A chemical viscosity reducing agent, preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a chemical viscosity reducer, a preparation method and an application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of oil extraction. The chemical viscosity reducer of the present invention comprises a viscosity reducer main agent, modified bentonite, and solvent oil; wherein the viscosity reducer main agent is prepared by reacting five monomers of butenoic acid, cinnamic acid, glycerol, guaifenesin and mannitol in a molar ratio; and the modified bentonite is prepared by modifying bentonite by in-situ polymerization of styrene and methyl eugenol. The chemical viscosity reducer has a small usage amount, low cost, good viscosity reduction effect, and good temperature resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum extraction, and in particular relates to a chemical viscosity reducer, a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of oil, good quality crude oil is becoming less and less, and the development of heavy oil and low-grade crude oil is increasing. my country is rich in heavy oil resources and has huge mining potential, but heavy oil has a high asphaltene and colloid content, resulting in high viscosity. Its density and viscosity are much greater than those of light crude oil. It has poor fluidity at room temperature, making it extremely difficult to mine and transport, and its industrial cost is high. Therefore, reducing the viscosity of heavy oil and enhancing its fluidity have become hot and difficult issues in oilfield chemistry research in recent years.

[0003] At present, the commonly used method for reducing the viscosity of heavy oil is mainly to add viscosity reducers, which are divided into catalytic viscosity reducers, emulsified viscosity reducers and oil-soluble viscosity reducers. Oil-soluble viscosity reducers are oil-soluble substances that can be added directly and are suitable for reducing the viscosity of heavy oil with low water content. However, in actual application, the oil solubility of oil-soluble viscosity reducers is insufficient, and the viscosity reduction effect is not significant, resulting in low recovery rate. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a chemical viscosity reducer, a preparation method and an application thereof. The chemical viscosity reducer of the present invention has small usage amount, low cost and good viscosity reducing effect.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] In one aspect, a chemical viscosity reducer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 to 20 parts of a viscosity reducer main agent, 3 to 7 parts of modified bentonite, and 77 to 83 parts of solvent oil; wherein,

[0007] The viscosity reducing agent main agent is prepared by reacting five monomers of butenoic acid, cinnamic acid, glycerol, guaifenesin and mannitol in a molar ratio of 10:(4-6):(10-15):(4-7):(0.3-0.5);

[0008] The modified bentonite is prepared by modifying bentonite through in-situ polymerization of styrene and methyl eugenol.

[0009] Preferably, the chemical viscosity reducer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts, 5 parts of the viscosity reducer main agent, and 78 parts of solvent oil.

[0010] Preferably, the molar ratio of the five monomers of butenoic acid, cinnamic acid, glycerol, guaifenesin and mannitol is 10:5:12:5:0.4.

[0011] Furthermore, the viscosity reducing agent main agent is prepared by the following method:

[0012] Cetyl alcohol, cinnamic acid, glycerol, guaifenesin and mannitol are added to toluene, a catalyst is added, and an esterification reaction is carried out under nitrogen protection until no water is discharged from the water separator. The solvent is removed by reduced pressure distillation, and then the mixture is neutralized with a NaOH solution, washed with water, and dried to obtain unsaturated fatty acid esters.

[0013] Optionally, during the preparation of the viscosity reducer main agent, the reaction temperature of the esterification reaction is 200-230°C.

[0014] Optionally, in the process of preparing the viscosity reducer main agent, the catalyst is a molecular sieve, and the amount of the catalyst used is 0.5-2% of the total mass of the acid component and the alcohol component.

[0015] In a further embodiment, the solvent oil is selected from at least one of palm oil, olive oil, rapeseed oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, linseed oil and cottonseed oil.

[0016] In a further embodiment, the modified bentonite is prepared by the following method:

[0017] Add styrene, methyl eugenol and bentonite into toluene and disperse them evenly, heat to 60-80°C, add initiator and react for 3-5 hours to obtain modified bentonite.

[0018] Optionally, the initiator is a peroxide initiator or an azo initiator, including but not limited to at least one of diisopropyl peroxydicarbonate, dibenzoyl peroxide, azobisisobutyronitrile, di-tert-butyl peroxide, isopropylbenzene hydroperoxide, and cyclohexanone peroxide.

[0019] Optionally, the bentonite has a particle size of 50 to 100 nm.

[0020] Optionally, the mass ratio of styrene, methyl eugenol and bentonite is (6-8.5):(1.5-4):(0.5-1); preferably, the mass ratio of styrene, methyl eugenol and bentonite is 6:7:1.

