Screw for vertebral compression fracture surgery

Abstract

The invention provides a screw for a vertebral compression fracture surgery, and belongs to the technical field of medical instruments. The orthopedic screw comprises a head end, a threaded section and a connecting end which are sequentially connected, the head end is an elastic material piece, an arc chamfer face is arranged at the end of the head end, and a spiral thread is arranged on the side wall of the threaded section. Compared with a traditional orthopedic screw with the head end designed to be of a sharp screw point structure, the head end is subjected to arc chamfering treatment, and the head end with the arc chamfering face is used for making contact with the tail end of a bone tunnel close to an injured part; the orthopedic screw can effectively reduce local stress of a contact part between the head end and the inside of a spine in the implanting process and the subsequent process, avoids drilling or bone tunnel wall cutting when a patient moves and influences rehabilitation and healing of the patient, and effectively solves the problem of poor surgical treatment effect caused by structural defects of orthopedic screws in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and in particular to a screw for surgery on vertebral compression fractures. Background Art

[0002] Compression fractures are a type of fracture that occurs when a bone is compressed and deformed by an external force and breaks. This type of fracture usually occurs in the spine, hip, wrist, and other parts of the body. Symptoms of compression fractures include severe pain, swelling, local tenderness, and limited mobility. If the fracture is more serious, symptoms such as limb numbness and weakness may also occur.

[0003] In the related art, the methods for treating compression fractures include conservative treatment and surgical treatment. Conservative treatment mainly relieves pain and promotes fracture healing through rest, use of support (such as plaster, crutches, etc.) and drug treatment. Surgical treatment is to reposition and fix the fracture site through surgery to promote fracture healing.

[0004] For compression fractures in the vertebral body of the spine, the existing surgical treatment options usually involve implanting pedicle screws in adjacent vertebrae to achieve reduction and correction of the compression fracture by distracting the vicinity of the screws. However, this type of distraction reduction is an indirect reduction with limited reduction effects, and often leads to excessive distraction or loosening of the screw track in pursuit of a reduction effect. If a screw can be used to lift the upper end plate of the compressed vertebra, then direct reduction can be achieved. In order to ensure smooth implantation, the tip of the existing orthopedic screws is usually processed into a self-tapping thread, which is relatively sharp. Using existing screws to lift the upper end plate poses the risk of drilling and penetration, affecting the effectiveness of the surgery and subsequent treatment. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiment of the present invention provides a screw for vertebral compression fracture surgery, which can solve the problem of poor surgical treatment effect caused by structural defects of orthopedic screws in the prior art. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] An embodiment of the present invention provides a screw for spinal vertebral compression fracture surgery, comprising a head end, a threaded section and a connecting end connected in sequence, wherein the head end is an elastic material part and the end is provided with an arc chamfered surface, and the side wall of the threaded section is provided with a spiral thread.

[0007] Optionally, the head end includes a supporting portion and a threaded inner rod, the arc chamfered surface is located on the supporting portion, a threaded inner hole is arranged in the threaded segment, an adjustment port connected to the threaded inner hole is opened at the connecting end, the threaded inner rod is passed through the threaded inner hole and meshed with the threaded inner hole, and the other end of the threaded inner rod extends into the adjustment port and is provided with an adjusting bolt head.

[0008] Optionally, the supporting portion is a polyetheretherketone structural member.

[0009] Optionally, the length of the head end ranges from 5 to 10 mm.

[0010] Optionally, the diameter of the head end ranges from 4 to 5 mm.

[0011] Optionally, it also includes a connecting seat, which is cylindrical, the inner wall of the connecting seat has a thread and a spherical socket is arranged at one end, the connecting end is spherical, the screw for spinal vertebral compression fracture surgery is passed through the connecting seat and the connecting end is rotatably clamped in the spherical socket, and a locking washer and a threaded pressure nail matching the connecting end are also arranged in the connecting seat.

[0012] Optionally, the threaded segment includes a first threaded segment close to the head end and a second threaded segment close to the connecting end. Optionally, the first threaded segment, the second threaded segment and the connecting end are detachably connected.

