Pre-tightening force adjustable bearing height measuring tool and measuring method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a pre-tightening force adjustable bearing height measuring tool and a measuring method thereof, and aims to realize controllable pre-tightening force loading while measuring the height of a bearing and increase the pre-tightening force by using elastic force under the condition that the quality of a measuring mechanism is not increased. Comprising a fixing support, a large bolt, a spring pressing plate, a spring seat, a bearing pressing seat, a cushion block, a dial indicator, a square rod and a standard height cylinder. The fixing support is composed of a transverse plate and two vertical plates fixed to the two sides of the transverse plate. The spring seat and the bearing pressing seat are connected with the fixing support through a square rod, the spring pressing plate is arranged above the spring seat and the bearing pressing seat, and a spring is arranged between the spring pressing plate and the spring seat and the bearing pressing seat. The large bolt is in threaded connection with the transverse plate of the fixing support and abuts against the spring pressing plate after penetrating through the transverse plate. The cushion block is clamped between the large bolt and the transverse plate of the fixed bracket; the dial indicator is fixed on the transverse plate of the fixed bracket, and the head of the dial indicator is in contact with the spring pressure plate; and the standard height cylinder is arranged at the bottoms of the spring seat and the bearing pressing seat and is used for measuring the height difference between the front simulation speed reducer shell and the bearing after assembly so as to set the zero value of the dial indicator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of speed reducer shaft system bearing height measurement, and in particular relates to a preload adjustable bearing height measurement tool and a measuring method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The reducer shaft bearing needs appropriate clearance when working. It is necessary to measure the height of the joint surface between the bearing and the reducer housing. After calculation, gaskets of different thicknesses are selected according to the range. In particular, when measuring the height of the tapered bearing, a certain preload needs to be loaded to ensure that the tapered bearing has appropriate working clearance.

[0003] In general, the depth value from the joint surface of the housing to the bottom surface of the bearing mounting hole is measured in advance, and the shaft system and the required preload tooling are placed before installation. The tooling is generally a counterweight block. The height between the bearing and the joint surface is measured, and the thickness of the gasket is selected after calculation to control the preload. The disadvantages are:

[0004] 1) The counterweight block for applying preload is relatively heavy, and measurement and transportation are time-consuming and laborious;

[0005] 2) There is poor continuity between measurement and installation, and parts such as the housing and shaft system need to be moved back and forth. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the problems in the prior art that the shell needs to be moved back and forth after measurement, and the application of preload requires a counterweight block with a large mass, the present invention provides a bearing height measuring tool with adjustable preload and a measuring method thereof, which aims to achieve controllable preload loading while measuring the bearing height, and increase the preload by elastic force without increasing the mass of the measuring mechanism.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0008] A preload-adjustable bearing height measuring tool comprises a fixed bracket 1, a large bolt 7, a spring pressure plate 2, a spring seat and a bearing seat 3, a cushion block 6, a dial indicator 8, a square rod 10 and a standard height cylinder 4; the fixed bracket 1 is composed of a horizontal plate and two vertical plates fixed on both sides of the horizontal plate; the spring seat and the bearing seat 3 are connected to the fixed bracket 1 through a square rod 10, and the spring pressure plate 2 is arranged above the spring seat and the bearing seat 3 and a spring is arranged between the spring seat and the bearing seat 3; the large bolt 7 is threadedly connected to the horizontal plate of the fixed bracket 1 and passes through the horizontal plate to tighten the spring pressure plate 2; the cushion block 7 is clamped between the large bolt 6 and the horizontal plate of the fixed bracket 1; the dial indicator 8 is fixed on the horizontal plate of the fixed bracket 1 and its head contacts the spring pressure plate 2; the standard height cylinder 4 is arranged at the bottom of the spring seat and the bearing seat 3, and is used to measure the height difference between the front simulated reducer housing and the bearing after assembly, so as to set the zero value of the dial indicator.

[0009] Furthermore, the cushion block 6 is composed of a plurality of stacked U-shaped cushions, and the preload force is adjusted by the thickness of the U-shaped cushion block 6 .

[0010] Furthermore, the spring seat and bearing seat 3 include a spring seat 11, a bearing seat 12 and an axial hole matching column 13. The spring seat 11, the bearing seat 12 and the axial hole matching column 13 are coaxially fixedly connected by bolts, and the axial hole matching column 13 is placed in the cavity at the bottom of the bearing seat 12.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a handrail 5 which is fixed on the top of the two vertical plates of the fixed bracket 1 .

