A heavy-duty commercial vehicle diesel engine piston ring wear status monitoring device

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of piston ring monitoring, and specifically relates to a piston ring wear state monitoring device for a diesel engine of a heavy-duty commercial vehicle, comprising a gear box, a cylinder liner is arranged above the gear box, a piston is movably arranged inside the cylinder liner, and a piston ring that fits the inner wall of the cylinder liner is sleeved on the outer side of the piston; a connecting rod is hinged on the lower side of the piston; a monitoring groove is opened above the gear box, a temperature monitoring element and an acoustic wave monitoring element are arranged inside the monitoring groove, the temperature monitoring element is used to monitor the temperature change in the axial direction of the outer wall of the cylinder liner, and the acoustic wave monitoring element is used to monitor the amplitude and frequency of the machine; the device can separately monitor the piston rings in multiple cylinder liners of a diesel engine of a heavy-duty commercial vehicle, can accurately find the cylinder liner corresponding to the piston ring that needs to be replaced, and disassemble and replace the piston ring in the cylinder liner, and the detachable cylinder liner can reduce the time required for replacing the piston ring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of piston ring monitoring, and in particular to a wear state monitoring device for a piston ring of a diesel engine for a heavy-duty commercial vehicle. Background Art

[0002] A diesel engine is an engine that burns diesel to release energy. The heat energy generated by diesel combustion drives the piston to slide, and the piston drives the crankshaft to rotate through the connecting rod, thereby converting the internal energy of diesel combustion into mechanical energy. Fuel engines have the advantages of strong power, low consumption, low cost, and strong adaptability, and are widely used in heavy-duty commercial vehicles.

[0003] The piston ring plays the role of sealing, heat dissipation, and guidance in the diesel engine. When it is excessively worn, it will lead to abnormal problems such as increased oil consumption, insufficient engine power, and substandard emissions. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the wear status of the piston ring to ensure the normal operation of the diesel engine. The common monitoring method for piston rings is to remove the piston rings for inspection, but this method is more troublesome, and when the piston rings are worn and scrapped, it cannot be discovered in time; there are also methods to monitor the wear status of piston rings by monitoring the engine output power, but this method is only applicable to single-cylinder diesel engines, and the diesel engines of heavy-duty commercial vehicles are multi-cylinder diesel engines. After the piston ring in one cylinder is worn, the other cylinders can still output power normally; the joint action of multiple cylinders causes the output power of the diesel engine to almost not change, that is, the output power of the cylinder with worn piston rings is insufficient and cannot be accurately monitored.

[0004] Therefore, we propose a heavy-duty commercial vehicle diesel engine piston ring wear state monitoring device for online monitoring of the wear state of the pistons in multiple cylinders, so as to detect the worn piston rings in time. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a heavy-duty commercial vehicle diesel engine piston ring wear state monitoring device to solve the problem that the piston ring wear state in the existing multi-cylinder diesel engine is difficult to monitor in real time as mentioned in the background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a heavy-duty commercial vehicle diesel engine piston ring wear state monitoring device, comprising a gearbox, a cylinder liner is arranged above the gearbox, a piston is movably arranged inside the cylinder liner, and a piston ring that fits the inner wall of the cylinder liner is sleeved on the outer side of the piston; a connecting rod is hinged on the lower side of the piston; the inner side of the gearbox is movably mounted on the crankshaft, the connecting rod is hinged to the crankshaft, a monitoring groove is opened above the gearbox, a temperature monitoring element and a sound wave monitoring element are arranged inside the monitoring groove, the temperature monitoring element is used to monitor the temperature change in the axial direction of the outer wall of the cylinder liner, and the sound wave monitoring element is used to monitor the amplitude and frequency of the mechanical wave;

[0007] The gearbox body is movably provided with a transverse shaft and a longitudinal shaft, the outer side of the transverse shaft is sleeved with a No. 1 bevel gear, and the outer side of the longitudinal shaft is sleeved with a No. 2 bevel gear and a No. 3 bevel gear; the outer side of the crankshaft is sleeved with a No. 4 bevel gear, the No. 4 bevel gear is meshed with the No. 3 bevel gear, and the No. 2 bevel gear is meshed with the No. 1 bevel gear;

[0008] A push switch is arranged on the outer side of the gear box, an eccentric disk is sleeved on the outer side of the transverse shaft, and when the diesel engine is in a power stroke, the eccentric disk presses on the push switch; the push switch, the acoustic wave monitoring element, and the temperature monitoring element are electrically connected.

