Milling drill bits for implants and methods of forming implant holes using milling drill bits

Abstract

Such a milling drill bit for an implant is used to form a hole for implanting an artificial tooth. The milling bit is in the form of a rod that decreases in diameter from an upper end fastened to the surgical robot to a tip end. A milling insert for forming a hole for implanting an artificial tooth in an alveolar bone is mounted at the tip and has a larger diameter than the tip.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a milling drill bit for an implant for forming an implant hole in an alveolar bone and a method for forming the implant hole. Background Art

[0002] Teeth are very important to humans, and when teeth are pulled out due to damage to the teeth, it becomes difficult to eat food, which leads to damage in nutrition.

[0003] Therefore, when one or two teeth are pulled out, artificial teeth are formed by prostheses using undamaged teeth as supports, or when most teeth are damaged and pulled out, dentures that fit into the gums and mouth are used.

[0004] However, for a prosthesis using artificial teeth, the artificial teeth are supported by undamaged teeth, so it is relatively difficult to eat hard food and cause a foreign body sensation. In addition, when the shape of the denture and the shape of the oral cavity are not the same in the case of using a denture, the user feels uncomfortable and the oral cavity may be hurt by the denture. In addition, it is difficult to eat hard food, and in particular, there is the inconvenience of having to take out and wash or disinfect the denture before going to bed at night.

[0005] As a measure to solve these problems, a dental implant surgery has been proposed, which forms a hole in the alveolar bone where the tooth is missing, and then embeds an artificial tooth having a threaded lower portion into the alveolar bone.

[0006] like Figure 1 As shown, the dental implant surgery is a process of implanting an artificial tooth by making a hole in a tooth socket where the tooth is missing at an appropriate depth using a medical drill, and then by inserting and fixing the artificial tooth having a screw at the lower portion into the hole.

[0007] Generally, the alveolar bone is composed of the supporting alveolar bone located outside and the alveolar bone proper located inside the supporting alveolar bone, and the supporting alveolar bone is harder than the alveolar bone proper. In addition, people have different bone densities of the alveolar bone proper, and the bone density may vary according to the depth direction.

[0008] It is important that, when drilling a hole for implanting an artificial tooth in an alveolar bone using a medical drill, a hole having a diameter suitable for the artificial tooth is drilled, and the diameter of the hole needs to be appropriately adjusted so that the implanted artificial tooth and the alveolar bone are firmly fixed to each other. However, since the diameter of the hole formed by the medical drill is almost the same as the diameter of the drill, drills of various diameters need to be prepared to correspond to holes of various sizes. In addition, friction heat is generated when drilling a hole by the drill, so a saline solution is also supplied to reduce this friction heat. However, since the side of the drill and the wall of the drilled alveolar bone are almost in close contact with each other, the heat may not be properly removed due to poor supply of the saline solution.

[0009] Therefore, it may be preferable to provide a device and a drilling method using the same, which can effectively remove heat generated when drilling while using a small number of parts and can form a 3D hole in the alveolar bone. Summary of the invention

[0010] Technical issues

[0011] An object of the present disclosure is to provide a milling drill bit for an implant, which is capable of forming holes having various diameters in a depth direction in an alveolar bone.

[0012] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a method for forming a 3D hole for implanting an artificial tooth in an alveolar bone using a milling drill bit for an implant.

[0013] Technical Solution

[0014] A milling drill bit for implants for forming holes for implanting artificial teeth is formed in a rod shape, has a shape in which the diameter decreases from the upper end connected to the operating robot toward the end, has a milling blade at the end for forming holes in the alveolar bone for implanting artificial teeth, and is formed so that the diameter of the milling blade is larger than the diameter of the end.

[0015] A scale that enables checking of the depth of the implant hole is formed on the end of a milling drill bit for an implant.

[0016] In a milling drill bit for implants, a milling blade is formed in a cylindrical shape with a rectangular cross-section, a cutting blade for cutting alveolar bone and a cutting groove for discharging cut bone fragments are formed on an outer surface of the milling blade, and the cutting blade and the cutting groove extend to the bottom of the milling blade.

