove 2 to limit the valve core and ensure that the hydraulic oil flows into the oil storage tank.

[0016] 3. In the present invention, when parking, the tension spring pulls the connecting column downward, and the slider enters into the slide groove, driving the rotating sleeve to rotate. The connecting column drives the connecting rod to move downward to make the pull rod move downward, so that the through hole corresponds to the upper pipe of the tee pipe, so that the hydraulic oil can flow into the hydraulic cylinder. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of a forklift adaptive suspension and shock absorbing device proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a hydraulic cylinder of a forklift adaptive suspension and shock absorbing device proposed by the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of a rotating sleeve of a forklift adaptive suspension and shock absorbing device proposed by the present invention; Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of an oil storage tank of a forklift adaptive suspension and shock absorbing device proposed by the present invention; Figure 6 A sectional view of a three-way pipe of a forklift adaptive suspension and shock absorbing device proposed by the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a lower connecting plate of a forklift adaptive suspension and shock absorbing device proposed by the present invention.

[0018] Legend: 1. Axle; 2. Wheel; 3. Suspension structure; 301. Shock absorber spring 1; 302. Hydraulic cylinder; 303. Tee pipe; 304. Hydraulic pump; 305. Switch; 306. Piston; 307. Piston rod; 308. Spring 3; 309. Touch rod; 310. Connecting plate 1; 311. Connecting plate 2; 4. Bevel gear 1; 5. Axle; 6. Bevel gear 2; 7. Connecting ring; 8. Rotating sleeve Cylinder; 9, telescopic rod; 10, slider; 11, hinged seat; 12, connecting rod one; 13, slide slot one; 14, slide slot two; 15, tension spring; 16, oil storage tank; 17, partition; 18, spring one; 19, pull rod; 20, valve core; 21, through hole; 22, upper connecting plate; 23, wedge block; 24, limit column; 25, spring two; 26, lower connecting plate; 27, connecting column; 28, shock-absorbing spring two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In order to further understand the content of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 6, an embodiment of the present invention: an adaptive suspension and shock absorbing device for a forklift, comprising: an adaptive suspension and shock absorbing device for a forklift, comprising: an axle 1, an axle 5 passing through the middle of the axle 1 and rotatably connected, a wheel 2 is installed at one end of the axle 5; a suspension structure 3, the suspension structure 3 is arranged on the top of the axle 1, the suspension structure 3 comprises a shock absorbing spring 1 301, a hydraulic cylinder 302 and a three-way pipe 303, a hydraulic cylinder 302 is arranged on the top of the axle 1, a shock absorbing spring 28 is installed on the top of the hydraulic cylinder 302, a shock absorbing spring 1 301 is sleeved on the outer wall of the hydraulic cylinder 302, when loading goods, the forklift sinks as the load increases, the shock absorbing spring 28 is compressed, and then the shock absorbing spring 1 301 plays a shock absorbing role, thereby enhancing the shock absorbing capacity, a hydraulic pump 304 is arranged on one side of the hydraulic cylinder 302, the output end of the hydraulic pump 304 is connected to the three-way pipe 303, and the three-way pipe 303 The top of one side is fixedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder 302, and the hydraulic pump 304 pumps the hydraulic oil into the hydraulic cylinder 302 through the three-way pipe 303, so that the piston rod 307 drives the shock-absorbing spring 301 to stretch, thereby increasing its length and the compressible distance, thereby avoiding deformation or excessive compression of the suspension system affecting the driving stability of the vehicle and the comfort of the driver; the oil storage tank 16, the bottom of one side of the three-way pipe 303 is fixedly connected with the oil storage tank 16, and the oil storage tank 16 is fixedly connected to the top of the axle 1. When the car is driving, the hydraulic pump 304 flows the hydraulic oil into the oil storage tank 16 for temporary storage; the valve core 20, the valve core 20 is penetrated and rotatably connected in the middle of the three-way pipe 303, the top side of the valve core 20 is fixedly connected with the pull rod 19, and the top of the pull rod 19 is hinged to the top of the connecting rod 12, and the bottom of the valve core 20 is provided with a through hole 21; the switch 305, the switch 305 is penetrated and installed on one side of the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder 302.

[0022] Combination Figure 2 A piston 306 runs through the middle of the hydraulic cylinder 302 and is slidably connected thereto. A piston rod 307 is fixedly connected to the top of the piston 306 . The piston rod 307 drives the piston 306 to move downward so that it touches the touch rod 309 .