[0021] On the other hand, the preparation method of the above-mentioned chemical viscosity reducer comprises the following steps:

[0022] (1) Mixing the viscosity reducer main agent and part of the solvent oil uniformly to obtain a mixture I;

[0023] (2) uniformly mixing the modified bentonite and the remaining solvent oil to obtain a mixture II;

[0024] (3) Mixture I and mixture II are mixed evenly to obtain the chemical viscosity reducer.

[0025] Furthermore, in step (1), the portion of solvent oil is 20 to 40% of the total mass of the solvent oil.

[0026] Furthermore, in step (2), the modified bentonite and solvent oil are uniformly mixed by ultrasound.

[0027] On the other hand, the above-mentioned chemical viscosity reducer is used in heavy oil production.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] The chemical viscosity reducer of the present invention is prepared as a viscosity reducer main agent by esterification reaction with five monomers of butenoic acid, cinnamic acid, glycerol, guaifenesin and mannitol, and has good oil solubility; by introducing guaifenesin and mannitol segments and controlling the ratio, the viscosity reducer can be effectively dispersed to the thick oil aggregates, and the viscosity reduction effect is improved, and the defects such as large amount of oil-soluble viscosity reducers and poor viscosity reduction effect are overcome, and the oil recovery rate is improved, and the temperature resistance of the viscosity reducer can also be improved, and the scope of application is wider. A certain amount of modified bentonite is also added to the chemical viscosity reducer, and the viscosity reduction and temperature resistance of the chemical viscosity reducer can be further improved. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following non-limiting examples can enable those skilled in the art to more fully understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any way. The following content is only an exemplary description of the scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the invention of the present invention based on the disclosed content, and they should also fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0031] The present invention is further described below by way of specific examples. Unless otherwise specified, the various chemical reagents used in the examples of the present invention are obtained through conventional commercial channels.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] A chemical viscosity reducer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of a viscosity reducer main agent, 7 parts of modified bentonite, and 83 parts of palm oil.

[0034] The viscosity reducer main agent is prepared by reacting five monomers of butenoic acid, cinnamic acid, glycerol, guaifenesin and mannitol in a molar ratio of 10:4:10:4:0.3. The specific preparation steps are as follows: butenoic acid, cinnamic acid, glycerol, guaifenesin and mannitol are added to toluene, and a ZSM-5 molecular sieve catalyst of 0.5% of the total weight of the monomers is added, and the temperature is raised to 200°C under nitrogen protection for esterification reaction, and the reaction is carried out until no water is discharged from the water separator, and the solvent is removed by reduced pressure distillation, and then neutralized with a NaOH solution, washed with water, and dried to obtain unsaturated fatty acid esters.

[0035] The modified bentonite was prepared by the following method: styrene, methyl eugenol, and bentonite (particle size 50 nm) were added into sufficient toluene in a mass ratio of 6:4:0.5 and dispersed evenly, heated to 60°C, and an initiator was added to react for 5 hours to obtain the modified bentonite.

[0036] The preparation method of the chemical viscosity reducing agent comprises:

[0037] (1) mixing the viscosity reducer main agent and 20% of the total amount of palm oil to obtain a mixture I;

[0038] (2) uniformly mixing the modified bentonite and the remaining solvent oil by ultrasonic mixing to obtain a mixture II;

[0039] (3) Mixture I and mixture II are mixed evenly to obtain the chemical viscosity reducer.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] A chemical viscosity reducer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of a viscosity reducer main agent, 5 parts of modified bentonite, and 78 parts of palm oil.

[0042] The viscosity reducer main agent is prepared by reacting five monomers of butenoic acid, cinnamic acid, glycerol, guaifenesin and mannitol in a molar ratio of 10:5:12:5:0.4. The specific preparation steps are as follows: butenoic acid, cinnamic acid, glycerol, guaifenesin and mannitol are added to toluene, and a ZSM-5 molecular sieve catalyst of 2% by weight of the total monomer mass is added, and the temperature is raised to 200°C under nitrogen protection for esterification reaction, and the reaction is carried out until no water is discharged from the water separator, and the solvent is removed by reduced pressure distillation, and then neutralized with a NaOH solution, washed with water, and dried to obtain unsaturated fatty acid esters.

[0043] The modified bentonite was prepared by the following method: styrene, methyl eugenol, and bentonite (particle size 50 nm) were added into sufficient toluene in a mass ratio of 6:7:1 and dispersed evenly, heated to 80°C, and an initiator was added to react for 3 hours to obtain the modified bentonite.

[0044] The preparation method of the chemical viscosity reducing agent comprises:

[0045] (1) mixing the viscosity reducer main agent and 40% of the total amount of palm oil to obtain a mixture I;

[0046] (2) uniformly mixing the modified bentonite and the remaining solvent oil by ultrasonic mixing to obtain a mixture II;

[0047] (3) Mixture I and mixture II are mixed evenly to obtain the chemical viscosity reducer.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] A chemical viscosity reducer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of a viscosity reducer main agent, 3 parts of modified bentonite, and 77 parts of palm oil.