[0009] Preferably, a bracket plate is installed on the inner side of the monitoring slot, the temperature monitoring element is hinged to the bracket plate, and a limit groove for limiting the rotation angle of the temperature monitoring element is provided on the inner side of the bracket plate; a micro motor for driving the temperature monitoring element to rotate is installed on the outer side of the bracket plate.

[0010] Preferably, a fixing frame is installed on the inner side of the monitoring groove, and the temperature monitoring element is installed on the side of the fixing frame close to the cylinder liner, and the temperature monitoring element is in contact with the cylinder liner, and more than three temperature sensing points are arranged on the temperature monitoring element.

[0011] Preferably, clamping plates are installed on the upper front and rear sides of the gear box, and fixing grooves are provided on the sides of the clamping plates close to each other, and the clamping plates are clamped on the outer side of the cylinder sleeve through the fixing grooves.

[0012] Preferably, a heat dissipation sleeve is detachably connected to the outer side of the cylinder sleeve, and a heat dissipation groove is provided between the inner wall of the heat dissipation sleeve and the outer wall of the cylinder sleeve;

[0013] When the piston is located at the lower limit, the piston ring is located at the lower side of the heat dissipation groove.

[0014] Preferably, the push switch is connected to a data processing module via a wire; the temperature monitoring element and the sound wave monitoring element are also connected to the data processing module via a wire;

[0015] The data processing module is used to receive the signals transmitted by the temperature monitoring element and the sound wave monitoring element, and monitor the wear state of the piston ring.

[0016] Preferably, the data processing module further comprises a start module, and the start module is used to start the temperature monitoring element, the sound wave monitoring element and the press switch to operate.

[0017] Preferably, there are at least two temperature monitoring elements on the outer side of a single cylinder liner.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1) During the power stroke of a diesel engine, diesel explosion and spontaneous combustion as well as the collision between the piston and the piston ring will all transmit vibrations. The present invention uses an acoustic wave monitoring element to monitor the frequency and amplitude of the vibrations transmitted during the power stroke of the diesel engine, and uses a temperature monitoring element to monitor the axial temperature of the outer wall of the cylinder liner, and then monitors the wear state of the piston ring, thereby analyzing whether the piston ring in a heavy-duty commercial vehicle diesel engine needs to be replaced; thereby avoiding the long-term use of excessively worn piston rings.

[0020] 2) This device analyzes the wear state range of the piston ring by monitoring the time difference between the vibration generated by the explosion (diesel spontaneous combustion) and the vibration generated by the collision (collision between the piston and the piston ring), and then determines the wear state of the piston ring through temperature changes; by monitoring the axial wear of the piston ring, it can be analyzed whether the piston ring needs to be replaced, thereby facilitating timely replacement of the piston ring.

[0021] 3) This device can individually monitor the piston rings in multiple cylinder liners of heavy-duty commercial vehicle diesel engines, accurately identify the cylinder liners corresponding to the piston rings that need to be replaced, and disassemble and replace the piston rings in the cylinder liners. The removable cylinder liners can reduce the time required for piston ring replacement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the gearbox structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the cylinder sleeve and the gear box of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the cylinder sleeve structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the support plate structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing frame of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the positions of the piston and piston ring of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the monitoring process of the present invention.

