Saline-alkali soil conditioner and application method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of soil improvement, and discloses a saline-alkali soil conditioner and an application method thereof.The saline-alkali soil conditioner is prepared from, by weight, 10-30 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 5-20 parts of calcium chloride, 5-15 parts of ferrous sulfate, 5-15 parts of ammonium sulfate, 20-30 parts of organic materials, 20-30 parts of inorganic materials and 5-10 parts of microbial conditioner; the salt content and the pH value of the saline-alkali soil are reduced through desulfurized gypsum, calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate and ammonium sulfate; organic matter of saline-alkali soil is increased through organic materials, and the soil structure is improved; the water retention capacity and the nutrient supply capacity of the saline-alkali soil are improved through the inorganic materials, and the soil structure is further improved; solidified nutrients in the saline-alkali soil are activated through the microbial modifier, and the structure of the soil is improved; an ascending channel of soil underground salt is cut off through the isolation layer; therefore, the problem that the improvement efficiency is low due to the fact that salt and alkali return is prone to occurring in traditional improvement measures is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement, in particular to a saline-alkali soil improver and an application method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Soil improvement refers to a series of technical measures that use theories and techniques from multiple disciplines such as soil science, biology, and ecology to eliminate or prevent adverse factors that affect crop growth and cause soil degradation, improve soil properties, increase soil fertility, and create good soil environmental conditions for crops. Generally, practical plans are formulated based on local natural and economic conditions and implemented step by step to effectively improve soil production properties and environmental conditions. Saline-alkali soil improvement has always been called a world problem. There are a large number of saline-alkali soils in the world that are harmed by salt and alkali. Therefore, improving saline-alkali soil can greatly increase food production and land utilization, and has great economic, social and ecological benefits.

[0003] Traditional saline-alkali soil improvement is usually carried out through measures such as high water pressure to remove salinity and planting alkali-tolerant halophytes. However, traditional improvement measures are prone to salinization, resulting in low improvement efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a saline-alkali soil conditioner and an application method thereof, which solves the problem that traditional improvement measures are prone to salinization and alkali return, resulting in low improvement efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical scheme: a saline-alkali soil conditioner, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-30 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 5-20 parts of calcium chloride, 5-15 parts of ferrous sulfate, 5-15 parts of ammonium sulfate, 20-30 parts of organic materials, 20-30 parts of inorganic materials, and 5-10 parts of microbial improver.

[0006] Preferably, the organic material includes humic acid and straw, and the ratios thereof are 3-6:4-7, respectively.

[0007] Preferably, the inorganic materials include silicon fertilizer, sand and coal ash, and the ratios thereof are 3-5:2-4:2-4 respectively.

[0008] Preferably, the microbial modifier includes polar marine bacteria, halophilic bacteria, mycorrhizal fungi, and lactic acid bacteria, and the ratios thereof are 2-4: 2-4: 1.5-3.5: 0.5-2.5, respectively.

[0009] A method for applying a saline-alkali soil conditioner comprises:

[0010] S1. Preliminary investigation: Conduct a detailed investigation of the saline-alkali soil that needs to be improved and obtain the specific data of the corresponding saline-alkali soil, including salt content, pH, groundwater depth, and soil area;

[0011] S2. Preparation before application: Prepare the saline-alkali soil that needs to be improved before improvement, so that the saline-alkali soil can maximize the use of saline-alkali soil conditioner;

[0012] S3, layered application: according to the specific data obtained in step S1, the saline-alkali soil conditioner is applied mechanically to the surface layer and deep layer of the saline-alkali soil in different proportions, and appropriate irrigation is provided during the application;

[0013] S4. Post-application treatment: After applying the saline-alkali soil conditioner to the saline-alkali soil, cover the soil surface with one or more combinations of straw, grass chips, and natural fallen leaves;

[0014] S5. Monitoring and adjustment: After the application is completed, the saline-alkali soil to which the saline-alkali soil conditioner has been applied shall be regularly monitored for specific data, and the subsequent application amount of the saline-alkali soil conditioner shall be adjusted according to the specific data, and then crop rotation and periodic application of the saline-alkali soil conditioner shall be carried out.

[0015] Preferably, the preparation in S2 is to deep plow the saline-alkali soil, and during deep plowing, press the straw onto the saline-alkali soil at 40 to 70 cm to form an isolation layer, and then irrigate the saline-alkali soil appropriately to keep the soil moisture between 20% and 30%.