[0050] The viscosity reducer main agent is prepared by reacting five monomers of butenoic acid, cinnamic acid, glycerol, guaifenesin and mannitol in a molar ratio of 10:5:12:5:0.5. The specific preparation steps are as follows: butenoic acid, cinnamic acid, glycerol, guaifenesin and mannitol are added to toluene, and a ZSM-5 molecular sieve catalyst of 2% by weight of the total monomer mass is added, and the temperature is raised to 200°C under nitrogen protection for esterification reaction, and the reaction is carried out until no water is discharged from the water separator, and the solvent is removed by reduced pressure distillation, and then neutralized with a NaOH solution, washed with water, and dried to obtain unsaturated fatty acid esters.

[0051] The modified bentonite was prepared by the following method: styrene, methyl eugenol, and bentonite (particle size 50 nm) were added into sufficient toluene in a mass ratio of 6:7:1 and dispersed evenly, heated to 80°C, and an initiator was added to react for 3 hours to obtain the modified bentonite.

[0052] The preparation method of the chemical viscosity reducing agent comprises:

[0053] (1) mixing the viscosity reducer main agent and 40% of the total amount of palm oil to obtain a mixture I;

[0054] (2) uniformly mixing the modified bentonite and the remaining solvent oil by ultrasonic mixing to obtain a mixture II;

[0055] (3) Mixture I and mixture II are mixed evenly to obtain the chemical viscosity reducer.

[0056] Example 4

[0057] Another chemical viscosity reducer is different from Example 2 in that the main agent of the viscosity reducer is prepared by reacting five monomers of butenoic acid, cinnamic acid, glycerol, guaifenesin and mannitol in a molar ratio of 10:5:8:9.2:0.2.

[0058] Example 5

[0059] Another chemical viscosity reducer is different from Example 2 in that the main viscosity reducer is prepared by reacting five monomers of butenoic acid, cinnamic acid, glycerol, guaifenesin and mannitol in a molar ratio of 10:5:16:0.5:1, and the total amount remains unchanged.

[0060] Example 6

[0061] Another chemical viscosity reducer is different from Example 2 in that the mass ratio of styrene, methyl eugenol and bentonite in the preparation process of the modified bentonite is 5:5:1.

[0062] Example 7

[0063] Another chemical viscosity reducer is different from Example 2 in that the mass ratio of styrene, methyl eugenol and bentonite in the preparation process of the modified bentonite is 9:1:1.

[0064] Comparative Example 1

[0065] Another chemical viscosity reducer is different from Example 2 in that the main agent of the viscosity reducer is prepared by reacting four monomers of butenoic acid, cinnamic acid, glycerol and guaifenesin in a molar ratio of 10:5:12:5.4.

[0066] Comparative Example 2

[0067] Another chemical viscosity reducer is different from Example 2 in that the main agent of the viscosity reducer is prepared by reacting four monomers of butenoic acid, cinnamic acid, glycerol and mannitol in a molar ratio of 10:5:12:5.4.

[0068] Comparative Example 3

[0069] Another chemical viscosity reducer is different from Example 2 in that the main agent of the viscosity reducer is prepared by reacting three monomers of crotonic acid, cinnamic acid and propylene glycol in a molar ratio of 10:5:18.5.

[0070] Comparative Example 4

[0071] Another chemical viscosity reducer is different from Example 2 in that the modified bentonite is prepared by the following method: styrene and bentonite (particle size 50 nm) are added to sufficient toluene at a mass ratio of 13:1 and dispersed evenly, heated to 80°C, and an initiator is added to react for 3 hours to obtain the modified bentonite.

[0072] Comparative Example 5

[0073] The difference from Example 2 is that the preparation method of the chemical viscosity reducer is: the viscosity reducer main agent, modified bentonite and palm oil are uniformly mixed to obtain the chemical viscosity reducer.

[0074] Comparative Example 6

[0075] The difference from Example 2 is that the preparation method of the chemical viscosity reducer is: uniformly mixing the modified bentonite and solvent oil by ultrasonic mixing, adding the viscosity reducer main agent and mixing them uniformly, so as to obtain the chemical viscosity reducer.