[0012] Furthermore, the large bolt 7 is processed to be self-locking by the thread angle.

[0013] Furthermore, the dial indicator 8 is fixed on the horizontal plate of the fixing bracket 1 through a dial indicator holder.

[0014] Furthermore, the spring seat and the bearing seat 3 are provided with square holes, and the square rod 10 is inserted into the square holes and connected with the spring seat and the bearing seat 3; the outer end of the square rod 10 is provided with a pin hole, and the square rod 10 and the vertical plate of the fixed bracket 1 are positioned by a positioning pin.

[0015] Furthermore, a long groove is provided at the bottom of the vertical plate of the fixing bracket 1, and the measuring fixture is bolted to the reducer housing through the long groove.

[0016] The present invention also provides a method for measuring the height of a bearing with adjustable preload, comprising:

[0017] Settings before measurement: Place the standard height cylinder 4 under the spring seat and bearing pressure seat 3, press down the spring pressure plate 2 through the large bolt 7, when the spring seat and bearing pressure seat 3 are pressed on the standard height cylinder 4, the elastic force generated by the spring is used as the preload force, and the dial indicator 8 is set to zero value;

[0018] Apply preload and measure bearing height: Fix the measuring fixture to the reducer housing through a fixed bracket, tighten the large bolt, and the large bolt contacts the spring pressure plate, so that the generated preload acts on the spring seat and the bearing pressure seat, and is transmitted to the outer ring of the bearing. At this time, read the dial indicator reading, and calculate the difference between the standard height cylinder height and the dial indicator reading, and then calculate the actual height difference between the bearing and the reducer housing.

[0019] Furthermore, for the tapered bearing, the preload force is adjusted: using Hooke's law, the elastic force and the pad thickness are calculated according to the actual spring stiffness coefficient, and the pad thickness is used to control the spring displacement to control the preload force.

[0020] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The present invention uses a spring to load the preload force;

[0022] The invention calculates the required gasket thickness and can control the size of the preload force;

[0023] The present invention integrates loading preload force and measuring bearing height into one system, and the bearing height can be measured simultaneously after the preload force is determined. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the contents of the embodiments of the present invention and these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the axonometric structure of a preload-adjustable bearing height measuring tool as described in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a front view of a preload-adjustable bearing height measuring tool as described in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 A top view of a bearing height measuring tool with adjustable preload force as described in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a left view of a preload-adjustable bearing height measuring tool as described in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the spring seat and the bearing pressure seat in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the reducer housing and bearings;

[0031] In the figure:

[0032] 1-fixed bracket; 2-spring pressure plate; 3-spring seat and bearing pressure seat; 4-standard height cylinder; 5-handrail; 6-spacer block; 6-large bolt; 8-dial indicator; 9-dial indicator holder; 10-square rod; 11-spring seat; 12-bearing pressure seat; 13-shaft hole matching column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only parts related to the present invention, rather than all structures, are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0035] In the description of this embodiment, terms such as "up", "down", "left", and "right" and other orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0036] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "comprises", "includes" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment is a preload adjustable bearing height measuring tool, including a fixed bracket 1, a large bolt 7, a spring pressure plate 2, a spring seat and a bearing pressure seat 3, a cushion block 6, a dial indicator 8, a square rod 10 and a standard height cylinder 4; the fixed bracket 1 is composed of a horizontal plate and two vertical plates fixed on both sides of the horizontal plate; the spring seat and the bearing pressure seat 3 are connected to the fixed bracket 1 through a square rod 10, and the spring pressure plate 2 is arranged above the spring seat and the bearing pressure seat 3 and a spring is arranged between the spring seat and the bearing pressure seat 3; the large bolt 7 is threadedly connected to the horizontal plate of the fixed bracket 1 and passes through the horizontal plate to tighten the spring pressure plate 2; the cushion block 7 is clamped between the large bolt 6 and the horizontal plate of the fixed bracket 1; the dial indicator 8 is fixed on the horizontal plate of the fixed bracket 1 and its head contacts the spring pressure plate 2; the standard height cylinder 4 is arranged at the bottom of the spring seat and the bearing pressure seat 3, and is used to measure the height difference between the front simulated reducer housing and the bearing after assembly, so as to set the zero value of the dial indicator.

[0039] Furthermore, the cushion block 6 is composed of a plurality of U-shaped cushions stacked together, and the preload force is adjusted by the thickness of the U-shaped cushion block 6. The U-shaped cushion is convenient to take because a notch is provided in the center.

