Fig polysaccharide extract as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a fig polysaccharide extract and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of fig extraction.The preparation method of the fig polysaccharide extract comprises the following steps that figs are smashed and then subjected to degreasing treatment, and a first material is obtained; adding the first material into water, and carrying out microwave pre-extraction to obtain a second material; carrying out heating water extraction treatment on the second material to obtain a third material; carrying out centrifugal separation on the third material, and concentrating the obtained extracting solution to obtain an extract; and carrying out alcohol precipitation on the extract, and washing and drying the obtained polysaccharide precipitate to obtain the fig polysaccharide extract. According to the method, the functional components of the figs are effectively extracted through the alternating microwave pre-extraction-heating water extraction treatment combined technology, the fig polysaccharide extract is prepared, operation is easy, the production cost is reduced, and favorable conditions are provided for industrial application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fig extraction, in particular to a fig polysaccharide extract and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Fig is a fruit of the genus Ficus in the Moraceae family that is widely grown around the world. It not only has rich nutritional value, but also contains a variety of biologically active ingredients, such as polysaccharides, flavonoids, vitamins, minerals, etc. In recent years, with the growing demand for natural health products, the application of figs and their extracts in the fields of health foods, functional foods and medicines has received widespread attention.

[0003] As an important active ingredient in figs, polysaccharides have multiple biological functions, such as immunomodulation, anti-oxidation, hypoglycemic, and weight loss. However, traditional polysaccharide extraction methods often have problems such as low extraction rate, complex operation, and high cost, which are difficult to meet the needs of large-scale industrial production. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to develop an efficient, simple, and low-cost method for extracting polysaccharides from figs.

[0004] At present, there are many methods for extracting fig polysaccharides, including hot water extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction, enzyme extraction, etc. These methods have their own advantages and disadvantages. For example, hot water extraction is simple to operate but has a low extraction rate, ultrasound-assisted extraction has a high extraction rate but high equipment cost, and enzyme extraction has high extraction efficiency but is complex to operate and is easily affected by enzyme activity. Therefore, finding an extraction method that can both improve the extraction rate and reduce the cost has become a research hotspot. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a fig polysaccharide extract and a preparation method and application thereof.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a fig polysaccharide extract, the method for preparing the fig polysaccharide extract comprising the following steps:

[0007] The figs are crushed and then defatted to obtain a first material;

[0008] Adding the first material into water for microwave pre-extraction to obtain a second material;

[0009] The second material is subjected to a heating and water extraction treatment to obtain a third material;

[0010] The third material is centrifuged and then the obtained extract is concentrated to obtain an extract;

[0011] The extract is subjected to alcohol precipitation, and then the obtained polysaccharide precipitate is washed and dried to obtain the fig polysaccharide extract;

[0012] Wherein, the microwave pre-extraction includes the following process: performing alternating microwave treatment under the conditions of a first microwave power of 800-1100W and a second microwave power of 200-500W.

[0013] Furthermore, the total number of alternating microwave treatments is 6 to 10 times, and the duration of each microwave treatment is 3 to 5 minutes.

[0014] Furthermore, the degreasing process includes the following steps:

[0015] The crushed figs are added into 85-95% ethanol in a volume fraction of 5-10 times the weight of the figs, heated and refluxed, and then filtered and the filter residue is collected and dried to obtain the first material.

[0016] Furthermore, the working condition parameters of the heating reflux include: a temperature of 85 to 92° C. and a time of 60 to 90 minutes.

[0017] Furthermore, the weight ratio of the first material to the water is 1:(5-10).

[0018] Furthermore, the working condition parameters of the heating water extraction treatment include: the heating water extraction treatment temperature is 80-90° C., and the heating water extraction treatment time is 2-3 hours.

[0019] Further, the alcohol precipitation comprises the following process:

[0020] The extract is added into ethanol and stirred to mix, and the volume concentration of ethanol is maintained at 75-80%, and then placed in a 4° C. environment for 12-24 hours, and finally centrifuged to collect polysaccharide precipitation.