[0076] Test Example 1

[0077] The chemical viscosity reducers obtained in the examples and comparative examples were evaluated. According to the petroleum industry standard SY / T 0520-2008 "Determination of crude oil viscosity by rotational viscometer equilibrium method", 100 mL of heavy oil was kept at 50°C for 1 hour, and the viscosity of the heavy oil was measured using a NDJ-8S digital viscometer, which was recorded as η. 0The viscosity reducer prepared in the above examples and comparative examples was added to the thick oil in an amount of 2% and stirred evenly. The mixture was heated at a constant temperature of 50°C in a water bath for 2 hours, stirred once every 20 minutes, and the viscosity was measured and recorded as η. 1 Finally, according to the formula ν=[(η 0 -η 1 ) / η 0 ]×100% to calculate the viscosity reduction rate. The viscosity reduction results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0078] Table 1

[0079]

[0080] As shown in the table, the viscosity reduction rate of the chemical viscosity reducer prepared in Examples 1-3 of the present invention is above 97%, the viscosity reduction rate is high, and the viscosity reduction effect is good. Compared with Example 2, the composition and proportion of the viscosity reducer main agent in Examples 4, 5 and Comparative Examples 1-3 change, and the viscosity reduction effect is significantly reduced. It can be seen that the introduction of a certain proportion of guaifenesin and 1,4-mannitol into the viscosity reducer main agent is helpful to improve the viscosity reduction effect of the viscosity reducer.

[0081] Table 2

[0082]

[0083] As shown in the table, when the viscosity reducers prepared in Examples 1-3 of the present invention treat crude oil with higher viscosity, the viscosity reduction rate remains above 90%, and the viscosity reduction effect is good, which indicates that the viscosity reducers have higher universality and are suitable for a variety of heavy oils with different compositions.

[0084] Test Example 2

[0085] According to the method described in the above Experimental Example 1, the viscosity reducing effects of the chemical viscosity reducers prepared in the above Examples and Comparative Examples at 30° C., 50° C., and 70° C. are tested. The results are shown in Table 3 below.

[0086] Table 3

[0087]

[0088] As shown in the table, at 50°C, the viscosity reduction rates of Examples 1-3 are all above 97%; when the temperature rises to 70°C, the viscosity reduction rates of Examples 1-3 decrease slightly, but are still above 94%, while the viscosity reduction rates of Comparative Examples 1-3 decrease to below 65%, which is significantly lower than that of Examples 1-3; when the temperature drops to 30°C, the viscosity reduction rates of Examples 1-3 decrease to 70-75%, while the viscosity reduction rates of Comparative Examples 1-3 decrease to below 60%. This shows that the introduction of a certain proportion of guaifenesin and 1,4-mannitol into the main agent of the viscosity reducer helps to improve the temperature resistance of the viscosity reducer and expand its scope of application.

[0089] The above description of the embodiments is to facilitate the understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It is obvious that those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without creative work. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention should be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A chemical viscosity reducer, characterized in that: The method comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 to 20 parts of a viscosity reducing agent, 3 to 7 parts of modified bentonite, and 77 to 83 parts of solvent oil; The viscosity reducing agent is prepared by reacting five monomers of butenoic acid, cinnamic acid, glycerol, guaifenesin and mannitol in a molar ratio of 10:(4-6):(10-15):(4-7):(0.3-0.5); The viscosity reducing agent main agent is prepared by the following method: Crotonic acid, cinnamic acid, glycerol, guaifenesin and mannitol are added to toluene, a catalyst is added, and an esterification reaction is carried out under nitrogen protection until no water is discharged from the water separator, and the solvent is removed by reduced pressure distillation, and then neutralized with a NaOH solution, washed with water, and dried to obtain unsaturated fatty acid esters; The modified bentonite is prepared by modifying bentonite by in-situ polymerization of styrene and methyl eugenol, and the steps are as follows: Add styrene, methyl eugenol and bentonite into toluene and disperse them evenly, heat to 60-80°C, add an initiator and react for 3-5 hours to obtain modified bentonite; the mass ratio of styrene, methyl eugenol and bentonite is (6-8.5):(1.5-4):(0.5-1).

2. The chemical viscosity reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that The molar ratio of the five monomers of butenoic acid, cinnamic acid, glycerol, guaifenesin and mannitol is 10:5:12:5:0.

4.

3. The chemical viscosity reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of styrene, methyl eugenol and bentonite is 6:7:

1.

4. The method for preparing the chemical viscosity reducer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Mixing the viscosity reducer main agent and part of the solvent oil uniformly to obtain a mixture I; (2) uniformly mixing the modified bentonite and the remaining solvent oil to obtain a mixture II; (3) Mixture I and mixture II are mixed evenly to obtain the chemical viscosity reducer.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step (1), the part of solvent oil is 20 to 40% of the total mass of solvent oil.

6. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step (2), the modified bentonite and solvent oil are uniformly mixed by ultrasound.

7. Use of the chemical viscosity reducer according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or the chemical viscosity reducer prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 4 to 6 in heavy oil production.

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