Ring vortex-pre-evaporation combustion chamber

Abstract

The invention provides an annular vortex-pre-evaporation combustion chamber which comprises a cartridge receiver assembly, a flame tube assembly, an oil supply assembly and an evaporation pipe, and an air inlet is formed in the cartridge receiver assembly; the flame tube assembly is communicated with an air inlet of the cartridge receiver assembly; an ignition electric nozzle is arranged in the flame tube assembly; a ring vortex structure is formed in the flame tube assembly; the oil supply assembly is arranged on the casing assembly; the inlet end of the evaporation pipe communicates with the outlet end of the oil supply assembly, and the outlet end of the evaporation pipe communicates with the interior of the flame tube assembly. The evaporation pipe is suitable for evaporating fuel oil and mixing with air to form an oil-gas mixture; air entering from the air inlet and an oil-gas mixture form mixed airflow in the flame tube assembly, and the mixed airflow forms an annular vortex field when flowing on the annular vortex structure. And under the action of the annular vortex field, the mixed airflow is in multiple contact with the ignition electric nozzle. According to the combustion chamber, through the arrangement of the structure, the probability that an oil-gas mixture is ignited can be greatly increased, and the ignition performance and the combustion efficiency of the combustion chamber are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of aeroengines, and in particular to a vortex-preevaporation combustion chamber. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the aviation industry, the operating environment of aircraft engines is becoming more and more complex, so the combustion chamber needs to be suitable for different working conditions. Under some harsh working conditions, the combustion chamber needs higher ignition and starting characteristics and working characteristics. The existing combustion chambers are divided into evaporator annular combustion chambers and multi-swirl annular combustion chambers. Since the evaporator annular combustion chamber needs to heat the oil-gas mixture in the evaporator, it mainly relies on the aerodynamic force of the air to atomize to form droplets, and then enters the flame tube to evaporate and burn under the heating effect of the residual gas in the flame tube. However, under some relatively harsh working conditions, the evaporation rate of the fuel in the evaporator is low, which will affect the ignition and starting characteristics of the combustion chamber; the multi-swirl annular combustion chamber mainly generates multiple independent swirls around the entire circumference of the combustion chamber through a vortex finder, and uses the structural form of a multi-stage vortex finder to stabilize and organize combustion, and then uses a centrifugal nozzle to atomize the liquid fuel, so that the tiny droplets are further atomized under the action of the swirl, so that after entering the flame tube, they quickly evaporate under the action of the igniter and mix with the air to burn, but this type of combustion chamber often needs to be assisted by complex swirlers and dual-oil centrifugal nozzles and other structures, which increases the design and manufacturing cost of the combustion chamber. Summary of the invention

[0003] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art that the use of the engine is affected due to the slow ignition start of the existing combustion chamber and the failure of the combustion chamber to ignite under severe working conditions.

[0004] To this end, the present invention provides a vortex-pre-evaporation combustion chamber, comprising:

[0005] The casing assembly is provided with an inner cavity, and the inner cavity is provided with an air inlet;

[0006] A flame tube assembly is arranged in the inner cavity and communicated with the air inlet of the casing assembly; an ignition nozzle is arranged in the flame tube assembly; and a ring vortex structure is formed in the flame tube assembly;

[0007] An oil supply assembly is arranged on the casing assembly; the oil supply assembly is used to provide fuel;

[0008] an evaporator pipe, wherein the inlet end of the evaporator pipe is connected to the outlet end of the fuel supply assembly, and the outlet end of the evaporator pipe is connected to the interior of the flame tube assembly; after the evaporator pipe evaporates the liquid fuel to form gaseous fuel, the gaseous fuel is mixed with air to form an oil-gas mixture;

[0009] The air entering from the air inlet and the oil-gas mixture form a mixed airflow in the flame tube assembly, and the mixed airflow forms an annular vortex flow field when flowing on the annular vortex structure; under the action of the annular vortex flow field, the mixed airflow contacts the ignition nozzle multiple times.

[0010] Optionally, the flame tube assembly includes:

[0011] A flame tube shell is arranged in the inner cavity and connected to the casing assembly, and the flame tube shell is provided with the evaporation tube;

[0012] The flame tube head is arranged on the flame tube housing, the flame tube head is connected with the air inlet of the casing assembly; an ignition nozzle is arranged in the flame tube head; the flame tube head is in a ring vortex structure;

[0013] The flame tube inner shell has one end connected to the flame tube head and the other end connected to the casing assembly.

[0014] Optionally, the flame tube head is provided with an annular vortex sheet, and the annular vortex sheet is provided in multiple rows, and the multiple rows of annular vortex sheets form the annular vortex structure.

[0015] Optionally, the annular vortex sheet covers a portion of the flame tube head.

[0016] Optionally, the annular vortex sheets only cover half of the area of ​​the flame tube head, and a part of the annular vortex sheets is close to the flame tube outer shell, and the other part is close to the flame tube inner shell, so that all the annular vortex sheets are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0017] Optionally, the ratio of the arc length of a single annular vortex sheet to the arc length of the flame tube head is less than 60%.

[0018] Optionally, the flame tube head is also provided with an air inlet hole, and the air inlet hole is connected to the air inlet of the casing assembly; the air inlet holes are provided in multiple rows, and the multiple rows of air inlet holes are staggered; the air inlet holes are arranged corresponding to the annular vortex sheets.