[0023] Combination Figure 4 and Figure 7 The outer wall of one side of the axle 5 is fixedly connected with a bevel gear 4, and a bevel gear 2 6 is arranged on the top of the bevel gear 4, and the bevel gear 2 6 is meshed with the bevel gear 4, and a connecting ring 7 is fixedly connected to the top of the bevel gear 2 6, and a lower connecting plate 26 is passed through and fixedly connected to the middle bottom of the connecting ring 7, and the top of the lower connecting plate 26 is passed through and slidably connected with uniformly distributed limiting columns 24, and the outer wall of the limiting column 24 is sleeved with a spring 25, and an upper connecting plate 22 is passed through and rotatably connected to the middle top of the connecting ring 7, and the bottom of the upper connecting plate 22 is fixedly connected with uniformly distributed wedges 23. When the vehicle is driving, the wheel 2 drives the axle 5 to rotate the bevel gear 4, and the bevel gear 4 causes the bevel gear 2 6 to drive the lower connecting plate 26 to rotate, and the lower connecting plate 26 is stuck with the spring 2 25 to rotate the rotating sleeve 8.

[0024] Combination Figure 4 and Figure 7 The top of the upper connecting plate 22 is fixedly connected to the telescopic rod 9, and the outer wall of the telescopic rod 9 is sleeved with a tension spring 15. When the axle 5 stops rotating, the tension spring 15 pulls the connecting column 27 down, and the slider 10 enters the slide groove 13, so that the rotating sleeve 8 rotates, and the connecting column 27 drives the connecting rod 12 to move downward to make the pull rod 19 move downward, so that the through hole 21 corresponds to the upper pipeline of the three-way pipe 303, so that the hydraulic oil can flow into the hydraulic cylinder 302, and the top of the telescopic rod 9 is rotatably connected to the connecting column 27, and the connecting column 2 7 is provided with evenly distributed slide grooves 13 on the outside, and an annular slide groove 2 14 is provided at the bottom of the slide groove 1 13 on the outside of the connecting column 27. A rotating sleeve 8 is fixedly connected to the top of the upper connecting plate 22, and evenly distributed sliders 10 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rotating sleeve 8, and the sliders 10 cooperate with the slide grooves 13 and the slide grooves 2 14. Under the cooperation of the sliders 10 and the slide grooves 13, the connecting column 27 moves upward, and then the slider 10 continues to move in the slide groove 2 14 to limit the valve core 20.

[0025] Combination Figure 4 The top of the connecting column 27 is fixedly connected to the hinge seat 11, and the top of the hinge seat 11 is hinged to the connecting rod 12. The connecting column 27 drives the connecting rod 12 to move, so that the connecting rod 12 drives the pull rod 19 to move.

[0026] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 3 The switch 305 is electrically connected to the hydraulic pump 304 , and the operation of the hydraulic pump 304 is controlled by the switch 305 .

[0027] Combination Figure 5 A spring 18 is provided through the middle of the oil storage tank 16, a partition 17 is fixedly connected to the top of the spring 18, and the partition 17 is passed through and slidably connected to the middle of the oil storage tank 16, and the pumped hydraulic oil is returned to the hydraulic pump 304 through the spring 18.

[0028] Combination Figure 3 A groove is provided on the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder 302, and the switch 305 is located in the groove. A connecting plate 1 310 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder 302 at the end of the groove. A touch rod 309 runs through the middle of the connecting plate 1 310 and is slidably connected. A connecting plate 2 311 is fixedly connected to the end of the touch rod 309 away from the connecting plate 1 310, and the connecting plate 2 311 runs through and is slidably connected to the hydraulic cylinder 302. A spring 308 is sleeved on the outer wall of the touch rod 309, one end of the spring 308 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 1 310, and the other end of the spring 308 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 2 311. When the piston 306 squeezes the touch rod 309, the connecting plate 2 311 touches the switch 305 to make the hydraulic pump 304 work.

[0029] Working principle: When loading goods, the forklift sinks as the load increases, the shock absorbing spring 28 is compressed, and then the shock absorbing spring 301 plays a shock absorbing role to enhance the shock absorbing capacity. When the piston 306 squeezes the touch rod 309, the connecting plate 2 311 touches the switch 305 to make the hydraulic pump 304 work. The hydraulic pump 304 pumps the hydraulic oil into the hydraulic cylinder 302 through the three-way pipe 303, so that the piston rod 307 drives the shock absorbing spring 301 to stretch, so that its length increases, and the compressible distance increases, so as to avoid deformation or excessive compression of the suspension system affecting the vehicle's driving stability and the driver's comfort. When the vehicle is driving, the wheel 2 drives the axle 5 to rotate the bevel gear 4, and the bevel gear 4 drives the bevel gear 2 6 to drive the lower connecting The plate 26 rotates, and the lower connecting plate 26 and the spring 25 are stuck to make the rotating sleeve 8 rotate. Under the cooperation of the slider 10 and the slide groove 13, the connecting column 27 moves upward, driving the connecting rod 12 to push the pull rod 19 upward, so that the through hole 21 corresponds to the lower pipeline of the three-way pipe 303, so that the hydraulic oil flows into the oil storage tank 16 for temporary storage, and the slider 10 continues to move in the slide groove 14 to limit the valve core 20. When the axle 5 stops rotating, the tension spring 15 pulls the connecting column 27 down, and the slider 10 enters the slide groove 13 to make the rotating sleeve 8 rotate. The connecting column 27 drives the connecting rod 12 to move downward to push the pull rod 19 downward, so that the through hole 21 corresponds to the upper pipeline of the three-way pipe 303, so that the hydraulic oil can flow into the hydraulic cylinder 302.

