Adjustable high-precision speed reducer

Abstract

The invention discloses an adjustable high-precision speed reducer which comprises a box body, an input shaft, an output shaft and a worm and gear structure, the worm and gear structure comprises a worm gear and a double-lead worm, the worm gear is connected with the output shaft, an axial adjusting structure is arranged at the shaft end of one side of the double-lead worm, and the output shaft is connected with the output shaft. The shaft end on the other side of the double-lead worm is connected with the input shaft, and a set axial allowance for axial movement of the double-lead worm is formed on the shaft end on the other side of the double-lead worm. According to the speed reducer structure, torque transmission is achieved through a double-lead worm and gear structure, the axial position of a double-lead worm can be adjusted after the double-lead worm is abraded after being used for a long time in cooperation with an axial adjusting structure, the position, with the proper tooth thickness, on the double-lead worm is fully meshed with a worm gear, the meshing transmission precision is maintained, and the transmission efficiency is improved. The working stability of the speed reducer is guaranteed, and the service life is greatly prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of transmission devices and relates to an adjustable high-precision reducer. Background Art

[0002] In the mechanism used to transmit power and motion, the application range of reducers is quite wide, among which worm gear reducer is a more common one. It uses a gear speed converter to reduce the number of revolutions of the motor to the desired number of revolutions and obtain a larger torque.

[0003] In some usage scenarios accompanied by large centrifugal forces, such as the rotating tool selection process of the tool magazine in processing equipment, the large centrifugal force will cause greater wear on the traditional worm gears. Long-term use will cause the speed reducer's own accuracy to drop rapidly, affecting the overall use effect of the equipment. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an adjustable high-precision reducer.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: An adjustable high-precision reducer comprises a housing, an input shaft, an output shaft and a worm gear structure, wherein the worm gear structure comprises a worm wheel and a double-lead worm, wherein the worm wheel is connected to the output shaft, an axial adjustment structure is provided on one side of the shaft end of the double-lead worm, and the other side of the shaft end is connected to the input shaft and is formed with a set axial margin for axial movement of the double-lead worm; an axial elastic structure for forming an axial thrust to the double-lead worm is provided in the middle of the double-lead worm.

[0006] Furthermore, the axial adjustment structure includes an adjustment sleeve, which is coaxially and rotatably arranged on the outer periphery of the double-lead worm, and a connecting port for threaded connection with the adjustment sleeve is arranged on one side of the box body.

[0007] Furthermore, a slot is provided on one side of the connection port, and a screw hole is provided through the slot.

[0008] Furthermore, the axial elastic structure includes a retaining ring, an elastic ring and a support bearing arranged on the outer periphery of the double-lead worm gear, the retaining ring is fixedly connected to the inner periphery of the housing, the support bearing is cooperatively connected to the outer periphery of the double-lead worm gear, the axial ends of the elastic ring are respectively against the retaining ring and the support bearing, and the elastic ring is provided with a set deformation amount along the axial direction.

[0009] Furthermore, the elastic ring includes a first ring plate and a second ring plate stacked along the axial direction, the inner periphery of the first ring plate is provided with an inner step protruding along the axial direction, and the outer periphery of the second ring plate is provided with an outer step protruding along the axial direction, the inner step abuts against the second ring plate, and the outer step abuts against the retaining ring.

[0010] Furthermore, the support bearing is a tapered roller bearing.

[0011] Furthermore, the double-lead worm is key-connected to the input shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, the input shaft is provided with an axial hole for passing the double-lead worm, and the outer circumference of the input shaft is provided with an expansion sleeve for clamping the input shaft and the double-lead worm.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes an output planetary structure, which includes an inner ring gear, an output planetary carrier, planetary wheels and a sun gear shaft, the inner ring gear is fixedly connected to the housing, the planetary wheels are connected to the output planetary carrier, one end of the output shaft is connected to the output planetary carrier, the outer side of the planetary wheel is meshed with the inner ring gear, the inner side of the planetary wheel is meshed with the sun gear shaft, and one end of the sun gear shaft is connected to the worm gear.

[0014] Furthermore, an output flange is provided at the shaft end of the output shaft, and the output flange and the shaft end of the output shaft form an integral structure.

[0015] In summary, the present invention is beneficial in that: The reducer structure of the present invention adopts a double-lead worm gear structure to realize torque transmission, and cooperates with the axial adjustment structure to realize that the axial position of the double-lead worm can be adjusted after long-term use due to wear, so that the position of the double-lead worm with appropriate tooth thickness can be fully meshed with the worm wheel to maintain the accuracy of the meshing transmission, thereby ensuring the stability of the reducer and greatly extending its service life. At the same time, the axial elastic structure provides thrust for the double-lead worm, so that the stability and accuracy of the axial adjustment are better, which is conducive to adjusting the reducer to the optimal working state. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the reducer of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of A.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the reducer of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the reducer of the present invention in another direction.