[0019] Optionally, the evaporator tube is divided into a plurality of evaporator branches, which are obliquely inserted into the flame tube assembly so that the oil-gas mixture ejected from the evaporator tube enters the flame tube assembly along the tangent direction of the annular vortex structure; and the plurality of evaporator branches are evenly distributed around the circumference of the flame tube outer shell.

[0020] Optionally, the flame tube inner shell is provided with an inner shell main combustion hole and an inner shell mixing hole, the inner shell main combustion hole is arranged at one end of the flame tube inner shell close to the flame tube head, and the inner shell mixing hole is arranged at one end of the flame tube inner shell away from the flame tube head.

[0021] Optionally, an outer shell air film hole is provided at the connection between the flame tube outer shell and the flame tube head, and an inner shell air film hole is provided at the connection between the flame tube inner shell and the flame tube head. The outer shell air film hole and the inner shell air film hole are suitable for forming an air film on the wall surface of the flame tube outer shell and the flame tube inner shell to prevent flame tube wall erosion.

[0022] Optionally, the flame tube assembly further includes:

[0023] An exhaust elbow is arranged on the flame tube outer shell and the flame tube inner shell, and the exhaust elbow is suitable for discharging the oil-gas mixture after combustion.

[0024] Optionally, the exhaust elbow comprises:

[0025] A first curved pipe is arranged on the outer shell of the flame tube and connected to the casing assembly;

[0026] The second curved pipe is arranged on the inner shell of the flame tube and is connected to the casing assembly.

[0027] Optionally, the casing assembly comprises:

[0028] Combustion chamber outer casing;

[0029] The inner casing of the combustion chamber is connected to the outer casing of the combustion chamber;

[0030] The diffuser casing is arranged on the outer casing of the combustion chamber and the inner casing of the combustion chamber, and the diffuser casing is suitable for installing a diffuser.

[0031] Optionally, the oil supply assembly comprises:

[0032] An oil supply nozzle is arranged on the combustion chamber outer casing, and the outlet end of the oil supply nozzle extends into the inlet of the evaporation tube;

[0033] The starting nozzle is arranged on the outer casing of the combustion chamber, and the outlet end of the starting nozzle passes through the outer shell of the flame tube and extends into the flame tube.

[0034] Optionally, the oil supply nozzle comprises:

[0035] A mounting seat, arranged on the combustion chamber casing;

[0036] An oil supply pipeline is arranged on the mounting seat;

[0037] An oil supply nozzle is arranged at the outlet end of the oil supply pipeline, and the oil supply nozzle is arranged at the inlet end of the evaporator tube;

[0038] The heat insulation sleeve is arranged outside the oil supply pipeline, and a gap is arranged between the heat insulation sleeve and the oil supply pipeline.

[0039] Optionally, the ignition nozzle passes through the combustion chamber outer casing and the flame tube head and extends into the flame tube assembly, and is arranged at a position on the flame tube head close to the starting nozzle.

[0040] The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0041] 1. The present invention provides a vortex-pre-evaporation combustion chamber, comprising a casing assembly, a flame tube assembly, a fuel supply assembly and an evaporator tube, wherein the casing assembly is provided with an inner cavity, and the inner cavity is provided with an air inlet; the flame tube assembly is arranged in the inner cavity and is connected with the air inlet of the casing assembly; an ignition nozzle is arranged in the flame tube assembly; a vortex structure is formed in the flame tube assembly; the fuel supply assembly is arranged on the casing assembly; the fuel supply assembly is used to provide fuel; the inlet end of the evaporator tube is connected with the outlet end of the fuel supply assembly, and the outlet end of the evaporator tube is connected with the interior of the flame tube assembly; after the evaporator tube evaporates liquid fuel to form gaseous fuel, the gaseous fuel is mixed with air to form an oil-gas mixture; the air entering from the air inlet and the oil-gas mixture form a mixed airflow in the flame tube assembly, and the mixed airflow forms a ring vortex flow field when flowing on the ring vortex structure; under the action of the ring vortex flow field, the mixed airflow contacts the ignition nozzle multiple times.

[0042] Existing combustion chambers are divided into evaporator annular combustion chambers and multi-swirl annular combustion chambers. For evaporator annular combustion chambers, the evaporation rate of the fuel in the evaporator is low, which will affect the ignition and starting characteristics of the combustion chamber. For multi-swirl annular combustion chambers, complex swirlers and dual-oil centrifugal nozzles are often required for assistance, which increases the design and manufacturing costs of the combustion chamber. In an embodiment of the present invention, by arranging the evaporator on the flame tube assembly, the air entering the air inlet can form a mixed airflow with the oil-gas mixture in the evaporator, and then the mixed airflow forms an annular vortex field in the flame tube assembly. When the annular vortex field moves, it contacts the ignition nozzle multiple times, thereby greatly increasing the probability of the oil-gas mixture being ignited, and improving the ignition performance and combustion efficiency of the combustion chamber.

[0043] 2. The present invention provides a vortex-pre-evaporation combustion chamber. By setting the evaporation tube, the fuel can be atomized and evaporated when passing through the evaporation tube to form an oil-gas mixture. Compared with the existing complex centrifugal nozzle atomizing and evaporating fuel, the cost of evaporating fuel in this way is lower. At the same time, the combustion chamber structure under this method is simpler, thereby reducing the structural complexity of the combustion chamber and the cost of evaporating fuel.