[0030] In the figure: 11 gear box, 12 clamping plate; 21 cylinder liner, 22 heat sink, 23 piston, 24 piston ring, 25 connecting rod, 26 crankshaft; 31 transverse shaft, 32 first bevel gear, 33 second bevel gear, 34 longitudinal shaft, 33 second bevel gear, 34 longitudinal shaft, 35 third bevel gear, 36 fourth bevel gear; 41 eccentric disk, 42 ​​push switch, 43 temperature monitoring element, 44 sound wave monitoring element, 45 micro motor bracket plate, 46 bracket plate, 47 fixing frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0033] Example:

[0034] See also Figure 1-8The present invention provides a technical solution: a heavy-duty commercial vehicle diesel engine piston ring wear state monitoring device, comprising a gear box 11, a cylinder liner 21 is arranged above the gear box 11 (the cylinder liner 21 is provided with necessary structures such as an intake nozzle, an exhaust nozzle and a fuel injection nozzle, these necessary structures all adopt the existing technology and are not described here), a threaded hole is opened above the gear box 11, a flange is arranged at the lower outer side of the cylinder liner 21, and the cylinder liner 21 can be fixed to the gear box 11 by bolts passing through the through holes of the flange and screwing with the threaded holes. Four or more cylinder liners 21 will be arranged on the heavy-duty commercial vehicle diesel engine. When a single cylinder liner 21 is worn, or the piston 23 and the piston ring 24 in the cylinder liner 21 are worn, the damaged parts can be replaced by disassembling the single cylinder liner 21. A piston 23 is movably arranged on the inner side of the cylinder liner 21, and a piston ring 24 is sleeved on the outer side of the piston 23 and is in contact with the inner wall of the cylinder liner 21. The piston ring 24 includes an air ring and an oil ring, and there are at least two air rings. A connecting rod 25 is hinged on the lower side of the piston 23. A crankshaft 26 is movably installed on the inner side of the gear box 11. The crankshaft 26 includes a transmission shaft and an eccentric wheel. The connecting rod 25 is hinged to the eccentric wheel on the crankshaft 26. The crankshaft 26 is a prior art structure, and a flywheel and a transmission wheel are also sleeved on its outer side.

[0035] A monitoring slot is provided above the gearbox 11, and a temperature monitoring element 43 and an acoustic wave monitoring element 44 are provided inside the monitoring slot. The number of monitoring slots is at least three, and the temperature monitoring element 43 and the acoustic wave monitoring element 44 are respectively installed in different monitoring slots. The number of temperature monitoring elements 43 is at least two, and the two temperature monitoring elements 43 are installed in different monitoring slots. The temperature monitoring elements 43 are rotationally symmetrical to ensure that the temperature monitoring elements 43 measure the same temperature change area outside the cylinder liner 21. The piston ring 24 has a docking interface, and the docking interface sometimes causes abnormal temperature changes; setting two or more temperature monitoring elements 43 can ensure that at least one temperature monitoring element 43 will not monitor the outer wall of the cylinder liner 21 corresponding to the docking interface of the piston ring 24, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the monitoring results.

[0036] The wear of the piston ring 24 includes radial wear, axial wear, end face wear and weakened elastic force. When it is worn, the diesel engine will experience abnormalities such as poor sealing and increased wear. When the piston ring 24 is in use, its first air ring is in contact with the high temperature of the diesel after combustion, resulting in the highest working temperature and the most susceptible to wear. Therefore, when monitoring the piston ring 24 in the working state, it is sufficient to monitor the first air ring. After the first air ring is damaged, the air ring will be replaced, and the remaining air rings and oil rings can be removed for status monitoring.

[0037] The intake stroke, compression stroke, power stroke and exhaust stroke are performed in sequence to complete a working cycle of the diesel engine. In the power stroke, high-pressure fuel is sprayed into the cylinder liner 21 from the fuel injector. After the diesel encounters the high-temperature and high-pressure air in the cylinder liner 21, it explodes and ignites to generate a large amount of heat energy, pushing the piston 23 to move downward. The piston 23 drives the crankshaft 26 to rotate through the connecting rod 25 to perform external work. During this period, when the piston 23 moves downward, it will hit the piston ring 24 to generate vibration (see Figure 7 (middle right figure, the gap is exaggerated). During the power stroke, the explosion and spontaneous combustion of diesel, the collision of piston 23 and piston ring 24, and the collision of piston 23 and connecting rod 25 will all vibrate and generate mechanical waves; among them, the explosion wave vibration frequency generated by the explosion and spontaneous combustion of diesel has the highest vibration frequency, while the collision wave vibration frequency generated by the collision of piston 23 and piston ring 24 is relatively low, and the collision vibration frequency between piston 23 and connecting rod 25 is the lowest. By monitoring the vibration frequency, the time difference Δt between the explosion and spontaneous combustion of diesel and the collision of piston 23 and piston ring 24 can be analyzed, Δt = T2-T1;