[0020] Markings in the figure: 1. housing; 2. input shaft; 21. shaft hole; 22. expansion sleeve; 31. double-lead worm; 32. worm wheel; 33. transmission flange; 34. connecting flange; 4. adjustment sleeve; 41. slot; 51. support bearing; 521. first ring piece; 522. inner step; 531. second ring piece; 532. outer step; 54. retaining ring; 6. output shaft; 61. output flange; 62. round nut; 71. output planetary carrier; 72. inner ring gear; 73. sun gear shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention by specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0022] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present invention, and thus the drawings only show components related to the present invention rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity and proportion of each component may be changed arbitrarily, and the component layout may also be more complicated.

[0023] All directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, horizontal, vertical...) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0024] Due to installation errors and other reasons, the parallel relationship referred to in the embodiments of the present invention may actually be an approximately parallel relationship, and the vertical relationship may actually be an approximately vertical relationship.

[0025] The present embodiment provides an adjustable high-precision reducer, which is a torque reducer used in tool magazine rotary tool selection work, and includes a housing 1, an input shaft 2, an output shaft 6 and a worm gear structure.

[0026] The input shaft 2 is disposed at one side of the housing 1 , and one axial end of the input shaft 2 is outwardly formed as an input end for external torque input.

[0027] Reference Figure 1As shown, the worm gear structure includes a worm wheel 32 and a double-lead worm 31. The double-lead worm 31 is coaxially connected with the input shaft 2 and is arranged in the housing 1 to realize the torque transmission from the input shaft 2 to the double-lead worm 31. Furthermore, the outer peripheral sleeve of the input shaft 2 is provided with a deep groove ball bearing to provide rotational support and adjust the coaxiality of the double-lead worm 31 and the input shaft 2, effectively avoiding torque transmission failure and abnormal transmission noise caused by coaxiality problems.

[0028] In some embodiments, the axial end of the double-lead worm 31 is passed through the axial end of the input shaft 2, and the double-lead worm 31 forms a key connection with the input shaft 2, so that while transmitting torque, it also has a certain axial margin so that the double-lead worm 31 can slide axially relative to the input shaft 2.

[0029] In other embodiments, an axial hole 21 of a set depth is formed axially inwardly on the input shaft 2, and the axial end of the dual-lead worm 31 is inserted into the axial hole 21, and a certain axial margin is provided between the axial hole 21 and the inner wall of the axial hole 21 for adjustment. An expansion sleeve 22 is provided on the outer periphery of the input shaft 2, and the expansion sleeve 22 clamps the input shaft 2 and the dual-lead worm 31 inwardly, thereby supporting stable transmission of torque and effectively reducing wear and slippage caused by long-term use.

[0030] The worm wheel 32 is arranged in the housing 1 and meshes with the double-lead worm 31 to realize the torque transmission from the double-lead worm 31 to the worm wheel 32. A transmission flange 33 is arranged at one end of the worm wheel 32. The transmission flange 33 is coaxially arranged with the worm wheel 32 and is fixedly connected by a needle sleeve so that the transmission flange 33 transmits the output torque outward.

[0031] The transmission flange 33 and the housing 1 are positioned and supported by tapered roller bearings to ensure the stability of the rotation of the transmission flange 33 and prevent movement.

[0032] In the application scenario of the reducer described in this embodiment, there will be a large centrifugal force during the tool magazine rotation and tool selection process, which will cause great wear on the gears of the worm gear of the reducer. Long-term use will lead to a decrease in the accuracy of the reducer itself and affect the use of the overall tool magazine. Therefore, as a preferred embodiment, the helical teeth on the double-lead worm 31 described in this embodiment are arranged in a form in which the tooth thickness gradually increases or decreases along the axial direction. When wear occurs after long-term use, the tooth thickness of the meshing part with the worm wheel 32 is adjusted by setting the axial position of the double-lead worm 31 that meshes with the worm wheel 32 to ensure sufficient meshing between the teeth.

[0033] Furthermore, an axial adjustment structure is provided for adjusting the axial position of the double-lead worm 31. The axial adjustment structure includes an adjustment sleeve 4. The adjustment sleeve 4 is a hollow cylindrical structure. One side of the shaft end of the double-lead worm 31 is inserted into the adjustment sleeve 4, and one or more tapered roller bearings are provided on the outer periphery of the shaft end of the double-lead worm 31. The outer periphery of the tapered roller bearing is installed in cooperation with the inner periphery of the adjustment sleeve 4 to form a positioning support for the double-lead worm 31 and rotation relative to the adjustment sleeve 4.