[0044] 3. The present invention provides a vortex-pre-evaporation combustion chamber, wherein the evaporation tube is divided into a plurality of evaporation branches, and the evaporation branches are obliquely inserted into the flame tube assembly, so that the oil-gas mixture ejected from the evaporation tube enters the flame tube assembly along the tangent direction of the vortex structure. In an embodiment of the present invention, by obliquely inserting the evaporation branch into the flame tube assembly, the oil-gas mixture can form an annular vortex flow field in the flame tube assembly driven by the airflow, and can also make the oil-gas mixture enter the annular vortex flow field more smoothly, thereby improving the oil-gas mixing effect and avoiding the problem of uneven combustion caused by the airflow. In addition, the oil-gas mixture is atomized and evaporated under the action of annular shear, which can make up for the lack of atomization performance of the evaporation tube, thereby achieving better ignition performance of the combustion chamber.

[0045] 4. The present invention provides a vortex-pre-evaporation combustion chamber, wherein the fuel supply nozzle comprises a mounting seat, a fuel supply pipeline, a fuel supply nozzle, and a heat insulation sleeve, wherein the mounting seat is arranged on the outer casing of the combustion chamber; the fuel supply pipeline is arranged on the mounting seat; the fuel supply nozzle is arranged at the outlet end of the fuel supply pipeline, and the fuel supply nozzle is arranged at the inlet end of the evaporator tube; the heat insulation sleeve is arranged outside the fuel supply pipeline, and a gap is arranged between the heat insulation sleeve and the fuel supply pipeline. In an embodiment of the present invention, by arranging the heat insulation sleeve, the temperature of the fuel in the fuel supply nozzle can be effectively reduced, thereby avoiding the problem of fuel coking and carbon deposition caused by the fuel supply nozzle under high temperature conditions, thereby avoiding the problem of fuel supply nozzle blockage, and improving the injection characteristics of the fuel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0047] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flame tube assembly and the oil supply assembly of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vortex ring sheet and the air inlet hole of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vortex sheet and the air inlet hole of the present invention from another angle;

[0051] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the oil supply nozzle of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ignition nozzle of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the circumferential arrangement structure of the evaporation tubes of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the oil supply pipeline structure of the present invention.

[0055] Description of the accompanying drawings in the embodiments:

[0056] 1. Casing assembly; 2. Flame tube assembly; 3. Fuel supply assembly; 4. Evaporation tube; 5. Ignition nozzle;

[0057] 11. Combustion chamber outer casing; 12. Combustion chamber inner casing; 13. Diffuser casing;

[0058] 21. Flame tube outer shell; 22. Flame tube head; 23. Flame tube inner shell; 24. Exhaust elbow;

[0059] 211, air film hole of shell; 212, mixing hole of shell;

[0060] 221, vortex sheet; 222, air inlet;

[0061] 231, main combustion hole of inner shell; 232, mixing hole of inner shell; 233, air film hole of inner shell;

[0062] 241, first bend pipe; 242, second bend pipe;

[0063] 31. Fuel supply nozzle; 32. Starting nozzle; 33. Main fuel supply pipeline; 34. Starting fuel supply pipeline;

[0064] 311. mounting seat; 312. oil supply pipeline; 313. oil supply nozzle; 314. heat insulation sleeve;

[0065] 331. Oil supply pipe joint. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0067] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0068] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0069] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0070] Example

[0071] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, this embodiment provides a vortex-pre-evaporation combustion chamber, including a casing assembly 1, a flame tube assembly 2, a fuel supply assembly 3 and an evaporation tube 4, wherein the casing assembly 1 is provided with an inner cavity, and the inner cavity is provided with an air inlet; the flame tube assembly 2 is arranged in the inner cavity and is connected with the air inlet of the casing assembly 1; an ignition nozzle 5 is arranged in the flame tube assembly 2; a vortex structure is formed in the flame tube assembly 2; the fuel supply assembly 3 is arranged on the casing assembly 1; the fuel supply assembly 3 is used to provide fuel; the inlet end of the evaporation tube 4 is connected with the outlet end of the fuel supply assembly 3, and the outlet end of the evaporation tube 4 is connected with the interior of the flame tube assembly 2; after the evaporation tube 4 evaporates the liquid fuel to form gaseous fuel, the gaseous fuel is mixed with air to form an oil-gas mixture; the air entering from the air inlet and the oil-gas mixture form a mixed airflow in the flame tube assembly 2, and the mixed airflow forms a ring vortex flow field when flowing on the ring vortex structure; under the action of the ring vortex flow field, the mixed airflow contacts the ignition nozzle 5 multiple times.

[0072] In the embodiment of the present invention, air first enters the flame tube assembly 2 through the air inlet, and then the fuel is sprayed out through the outlet end of the fuel supply assembly 3. The fuel enters the evaporator tube 4 through the inlet end of the evaporator tube 4. The fuel is atomized and evaporated by the evaporator tube 4, and becomes an oil-gas mixture, which enters the flame tube assembly 2. The oil-gas mixture mixes with the air and flows to form an annular vortex field. Under the action of the annular vortex field, the mixed airflow contacts the ignition nozzle 5 for multiple times, and then is ignited by the ignition nozzle 5, so that the mixed airflow is fully burned in the flame tube assembly 2.

[0073] Existing combustion chambers are divided into evaporator annular combustion chambers and multi-swirl annular combustion chambers. For evaporator annular combustion chambers, the evaporation rate of the fuel in the evaporator is low, which will affect the ignition and starting characteristics of the combustion chamber. For multi-swirl annular combustion chambers, complex swirlers and dual oil circuit centrifugal nozzles are often required for assistance, which increases the design and manufacturing costs of the combustion chamber. In an embodiment of the present invention, by inserting the evaporator 4 into the flame tube assembly 2, the air entering the air inlet can form a mixed airflow with the oil-gas mixture in the evaporator, and then the mixed airflow forms an annular vortex field in the flame tube assembly. When the annular vortex field moves, it contacts the ignition nozzle 5 multiple times, thereby greatly increasing the probability of the oil-gas mixture being ignited, and improving the ignition performance and combustion efficiency of the combustion chamber.