[0038] T1: The time from the start of the power stroke to the detection of the explosion wave;

[0039] T2: the time from the start of the power stroke to the detection of the collision wave;

[0040] By using the time difference Δt, it is analyzed whether the piston 23 and the piston ring 24 collide normally; when the piston 23 and the piston ring 24 do not collide within the set time, it means that the piston ring 24 has axial wear or weakened elasticity; by monitoring the amplitude and the time difference Δt, when the time difference Δt remains unchanged, the amplitude decreases, which means that the piston ring 24 has radial wear, end face wear or weakened elasticity. The sound wave monitoring element 44 is used to monitor the amplitude and frequency of the sound wave, which includes an amplitude monitoring module and a frequency monitoring module.

[0041] Among them, when the piston ring 24 has radial wear, end face wear and weakened elasticity, its sealing performance will deteriorate and the diesel engine wear will increase. At this time, the sealing ring needs to be replaced; when there is no airtightness problem in axial wear, the piston ring 24 does not need to be replaced. Therefore, after analyzing the axial wear or weakened elasticity through the vibration frequency and time difference Δt, it is necessary to further determine whether it is axial wear. The weakened elasticity will be accompanied by poor sealing performance. Therefore, judging the sealing performance here can analyze whether the piston ring needs to be replaced. After the airtightness is abnormal, the high-temperature gas will enter the lower part through the first gas ring. At this time, the high-temperature gas will be transmitted through the cylinder sleeve 21. The temperature monitoring element 43 is set on the outer wall of the cylinder sleeve 21. The temperature change in the axial direction of the outer wall of the cylinder sleeve 21 is monitored by the temperature monitoring element 43. When the high-temperature area does not extend out, it indicates that the airtightness is normal; otherwise, the airtightness is abnormal. However, when the wear thickness of the piston ring 24 reaches 1 mm, it is more likely to have airtightness abnormalities, so the piston ring 24 will also be replaced. The thickness of the piston ring 24 can be analyzed through the time difference Δt, so that the piston ring 24 can be replaced in time.

[0042] The waves generated by the diesel combustion explosion can be transmitted to the acoustic wave monitoring element 44 when:

[0043] t1: the time it takes for the waves generated by the diesel combustion explosion to be transmitted to the acoustic wave monitoring element 44;

[0044] L1: The distance between the diesel combustion explosion sound source and the acoustic wave monitoring element 44, which is a fixed value;

[0045] v: The transmission speed of the wave generated by diesel combustion explosion; it is a fixed value by default;

[0046] ε1: Deviation in the time of monitoring explosion wave;

[0047] The time taken for the wave generated by the collision between the piston 23 and the piston ring 24 to be transmitted to the acoustic wave monitoring element 44 is:

[0048]

[0049] t2: the time taken for the wave generated by the collision between the piston 23 and the piston ring 24 to be transmitted to the acoustic wave monitoring element 44;

[0050] L2: the distance between the explosion source and the first gas ring;

[0051] β: the angle between the line connecting the explosion sound source and the sound wave monitoring element 44 and the line connecting the explosion sound source and the collision sound source;

[0052] ε2: monitors the deviation in the collision wave time;

[0053] During the power stroke, the stroke ΔL when the piston 23 collides with the piston ring 24 is L2-L3;

[0054] ΔL: The distance traveled by the piston 23 when it collides with the piston ring 24 during diesel explosion (see Figure 7 , the gap position is exaggerated in the figure);

[0055] L3: The distance between the upper wall of the first gas ring groove on the piston and the explosion sound source; this is a fixed value;

[0056] ΔL corresponds to the rotation angle of the crankshaft 26:

[0057]

[0058] Δθ: ΔL corresponds to the rotation angle of the crankshaft 26;

[0059] L A : The distance between the transmission shaft center of the crankshaft 26 and the hinge point between the eccentric wheel and the connecting rod 25, fixed value;