[0017] In a milling drill bit for implants, a milling blade is formed to have a circular, inverted triangular or spiral cross-section, a cutting blade for cutting alveolar bone and a cutting groove for discharging cut bone fragments are formed on an outer surface of the milling blade, and the cutting blade and the cutting groove extend to the bottom of the milling blade.

[0018] In a milling drill bit for an implant, a milling insert is formed to have a rectangular, circular, or inverted triangular cross section, an outer surface of the milling insert is flat, and diamond powder for cutting alveolar bone is fixed on the outer surface.

[0019] A milling drill for implants is mounted on an operating robot, and the operating robot forms a hole in the alveolar bone by driving the milling drill up and down and left and right in a circular shape, the diameter of the milling blade of the milling drill being smaller than the diameter of the hole.

[0020] A method for forming an implant hole using a milling drill bit comprises: mounting the milling drill bit on the operating robot; measuring the bone density of the alveolar bone using a device for measuring bone density; storing the measured bone density data in the operating robot; and forming a hole in the alveolar bone by holding the milling drill bit, moving the milling blade of the milling drill bit to the alveolar bone to drill a hole, and moving the milling drill bit in a depth direction of the alveolar bone while moving the milling drill bit left and right in a circular shape by an operator.

[0021] In a method of forming an implant hole using a milling drill bit for an implant, a portion with high bone density is cut to be in shallow contact with a screw of an artificial tooth, and a portion with low bone density is cut to be in deep contact with the screw, so that the screw of the artificial tooth installed in the hole has a uniform contact force with the alveolar bone.

[0022] In the method for forming an implant hole, the hole is formed to have various diameters according to the bone density of the alveolar bone.

[0023] Advantageous Effects of the Invention

[0024] According to the milling drill bit for implant and the method of forming an implant entry hole using the milling drill bit of the present disclosure, since holes having various diameters can be responded to using one milling drill bit, there is an effect that the number of tools for dental implant surgery can be reduced.

[0025] In addition, according to the milling drill bit of the present disclosure, there is an effect that holes with various diameters can be formed at one time according to the bone density of the alveolar bone, and a uniform and strong contact force between the alveolar bone and the screw of the implant can be achieved by adjusting the diameter of the hole according to the bone density. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is a diagram showing a drill used for dental implant surgery in the related art;

[0027] FIG2 is a diagram showing a configuration of a milling drill bit according to the present disclosure;

[0028] 3 is a diagram comparing the defects in the use of the existing drill and the advantages of the milling drill according to the present disclosure according to the shape of the alveolar bone;

[0029] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a hole formed by a conventional drill and a hole formed by a milling drill bit of the present disclosure; and

[0030] Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating a method for forming asymmetric holes at extreme bone density to describe the present disclosure in more detail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] Before describing the present disclosure, specific structures and functions are exemplified only for describing embodiments according to the concept of the present disclosure, and the embodiments according to the concept of the present disclosure may be implemented in various ways and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described herein.

[0033] In addition, the embodiments described herein can be changed in various ways and can have various shapes, so specific embodiments are shown in the drawings and will be described in detail in this specification. However, it should be understood that the exemplary embodiments according to the concept of the present disclosure are not limited to the embodiments described below with reference to the drawings, but all modifications, equivalents and alternatives are included in the scope and spirit of the present disclosure.

[0034] Fig. 2 is a diagram showing a milling drill bit for implants according to the present disclosure. Fig. 2(a) is a diagram showing a side surface of the milling drill bit, and Fig. 2(b) is an enlarged view of a milling insert.

[0035] As shown in (a) of Fig. 2, the milling drill bit 100 according to the present disclosure is formed into a rod shape and includes an upper part 10 fastened to an operating robot (not shown) and held by an operator, and a milling blade 20 installed at the second end of a support rod, the first end of which is connected to the end of the upper part to form a hole for implanting an artificial tooth into the alveolar bone for dental implant surgery. The diameter of the milling blade is greater than the diameter of the support rod. In addition, since the support rod is the part inserted into the implant hole when forming the hole, the support rod is usually formed to be longer than the depth of the implant hole. Generally, it is preferred that the length is 15mm to 20mm.