[0074] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the flame tube assembly 2 includes a flame tube outer shell 21, a flame tube head 22 and a flame tube inner shell 23. The flame tube outer shell 21 is arranged in the inner cavity and connected to the casing assembly 1. The evaporation tube 4 is arranged on the flame tube outer shell 21; the flame tube head 22 is arranged on the flame tube outer shell 21, and the flame tube head 22 is connected to the air inlet of the casing assembly 1; an ignition nozzle 5 is arranged in the flame tube head 22; the flame tube head 22 is an annular vortex structure; one end of the flame tube inner shell 23 is connected to the flame tube head 22, and the other end is connected to the casing assembly 1. Air passes through the flame tube head 22 through the air inlet and enters the flame tube assembly 2. After the action of the annular vortex structure, the air is mixed with the oil and gas mixture sprayed from the evaporation tube 4, and continuously flows in the flame tube head 22 to form an annular vortex flow field.

[0075] Furthermore, if Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the flame tube head 22 is provided with an annular vortex sheet 221, and the annular vortex sheet 221 is provided with multiple rows, and the multiple rows of annular vortex sheets 221 form the annular vortex structure, and the annular vortex sheet 221 is L-shaped and welded on the flame tube head 22. A space is provided between the annular vortex sheet 221 and the flame tube head 22, and an opening is provided at one end of the space, and the direction of the opening is consistent with the inlet airflow direction of the combustion chamber, that is, the guide direction of the annular vortex sheet 221 is consistent with the inlet airflow direction of the combustion chamber.

[0076] Furthermore, the annular vortex sheet 221 covers part of the flame tube head 22. Specifically, the annular vortex sheet 221 only covers half of the flame tube head 22, and a part of the annular vortex sheet 221 is close to the flame tube outer shell 21, and the other part is close to the flame tube inner shell 23, so that all the annular vortex sheets 221 are arranged in a staggered manner. By staggering the annular vortex sheets 221 on the flame tube head 22 and covering half of the flame tube head 22, more space can be left in the flame tube head 22 for installing the ignition nozzle 5, and the problem of insufficient circumferential coverage of the cooling airflow of the flame tube head 22 can also be compensated.

[0077] Furthermore, the ratio of the arc length of a single annular vortex sheet 221 to the arc length of the flame tube head 22 is less than 60%. By setting the ratio of the arc length of a single annular vortex sheet 221 to the arc length of the flame tube head 22 to be less than 60%, on the one hand, it can ensure that the outlet airflow of the annular vortex sheet 221 has sufficient circulation space, and on the other hand, it can reduce the complexity of processing and assembling the annular vortex sheet 221, thereby saving costs. When the combustion chamber is ignited and burned, the ignition nozzle 5 will generate an ignition source. Under the action of the annular vortex flow field, the oil-gas mixture will flow to the ignition source position and repeatedly contact the ignition source, thereby realizing the combustion of the oil-gas mixture, and the flame is transmitted along the annular vortex flow field.

[0078] Furthermore, if Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the flame tube head 22 is also provided with an air inlet 222, and the air inlet 222 is connected to the air inlet of the casing assembly 1; the air inlet 222 is provided in multiple rows, and the multiple rows of air inlet 222 are staggered; the air inlet 222 is arranged corresponding to the vortex sheet 221. The air entering from the air inlet passes through the air inlet 222, and then enters the flame tube assembly 2 through the action of the vortex sheet 221, and forms an annular vortex flow field in the circumferential direction at the flame tube head 22.

[0079] Furthermore, if Figure 7As shown, the evaporator tube 4 is divided into a plurality of evaporator branches, and the evaporator branches are obliquely inserted into the flame tube assembly 2 through the flame tube shell 21, so that the oil-gas mixture ejected from the evaporator tube 4 enters the flame tube assembly 2 along the tangential direction of the annular vortex structure. In the embodiment of the present invention, by obliquely inserting the evaporator branches through the flame tube shell 21 into the flame tube assembly 2, the oil-gas mixture can be tangentially injected into the flame tube assembly 2, and then the oil-gas mixture forms an annular vortex flow field in the flame tube assembly 2 driven by the airflow, and at the same time, the oil-gas mixture can enter the annular vortex flow field more smoothly, thereby improving the oil-gas mixing effect and avoiding the problem of uneven combustion caused by the airflow. In addition, the oil-gas mixture is atomized and evaporated under the annular shearing action, which can make up for the deficiency of the atomization performance of the evaporator tube, and thus achieve better ignition performance of the combustion chamber.

[0080] In the embodiment of the present invention, six evaporator tubes 4 are provided, and one evaporator tube 4 is divided into four evaporator branch tubes, that is, outlet ends of 24 evaporator branch tubes are provided in the circumferential direction of the flame tube shell 21. By dividing the evaporator tube 4 into several evaporator branch tubes, the turbulence of the flow of the oil-gas mixture in the evaporator tube 4 can be enhanced, thereby enhancing the mixing of air and fuel, and also promoting the fuel wall impact breakage and atomization evaporation, thereby improving the combustion effect of the oil-gas mixture.

