Multi-polarization and ultra-wideband integrated antenna

Abstract

A multi-polarization and ultra-wideband integrated antenna is characterized by comprising radiation units, balun feed panels and a feed base, the radiation units comprise a first radiation unit and a second radiation unit, the balun feed panels comprise a first feed panel and a second feed panel, and the first feed panel and the second feed panel are arranged on the first radiation unit and the second radiation unit respectively. And the first feed panel and the second feed panel are crossed in a cross shape and are fixedly connected with the feed base through the positioning holes. The + / -45-degree cross feed of the high-frequency + / -45-degree polarized oscillator is changed into vertical and horizontal feed, so that the feed direction of the high-frequency + / -45-degree polarized oscillator is consistent with that of a low-frequency vertical polarized oscillator, the low-frequency vertical polarized oscillator and the low-frequency vertical polarized oscillator can share one balun feed panel, the influence on high frequency is reduced by designing the low-frequency oscillator with low RCS (radar cross section), and the high-frequency unit is more compact and compact in structure when the low-frequency oscillator is placed on the high-frequency unit. The purposes of integration and antenna size reduction are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, and in particular relates to an integrated multi-polarization and ultra-wideband antenna. Background Art

[0002] Currently, 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G networks coexist. In order to be compatible with multiple communication standards, save site resources, reduce the number of antennas, and enable multiple systems in different frequency bands to coexist, it is necessary to use antenna units working in different frequency bands integrated into one antenna.

[0003] For antennas of different frequency bands, such as 690-960MHz (hereinafter referred to as low frequency) and 1695-2700MHz (hereinafter referred to as high frequency), it is often necessary to maintain a certain distance in space to reduce mutual interference so that they can radiate normally. After multiple reflections of electromagnetic waves, multipath fading will occur. Dual-polarized antennas can effectively suppress multipath fading. Therefore, the antennas on base station antennas often use ±45° polarized antennas, and the most widely used method is to use ±45° cross feeding. Since low frequency has good penetration and anti-interference, vertical polarization can be used for many needs. The vertical polarization feeding uses vertical feeding.

[0004] Currently, the antennas that realize multi-polarization (low-frequency vertical polarization, high-frequency ±45° polarization) and ultra-wideband basically adopt a split solution, that is, a high-frequency unit and a low-frequency unit are used, which are realized by maintaining a certain distance in space. This solution will cause the problem of large size and high cost. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose as described in the background technology, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] An integrated multi-polarization, ultra-wideband integrated antenna comprises: a radiation unit, a balun feed board and a feed base, wherein the radiation unit comprises a first radiation unit and a second radiation unit, the balun feed board comprises a first feed board and a second feed board, the first feed board and the second feed board are cross-shaped and fixedly connected to the feed base through the positioning holes.

[0007] Furthermore, the radiation units are all processed in PCB form, wherein the relative dielectric constant of the first radiation unit is preferably 2.55-3.55, the plate thickness is preferably 0.762-1.0mm, and the relative dielectric constant of the second radiation unit is preferably 3.0-4.4, and the plate thickness is preferably 0.762-1.524mm.

[0008] Furthermore, the first radiation unit includes a first radiation arm, and the length of the first radiation arm is preferably 0.9-1*l low , Among them, f low is the low frequency center frequency, ∈ e is an effective dielectric constant, the second radiation unit includes a second radiation arm, and the length of the second radiation arm is preferably 0.88-1*l high , Among them, f high is the high frequency center frequency, ∈ e is the effective dielectric constant.

[0009] Furthermore, the first radiation arm is provided with branches with different line widths, which are alternately cascaded, and a circular hole is hollowed out in the middle of the branches.

[0010] Furthermore, four square copper foils and six L-shaped copper foils are provided on the front of the second radiation unit, and the four square copper foils are symmetrically distributed on the front of the second radiation unit, with a size preferably of 0.1-0.18*λg, four L-shaped copper foils are distributed at four edge corners, and two L-shaped copper foils are distributed at the center point, with a size preferably of 0.1-0.16*λg in length and 0.01-0.03*λg in width, wherein λg is the waveguide wavelength.

[0011] Furthermore, the reverse side of the second radiation unit is provided with four hollowed-out rectangles with a height of 0.21-0.28*λ0, wherein λ0 is the vacuum wavelength.