[0034] The outer circumference of the adjusting sleeve 4 is provided with threads so that the adjusting sleeve 4 and the housing 1 are installed in a threaded connection, so that the adjusting sleeve 4 can be rotated to adjust the depth of the adjusting sleeve 4 relative to the housing 1, and then the axial position of the double-lead worm 31 is adjusted so that the appropriate tooth thickness position on the double-lead worm 31 is engaged with the worm wheel 32.

[0035] Further, see Figure 3 A slot 41 of a set thickness is radially arranged at the connection port for installing the adjustment sleeve 4 on the box body 1, and a screw hole is arranged through the slot 41. After the adjustment sleeve 4 is set to a set depth in the box body 1, a screw is screwed into the screw hole and tightened to make the slot 41 deform to a certain extent, so that the thread on the inner circumference of the box body 1 is clamped with the thread of the adjustment sleeve 4, so that the adjustment sleeve 4 cannot rotate in this state, thereby achieving the positioning effect of the adjustment sleeve 4 and the double-lead worm 31.

[0036] An oil seal is arranged inside the adjusting sleeve 4 near the outer opening.

[0037] The axial position adjustment effect of the double-lead worm 31 will also bring about a certain axial matching error, which may cause the user to adjust the axial position of the double-lead worm 31 inaccurately, and the double-lead worm 31 may move or shake during operation. Therefore, in some embodiments, an axial elastic structure is also provided. Figure 2 As shown, it includes a retaining ring 54, an elastic ring and a support bearing 51, which are all coaxially arranged on the outer periphery of the double-lead worm 31, wherein the support bearing 51 is preferably a tapered roller bearing, the retaining ring 54 is fixedly clamped on the inner circumferential wall of the housing 1, the support bearing 51 is matched and connected to the outer circumferential wall of the double-lead worm 31, and one axial end of the support bearing 51 abuts against the flange on the outer periphery of the double-lead worm 31, the elastic ring is arranged between the retaining ring 54 and the support bearing 51, the elastic ring is annular in structure, and the axial ends of the elastic ring abut against the retaining ring 54 and the support bearing 51 respectively, forming an axial support for the double-lead worm 31, and the elastic ring includes a first ring piece 521 and a second ring piece 531 coaxially stacked, wherein the inner periphery of the first ring piece 521 is axially protruding with an inner step 522, and the outer periphery of the second ring piece 531 is axially protruding with an outer step 532.

[0038] When the elastic ring is set, the first ring piece 521 is against the support bearing 51, the inner step 522 is against the second ring piece 531, and the outer step 532 is against the retaining ring 54, so that the first ring piece 521 can have a certain deformation amount relative to the inner step 522 in the axial direction, and the second ring piece 531 can have a certain deformation amount relative to the outer step 532 in the axial direction. When the double-lead worm 31 is adjusting its axial position, the elastic ring will deform to a certain extent to generate a reverse thrust on the double-lead worm 31, thereby effectively controlling the axial position stability of the double-lead worm 31, eliminating the axial gap, and avoiding movement and shaking during operation. In addition, the reverse thrust of the elastic ring makes the axial movement of the double-lead worm 31 more stable, thereby making the position adjustment more accurate.

[0039] The box body 1 is provided with a transparent window made of glass, plastic or other materials, so as to facilitate observation of the interior of the box body 1 and confirm the axial position of the double-lead worm 31 .

[0040] Reference Figure 4 The output shaft 6 is arranged on the other side of the housing 1, and one of the shaft ends of the output shaft 6 forms an output end on the housing 1. The output shaft 6 is connected to the inner wall of the housing 1 in the circumferential direction through a tapered roller bearing to achieve positioning support and rotation of the output shaft 6. A connecting flange 34 is fixedly connected to the transmission flange 33, and the output shaft 6 is connected to the connecting flange 34, so that the transmission flange 33 transmits torque to the output shaft 6 through the connecting flange 34.

[0041] An output flange 61 is provided at the other axial end of the output shaft 6. The output flange 61 is used to form a connection with an external output device to output torque. The output flange 61 forms an integral structure with the output shaft 6, replacing the original output flange 61 output structure's shaft hole 21 flat key connection or spline connection, so that the stress on the output flange 61 in this embodiment is dispersed to the entire output shaft 6, thereby increasing the load-bearing torque and reducing the conduction error.