[0081] Furthermore, a plurality of evaporation branches are evenly distributed around the flame tube shell 21. By evenly distributing the evaporation branches around the flame tube shell 21, the contact area between the evaporation branches and the flame tube shell 21 can be increased, thereby increasing the heating effect of the evaporation branches, improving the evaporation efficiency of the fuel in the evaporation tube 4, and further promoting the mixing of high-temperature air and fuel vapor, so that the oil-gas mixture sprayed from the outlet of the evaporation branch is rapidly diffused into the entire combustion area under the action of the annular vortex field, and the uniform combustion of the oil-gas mixture is achieved. In addition, by evenly distributing a plurality of evaporation branches around the flame tube shell 21, the evaporation branches can absorb heat from the flame tube shell 21 to evaporate the fuel inside, and then by controlling the outlet direction of the evaporation tube 4, the fuel is sprayed from different positions of the flame tube shell 21 into the flame tube, further achieving the effect of multi-point injection and uniform combustion in the combustion chamber.

[0082] In an embodiment of the present invention, the evaporator tube 4 is arranged outside the flame tube assembly 2, and can also be arranged inside the flame tube assembly 2, and can also be arranged integrally with the flame tube outer shell 21. This embodiment does not limit the setting form of the evaporator tube 4, and technical personnel in this field can change the setting form of the evaporator tube 4 according to actual conditions, as long as the same technical effect can be achieved.

[0083] In the embodiment of the present invention, by providing the evaporator tube 4, the fuel and fresh air can be premixed and pre-evaporated in the evaporator tube 4, and then the characteristics of the controllable position and adjustable direction of the evaporator tube 4 are utilized to realize the oil-gas mixture being sprayed into the flame tube in the form of a jet along the circumferential direction, thereby driving the surrounding airflow to form an annular vortex flow field.

[0084] Furthermore, if Figure 2 As shown, the flame tube inner shell 23 is provided with an inner shell main combustion hole 231 and an inner shell mixing hole 232. The inner shell main combustion hole 231 is arranged at one end of the flame tube inner shell 23 close to the flame tube head 22, and the inner shell mixing hole 232 is arranged at one end of the flame tube inner shell 23 away from the flame tube head 22. The flame tube outer shell 21 is also provided with an outer shell mixing hole 212. The outer shell mixing hole 212 is arranged at one end of the flame tube outer shell 21 close to the flame tube head 22. By providing the inner shell main combustion hole 231, the inner shell mixing hole 232 and the outer shell mixing hole 212, the outlet temperature field of the combustion chamber can be regulated, thereby extending the service life of the combustion chamber and the turbine.

[0085] Furthermore, an outer shell air film hole 211 is provided at the connection between the flame tube outer shell 21 and the flame tube head 22, and an inner shell air film hole 233 is provided at the connection between the flame tube inner shell and the flame tube head. The outer shell air film hole 211 and the inner shell air film hole 233 are suitable for forming an air film on the wall surface of the flame tube outer shell 21 and the flame tube inner shell 23 to prevent the flame tube wall surface from being burned. The air passing through the outer shell air film hole 211 and the inner shell air film hole 233 can form an air film on the wall surface of the flame tube outer shell 21, the flame tube head 22, and the flame tube inner shell 23, so that the air film protects the wall surface of the flame tube assembly 2, and prevents the oil-gas mixture from contacting the wall surface and starting to burn under the flow action of the annular vortex flow field, causing the wall surface of the flame tube assembly 2 to be burned.

[0086] Furthermore, the flame tube assembly 2 further includes an exhaust elbow 24, which is disposed on the flame tube outer shell 21 and the flame tube inner shell 23, and the exhaust elbow 24 is suitable for discharging the oil-gas mixture after combustion.

[0087] Furthermore, if Figure 1As shown, the exhaust elbow 24 includes a first elbow 241 and a second elbow 242. The first elbow 241 is arranged on the flame tube outer shell 21 and connected to the casing assembly 1; the second elbow 242 is arranged on the flame tube inner shell 23 and connected to the casing assembly 1. The air entering from the air inlet passes through the air inlet hole 222 into the flame tube assembly 2, and then passes through the channel surrounded by the first elbow 241 and the second elbow 242, that is, passes through the exhaust elbow 24, and is discharged from the outlet of the flame tube assembly 2 to the turbine (not shown), and then drives the turbine to rotate and do work, driving the engine to operate.

[0088] Furthermore, if Figure 1 As shown, the casing assembly 1 includes a combustion chamber outer casing 11, a combustion chamber inner casing 12 and a diffuser casing 13, wherein the combustion chamber inner casing 12 is connected to the combustion chamber outer casing 11; the diffuser casing 13 is arranged on the combustion chamber outer casing 11 and the combustion chamber inner casing 12, and the diffuser casing 13 is suitable for installing a diffuser (not shown).

[0089] Furthermore, if Figure 2 As shown, the fuel supply assembly 3 includes a fuel supply nozzle 31 and a starting nozzle 32. The fuel supply nozzle 31 is arranged on the outer casing 11 of the combustion chamber, and the outlet end of the fuel supply nozzle 31 extends into the inlet of the evaporator tube 4; the starting nozzle 32 is arranged on the outer casing 11 of the combustion chamber, and the outlet end of the starting nozzle 32 passes through the flame tube outer shell 21 and extends into the flame tube.