[0040] Furthermore, four springs are arranged between the spring seat and the bearing pressure seat 3 and the spring pressure plate 2. When the spring seat and the bearing pressure seat 3 are pressed on the bearing or the standard height cylinder, the elastic force generated by the spring acts as a preload to press the bearing downward.

[0041] Furthermore, the top surfaces of the spring seat and the bearing pressure seat 3 are provided with a plurality of positioning holes, and the bottom surface of the spring pressure plate 2 is provided with a plurality of columns, and the number and positions of the columns correspond to the positioning holes.

[0042] Furthermore, the spring seat and the bearing seat 3 are an integrated structure.

[0043] Alternatively, the spring seat and bearing seat 3 include a spring seat 11, a bearing seat 12 and an axial hole matching column 13. The spring seat 11, the bearing seat 12 and the axial hole matching column 13 are coaxially fixedly connected by bolts, and the axial hole matching column 13 is placed in a cavity at the bottom of the bearing seat 12.

[0044] Furthermore, it also includes an armrest 5, which is fixed on the top of the two vertical plates of the fixed bracket 1 to facilitate taking the measuring tool.

[0045] Furthermore, the large bolt 7 is processed to be self-locking by the thread angle, so that the large bolt 7 will not loosen when being threadedly connected with the cross plate and tightened.

[0046] Furthermore, the dial indicator 8 is fixed to the horizontal plate of the fixing bracket 1 through a dial indicator holder, so as to ensure that the zero value of the dial indicator 8 is stable and accurate.

[0047] Furthermore, the spring seat and the bearing seat 3 are provided with square holes, and the square rod 10 is inserted into the square holes and connected with the spring seat and the bearing seat 3; a pin hole is provided at the outer end of the square rod 10, and the square rod 10 and the vertical plate of the fixed bracket 1 are positioned by a positioning pin to avoid shaking left and right, which is convenient for taking as a whole and does not need to be stacked layer by layer for continuous use.

[0048] Furthermore, a long groove is provided at the bottom of the vertical plate of the fixing bracket 1, and the measuring fixture is bolted to the reducer housing through the long groove.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] This embodiment is a measurement method of a preload adjustable bearing height measuring tool as described in Embodiment 1. The measuring tool can measure the bearing height of the main bearing of the reducer and realize adjustable preload loading, such as Figure 6 The above is a typical schematic diagram of the assembly of the reducer bearing and the reducer housing. The measurement method includes:

[0051] Settings before measurement: Place the standard height cylinder 4 under the spring seat and bearing pressure seat 3, press down the spring pressure plate 2 through the large bolt 7, when the spring seat and bearing pressure seat 3 are pressed on the standard height cylinder 4, the elastic force generated by the spring is used as the preload force, and the dial indicator 8 is set to zero.

[0052] Apply preload and measure bearing height: Fix the measuring fixture to the reducer housing through a fixed bracket, tighten the large bolts, and the large bolts are in contact with the spring pressure plate, so that the generated preload acts on the spring seat and the bearing pressure seat, and is transmitted to the outer ring of the bearing. At this time, read the dial indicator reading, and calculate the difference between the standard height cylinder height and the dial indicator reading, and then calculate the actual height difference between the bearing and the reducer housing.

[0053] Preload adjustment: When measuring the height difference between the bearing and the reducer housing, a certain preload needs to be applied to the tapered bearing to determine the thickness of the pad 6. Using Hooke's law, it is convenient to set the value of the preload. According to the actual spring stiffness coefficient, the elastic force and the pad thickness are calculated. The pad thickness is used to control the spring displacement to control the preload. In this embodiment, the specific preload adjustment method is as follows:

[0054] First, assemble the fixed bracket, spring pressure plate, spring, spring seat, bearing pressure seat, and standard height cylinder;

[0055] Then calculate the thickness of the pad: the total stiffness coefficient of the four springs is known to be k=4k1, where k1 is the stiffness coefficient of a single spring. Measure the distance L2 between the spring pressure plate and the upper surface of the fixed bracket horizontal plate after it falls naturally. According to the maximum preload force F1 set as needed, calculate the required distance L1=F1 / k for the upper section of the bolt, and the bolt length L=L1+L2; according to the adjustable preload force f required for each gear, the gear gasket thickness x=f / k, the number of gaskets m1=L1 / x...(remainder) L3, and the bottom gasket thickness L3 are obtained. If the gasket L3 needs to be thickened, the corresponding bolt length is also increased by the corresponding thickness. After the calculation is completed, the large bolts and pads are processed;

[0056] During actual measurement, remove the corresponding number of gaskets according to the required preload force, and then tighten the large bolts.