[0021] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a fig polysaccharide extract, wherein the fig polysaccharide extract is prepared by the preparation method described in any one of the first aspects.

[0022] In a third aspect, the present invention provides use of the fig polysaccharide extract described in any one of the second aspects in improving the reproductive performance of sows.

[0023] Furthermore, the improving the reproductive performance of sows includes increasing the birth weight of piglets.

[0024] The above technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0025] The embodiment of the present invention provides a fig polysaccharide extract and a preparation method and application thereof. The present invention effectively extracts the effective components of figs through an alternating microwave pre-extraction-heating water extraction treatment combined technical process to prepare a fig polysaccharide extract, which is simple to operate, reduces production costs, and provides favorable conditions for industrial application.

[0026] Specifically:

[0027] 1. Technical Principle

[0028] Crushing and defatting:

[0029] Crushing: Figs are crushed to increase their surface area, making the subsequent extraction process more efficient; crushed fig particles are more easily exposed to water or other solvents, thereby increasing the dissolution rate of polysaccharides.

[0030] Degreasing: Figs contain a certain amount of fat, which may affect the purity of polysaccharides during the extraction process. Therefore, most of the fat can be removed through degreasing treatment, providing a purer raw material for subsequent polysaccharide extraction.

[0031] Microwave pre-extraction:

[0032] Microwave effect: Microwave heating is an efficient and fast heating method. During the microwave pre-extraction process, the fig material is rapidly heated up under the action of microwaves, and the pressure difference inside and outside the cells increases, causing the cell wall to rupture, making it easier for effective ingredients such as polysaccharides to be released.

[0033] Alternating microwave treatment: Using the first microwave power (800-1100W) and the second microwave power (200-500W) for alternating microwave treatment can more effectively destroy the cell wall structure and avoid polysaccharide degradation caused by local overheating. High-power microwaves can heat up quickly, while low-power microwaves help maintain the appropriate temperature. Alternating microwave treatments of the two make the extraction process more effective.

[0034] Heating water extraction treatment:

[0035] Hot water extraction: After microwave pre-extraction, the material has partially released polysaccharides. At this time, heating water extraction can further improve the extraction rate of polysaccharides. Hot water extraction uses the temperature difference to dissolve the polysaccharides in the cells in water to form an extract.

[0036] Optimization of extraction conditions: The effect of heated water extraction is affected by many factors, such as extraction temperature, time, solid-liquid ratio, etc. By optimizing these conditions, the extraction rate and purity of polysaccharides can be further improved.

[0037] Centrifugation and concentration:

[0038] Centrifugal separation: Centrifugal separation of the extract can remove solid impurities and insoluble components to obtain a relatively pure extract.

[0039] Concentration: Concentrating the extract after centrifugation can reduce the volume and time of subsequent processing while increasing the concentration of polysaccharides.

[0040] Alcohol precipitation, washing and drying:

[0041] Alcohol precipitation: Adding alcohol solvents such as ethanol to the concentrated extract can cause polysaccharides to precipitate. This is because the solubility of polysaccharides in alcohol solvents is low, so they can be separated by alcohol precipitation.

[0042] Washing and drying: The polysaccharide precipitate can be washed to remove the alcohol solvent and other impurities attached to its surface, and then the final fig polysaccharide extract is obtained by drying.

[0043] 2. Mutual synergy mechanism

[0044] Synergistic effect of crushing and defatting: The crushing process increases the surface area of ​​the figs, while the defatting process removes impurities such as fat. The two work together to provide a purer and easier-to-extract raw material for subsequent polysaccharide extraction.

[0045] Synergistic effect of microwave pre-extraction and heated water extraction: Microwave pre-extraction quickly destroys the cell wall structure, making it easier to release effective ingredients such as polysaccharides; while heated water extraction further improves the extraction rate of polysaccharides. The synergistic effect of the two can significantly improve the extraction efficiency and purity of polysaccharides.

[0046] Synergistic effect of centrifugation and concentration: Centrifugation removes solid impurities and insoluble components in the extract, while concentration reduces the volume and time of subsequent processing. The synergistic effect of the two provides a purer and more concentrated extract for subsequent polysaccharide precipitation and drying.