[0090] In the embodiment of the present invention, the starting nozzle 32 is set as a single oil circuit centrifugal nozzle, and its nozzle size is relatively small. It mainly uses the swirler inside to realize the rotation and centrifugal atomization of the fuel, improves the atomization and evaporation performance of the fuel in the combustion chamber under harsh working conditions, and then improves the ignition performance by reducing the size of the fuel droplets. In addition, the starting nozzle 32 is provided with a heat insulation sleeve, and the heat insulation sleeve is provided with a plurality of cooling holes. When the combustion chamber works under a high temperature condition, the heat insulation sleeve can protect the tiny oil circuit inside the centrifugal nozzle, thereby avoiding the coking of the fuel inside the pipeline; when the combustion chamber works under normal working conditions, the starting nozzle 32 still supplies part of the fuel, and together with the evaporation pipe 4, it forms an axial graded fuel supply effect. At the same time, keeping the fuel flowing inside the starting nozzle 32 is also conducive to the heat dissipation of the fuel, avoiding the coking of the fuel inside the centrifugal nozzle.

[0091] In the embodiment of the present invention, four starting nozzles 32 are provided, which are evenly distributed on the circumference of the flame tube shell 21. The main function of the starting nozzle 32 is to provide smaller fuel droplets to the combustion chamber under harsh working conditions, thereby improving the atomization and evaporation effect of the fuel and improving the ignition performance of the combustion chamber. Therefore, a small number of starting nozzles 32 are provided to ensure that the combustion chamber can work normally while minimizing the structural complexity and design and manufacturing costs.

[0092] Furthermore, if Figure 5 As shown, the fuel supply nozzle 31 includes a mounting seat 311, a fuel supply pipeline 312, a fuel supply nozzle 313 and a heat insulation sleeve 314. The mounting seat 311 is arranged on the combustion chamber outer casing 11; the fuel supply pipeline 312 is arranged on the mounting seat 311; the fuel supply nozzle 313 is arranged at the outlet end of the fuel supply pipeline 312, and the fuel supply nozzle 313 is arranged at the inlet end of the evaporator tube 4; the heat insulation sleeve 314 is arranged outside the fuel supply pipeline 312, and a gap is arranged between the heat insulation sleeve 314 and the fuel supply pipeline 312. In the embodiment of the present invention, by arranging the heat insulation sleeve 314, the temperature of the fuel in the fuel supply nozzle 31 can be effectively reduced, and the problem of fuel coking and carbon deposition caused by the fuel supply nozzle 31 under high temperature conditions is avoided, thereby avoiding the problem of clogging of the fuel supply nozzle 313, and improving the injection characteristics of the fuel. In addition, an annular gap is provided between the heat insulating sleeve 314 and the oil supply pipeline 312 to form an air layer, and a better heat insulating effect can be achieved through the air layer. In addition, the gap length is set between 0.1 mm and 0.5 mm.

[0093] In the embodiment of the present invention, the number of the fuel supply nozzles 313 is between 2 and 6, and they are respectively arranged radially on the fuel supply pipeline 312. The opening direction of the fuel supply nozzles 313 is set to the axial direction, and can also be set to have an angle with the axial direction. Multiple fuel supply nozzles 313 can also be arranged in different directions. This embodiment does not limit the setting direction of the fuel supply nozzles 313. The technicians in this field can change the setting direction of the fuel supply nozzles 313 according to actual conditions, as long as the same technical effect can be achieved. Through the setting of multiple fuel supply nozzles 313 and multiple directions of injection, the oil film can be evenly distributed on the inner surface of the evaporator tube 4, and the fuel can be prevented from splashing out from the inlet of the evaporator tube 4, thereby improving the fuel distribution characteristics in the evaporator tube 4, simplifying the design, and reducing the cost.

[0094] In the embodiment of the present invention, the oil supply nozzle 31 is configured as a simple direct-injection nozzle, the outlet end of the direct-injection nozzle is connected and inserted into the inlet of the evaporator tube 4, and is used to supply oil to the evaporator tube 4. The fuel is sprayed into the evaporator tube 4 through the oil supply nozzle 313, and an oil film is formed on the inner surface of the evaporator tube 4. Multiple oil supply nozzles 313 can form multiple oil films on the inner surface of the inlet end of the evaporator tube 4 in a circular manner, and finally form a uniform oil film on the inner surface of the evaporator tube 4, and then the fuel is split through multiple evaporation branches to make the oil film thinner, so that the fuel droplets splash inside the evaporator tube 4 and mix with the air, and then are evenly distributed to the outlet ends of multiple evaporation branches and sprayed out in the form of an oil-gas mixture. Under harsh working conditions, the atomization and evaporation performance of the oil-gas mixture can be further improved, thereby improving the ignition performance.

[0095] The present invention supplies oil to the combustion chamber mainly through the evaporator tube 4 and supplemented by the starting nozzle 32, and then combines the annular vortex field to ignite and burn the oil-gas mixture in the combustion chamber. In this way, the oil-gas mixture can have a better atomization effect under harsh working conditions. When the combustion chamber works normally, the oil supply ratio of the centrifugal nozzle, the direct nozzle and the evaporator tube is adjusted to control the working state of the combustion chamber, reduce pollution emissions, increase the adjustability of the combustion chamber, and directly improve the ignition performance of the combustion chamber.