[0060] L B : The distance between the transmission shaft axis of the crankshaft 26 and the hinge point between the connecting rod 25 and the piston 23 at the beginning of the power stroke;

[0061] L C : The distance between the two hinge points of the connecting rod 25, fixed value;

[0062] Time from explosion to collision between piston 23 and piston ring 24:

[0063] t3: the time difference between the diesel explosion and the collision between the piston 23 and the piston ring 24;

[0064] Δθ: the angle at which the crankshaft 26 rotates during this period;

[0065] The angular velocity of the flywheel; due to the large inertia of the flywheel, the angular velocity of the flywheel can be assumed to be constant during this period.

[0066] The time interval t between the explosion sound wave and the collision sound wave is detected Q :t Q =t2+t3-t1;

[0067] Under normal conditions, ΔL is constant, and the angular velocity of the flywheel (The angular velocity can be measured using an angular velocity measuring device or calculated by dividing the rotation angle of the crankshaft 26 by the time the switch 42 is pressed) Q , at this time t Q is equal to the time difference Δt; after the piston ring wears, ΔL changes, and t is calculated at this time QThere will be a difference between the time difference Δt, and the difference can be used to calculate the change in ΔL. In addition, when the elastic force of the piston ring 24 is weakened, it is easy for the piston ring 24 to move with the piston 23 without being hit. In this case, the calculated t Q There are also problems, so after calculating the change in ΔL, it is still necessary to verify it through temperature monitoring; it is just that the thickness of the piston ring 24 becomes thinner, and there is no problem with the sealing at this time, and the temperature in the axial direction will show a gradient change; when the elastic force of the piston ring 24 weakens, the sealing becomes abnormal, and the burning high-temperature gas will pass through the first gas ring. At this time, the monitored temperature will have an additional isothermal interval, and then there will be a gradient change; through this change, it can be determined whether there is an airtightness problem.

[0068] The piston ring 24 moves with the opening and closing of the cylinder liner 21 air nozzle, which is controlled by the rotation of the crankshaft 26 in the prior art; a transverse shaft 31 and a longitudinal shaft 34 are movably mounted on the housing of the gearbox 11, and the transverse shaft 31 and the longitudinal shaft 34 are connected to the housing of the gearbox 11 through bearings; a first bevel gear 32 is sleeved on the outer side of the transverse shaft 31, and a second bevel gear 33 and a third bevel gear 35 are sleeved on the outer side of the longitudinal shaft 34; the outer side of the crankshaft 26 A fourth bevel gear 36 is provided on the sleeve, which meshes with the third bevel gear 35, and the second bevel gear 33 meshes with the first bevel gear 32; by setting the transmission ratio of the bevel gears, the transmission ratio of the crankshaft 26 and the transverse shaft 31 is 2:1. After the diesel engine completes four strokes, the crankshaft 26 will rotate two circles, and the transverse shaft 31 will rotate one circle at this time; the control end of the air nozzle of the cylinder liner 21 is integrated into the transverse shaft 31 (this part adopts the existing technology and will not be repeated here).

[0069] A push switch 42 is provided on the outside of the gearbox 11, and an eccentric disk 41 is provided on the outside of the transverse shaft 31. The eccentric disk 41 corresponds to the push switch 42. When there are four cylinder sleeves 21, each of the four cylinder sleeves 21 corresponds to a stroke. When the diesel engine is in the power stroke, the eccentric disk 41 presses on the push switch 42, and the other three eccentric disks 41 do not squeeze the push switch 42. After the push switch 42 is pressed, a current is generated, and the time when the current is generated can be recorded by an oscilloscope. When the piston 23 is in the power stroke, its corresponding push switch 42 will be pressed. During this process, the crankshaft 26 will rotate half a circle. The angular velocity of the crankshaft 26 and the angular velocity of the flywheel can be calculated by the number of rotations of the crankshaft 26 and the time when the current is generated by the oscilloscope.