[0016] Preferably, the depth of the surface layer in S3 is 0-10 cm, the depth of the deep layer is 20-40 cm, and the dosage ratio of the soil conditioner is 5-8:2-6 parts; the appropriate amount of irrigation is to keep the soil moisture between 50%-70%.

[0017] Preferably, the crop rotation in S5 is one or more of soybean, sunflower, cotton, and sorghum.

[0018] The present invention provides a saline-alkali soil conditioner and an application method thereof, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The present invention reduces the salt content and pH of saline-alkali soil by using desulfurized gypsum, calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate and ammonium sulfate; improves the organic matter of saline-alkali soil and improves the soil structure by using organic materials; improves the water retention capacity and nutrient supply capacity of saline-alkali soil and further improves the soil structure by using inorganic materials; activates the solidified nutrients in the saline-alkali soil by using microbial improvers and improves the soil structure; cuts off the rising channel of underground salt in the soil by using an isolation layer; thus solving the problem that traditional improvement measures are prone to salt-alkali return, resulting in low improvement efficiency.

[0020] 2. The present invention uses desulfurized gypsum, calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate, ammonium sulfate and microbial improvers in combination, thereby being able to reduce the salt content and pH of saline-alkali soil in multiple ways, and can quickly adjust the salt content and pH of saline-alkali soil, and gradually improve the salt content and pH of saline-alkali soil through microbial improvers, and can provide crops with various elements required for their growth, and can improve the absorption and utilization rate of fertilizers, escort crop emergence and quality, thereby improving the practicality of the improver.

[0021] 3. The present invention uses organic materials and inorganic materials in combination to increase the nutrients in saline-alkali soil, enhance the formation of aggregate structure, improve the salt-alkali resistance of crops, improve the water retention and nutrient supply capacity of saline-alkali soil, improve the permeability of saline-alkali soil, promote crop growth, and simultaneously improve the physical properties of the soil, thereby accelerating the improvement efficiency of saline-alkali soil and further improving the soil structure, thereby further preventing the occurrence of saline-alkali return.

[0022] 4. The present invention can improve saline-alkali soil more effectively and quickly, improve the production capacity of saline-alkali soil, and thus enhance its utilization rate through preliminary investigation, preparation of saline-alkali soil conditioner, preparation before saline-alkali soil improvement, saline-alkali soil improvement, and gradual implementation of subsequent management. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a method for applying a saline-alkali soil conditioner according to the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] An embodiment of the present invention provides a saline-alkali soil conditioner, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-30 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 5-20 parts of calcium chloride, 5-15 parts of ferrous sulfate, 5-15 parts of ammonium sulfate, 20-30 parts of organic materials, 20-30 parts of inorganic materials, and 5-10 parts of microbial improver.

[0026] Specifically, the calcium ions in the desulfurized gypsum replace the sodium ions in the soil, and the sulfate ions help to improve the soil structure, thereby improving the ratio of calcium ions to sulfate ions in the soil, helping to reduce the salinity of the soil and improving the soil structure; calcium ions are provided by calcium chloride, and the sodium ions in the soil are further replaced by calcium, thereby reducing the salinity and increasing the air permeability of the soil; iron ions are provided by ferrous sulfate, thereby promoting plant growth and further improving the pH of the soil; nitrogen is provided by ammonium sulfate, and sulfate ions are replaced by sodium ions, thereby further reducing soil salinity and providing nitrogen required by plants, while reducing the pH of the soil; organic materials are used to increase the organic matter in saline-alkali soil and increase the salinity of the soil. The humus in the soil enhances the formation of the aggregate structure, improves the crop's resistance to salt and alkali, improves the soil's water retention capacity and aeration, and promotes the growth of microorganisms; improves the water retention capacity and nutrient supply capacity of saline-alkali soils through inorganic materials, improves the permeability of saline-alkali soils, promotes crop growth, and improves the physical properties of the soil; activates the solidified nutrients in the saline-alkali soils through microbial conditioners and improves the structure of saline-alkali soils; quickly improves saline-alkali soils through desulfurized gypsum, calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate, and ammonium sulfate, improves the soil structure of saline-alkali soils through organic and inorganic materials, and gradually improves saline-alkali soils through microbial conditioners, thereby solving the problem that traditional improvement measures are prone to salinization and alkali return, resulting in low improvement efficiency.