[0012] Furthermore, the first feeding board is shared by the first radiating unit and the second radiating unit, and a branch is provided on the first feeding board.

[0013] Furthermore, the second feeding board is provided with metal vias.

[0014] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial results of the present invention are:

[0015] The present invention changes the ±45° cross feeding of the high-frequency ±45° polarized vibrator into vertical and horizontal feeding, so that the feeding direction is consistent with the feeding direction of the low-frequency vertically polarized vibrator, and a feeding board can be shared. By designing a low-frequency vibrator with a low RCS (radar cross section), the impact on the high frequency is reduced, and it is placed above the high-frequency unit to achieve the purpose of integration and reduction of the antenna size. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a first radiation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 is a front schematic diagram of a second radiation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the back side of a second radiation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a first feeding board according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a second feeding board according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of polarization direction and feeding direction of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 8 is the RCS of the first radiating unit in the high frequency band of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Fig. 9 is the gain of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Fig.10 is a directional diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: radiation unit 1, first radiation unit 11, first radiation arm 111, branch 112, circular hole 113, second radiation unit 12, second radiation arm 121, square copper foil 122, L-shaped copper foil 123, rectangle 124, balun feeding board 2, first feeding board 21, road 211, second feeding board 22, metal via 221. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] It should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this patent and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this patent.

[0029] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an integrated multi-polarization, ultra-wideband antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Reference Figure 1According to an embodiment of the present invention, an integrated multi-polarization, ultra-wideband integrated antenna includes: a radiation unit 1, a balun feeding board 2 and a feeding base 3, the radiation unit 1 includes a first radiation unit 11 and a second radiation unit 12, the balun feeding board 2 includes a first feeding board 21 and a second feeding board 22, the first feeding board 21 and the second feeding board 22 are cross-shaped and fixedly connected to the feeding base 3 through the positioning hole.

[0031] Specifically, the radiation units 1 are all processed in PCB form, wherein the relative dielectric constant of the first radiation unit 11 is preferably 2.55-3.55, the plate thickness is preferably 0.762-1.0mm, the relative dielectric constant of the second radiation unit 12 is preferably 3.0-4.4, and the plate thickness is preferably 0.762-1.524mm.

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a first radiation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Reference Figure 2 The first radiation unit 11 includes a first radiation arm 111, and the length of the first radiation arm 111 is preferably 0.9-1*l low , Among them, f low is the low frequency center frequency, ∈ e is an effective dielectric constant, the second radiation unit 12 comprises a second radiation arm 121, and the length of the second radiation arm 121 is preferably 0.88-1*l high , Among them, f high is the high frequency center frequency, ∈ e is the effective dielectric constant.

[0034] Furthermore, the first radiating arm 111 is provided with branches with different line widths. The branches with thick line widths are approximately parallel capacitors, and the branches with thin line widths are approximately series inductors. They are alternately cascaded to form an equivalent low-pass filter, which can radiate low-frequency energy normally while suppressing surface high-frequency currents. At the same time, the RCS in the high-frequency band is reduced, thereby reducing the influence of the first radiating unit 11 on the second radiating unit 12.

[0035] Furthermore, a circular hole 113 is hollowed out in the middle of the branch 112, which further reduces the RCS in the high frequency band without affecting the effect of the equivalent filter.

[0036] Figure 3 It is a front schematic diagram of a second radiation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Reference Figure 3The front of the second radiation unit 12 is provided with four square copper foils 122 and six L-shaped copper foils 123. The four square copper foils 122 are symmetrically distributed on the front of the second radiation unit 12, and the size is preferably 0.1-0.18*λg. The four L-shaped copper foils 123 are distributed at the four edge corners, and the two L-shaped copper foils 123 are distributed at the center point. The size is preferably 0.1-0.16*λg in length and 0.01-0.03*λg in width, wherein λg is the guided wave length, which is used to improve the S parameter of the second radiation unit 12.

[0038] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the back side of the second radiation unit of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Reference Figure 4 The reverse side of the second radiation unit 12 is provided with four hollowed-out rectangles 124, with a height of 0.21-0.28*λ0, where λ0 is the vacuum wavelength.