[0096] Furthermore, if Figure 6 As shown, the ignition nozzle 5 passes through the combustion chamber outer casing 11 and the flame tube head 22 and extends into the flame tube assembly 2, and is arranged at a position of the flame tube head 22 close to the starting nozzle 32. In the embodiment of the present invention, two ignition nozzles 5 are provided, which are respectively arranged in the circumferential direction of the combustion chamber outer casing 11. By arranging the ignition nozzle 5 at a position of the flame tube head 22 close to the starting nozzle 32, the propagation distance of the ignition energy of the ignition nozzle 5 can be effectively shortened, thereby achieving rapid ignition and combustion. When the ignition nozzle 5 is installed, the ignition nozzle 5 passes through the combustion chamber outer casing 11 and the flame tube head 22 and is clipped to the mounting seat of the combustion chamber outer casing 11 and the mounting seat of the flame tube head 22, and extends into the flame tube assembly 2 to provide ignition energy for the oil-gas mixture.

[0097] Furthermore, the ignition nozzle 5 is configured as a double-layer structure, the inner layer is the electrode of the ignition nozzle 5, and the outer layer is a protective cover of the ignition nozzle 5. The protective cover is provided with a plurality of cooling holes, and the airflow through the cooling holes can protect the ignition nozzle 5.

[0098] In an embodiment of the present invention, an angle is set between the ignition nozzle 5 and the starting nozzle 32. The spray direction of the ignition nozzle 5 is radially inward along the flame tube, and at the same time, it is close to the flow direction of the annular vortex field along the circumference of the combustion chamber. It sprays at a certain angle from the flame tube shell 21 to the flame tube head 22. The injection direction and fog cone distribution of the starting nozzle 32 are limited by the control of three-dimensional angles, so that a certain angle is set between the ignition nozzle 5 and the starting nozzle 32, and the ignition nozzle 5 can further quickly ignite the fuel sprayed from the starting nozzle 32.

[0099] Furthermore, if Figure 8 As shown, the fuel supply nozzle 31 supplies fuel through the main fuel supply pipeline 33, and the starting nozzle 32 supplies fuel through the starting fuel supply pipeline 34. The main fuel supply pipeline 33 is provided with 6 fuel supply nozzles 31, which are matched with the inlet ends of the 6 evaporating tubes 4 respectively, and the fuel is sprayed into the inlet ends of the 6 evaporating tubes 4 through the 6 fuel supply nozzles 31; the starting fuel supply pipeline 34 is provided with 4 outlet ends, which are matched with the 4 starting nozzles 32 respectively. In addition, the main fuel supply pipeline 33 is also provided with a fuel supply pipe joint 331, and the main fuel supply pipeline 33 can be processed in sections through the fuel supply pipe joint 331, thereby reducing the design and manufacturing cost of the combustion chamber. In the embodiment of the present invention, this embodiment does not limit the number of the fuel supply nozzles 31, the starting nozzles 32, and the evaporating tubes 4. The technicians in this field can change the number of the fuel supply nozzles 31, the starting nozzles 32, and the evaporating tubes 4 according to the actual situation, as long as the same technical effect can be achieved.

[0100] The present invention combines the evaporator tube 4 with the annular vortex field, utilizes the pre-evaporation, pre-mixing oil and gas mixing characteristics of the evaporator tube 4 and the low cost advantage, and combines the favorable characteristics of the annular vortex field on the ignition performance and fuel combustion performance of the combustion chamber, thereby achieving low cost, high performance and reliable ignition characteristics of the combustion chamber.

[0101] The specific working process of the vortex-pre-evaporation combustion chamber provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0102] First, air enters the passage between the combustion chamber outer casing 11 and the flame tube outer shell 21 through the air inlet, and then enters the flame tube assembly 2 through the air inlet hole 222 on the flame tube head 22. At the same time, the air is guided by the annular vortex sheet 221 to form an annular vortex flow field. In addition, the fuel sprayed by the fuel supply nozzle 31 enters the inlet end of the evaporator tube 4, and then evaporates through the atomization of the evaporator tube 4 to produce an oil-gas mixture, which is discharged from the outlet of the evaporator tube 4 and enters the flame tube assembly 2. At the same time, the oil-gas mixture sprayed by the starting nozzle 32 enters the flame tube assembly 2. Under the action of the annular vortex flow field, the oil-gas mixture moves the position of the ignition nozzle 5, and the oil-gas mixture is burned by ignition of the ignition nozzle 5, and then is discharged through the exhaust bend 24, driving the turbine to rotate and do work, driving the engine to run, and then completing the combustion process of the oil-gas mixture in the combustion chamber.

[0103] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A vortex-pre-evaporation combustion chamber, characterized in that: include: The casing assembly (1) is provided with an inner cavity, and the inner cavity is provided with an air inlet; A flame tube assembly (2) is arranged in the inner cavity and is in communication with the air inlet of the casing assembly (1); an ignition nozzle (5) is arranged in the flame tube assembly (2); and a ring vortex structure is formed in the flame tube assembly (2); An oil supply assembly (3) is arranged on the casing assembly (1); the oil supply assembly (3) is used to provide fuel; An evaporator tube (4), wherein the inlet end of the evaporator tube (4) is connected to the outlet end of the fuel supply assembly (3), and the outlet end of the evaporator tube (4) is connected to the interior of the flame tube assembly (2); after the evaporator tube (4) evaporates the liquid fuel to form gaseous fuel, the gaseous fuel is mixed with air to form an oil-gas mixture; The air entering from the air inlet and the oil-gas mixture form a mixed airflow in the flame tube assembly (2), and the mixed airflow forms a ring vortex flow field when flowing on the ring vortex structure; under the action of the ring vortex flow field, the mixed airflow contacts the ignition nozzle (5) multiple times.