[0070] The push switch 42, the acoustic wave monitoring element 44, and the temperature monitoring element 43 are electrically connected; the acoustic wave monitoring element 44 and the temperature monitoring element 43 are both monitoring probes, and the amplitude monitoring module of the acoustic wave monitoring element 44 is also connected to a signal conditioning module, a data conversion module, and a data processing module through a wire; the amplitude monitoring module is used to collect the vibration amplitude of the wave and convert the vibration into an electrical signal; the signal conditioning module includes components such as an amplifier, a filter, and an isolator, which are used to amplify the electrical signal and filter noise and interference to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the signal; the data conversion module is used to convert the amplified electrical signal into a digital signal; the data processing module is used to process and analyze the digital signal. The amplitude monitoring module of the acoustic wave monitoring element 44 is also connected to a filtering module, a frequency measurement module, and a data processing module through a wire; the amplitude monitoring module is used to collect the vibration frequency of the wave and convert the vibration into an electrical signal; the filtering module is used for filtering processing to remove clutter and interference, and when necessary, it can also be connected to an amplification module for signal amplification; the frequency measurement module is used to measure the frequency of the signal; and the data processing module analyzes the signal frequency. The temperature monitoring element 43 includes a sensing module and a temperature simulation module; the sensing module is used to sense changes in ambient temperature; the temperature simulation module is used to convert temperature into voltage to obtain a temperature value, and upload the temperature value to the data processing module. When the push switch 42 is pressed, a current is generated, and the oscilloscope records the current and time, and transmits the data to the data processing module.

[0071] The push switch 42, the temperature monitoring element 43, the sound wave monitoring element 44 and the data processing module are electrically connected; when monitoring the state of the piston ring 24, the frequency and amplitude of the wave are monitored simultaneously; the time difference Δt and t Q Abnormalities and smaller collision amplitudes occur (since there are two or more gas rings, the amplitude changes can be known by comparing the collision amplitudes of the two gas rings and the piston 23; since there will be temperature interference, the temperature interference needs to be removed here, and the interference is used as the normal range of amplitude changes). As long as the amplitude becomes smaller, it means that the piston ring 24 is worn (radial wear, end face wear and weakened elasticity), and the worn gas ring in the piston ring 24 needs to be replaced. The remaining gas rings and oil rings can be removed together for monitoring when the damaged gas ring is replaced. Only the time difference Δt and t Q If any abnormality occurs, temperature monitoring is required; when the temperature of the outer wall of the cylinder liner 21 changes in steps from top to bottom, it means that the piston ring 24 only has axial wear; when the temperature of the outer wall of the cylinder liner 21 presents a constant temperature range on the upper side and a step-by-step change occurs on the lower side, it means that the elastic force of the piston ring 24 is weakened, and the piston ring 24 needs to be replaced.

[0072] The wear of the piston ring is the inevitable result of its long-term operation. During monitoring, it is only necessary to monitor it regularly to ensure that it will not affect the operation of the diesel engine of a heavy-duty commercial vehicle. Therefore, a startup module is set in the data processing module. When monitoring is required, the startup module connects the power supply of the temperature monitoring element 43, the sound wave monitoring element 44 and the push switch 42. The sound wave monitoring element 44 starts to monitor the frequency and amplitude of the wave. If necessary, the temperature monitoring element 43 will monitor the axial temperature of the outer wall of the cylinder liner 21; the push switch 42 will count the time of the power stroke. When the piston ring 24 is just used, the startup frequency of the startup module can be lower, such as monitoring once every 100 kilometers for a heavy-duty commercial vehicle; when the piston ring 24 has wear that can be monitored in the axial direction, the monitoring frequency is increased, such as monitoring once every 20 kilometers for a heavy-duty commercial vehicle.

[0073] Clamping plates 12 are installed on the front and rear sides of the upper part of the gear box 11. The gear box 11 and the clamping plates 12 are fixed by bolts, so that the clamping plates 12 can be removed. The clamping plates 12 on both sides are provided with fixing grooves on the sides close to each other. The clamping plates 12 are clamped on the outside of the cylinder sleeve 21 through the fixing grooves. The clamping plates 12 are fixed by bolts, and then the cylinder sleeve 21 is clamped by the clamping plates 12 to prevent the cylinder sleeve 21 from shaking. After removing the clamping plates 12, several cylinder sleeves 21 can be removed. When the piston ring 24 in a cylinder sleeve 21 needs to be replaced, the cylinder sleeve 21 can be removed to facilitate the replacement of the piston ring 24.