[0027] Organic materials include humic acid and straw, with the ratio being 3-6:4-7 respectively.

[0028] Specifically, humic acid can improve the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil and enhance soil fertility, thereby increasing the soil's water holding capacity, reducing salinity and improving the crop's resistance to stress; straw can improve the soil's moisture retention capacity and aeration, promoting microbial growth.

[0029] Inorganic materials include silicon fertilizer, sand and coal ash, and the ratios thereof are 3-5:2-4:2-4 respectively.

[0030] Specifically, silicon fertilizer can improve plant resistance, promote root development, and improve soil structure, thereby helping plants resist saline-alkali pressure and increasing crop yields; bright sand can improve soil structure, enhance soil permeability and drainage, thereby helping to improve soil physical properties and reduce salt concentration; coal ash can provide minerals and potassium, improve soil acidity and alkalinity, and increase soil fertility, thereby promoting crop growth and improving soil physical properties.

[0031] The microbial modifiers include polar marine bacteria, halophilic bacteria, mycorrhizal fungi, and lactic acid bacteria, and the ratios thereof are 2-4: 2-4: 1.5-3.5: 0.5-2.5, respectively.

[0032] Specifically, polar marine bacteria can tolerate high-salt environments, which can promote the decomposition of organic matter in the soil, improve nutrient circulation, and thus reduce alkalinity; halophilic bacteria can survive in saline-alkali environments, thereby promoting the release of nutrients in the soil, improving soil microbial activity, and increasing plant growth; mycorrhizal fungi can coexist with crop roots, thereby enhancing the crop's ability to absorb water and nutrients, improving stress resistance, and helping to improve plant growth conditions in saline-alkali soils; lactic acid bacteria can improve the structure of soil microbial communities, promote the fermentation and transformation of organic matter, and increase soil fertility; microbial modifiers can activate the solidified nutrients in saline-alkali soils, improve the structure of saline-alkali soils, and increase the absorption and utilization rate of fertilizers, thereby ensuring crop emergence and quality.

[0033] Please see attached Figure 1 , a method for applying a saline-alkali soil conditioner, comprising:

[0034] S1. Preliminary investigation: Conduct a detailed investigation of the saline-alkali soil that needs to be improved and obtain the specific data of the corresponding saline-alkali soil, including salt content, pH, groundwater depth, and soil area;

[0035] S2. Preparation before application: Prepare the saline-alkali soil that needs to be improved before improvement, so that the saline-alkali soil can maximize the use of saline-alkali soil conditioner;

[0036] S3, layered application: according to the specific data obtained in step S1, the saline-alkali soil conditioner is applied mechanically to the surface layer and deep layer of the saline-alkali soil in different proportions, and appropriate irrigation is provided during the application;

[0037] S4. Post-application treatment: After applying the saline-alkali soil conditioner to the saline-alkali soil, cover the soil surface with one or more combinations of straw, grass chips, and natural fallen leaves;

[0038] S5. Monitoring and adjustment: After the application is completed, the saline-alkali soil to which the saline-alkali soil conditioner has been applied shall be regularly monitored for specific data, and the subsequent application amount of the saline-alkali soil conditioner shall be adjusted according to the specific data, and then crop rotation and periodic application of the saline-alkali soil conditioner shall be carried out.

[0039] The preparation in S2 is to deep plow the saline-alkali soil, and during deep plowing, press the straw onto the saline-alkali soil at 40 to 70 cm to form an isolation layer, and then properly irrigate the saline-alkali soil to keep the soil moisture between 20% and 30%.

[0040] The depth of the surface layer in S3 is 0-10 cm, the depth of the deep layer is 20-40 cm, and the dosage ratio of the soil conditioner is 5-8:2-6 parts; the appropriate amount of irrigation is to keep the soil moisture between 50%-70%.

[0041] In S5, the crop rotation is one or more of soybean, sunflower, cotton, and sorghum.