[0030] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forklift adaptive suspension and shock absorbing device, characterized in that: include: A vehicle bridge (1), wherein an axle (5) passes through the middle of the vehicle bridge (1) and is rotatably connected thereto, and a wheel (2) is mounted on one end of the axle (5); A suspension structure (3), the suspension structure (3) being arranged on the top of the vehicle bridge (1), the suspension structure (3) comprising a first shock absorbing spring (301), a hydraulic cylinder (302) and a three-way pipe (303), the hydraulic cylinder (302) being arranged on the top of the vehicle bridge (1), a second shock absorbing spring (28) being installed on the top of the hydraulic cylinder (302), a first shock absorbing spring (301) being sleeved on the outer wall of the hydraulic cylinder (302), a hydraulic pump (304) being arranged on one side of the hydraulic cylinder (302), an output end of the hydraulic pump (304) being connected to the three-way pipe (303), and a top of one side of the three-way pipe (303) being fixedly connected to the hydraulic cylinder (302); An oil storage tank (16), the bottom of one side of the three-way pipe (303) is fixedly connected to the oil storage tank (16), and the oil storage tank (16) is fixedly connected to the top of the axle (1); The valve core (20) is passed through the middle of the three-way pipe (303) and is rotatably connected to the valve core (20). A pull rod (19) is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the valve core (20), and the top of the pull rod (19) is hinged to the top of the connecting rod (12). A through hole (21) is opened at the bottom of the valve core (20); A switch (305) is installed on one side of the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder (302).

2. The forklift adaptive suspension and shock absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A piston (306) passes through the middle of the hydraulic cylinder (302) and is slidably connected thereto, and a piston rod (307) is fixedly connected to the top of the piston (306).

3. The forklift adaptive suspension and shock absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of one side of the axle (5) is fixedly connected with a bevel gear 1 (4), a bevel gear 2 (6) is arranged on the top of the bevel gear 1 (4), and the bevel gear 2 (6) is meshed with the bevel gear 1 (4), a connecting ring (7) is fixedly connected to the top of the bevel gear 2 (6), a lower connecting plate (26) is passed through and fixedly connected to the middle bottom of the connecting ring (7), the top of the lower connecting plate (26) is passed through and slidably connected with uniformly distributed limiting columns (24), the outer wall of the limiting column (24) is sleeved with a spring 2 (25), the middle top of the connecting ring (7) is passed through and rotatably connected with an upper connecting plate (22), and the bottom of the upper connecting plate (22) is fixedly connected with uniformly distributed wedge blocks (23).

4. The forklift adaptive suspension and shock absorbing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the upper connecting plate (22) is fixedly connected to a telescopic rod (9), the outer wall of the telescopic rod (9) is sleeved with a tension spring (15), the top of the telescopic rod (9) is rotatably connected to a connecting column (27), the outer side of the connecting column (27) is provided with evenly distributed slide grooves (13), the outer side of the connecting column (27) is provided with an annular slide groove (14) at the bottom of the slide groove (13), the top of the upper connecting plate (22) is fixedly connected to a rotating sleeve (8), the inner wall of the rotating sleeve (8) is fixedly connected to evenly distributed sliders (10), and the sliders (10) cooperate with the slide grooves (13) and the slide grooves (14).

5. The forklift adaptive suspension and shock absorbing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top of the connecting column (27) is fixedly connected to a hinge seat (11), and the top of the hinge seat (11) is hinged to a connecting rod 1 (12).

6. The forklift adaptive suspension and shock absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switch (305) is electrically connected to the hydraulic pump (304).

7. The forklift adaptive suspension and shock absorbing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A spring 1 (18) is provided through the middle of the oil storage tank (16), a partition plate (17) is fixedly connected to the top of the spring 1 (18), and the partition plate (17) is passed through and slidably connected to the middle of the oil storage tank (16).

8. The forklift adaptive suspension and shock absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder (302) is provided with a groove, and the switch (305) is located in the groove. The inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder (302) is fixedly connected to a connecting plate 1 (310) at the end of the groove. A touch rod (309) passes through the middle of the connecting plate 1 (310) and is slidably connected. An end of the touch rod (309) away from the connecting plate 1 (310) is fixedly connected to a connecting plate 2 (311), and the connecting plate 2 (311) passes through and is slidably connected to the hydraulic cylinder (302). A spring 3 (308) is sleeved on the outer wall of the touch rod (309), one end of the spring 3 (308) is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 1 (310), and the other end of the spring 3 (308) is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 2 (311).

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