[0036] Furthermore, a scale 30 capable of checking the depth of the implantation hole is formed at a predetermined position on a support rod connected to the milling insert.

[0037] As shown in (b) of FIG. 2 , the milling insert 20 is formed in a cylindrical shape with a rectangular cross section in the figure, but may have a circular or inverted triangular cross section, depending on the implantation operation. Meanwhile, in order to form a hole in the alveolar bone and simultaneously form a thread for a screw fastened to the implant, the milling insert may be manufactured in a disc shape and a cutting blade may be formed on the side and bottom. Therefore, not only a hole may be formed in the alveolar bone, but also a thread may be formed in the formed hole.

[0038] A cutting blade 21 for cutting alveolar bone and a cutting groove 22 for discharging cut bone fragments are formed on the outer surface of the milling blade 20. The cutting blade and the cutting groove extend to the bottom of the milling blade.

[0039] However, it is possible to attach fine industrial diamond powder to the outer surface of the milling insert and perform cutting without forming the cutting blade and the cutting groove.

[0040] FIG. 3 illustrates problems that may occur when a hole for implanting an artificial tooth is drilled in an alveolar bone using an implant drill of the related art.

[0041] As shown in (a) of Fig. 3, in many cases, a protrusion is formed at the middle part of the alveolar bone. In this case, when a hole for implanting an artificial tooth is drilled using a prior art implant drill, the advancing direction of the drill may be accidentally slightly changed when the drill hits the side of the protrusion. When this happens, the hole for implanting the artificial tooth is not accurately formed, and thus the artificial tooth cannot be fully implanted. In particular, when several artificial teeth are implanted, the implanted artificial teeth may interfere with each other.

[0042] However, as shown in (b) of Figure 3, when using the milling drill according to the present disclosure, the milling blade at the end of the milling drill not only cuts the bottom of the alveolar bone, but also cuts the side of the alveolar bone, so even if the milling blade hits the side of the protrusion, a hole can be accurately formed vertically without changing the advancing direction.

[0043] Therefore, artificial teeth are accurately and precisely implanted by using the milling drill bit according to the present disclosure.

[0044] As described above, the alveolar bone is composed of compact bone and cancellous bone located within the compact bone. Compact bone has a relatively high hardness because the bone density is quite high, but the bone density of cancellous bone is lower than that of compact bone and decreases as it reaches the mandible from the top. However, this is common knowledge, and cancellous bone can have various bone densities in the depth direction according to people.

[0045] As described above, when a hole is formed in alveolar bones having various bone densities using a common implant drill, the hole has a constant diameter. The diameter of the hole is determined to be smaller than the diameter of the screw of the artificial tooth to firmly fix the artificial tooth. However, the alveolar bone with high bone density strongly contacts the screw of the artificial tooth under excessive pressure, but the alveolar bone with low bone density contacts the screw of the artificial tooth relatively loosely.

[0046] Fig. 4 (a) is a diagram showing that a hole for an artificial tooth is formed using an existing implant drill and a screw of the artificial tooth is coupled to the hole. In this figure, light color means that the bone density of the alveolar bone is relatively high, and the darker the color, the higher the bone density.

[0047] As shown in (a) of Fig. 4, the hole for artificial teeth formed using the existing implant drill is formed in a straight line and has the same diameter as the drill. In addition, as shown in the figure, the screw of the artificial tooth is formed so that the diameter decreases as it goes downward. Therefore, when the artificial screw of the artificial tooth is inserted into the hole formed by the existing drill, the cross section of the relatively large diameter of the screw contacts the upper part with high bone density, thereby generating a strong contact force; however, the cross section of the relatively small diameter of the screw contacts the lower part with low bone density, so that the contact force is relatively small. Therefore, the screw of the artificial tooth may not be firmly fixed in the alveolar bone.