[0042] Specifically, through preliminary investigation, we can obtain specific data on saline-alkali soil, thus providing a data basis for subsequent application; through pre-application preparation, we can break up the compacted saline-alkali soil to make the soil looser, so that when applying, the contact area between the soil and the improver is larger, thereby accelerating the improvement efficiency; through the establishment of an isolation layer, the rising channel of underground salt in the saline-alkali soil is cut off, further preventing the saline-alkali soil from returning to salt, and returning straw to the field can improve soil fertility, and through proper irrigation, the penetration effect of the improver is increased; through layered application, different proportions of improvers are applied to the surface and deep layers of the soil, through Through surface application, the concentration of surface salt and alkali can be reduced, microbial activity can be promoted, soil physical properties can be improved, and soil nutrients can be increased. Through deep application, soil structure can be adjusted, soil salinization can be prevented, water retention capacity can be improved, and nutrients can be slowly released, thereby helping to apply corresponding improvement effects according to the characteristics of different soil layers, promote the healthy growth of plants, and ultimately achieve comprehensive soil improvement and increased utilization rate. Through post-application treatment, it helps to protect the soil, reduce water evaporation, inhibit weed growth, and promote the activity of soil microorganisms, thereby accelerating improvement efficiency. Through monitoring and adjustment, saline-alkali soil can be continuously improved and further prevented from returning to salinization.

[0043] The following is further introduced in conjunction with specific embodiments:

[0044] Embodiment 1:

[0045] A saline-alkali soil conditioner comprises 10 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 5 parts of calcium chloride, 5 parts of ferrous sulfate, 5 parts of ammonium sulfate, 20 parts of organic materials, 20 parts of inorganic materials and 5 parts of microbial conditioner; wherein the ratio of humic acid to straw in the organic materials is 5:5, the ratio of silicon fertilizer, bright sand and coal ash in the inorganic materials is 4:3:3 respectively, and the ratio of polar marine bacteria, halophilic bacteria, mycorrhizal fungi and lactic acid bacteria in the microbial conditioner is 3:3:2:2 respectively.

[0046] The above-mentioned method for applying a saline-alkali soil conditioner comprises the following steps:

[0047] S1. Preliminary investigation: Conduct a detailed investigation of the saline-alkali soil that needs to be improved and obtain the specific data of the corresponding saline-alkali soil, including salt content, pH, groundwater depth, and soil area;

[0048] S2. Preparation before application: Prepare the saline-alkali soil that needs to be improved before improvement, so that the saline-alkali soil can maximize the use of the saline-alkali soil conditioner, where the isolation layer is set to a depth of 60 cm and the soil moisture is 30%;

[0049] S3, layered application: after step S2 is completed, the saline-alkali soil conditioner is applied to the deep layer of the saline-alkali soil by a fertilizer spreader, the deep layer depth is 40 cm, and then the saline-alkali soil conditioner is applied to the surface layer of the saline-alkali soil by a fertilizer spreader, the surface layer depth is 5 cm, and appropriate irrigation is carried out during application to keep the soil moisture at 60%, the amount of the saline-alkali soil conditioner used is 220 parts per mu by weight, and the ratio of the surface layer to the deep layer is 6:4;

[0050] S4. Post-application treatment: After applying saline-alkali soil conditioner to saline-alkali soil, cover the soil surface with a combination of straw and wood chips;

[0051] S5. Monitoring and adjustment: After the application is completed, the saline-alkali soil to which the saline-alkali soil conditioner is applied is monitored for specific data every two months, and the subsequent application amount of the saline-alkali soil conditioner is adjusted according to the specific data, and then crop rotation and periodic application of saline-alkali soil conditioner are carried out, in which sorghum is used as the crop rotation.

[0052] Embodiment 2:

[0053] The difference between this embodiment and the above-mentioned embodiment 1 is that:

[0054] A saline-alkali soil conditioner comprises 30 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 20 parts of calcium chloride, 15 parts of ferrous sulfate, 15 parts of ammonium sulfate, 30 parts of organic materials, 30 parts of inorganic materials and 10 parts of microbial conditioner; wherein the ratio of humic acid to straw in the organic materials is 5:5, the ratio of silicon fertilizer, bright sand and coal ash in the inorganic materials is 4:3:3 respectively, and the ratio of polar marine bacteria, halophilic bacteria, mycorrhizal fungi and lactic acid bacteria in the microbial conditioner is 3:3:2:2 respectively.