[0047] Synergistic effect of alcohol precipitation, washing and drying: alcohol precipitation causes polysaccharides to precipitate, washing removes impurities and alcohol solvents attached to the surface of the precipitate, and drying obtains the final fig polysaccharide extract. The synergistic effect of the three ensures the purity and quality of the final product.

[0048] In summary, the preparation method of the fig polysaccharide extract achieves the goal of extracting fig polysaccharides efficiently and quickly through the synergistic effect of multiple steps. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] Unless otherwise specified, various raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in the present invention can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.

[0051] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a fig polysaccharide extract, the method for preparing the fig polysaccharide extract comprising the following steps:

[0052] The figs are crushed and then defatted to obtain a first material;

[0053] Adding the first material into water for microwave pre-extraction to obtain a second material;

[0054] The second material is subjected to a heating and water extraction treatment to obtain a third material;

[0055] The third material is centrifuged and then the obtained extract is concentrated to obtain an extract;

[0056] The extract is subjected to alcohol precipitation, and then the obtained polysaccharide precipitate is washed and dried to obtain the fig polysaccharide extract;

[0057] Wherein, the microwave pre-extraction includes the following process: performing alternating microwave treatment under the conditions of a first microwave power of 800-1100W and a second microwave power of 200-500W.

[0058] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing a fig polysaccharide extract. The present invention effectively extracts the effective components of figs through an alternating microwave pre-extraction-heating water extraction treatment combined technical process, thereby preparing a fig polysaccharide extract, which is simple to operate, reduces production costs, and provides favorable conditions for industrial application.

[0059] In some specific embodiments, the total number of alternating microwave treatments is 6 to 10 times, and the duration of each microwave treatment is 3 to 5 minutes.

[0060] In some specific embodiments, the degreasing process includes the following steps:

[0061] The crushed figs are added into 85-95% ethanol in a volume fraction of 5-10 times the weight of the figs, heated and refluxed, and then filtered and the filter residue is collected and dried to obtain the first material.

[0062] In some specific embodiments, the working condition parameters of the heating reflux include: a temperature of 85 to 92° C. and a time of 60 to 90 minutes.

[0063] In some specific embodiments, the weight ratio of the first material to the water is 1:(5-10).

[0064] In some specific embodiments, the working condition parameters of the heated water extraction treatment include: the heated water extraction treatment temperature is 80-90° C., and the heated water extraction treatment time is 2-3 hours.

[0065] In some specific embodiments, the alcohol precipitation comprises the following process:

[0066] The extract is added into ethanol and stirred to mix, and the volume concentration of ethanol is maintained at 75-80%, and then placed in a 4° C. environment for 12-24 hours, and finally centrifuged to collect polysaccharide precipitation.

[0067] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a fig polysaccharide extract, wherein the fig polysaccharide extract is prepared by the preparation method described in any one of the first aspects.

[0068] In a third aspect, the present invention provides use of the fig polysaccharide extract described in any one of the second aspects in improving the reproductive performance of sows.

[0069] In some specific embodiments, improving the reproductive performance of sows comprises increasing the birth weight of piglets.

[0070] It should be noted that the components and raw materials involved in the fig polysaccharide extract and its preparation method and application provided by the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise specified or specified, can be directly commercially available products or homemade using existing public preparation methods; at the same time, the steps and parameters involved, unless otherwise specified or specified, can be carried out according to the existing processing technology of fig polysaccharide extract or directly carried out using existing equipment, and the present invention document will not repeat them one by one.

[0071] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The experimental methods in the following examples that do not specify specific conditions are usually measured according to national standards. If there is no corresponding national standard, then the conditions recommended by the manufacturer are followed.