[0074] The outer side of the cylinder sleeve 21 is detachably connected with a heat dissipation sleeve, and a heat dissipation groove 22 is arranged between the inner wall of the heat dissipation sleeve and the outer wall of the cylinder sleeve 21; the heat dissipation sleeve is provided with a water inlet and a drain outlet connected to the outside world. When the diesel engine is working, heat dissipation is required. The cooling water is pumped into the water inlet through an external water pump and then discharged from the drain outlet to dissipate the heat of the cylinder sleeve 21. When the piston 23 slides up and down in the cylinder sleeve 21, there is an upper limit and a lower limit. The piston 23 moves back and forth between the upper limit and the lower limit. When the piston 23 is located at the lower limit, the piston ring 24 is located at the lower side of the heat dissipation groove 22; the piston ring 24 extends out of the heat dissipation groove 22, so that the heat conducted by the piston ring 24 can be monitored. In order to prevent the cylinder sleeve 21 from being overheated, the distance that the first gas ring in the piston ring 24 extends out of the heat dissipation groove 22 is less than 1 cm. In order to facilitate the processing of the heat dissipation groove 22, an external thread is arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder sleeve 21, and an internal thread is arranged on the inner side of the heat dissipation sleeve. The heat dissipation sleeve and the cylinder sleeve 21 are connected by threads to form a seal.

[0075] Embodiment 1:

[0076] See also Figure 5The present invention provides a technical solution: a support plate 46 is installed on the inner side of the monitoring groove, the temperature monitoring element 43 is hinged to the support plate 46, and a limit groove for limiting the rotation angle of the temperature monitoring element 43 is arranged on the inner side of the support plate 46; when the temperature monitoring element 43 rotates, it will contact the cavity walls on both sides of the limit groove, and then be restricted by the cavity walls of the limit groove and cannot continue to rotate. Its rotation path projected onto the cylinder sleeve 21 is linear, and the temperature change of the outer wall of the cylinder sleeve 21 in the axial direction can be obtained by measuring the temperature on the linear path; a micro motor 45 for driving the temperature monitoring element 43 to rotate is installed on the outer side of the support plate 46, and a torque limiter can be arranged between the output shaft of the micro motor 45 and the rotating shaft of the temperature monitoring element 43 to prevent the temperature monitoring element 43 from excessively squeezing the cavity wall of the limit groove.

[0077] Embodiment 2:

[0078] See also Figure 6 The present invention provides a technical solution: a fixing frame 47 is installed on the inner side of the monitoring groove, a temperature monitoring element 43 is installed on the side of the fixing frame 47 close to the cylinder liner 21, and the temperature monitoring element 43 is in contact with the cylinder liner 21. More than three temperature sensing points are arranged on the temperature monitoring element 43, and the temperature sensing points are used to measure the temperature of the outer wall of the cylinder liner 21; when the air tightness of the piston ring 24 is abnormal, at least two of the temperature sensing points can monitor the same temperature; when the air tightness of the piston ring 24 is normal, the temperatures that can be monitored by the temperature sensing points are all different. There is a small angle ( Figure 6 The angle is exaggerated in the figure), and several temperature sensing points on the temperature monitoring element 43 can measure different positions in the axial direction (when the piston ring 24 dissipates heat, it will transfer the heat to the outer wall of the cylinder liner 21, and the temperature difference on the same circular ring of the cylinder liner 21 can be ignored). The existence of the angle can avoid the distance between the temperature sensing points being too close.