[0055] Embodiment 3:

[0056] The difference between this embodiment and the above-mentioned embodiment 1 is that:

[0057] A saline-alkali soil conditioner comprises 20 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 13 parts of calcium chloride, 10 parts of ferrous sulfate, 10 parts of ammonium sulfate, 25 parts of organic materials, 25 parts of inorganic materials and 8 parts of microbial conditioner; wherein the ratio of humic acid to straw in the organic materials is 5:5, the ratio of silicon fertilizer, bright sand and coal ash in the inorganic materials is 4:3:3 respectively, and the ratio of polar marine bacteria, halophilic bacteria, mycorrhizal fungi and lactic acid bacteria in the microbial conditioner is 3:3:2:2 respectively.

[0058] Table 1:

[0059] project Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 contrast pH 8.5 7 7.7 9.5 Salt content 2％ 0.5％ 1％ 3％ Soil porosity 35％ 45％ 41％ 25％

[0060] The above table compares saline-alkali soil. From Table 1, it can be seen that different amounts of saline-alkali soil conditioners can affect the pH, salt content, and soil porosity of saline-alkali soil, and thus affect the structural changes of the soil and the improvement efficiency. Among them, different amounts of desulfurized gypsum, calcium chloride, ferrous sulfate, ammonium sulfate, and microbial conditioners play different roles in improving the salinity and salt content of saline-alkali soil. Different amounts of organic materials, inorganic materials, and microbial conditioners play different roles in improving the soil porosity of saline-alkali soil, and thus affect the improvement efficiency of saline-alkali soil.

[0061] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A saline-alkali soil conditioner, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-30 parts of desulfurized gypsum, 5-20 parts of calcium chloride, 5-15 parts of ferrous sulfate, 5-15 parts of ammonium sulfate, 20-30 parts of organic materials, 20-30 parts of inorganic materials and 5-10 parts of microbial improver.

2. The saline-alkali soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic materials include humic acid and straw, and the ratios thereof are 3-6:4-7 respectively.

3. The saline-alkali soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inorganic materials include silicon fertilizer, sand and coal ash, and the ratios thereof are 3-5:2-4:2-4 respectively.

4. The saline-alkali soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microbial modifiers include polar marine bacteria, halophilic bacteria, mycorrhizal fungi, and lactic acid bacteria, and the ratios thereof are 2-4: 2-4: 1.5-3.5: 0.5-2.5, respectively.

5. A method for applying a saline-alkali soil conditioner, characterized in that: A saline-alkali soil conditioner as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising: S1. Preliminary investigation: Conduct a detailed investigation of the saline-alkali soil that needs to be improved and obtain the specific data of the corresponding saline-alkali soil, including salt content, pH, groundwater depth, and soil area; S2. Preparation before application: Prepare the saline-alkali soil that needs to be improved before improvement, so that the saline-alkali soil can maximize the use of saline-alkali soil conditioner; S3, layered application: after step S2 is completed, the saline-alkali soil conditioner is applied to the deep layer of the saline-alkali soil by a fertilizer spreader, and then the saline-alkali soil conditioner is applied to the surface layer of the saline-alkali soil by a fertilizer spreader, and appropriate irrigation is provided during application, and the amount of the saline-alkali soil conditioner used is 90-300 parts per mu by weight; S4. Post-application treatment: After applying the saline-alkali soil conditioner to the saline-alkali soil, cover the soil surface with one or more combinations of straw, grass chips, and natural fallen leaves; S5. Monitoring and adjustment: After the application is completed, the saline-alkali soil to which the saline-alkali soil conditioner has been applied shall be regularly monitored for specific data, and the subsequent application amount of the saline-alkali soil conditioner shall be adjusted according to the specific data, and then crop rotation and periodic application of the saline-alkali soil conditioner shall be carried out.

6. The method for applying a saline-alkali soil conditioner according to claim 5, characterized in that: The preparation in S2 is to deep plow the saline-alkali soil, and during deep plowing, press the straw on the saline-alkali soil at 40 to 70 cm to form an isolation layer, and then irrigate the saline-alkali soil appropriately to keep the soil moisture between 20% and 30%.

7. The method for applying a saline-alkali soil conditioner according to claim 5, characterized in that: The depth of the surface layer in S3 is 0-10 cm, the depth of the deep layer is 20-40 cm, and the dosage ratio of the soil conditioner is 5-8:2-6 parts; the appropriate amount of irrigation is to keep the soil moisture between 50%-70%.

8. The method for applying a saline-alkali soil conditioner according to claim 5, characterized in that: The crop rotation in S5 is one or more of soybean, sunflower, cotton and sorghum.

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