2. The vortex-pre-evaporation combustion chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame tube assembly (2) comprises: A flame tube outer shell (21), which is arranged in the inner cavity and connected to the casing assembly (1), and the flame tube outer shell (21) is provided with the evaporation tube (4); A flame tube head (22) is arranged on the flame tube housing (21), and the flame tube head (22) is connected to the air inlet of the casing assembly (1); an ignition nozzle is arranged in the flame tube head (22); the flame tube head (22) is in a ring vortex structure; The flame tube inner shell (23) has one end connected to the flame tube head (22) and the other end connected to the casing assembly (1).

3. The vortex-pre-evaporation combustion chamber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flame tube head (22) is provided with an annular vortex sheet (221), and the annular vortex sheet (221) is provided in multiple rows, and the multiple rows of annular vortex sheets (221) form the annular vortex structure.

4. The vortex-pre-evaporation combustion chamber according to claim 3, characterized in that: The annular vortex sheet (221) covers a portion of the flame tube head (22).

5. The vortex-pre-evaporation combustion chamber according to claim 4, characterized in that: The annular vortex sheets (221) only cover half of the area of ​​the flame tube head (22), and a portion of the annular vortex sheets (221) is close to the flame tube outer shell (21), and another portion is close to the flame tube inner shell (23), so that all the annular vortex sheets (221) are arranged in a staggered manner.

6. The vortex-pre-evaporation combustion chamber according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ratio of the arc length of a single annular vortex sheet (221) to the arc length of the flame tube head (22) is less than 60%.

7. The vortex-pre-evaporation combustion chamber according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flame tube head (22) is also provided with an air inlet hole (222), and the air inlet hole (222) is connected to the air inlet of the casing assembly (1); the air inlet holes (222) are provided in multiple rows, and the multiple rows of air inlet holes (222) are staggered; the air inlet holes (222) are arranged corresponding to the annular vortex sheet (221).

8. The vortex-pre-evaporation combustion chamber according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The evaporation tube (4) is divided into a plurality of evaporation branch tubes, and the evaporation branch tubes are obliquely inserted into the flame tube assembly (2), so that the oil-gas mixture ejected from the evaporation tube (4) enters the flame tube assembly (2) along the tangent direction of the annular vortex structure; the plurality of evaporation branch tubes are evenly distributed circumferentially around the flame tube outer shell (21).

9. The vortex-pre-evaporation combustion chamber according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that: The flame tube inner shell (23) is provided with an inner shell main combustion hole (231) and an inner shell mixing hole (232), wherein the inner shell main combustion hole (231) is provided at one end of the flame tube inner shell (23) close to the flame tube head (22), and the inner shell mixing hole (232) is provided at one end of the flame tube inner shell (23) away from the flame tube head (22).

10. The vortex-pre-evaporation combustion chamber according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that: An outer shell air film hole (211) is provided at the connection between the flame tube outer shell (21) and the flame tube head (22), and an inner shell air film hole (233) is provided at the connection between the flame tube inner shell (23) and the flame tube head (22). The outer shell air film hole (211) and the inner shell air film hole (233) are suitable for forming an air film on the wall surface of the flame tube outer shell (21) and the flame tube inner shell (23) to prevent the flame tube wall surface from being burned.

11. The vortex-pre-evaporation combustion chamber according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that: The flame tube assembly (2) further comprises: An exhaust elbow (24) is arranged on the flame tube outer shell (21) and the flame tube inner shell (23), and the exhaust elbow (24) is suitable for discharging the oil-gas mixture after combustion.

12. The vortex-pre-evaporation combustion chamber according to claim 11, characterized in that: The exhaust elbow (24) comprises: A first curved pipe (241) is arranged on the flame tube outer shell (21) and connected to the casing assembly (1); The second curved pipe (242) is arranged on the flame tube inner shell (23) and is connected to the casing assembly (1).

13. The vortex-pre-evaporation combustion chamber according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that: The casing assembly (1) comprises: Combustion chamber outer casing (11); The inner casing (12) of the combustion chamber is connected to the outer casing (11) of the combustion chamber; The diffuser casing (13) is arranged on the combustion chamber outer casing (11) and the combustion chamber inner casing (12), and the diffuser casing (13) is suitable for installing a diffuser.

14. The vortex-pre-evaporation combustion chamber according to claim 13, characterized in that: The oil supply assembly (3) comprises: An oil supply nozzle (31) is arranged on the combustion chamber outer casing (11), and the outlet end of the oil supply nozzle (31) extends into the inlet of the evaporation tube (4); A starting nozzle (32) is arranged on the combustion chamber outer casing (11), and an outlet end of the starting nozzle (32) passes through the flame tube outer shell (21) and extends into the flame tube.

15. The vortex-pre-evaporation combustion chamber according to claim 14, characterized in that: The oil supply nozzle (31) comprises: A mounting seat (311) is arranged on the combustion chamber outer casing (11); An oil supply pipeline (312) is arranged on the mounting seat (311); An oil supply nozzle (313) is arranged at the outlet end of the oil supply pipeline (312), and the oil supply nozzle (313) is arranged at the inlet end of the evaporation tube (4); A heat insulating sleeve (314) is arranged outside the oil supply pipeline (312), and a gap is arranged between the heat insulating sleeve (314) and the oil supply pipeline (312).

16. The vortex-pre-evaporation combustion chamber according to claim 14, characterized in that: The ignition nozzle (5) passes through the combustion chamber outer casing (11) and the flame tube head (22) and extends into the flame tube assembly (2), and is arranged at a position of the flame tube head (22) close to the starting nozzle (32).

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