[0079] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention; therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is limited by the attached claims rather than the above description. Therefore, it is intended to include all changes within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims in the present invention, and any figure marks in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0080] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A heavy-duty commercial vehicle diesel engine piston ring wear state monitoring device, comprising a gearbox (11), a cylinder liner (21) is arranged above the gearbox (11), a piston (23) is movably arranged inside the cylinder liner (21), and a piston ring (24) is sleeved on the outer side of the piston (23) and is in contact with the inner wall of the cylinder liner (21); a connecting rod (25) is hinged on the lower side of the piston (23); the inner side of the gearbox (11) is movably mounted on a crankshaft (26), and the connecting rod (25) is hinged on the crankshaft (26), and the characteristics are: A monitoring groove is provided above the gear box (11), and a temperature monitoring element (43) and a sound wave monitoring element (44) are provided inside the monitoring groove. The temperature monitoring element (43) is used to monitor the temperature change in the axial direction of the outer wall of the cylinder liner (21), and the sound wave monitoring element (44) is used to monitor the vibration frequency and vibration amplitude transmitted during the power stroke of the diesel engine. A transverse shaft (31) and a longitudinal shaft (34) are movably mounted on the housing of the gear box (11); a first bevel gear (32) is sleeved on the outer side of the transverse shaft (31); a second bevel gear (33) and a third bevel gear (35) are sleeved on the outer side of the longitudinal shaft (34); a fourth bevel gear (36) is sleeved on the outer side of the crankshaft (26); the fourth bevel gear (36) is meshed with the third bevel gear (35); and the second bevel gear (33) is meshed with the first bevel gear (32); A push switch (42) is arranged on the outer side of the gear box (11), an eccentric disk (41) is sleeved on the outer side of the transverse shaft (31), the number of cylinder sleeves (21) and eccentric disks (41) are both four, and the cylinder sleeves (21) and the eccentric disks (41) correspond one to one; in the diesel engine, the eccentric disk (41) corresponding to the cylinder sleeve (21) in the power stroke presses on the push switch (42), and the other three eccentric disks (41) will not squeeze the push switch (42); the push switch (42), the sound wave monitoring element (44), and the temperature monitoring element (43) are electrically connected.

2. The heavy-duty commercial vehicle diesel engine piston ring wear state monitoring device according to claim 1 is characterized by: A support plate (46) is installed on the inner side of the monitoring slot, the temperature monitoring element (43) is hinged to the support plate (46), and a limit groove for limiting the rotation angle of the temperature monitoring element (43) is arranged on the inner side of the support plate (46); a micro motor (45) for driving the temperature monitoring element (43) to rotate is installed on the outer side of the support plate (46).

3. The heavy-duty commercial vehicle diesel engine piston ring wear state monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixing frame (47) is installed on the inner side of the monitoring groove, and a temperature monitoring element (43) is installed on a side of the fixing frame (47) close to the cylinder sleeve (21), and the temperature monitoring element (43) is in contact with the cylinder sleeve (21), and more than three temperature sensing points are arranged on the temperature monitoring element (43).

4. The heavy-duty commercial vehicle diesel engine piston ring wear state monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Clamping plates (12) are installed on the upper front and rear sides of the gear box (11), and fixing grooves are provided on the sides of the clamping plates (12) close to each other. The clamping plates (12) are clamped on the outer side of the cylinder sleeve (21) through the fixing grooves.

5. The heavy-duty commercial vehicle diesel engine piston ring wear state monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat dissipation sleeve is detachably connected to the outer side of the cylinder sleeve (21), and a heat dissipation groove (22) is provided between the inner wall of the heat dissipation sleeve and the outer wall of the cylinder sleeve (21); When the piston (23) is located at the lower limit, the piston ring (24) is located at the lower side of the heat dissipation groove (22).

6. The heavy-duty commercial vehicle diesel engine piston ring wear state monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The push switch (42) is connected to the data processing module via a wire; the temperature monitoring element (43) and the sound wave monitoring element (44) are also connected to the data processing module via a wire; The data processing module is used to receive signals transmitted by the temperature monitoring element (43) and the sound wave monitoring element (44), and monitor the wear state of the piston ring (24).

7. The heavy-duty commercial vehicle diesel engine piston ring wear state monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The data processing module also includes a start-up module, which is used to start the temperature monitoring element (43), the sound wave monitoring element (44) and the push switch (42) to operate.

8. The heavy-duty commercial vehicle diesel engine piston ring wear state monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are at least two temperature monitoring elements (43) on the outside of a single cylinder liner (21).

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