[0048] Furthermore, when the diameter of the hole is reduced to increase the contact force at the lower portion having low bone density, excessive contact force with the screw may be generated at the upper portion having high bone density, and the excessive contact force may cause alveolar bone necrosis.

[0049] FIG. 4( b ) shows a hole formed in an alveolar bone using the milling drill bit for an implant according to the present disclosure.

[0050] As described above, the existing implant drill and milling drill according to the present disclosure are connected to the operating robot for operation. The existing drill can only move up and down, that is, move two-dimensionally by the operating robot, but the milling drill according to the present disclosure can not only move up and down, but also move left and right in a circular shape (that is, three-dimensionally). In addition, unlike the existing drill, the milling drill according to the present disclosure has a lateral cutting function.

[0051] As shown in (b) of FIG. 4 , unlike using a drill that can only move two-dimensionally to form a hole corresponding to the diameter of the drill in the alveolar bone, the milling drill bit according to the present disclosure forms a hole in the alveolar bone by three-dimensional movement, so the milling blade of the milling drill bit has a diameter corresponding to or smaller than the minimum diameter hole to be formed. The milling drill bit with a milling blade having this diameter is installed on the operating robot, cutting the alveolar bone to have a relatively large diameter in the upper part with high bone density, and cutting the alveolar bone to have a relatively small diameter when it descends to the lower part with low bone density. Therefore, the cross-section of the formed hole has the shape shown in (b) of FIG. 4 .

[0052] Therefore, when the screw of the artificial tooth is inserted into the hole, the screw is fixed by uniform and high contact force at the upper and lower parts of the alveolar bone. Therefore, compared with implanting an artificial tooth using an existing drill, high stability is achieved from the early stage of implanting the artificial tooth.

[0053] Fig. 4 (c) shows an example of a hole formed according to the bone density of the alveolar bone. As shown in the figure, it can be seen that the size of the hole formed according to the bone density of the alveolar bone is different.

[0054] Meanwhile, there is a problem in that a drill having a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the hole to be formed needs to be replaced in order to form holes having various diameters in the alveolar bone using the existing implant drill. However, in the present disclosure, since a milling insert having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the hole to be formed is driven upward, downward, leftward, and rightward, i.e., driven three-dimensionally, using an operating robot, there is an advantage in that holes having various sizes can be formed using one milling drill bit regardless of the size of the hole to be formed in the alveolar bone. That is, there is an advantage in that the number of components, i.e., tools for forming a hole in the alveolar bone, can be significantly reduced.

[0055] Figure 5 is a diagram showing an example of forming an asymmetric hole in an alveolar bone having extreme bone density and installing a screw, wherein D1 indicates an area with the highest bone density, D2 indicates an area with the second highest bone density, and D4 indicates an area with the lowest bone density.

[0056] like Figure 5 As shown, the area D1 with the highest bone density is drilled so that the surface in contact with the screw is low (T1, T5), the area D2 with the second highest bone density is drilled so that it contacts the screw more than area D1 (T4), and the area D4 with the lowest bone density is drilled so that it contacts the screw the most (T2, T3, T6). In this case, the hole is milled to be smaller than the diameter of the screw of the implant so that the screw of the implant itself cuts the tooth socket, thereby ensuring additional fixing force.

[0057] By forming the hole in this manner and inserting the screw into the hole, a uniform and strong contact force is maintained over the entire contact surface of the screw, and necrosis of the tooth socket due to excessive contact pressure can be prevented.

[0058] The method of forming a hole for an implant in the alveolar bone using the milling drill bit according to the present disclosure is described again. First, the bone density of the alveolar bone is measured. The bone density can be measured by a device such as a CT system. Next, the measured bone density is stored in an operating robot, and the milling drill bit according to the present disclosure is installed on the operating robot. Next, an operator as a dentist holds the milling drill bit, moves the milling blade of the milling drill bit to the alveolar bone to drill a hole, and moves the milling drill bit in the depth direction of the alveolar bone while moving it left and right in a circular shape, thereby forming a hole in the alveolar bone.