[0072] Example 1

[0073] This example provides a fig polysaccharide extract, and the preparation method of the fig polysaccharide extract comprises the following steps:

[0074] The figs are crushed, and then 90% ethanol with a volume fraction of 8 times the weight of the figs is added for heating and reflux degreasing treatment at a temperature of 88° C. for 75 minutes to obtain a first material;

[0075] The first material is added into water which is 7 times of the weight of the first material, and subjected to alternating microwave treatment under the conditions of a first microwave power of 900 W and a second microwave power of 300 W, wherein the total number of alternating microwave treatments is 8 times, wherein the first microwave power is subjected to microwave treatment 4 times, each microwave treatment time is 4 minutes, and the second microwave power is subjected to microwave treatment 4 times, each microwave treatment time is 4 minutes, to obtain a second material;

[0076] The second material is subjected to a heating water extraction treatment, wherein the heating water extraction treatment temperature is 85° C. and the heating water extraction treatment time is 2.5 hours to obtain a third material;

[0077] The third material is centrifuged and then the obtained extract is concentrated to obtain an extract;

[0078] The extract is added into ethanol and stirred to mix, the volume concentration of ethanol is maintained at 78%, and then placed in a 4°C environment for 18 hours, and finally centrifuged to collect polysaccharide precipitates, and then the obtained polysaccharide precipitates are washed and dried with acetone and ether in turn to obtain the fig polysaccharide extract.

[0079] The fig polysaccharide extract obtained in this example was positive for polysaccharide special color development by anthrone sulfate reagent and positive for polysaccharide phenol reagent, and the weight percentage of polysaccharide content was >85%.

[0080] Example 2

[0081] This example provides a fig polysaccharide extract, and the preparation method of the fig polysaccharide extract comprises the following steps:

[0082] The figs are crushed, and then 95% ethanol with a volume fraction of 5 times the weight of the figs is added for heating and reflux degreasing treatment at a temperature of 85° C. for 60 minutes to obtain a first material;

[0083] The first material is added into water which is 5 times of the weight of the first material, and subjected to alternating microwave treatment under the conditions of a first microwave power of 800 W and a second microwave power of 200 W, wherein the total number of alternating microwave treatments is 10 times, wherein the first microwave power is subjected to microwave treatment for 5 times, each microwave treatment time is 3 minutes, and the second microwave power is subjected to microwave treatment for 5 times, each microwave treatment time is 3 minutes, to obtain a second material;

[0084] The second material is subjected to a heating water extraction treatment, wherein the heating water extraction treatment temperature is 80° C. and the heating water extraction treatment time is 3 hours to obtain a third material;

[0085] The third material is centrifuged and then the obtained extract is concentrated to obtain an extract;

[0086] The extract is added into ethanol and stirred to mix, the volume concentration of ethanol is maintained at 78%, and then placed in a 4°C environment for 18 hours, and finally centrifuged to collect polysaccharide precipitates, and then the obtained polysaccharide precipitates are washed and dried with acetone and ether in turn to obtain the fig polysaccharide extract.

[0087] The fig polysaccharide extract obtained in this example was positive for polysaccharide special color development by anthrone sulfate reagent and positive for polysaccharide phenol reagent, and the weight percentage of polysaccharide content was >85%.

[0088] Example 3

[0089] This example provides a fig polysaccharide extract, and the preparation method of the fig polysaccharide extract comprises the following steps:

[0090] The figs are crushed, and then added with 85% ethanol in a volume fraction of 10 times the weight of the figs for heating and reflux degreasing treatment at a temperature of 92° C. for 90 minutes to obtain a first material;

[0091] The first material is added into water which is 10 times of the weight of the first material, and subjected to alternating microwave treatment under the conditions of a first microwave power of 1100 W and a second microwave power of 500 W, wherein the total number of alternating microwave treatments is 6 times, wherein the first microwave power is subjected to microwave treatment 3 times, each microwave treatment time is 5 minutes, and the second microwave power is subjected to microwave treatment 3 times, each microwave treatment time is 5 minutes, to obtain a second material;

[0092] The second material is subjected to a heating water extraction treatment, wherein the heating water extraction treatment temperature is 90° C. and the heating water extraction treatment time is 2 hours to obtain a third material;

[0093] The third material is centrifuged and then the obtained extract is concentrated to obtain an extract;

[0094] The extract is added into ethanol and stirred to mix, the volume concentration of ethanol is maintained at 78%, and then placed in a 4°C environment for 18 hours, and finally centrifuged to collect polysaccharide precipitates, and then the obtained polysaccharide precipitates are washed and dried with acetone and ether in turn to obtain the fig polysaccharide extract.