[0057] In addition, two dial gauge installation holes are symmetrically arranged on the horizontal plate of the fixing bracket, and each dial gauge installation hole is arranged with three threaded holes and one light hole. Select one of the dial gauge installation holes to install a dial gauge to complete the measurement; or install a dial gauge in each of the two dial gauge installation holes, that is, place two dial gauges at the same time to assist in accurate measurement.

[0058] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A preload adjustable bearing height measuring tool, characterized in that: The invention comprises a fixed bracket (1), a large bolt (7), a spring pressure plate (2), a spring seat and a bearing pressure seat (3), a cushion block (6), a dial indicator (8), a square rod (10) and a standard height cylinder (4); the fixed bracket (1) is composed of a horizontal plate and two vertical plates fixed on both sides of the horizontal plate; the spring seat and the bearing pressure seat (3) are connected to the fixed bracket (1) through the square rod (10); the spring pressure plate (2) is arranged above the spring seat and the bearing pressure seat (3) and between the spring seat and the bearing pressure seat (3) A spring is provided; the large bolt (7) is threadedly connected to the transverse plate of the fixed bracket (1) and passes through the transverse plate to press the spring pressure plate (2); the cushion block 7 is clamped between the large bolt 6 and the transverse plate of the fixed bracket (1); the dial indicator (8) is fixed on the transverse plate of the fixed bracket (1) and its head contacts the spring pressure plate (2); the standard height cylinder (4) is provided at the bottom of the spring seat and the bearing pressure seat (3) to measure the height difference between the front simulated reducer housing and the bearing after assembly, so as to set the zero value of the dial indicator.

2. A preload adjustable bearing height measuring tool as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The cushion block (6) is composed of a plurality of stacked U-shaped cushions, and the preload force is adjusted by the thickness of the U-shaped cushion block (6).

3. A preload adjustable bearing height measuring tool as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The spring seat and the bearing seat (3) comprise a spring seat (11), a bearing seat (12) and an axial hole matching column (13); the spring seat (11), the bearing seat (12) and the axial hole matching column (13) are coaxially fixedly connected by bolts, and the axial hole matching column (13) is placed in a cavity at the bottom of the bearing seat (12).

4. The preload-adjustable bearing height measuring tool as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a handrail (5), which is fixed on the top of the two vertical plates of the fixed bracket (1).

5. The preload adjustable bearing height measuring tool as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The large bolt (7) is processed to be self-locking by the thread angle.

6. The preload-adjustable bearing height measuring tool as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The dial gauge (8) is fixed on the horizontal plate of the fixed bracket (1) via a dial gauge holder.

7. The preload-adjustable bearing height measuring tool as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The spring seat and the bearing seat (3) are provided with square holes, and the square rod (10) is inserted into the square holes to be connected with the spring seat and the bearing seat (3); a pin hole is provided at the outer end of the square rod (10), and the square rod (10) and the vertical plate of the fixed bracket (1) are positioned by a positioning pin.

8. The preload-adjustable bearing height measuring tool as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the vertical plate of the fixing bracket (1) is provided with a long groove, and the measuring tool is bolted to the reducer housing through the long groove.

9. A method for measuring the height of a bearing with adjustable preload force according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: Setting before measurement: Place the standard height cylinder (4) below the spring seat and the bearing pressure seat (3), press down the spring pressure plate (2) through the large bolt (7), when the spring seat and the bearing pressure seat (3) are pressed on the standard height cylinder (4), the elastic force generated by the spring is used as the preload force, and the dial indicator (8) is set to zero; Apply preload and measure bearing height: Fix the measuring fixture to the reducer housing through a fixed bracket, tighten the large bolt, and the large bolt contacts the spring pressure plate, so that the generated preload acts on the spring seat and the bearing pressure seat, and is transmitted to the outer ring of the bearing. At this time, read the dial indicator reading, and calculate the difference between the standard height cylinder height and the dial indicator reading, and then calculate the actual height difference between the bearing and the reducer housing.

10. A method for measuring the height of a bearing with adjustable preload force as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: For tapered bearings, preload adjustment is performed: using Hooke's law, the elastic force and pad thickness are calculated based on the actual spring stiffness coefficient, and the pad thickness is used to control the spring displacement to control the preload size.

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