[0059] In this case, when the range limit of the milling drill bit according to the bone density stored in the operating robot is exceeded, the operator is warned by the tactile function of the milling drill bit. However, the information of the bone density stored in the surgical robot and the actual bone density information may be different, in which case there is a risk of over- or under-cutting of the alveolar bone. In order to eliminate this risk, a sensor can be installed on the operating robot equipped with the milling drill bit, which can measure the change in the torque applied to the milling drill bit. Therefore, the hole originally intended by operating the milling drill bit can be safely formed based on the bone density information stored in the operating robot and the torque value measured in real time.

[0060] Various contents are described in detail in the above description, but these contents should be interpreted as examples of preferred embodiments rather than limiting the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure should be determined by the claims and the equivalents of the claims rather than by the above embodiments.

Claims

1. A milling drill bit for implants, the milling drill bit being used to form a hole for implanting an artificial tooth, in, The milling drill bit is formed in a rod shape and includes an upper part fastened to an operating robot and held by an operator, and a milling blade installed at a second end of a support rod to form a hole for implanting an artificial tooth in an alveolar bone for dental implant surgery, a first end of the support rod being connected to an end of the upper part, and a diameter of the milling blade being larger than a diameter of the support rod.

2. The milling drill bit for implants according to claim 1, wherein: A scale is formed on the support rod to enable checking of the depth of the implantation hole.

3. The milling drill bit for implants according to claim 1, wherein: The milling blade is formed in a cylindrical shape with a rectangular cross section, and a cutting blade for cutting alveolar bone and a cutting groove for discharging cut bone fragments are formed on an outer surface of the milling blade, and the cutting blade and the cutting groove extend to the bottom of the milling blade.

4. The milling drill bit for implants according to claim 1, wherein: The milling blade is formed to have a circular or inverted triangular cross section, and a cutting blade for cutting alveolar bone and a cutting groove for discharging cut bone fragments are formed on an outer surface of the milling blade, and the cutting blade and the cutting groove extend to the bottom of the milling blade.

5. The milling drill bit for implants according to claim 1, wherein: The milling insert is formed to have a rectangular, circular, or inverted triangular cross-section, an outer surface of the milling insert is flat, and diamond powder for cutting alveolar bone is fixed on the outer surface.

6. The milling drill bit for implants according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein: The milling drill is mounted on the operating robot, the operating robot forms a hole in the alveolar bone by driving the milling drill up and down and left and right in a circular shape, and the diameter of the milling drill is smaller than the diameter of the hole.

7. A method for forming an implant hole using the milling drill bit for implant according to claim 1, the method for forming an implant hole comprising the following steps: Mounting the milling drill bit on an operating robot; The bone density of the alveolar bone is measured using a device for measuring bone density; storing the measured bone density data in the operating robot; as well as A hole is formed in the alveolar bone by holding the milling drill, moving the milling blade of the milling drill to the alveolar bone to drill a hole, and moving the milling drill in a depth direction of the alveolar bone while moving the milling drill left and right in a circular shape by an operator.

8. The method for forming an implantation hole according to claim 7, wherein: The hole is cut asymmetrically so that the portion with high bone density is in shallow contact with the screw of the artificial tooth, and the portion with low bone density is in deep contact with the screw, so that the screw of the artificial tooth installed in the hole has uniform contact force with the alveolar bone.

9. The method for forming an implantation hole according to claim 8, wherein: The holes are asymmetrically formed to have various diameters according to the bone density of the alveolar bone.

10. The milling drill bit for implants according to claim 1, wherein: The milling blade is formed in a disk shape, a cutting blade for cutting alveolar bone and a cutting groove for discharging cut bone fragments are formed on an outer surface of the milling blade, and the cutting blade and the cutting groove extend to the bottom of the milling blade.

11. The milling drill bit for implants according to claim 10, wherein: The milling drill bit having a disc-shaped milling insert can form not only the hole in the alveolar bone but also threads of a screw for coupling to an implant in the hole.

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