[0095] The fig polysaccharide extract obtained in this example was positive for polysaccharide special color development by anthrone sulfate reagent and positive for polysaccharide phenol reagent, and the weight percentage of polysaccharide content was >85%.

[0096] Comparative Example 1

[0097] This example provides a fig polysaccharide extract and a preparation method thereof, which is different from Example 1 only in that microwave pre-extraction is performed only at the first microwave power; the remaining steps and parameters are the same.

[0098] The preparation method of the fig polysaccharide extract comprises the following steps:

[0099] The figs are crushed, and then 90% ethanol with a volume fraction of 8 times the weight of the figs is added for heating and reflux degreasing treatment at a temperature of 88° C. for 75 minutes to obtain a first material;

[0100] The first material is added into water which is 7 times the weight of the first material, and subjected to microwave treatment under the condition of a first microwave power of 900 W for 32 minutes to obtain a second material;

[0101] The second material is subjected to a heating water extraction treatment, wherein the heating water extraction treatment temperature is 85° C. and the heating water extraction treatment time is 2.5 hours to obtain a third material;

[0102] The third material is centrifuged and then the obtained extract is concentrated to obtain an extract;

[0103] The extract is added into ethanol and stirred to mix, the volume concentration of ethanol is maintained at 78%, and then placed in a 4°C environment for 18 hours, and finally centrifuged to collect polysaccharide precipitates, and then the obtained polysaccharide precipitates are washed and dried with acetone and ether in turn to obtain the fig polysaccharide extract.

[0104] Comparative Example 2

[0105] This example provides a fig polysaccharide extract and a preparation method thereof, which is different from Example 1 only in that microwave pre-extraction is performed only at the second microwave power; the remaining steps and parameters are the same.

[0106] The preparation method of the fig polysaccharide extract comprises the following steps:

[0107] The figs are crushed, and then 90% ethanol with a volume fraction of 8 times the weight of the figs is added for heating and reflux degreasing treatment at a temperature of 88° C. for 75 minutes to obtain a first material;

[0108] The first material is added into water which is 7 times the weight of the first material, and subjected to microwave treatment under the condition of a second microwave power of 300 W and a microwave treatment time of 32 minutes to obtain a second material;

[0109] The second material is subjected to a heating water extraction treatment, wherein the heating water extraction treatment temperature is 85° C. and the heating water extraction treatment time is 2.5 hours to obtain a third material;

[0110] The third material is centrifuged and then the obtained extract is concentrated to obtain an extract;

[0111] The extract is added into ethanol and stirred to mix, the volume concentration of ethanol is maintained at 78%, and then placed in a 4°C environment for 18 hours, and finally centrifuged to collect polysaccharide precipitates, and then the obtained polysaccharide precipitates are washed and dried with acetone and ether in turn to obtain the fig polysaccharide extract.

[0112] Test Case

[0113] In this example, the fig polysaccharide extracts obtained in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 were added as feed additives to a basal diet (specifically a commercially available corn-soybean meal diet) to examine their effects on the reproductive performance of sows.

[0114] Test method: Pregnant sows were randomly divided into 6 groups, 10 in each group, and divided into a normal feeding group (a total of 1 group, fed only with a basic diet) and an experimental group (a total of 5 groups, recorded as Example 1 group, Example 2 group, Example 3 group, Comparative Example 1 group and Comparative Example 2 group, respectively fed with sow feed added with the fig polysaccharide extract obtained in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 in the basic diet, and the added weight accounted for 1.5wt% of the basic diet); Feeding method: Feed once a day, and start feeding after mating: on the 1st to 3rd day after mating, the feed supply was 2.0 kg; on the 4th to 30th day after mating, the feed supply was 2.2 kg; on the 31st to 90th day after mating, the feed supply was 2.8 kg; from the 91st day after mating to delivery, the feed supply was 4.0 kg; during the whole period, water was supplied irregularly, and external environmental factors such as temperature were kept under suitable conditions.