[0042] The outer periphery of the output shaft 6 is also threadedly connected with a round nut 62 and a locking washer. The round nut 62 axially abuts against one end of the tapered roller bearing on the output shaft 6 to lock the tapered roller bearing in the axial direction to effectively prevent axial movement of the output shaft 6 and prevent the round nut 62 from loosening through the locking washer.

[0043] In order to enhance the load bearing capacity of the output shaft 6 and enhance the transmission stability, the present embodiment also includes an output planetary structure, which includes an inner ring gear 72, an output planetary carrier 71, planetary wheels, and a sun gear shaft 73. The inner ring gear 72 is fixedly connected to the housing 1, and the number of planetary wheels is set to be multiple and is rotatably arranged on the output planetary carrier 71 in a circular array distribution manner. The inner ring gear 72 is meshed with the outer peripheral side of the circular array of multiple planetary wheels. One end of the output shaft 6 is fixedly connected to the output planetary carrier 71 along the axial direction of the output planetary carrier 71, one end of the sun gear shaft 73 is connected to the connecting flange 34 in the form of a key connection, and the other end is meshed with the inner peripheral side of the circular array of multiple planetary wheels. The rotation of the connecting flange 34 is transmitted to the planetary wheels through the sun gear shaft 73, and then the output shaft 6 is driven to rotate through the output planetary carrier 71.

Claims

1. An adjustable high-precision reducer, characterized in that: The invention comprises a housing (1), an input shaft (2), an output shaft (6), and a worm gear structure, wherein the worm gear structure comprises a worm wheel (32) and a double-lead worm (31), wherein the worm wheel (32) is connected to the output shaft (6), wherein one side shaft end of the double-lead worm (31) is provided with an axial adjustment structure, and the other side shaft end is connected to the input shaft (2) and forms a set axial margin for axial movement of the double-lead worm (31); and an axial elastic structure for forming an axial thrust on the double-lead worm (31) is provided in the middle of the double-lead worm (31).

2. The adjustable high-precision reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial adjustment structure comprises an adjustment sleeve (4), the adjustment sleeve (4) being coaxially and rotatably arranged on the outer periphery of the double-lead worm (31), and a connection port for threaded connection with the adjustment sleeve (4) being arranged on one side of the housing (1).

3. The adjustable high-precision reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that: A slot (41) is provided on one side of the connection port, and a screw hole is provided through the slot (41).

4. An adjustable high-precision reducer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The axial elastic structure comprises a retaining ring (54), an elastic ring and a support bearing (51) arranged on the outer periphery of the double-lead worm (31); the retaining ring (54) is fixedly connected to the inner periphery of the housing (1); the support bearing (51) is cooperatively connected to the outer periphery of the double-lead worm (31); the axial ends of the elastic ring are respectively against the retaining ring (54) and the support bearing (51); and the elastic ring is provided with a set deformation amount along the axial direction.

5. The adjustable high-precision reducer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The elastic ring comprises a first ring plate (521) and a second ring plate (531) which are stacked in an axial direction, wherein the inner circumference of the first ring plate (521) is provided with an inner step (522) which protrudes in the axial direction, and the outer circumference of the second ring plate (531) is provided with an outer step (532) which protrudes in the axial direction, wherein the inner step (522) abuts against the second ring plate (531), and the outer step (532) abuts against the retaining ring (54).

6. The adjustable high-precision reducer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support bearing (51) is a tapered roller bearing.

7. The adjustable high-precision reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The double-lead worm (31) is key-connected to the input shaft (2).

8. The adjustable high-precision reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input shaft (2) is provided with a shaft hole (21) for passing the double-lead worm (31), and the outer circumference of the input shaft (2) is provided with an expansion sleeve (22) for clamping the input shaft (2) and the double-lead worm (31).

9. The adjustable high-precision reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises an output planetary structure, wherein the output planetary structure comprises an inner gear ring (72), an output planetary carrier (71), planetary wheels and a sun gear shaft (73), wherein the inner gear ring (72) is fixedly connected to the housing (1), the planetary wheels are connected to the output planetary carrier (71), one end of the output shaft (6) is connected to the output planetary carrier (71), the outer side of the planetary wheels is meshed with the inner gear ring (72), the inner side of the planetary wheels is meshed with the sun gear shaft (73), and one end of the sun gear shaft (73) is connected to the worm gear (32).

10. The adjustable high-precision reducer according to claim 9, characterized in that: An output flange (61) is provided at the shaft end of the output shaft (6), and the output flange (61) and the shaft end of the output shaft (6) form an integral structure.

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