[0040] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a first feeding board according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Reference Figure 5 The first feeding board 21 is shared by the first radiating unit 11 and the second radiating unit 12. A branch 211 is provided on the first feeding board 21 for filtering out high-frequency signals on the transmission line and improving the isolation and directional pattern indicators of the two frequency bands.

[0042] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of a second feeding board according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Reference Figure 6 The second feeding board 22 is provided with a metal via 221 for electrical conduction.

[0044] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of polarization direction and feeding direction of an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 It is the RCS of the first radiation unit in the embodiment of the present invention in the high frequency band. Fig. 9 is the gain of the embodiment of the present invention. Fig.10 is a directional diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] The present invention changes the ±45° cross feeding of the high-frequency ±45° polarized vibrator into vertical and horizontal feeding, so that the feeding direction is consistent with the feeding direction of the low-frequency vertically polarized vibrator, and a feeding board can be shared. By designing a low-frequency vibrator with a low RCS (radar cross section), the impact on the high frequency is reduced, and it is placed above the high-frequency unit to achieve the purpose of integration and reduction of the antenna size.

[0046] The above describes a specific embodiment of the invention. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. The terms "exemplary", "example", etc. used throughout this specification mean "used as an example, instance or illustration" and do not mean "preferred" or "advantageous" over other embodiments. In order to provide an understanding of the described technology, the specific implementation includes specific details. However, these technologies can be implemented without these specific details. In some instances, in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described embodiments, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form.

[0047] The optional implementation modes of the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the specific details in the above implementation modes. Within the technical concept of the embodiments of the present invention, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention can be subjected to a variety of simple modifications, and these simple modifications all belong to the scope of protection and expansion of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0048] The above description of the contents of this specification is provided to enable any person of ordinary skill in the art to implement or use the contents of this specification. Various modifications to the contents of this specification are obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of protection of the contents of this specification. Therefore, the contents of this specification are not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but are consistent with the widest range of principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An integrated multi-polarization, ultra-wideband antenna, characterized in that: include: A radiation unit, a balun feeding board and a feeding base, wherein the radiation unit comprises a first radiation unit and a second radiation unit, and the balun feeding board comprises a first feeding board and a second feeding board, wherein the first feeding board and the second feeding board are cross-shaped and fixedly connected to the feeding base through the positioning holes.

2. The integrated multi-polarization, ultra-wideband integrated antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiation units are all processed in PCB form, wherein the relative dielectric constant of the first radiation unit is preferably 2.55-3.55, and the plate thickness is preferably 0.762-1.0 mm, and the relative dielectric constant of the second radiation unit is preferably 3.0-4.4, and the plate thickness is preferably 0.762-1.524 mm.

3. The integrated multi-polarization, ultra-wideband integrated antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first radiation unit includes a first radiation arm, and the length of the first radiation arm is preferably 0.9-1*l low , Among them, f low is the low frequency center frequency, ∈ e is an effective dielectric constant, the second radiation unit comprises a second radiation arm, and the length of the second radiation arm is preferably 0.88-1*l high , Among them, f high is the high frequency center frequency, ∈ e is the effective dielectric constant.

4. The integrated multi-polarization, ultra-wideband integrated antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first radiation arm is provided with branches with different line widths, which are alternately cascaded, and a circular hole is hollowed out in the middle of the branches.

5. The integrated multi-polarization, ultra-wideband integrated antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four square copper foils and six L-shaped copper foils are provided on the front of the second radiation unit. The four square copper foils are symmetrically distributed on the front of the second radiation unit, and the size is preferably 0.1-0.18*λg. Four L-shaped copper foils are distributed at four edge corners, and two L-shaped copper foils are distributed at the center point. The size is preferably 0.1-0.16*λg in length and 0.01-0.03*λg in width, wherein λg is the guided wave length.

6. The integrated multi-polarization, ultra-wideband integrated antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reverse side of the second radiation unit is provided with four hollowed-out rectangles, with a height of 0.21-0.28*λ0, where λ0 is the vacuum wavelength.

7. The integrated multi-polarization, ultra-wideband integrated antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first feeding board is shared by the first radiating unit and the second radiating unit, and a branch is provided on the first feeding board.

8. The integrated multi-polarization, ultra-wideband integrated antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second feeding board is provided with a metal via.

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