[0115] After farrowing, the birth weight of the piglets was counted and the average birth weight of each group of piglets was calculated. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0116] Table 1

[0117] Test Group Average birth weight of piglets (kg) Normal feeding group 1.24 Example 1 Group 1.69 Example 2 Group 1.50 Example 3 Group 1.54 Comparative Example 1 1.37 Comparative Example 2 1.32

[0118] As can be seen from Table 1, compared with the normal feeding group and the control group 1 to 2, the average birth weight of piglets produced by pregnant sows fed with the fig polysaccharide extract obtained in Examples 1 to 3 of the present invention was significantly increased, indicating that the fig polysaccharide extract provided by the embodiments of the present invention can significantly improve the reproductive performance of sows, and the fig polysaccharide extract provided in Example 1 has the best effect.

[0119] Various embodiments of the present invention may be presented in the form of a range; it should be understood that the description in the form of a range is only for convenience and brevity, and should not be understood as a rigid limitation on the scope of the present invention; therefore, the range description should be considered to have specifically disclosed all possible sub-ranges and single numerical values ​​within the range. For example, the range description from 1 to 6 should be considered to have specifically disclosed sub-ranges, such as from 1 to 3, from 1 to 4, from 1 to 5, from 2 to 4, from 2 to 6, from 3 to 6, etc., as well as single numbers within the range, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, which apply regardless of the range. In addition, whenever a numerical range is indicated herein, it is meant to include any cited number (fractional or integer) within the indicated range.

[0120] The foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, which enables those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a fig polysaccharide extract, characterized in that: The preparation method of the fig polysaccharide extract comprises the following steps: The figs are crushed and then defatted to obtain a first material; Adding the first material into water for microwave pre-extraction to obtain a second material; The second material is subjected to a heating and water extraction treatment to obtain a third material; The third material is centrifuged and then the obtained extract is concentrated to obtain an extract; The extract is subjected to alcohol precipitation, and then the obtained polysaccharide precipitate is washed and dried to obtain the fig polysaccharide extract; Wherein, the microwave pre-extraction includes the following process: performing alternating microwave treatment under the conditions of a first microwave power of 800-1100W and a second microwave power of 200-500W.

2. The method for preparing the fig polysaccharide extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: The total number of alternating microwave treatments is 6 to 10 times, and the duration of each microwave treatment is 3 to 5 minutes.

3. The method for preparing the fig polysaccharide extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: The degreasing process includes the following steps: The crushed figs are added into 85-95% ethanol in a volume fraction of 5-10 times the weight of the figs, heated and refluxed, and then filtered and the filter residue is collected and dried to obtain the first material.

4. The method for preparing the fig polysaccharide extract according to claim 3, characterized in that: The working condition parameters of the heating reflux include: temperature of 85-92° C. and time of 60-90 minutes.

5. The method for preparing the fig polysaccharide extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weight ratio of the first material to the water is 1:(5-10).

6. The method for preparing the fig polysaccharide extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working condition parameters of the heating water extraction treatment include: the heating water extraction treatment temperature is 80-90° C., and the heating water extraction treatment time is 2-3 hours.

7. The method for preparing the fig polysaccharide extract according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alcohol precipitation comprises the following process: The extract is added into ethanol and stirred to mix, and the volume concentration of ethanol is maintained at 75-80%, and then placed in a 4° C. environment for 12-24 hours, and finally centrifuged to collect the polysaccharide precipitate.

8. A fig polysaccharide extract, characterized in that The fig polysaccharide extract is prepared by the preparation method described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. Use of the fig polysaccharide extract according to claim 8 in improving the reproductive performance of sows.

10. The use according to claim 9, characterized in that: The improving the reproductive performance of sows includes increasing the birth weight of piglets.