[0013] The beneficial effects brought about by the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention include at least:

[0014] The screw structure for spinal vertebral compression fracture surgery provided by the embodiment of the present invention has a head end designed to be a sharper nail tip structure than traditional orthopedic screws. In the present invention, the head end is chamfered by an arc, and the head end with the arc chamfered surface is used to contact the end of the bone canal close to the injury site. This can effectively reduce the local stress at the contact point between the head end and the inside of the spine during the implantation process and the subsequent existence in the spine, avoid drilling through the bone canal wall, and affect the patient's rehabilitation and healing, and effectively solve the problem of poor surgical treatment effect caused by the structural defects of orthopedic screws in the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a screw for spinal vertebral compression fracture surgery provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of a screw for spinal vertebral compression fracture surgery provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the cooperation between the connecting end and the connecting seat of the screw for vertebral compression fracture surgery provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 is a structural cross-sectional view of a connecting socket provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a top view of the structure of a screw implanted into a vertebra for vertebral compression fracture surgery provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a lateral view of a screw implanted into a spine for vertebral compression fracture surgery provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 1-head end; 2-threaded section; 2a-first threaded section; 2b-second threaded section; 3-connecting end; 4-connecting seat; 4a-U-shaped opening; 11-arc chamfered surface; 12-supporting part; 13-threaded inner rod; 21-threaded inner hole; 31-adjusting port; 41-spherical socket; 42-compression washer; 43-threaded pressure nail; 131-adjusting bolt head; m-vertebra; m1-compression part; m2-nail channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a screw for spinal vertebral compression fracture surgery provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of a screw for spinal vertebral compression fracture surgery provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the cooperation between the connecting end and the connecting seat of the screw for vertebral compression fracture surgery provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a structural cross-sectional view of a connecting socket provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a top view of the structure of a screw implanted into a vertebra for vertebral compression fracture surgery provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the side view of the screw implanted into the vertebral body for vertebral compression fracture surgery provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figures 1 to 6 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a screw for spinal vertebral compression fracture surgery, comprising: a head end 1, a threaded section 2 and a connecting end 3 connected in sequence, the head end 1 is an elastic material part and the end is provided with a circular chamfered surface 11, and the side wall of the threaded section 2 is provided with a spiral thread.

[0025] In the embodiment of the present invention, the surgical screw for vertebral compression fracture provided by the embodiment of the present invention is used. First, the screw channel is prefabricated at the intersection of the outer edge of the articular process of the fractured vertebra and the lower edge of the transverse process as the screw entry point, and the direction of the screw channel is inward and inclined toward the head end. The surgical screw for vertebral compression fracture is implanted along the screw channel m2 using relevant surgical instruments, and its head end is screwed toward the compression part m1. After reaching the end of the screw channel m2, the head end 1 with a circular chamfered surface 11 is used to push and support the compression part m1 from below to achieve resetting and correction. Compared with the traditional orthopedic screw whose head end is designed as a sharper nail tip structure, the head end 1 in the present invention is processed by circular chamfering, and the head end with elastic material is used to cooperate with the circular chamfered surface 11 to contact the end of the screw channel m2 close to the injury site, which can effectively reduce the local stress of the contact part between the head end 1 and the inside of the vertebra m during the implantation process and the subsequent existence in the vertebra m, avoid drilling or bone channel wall, affect the patient's rehabilitation and healing, and effectively solve the problem of poor surgical treatment effect caused by the structural defects of orthopedic screws in the prior art.

[0026] It should be noted that the orientation of the opening of the screw channel m2 and the injury site, that is, the specific position of the compression site m1 on the vertebra m in the above description is only one use case of the embodiment of the present invention during use. Based on different compression sites m1, the opening of the screw channel m2 and the implantation direction of the screw need to be changed according to actual conditions, and the embodiment of the present invention does not limit this.

[0027] Optionally, the length of the head end 1 ranges from 5 to 10 mm, and the diameter of the head end 1 ranges from 4 to 5 mm. Exemplarily, in an embodiment of the present invention, the head end 1 is a smooth cylindrical structure with no threads on the side wall at one end, and the arc chamfered surface 11 is located at the end away from the threaded section 2. The overall length of the head end 1 is 10 mm and the diameter is 5 mm. The end of the head end 1 and the section extending backward are both set as smooth arc structures, so that the screw interruption can smoothly contact the inner wall of the nail channel m2 after drilling, further reducing the local stress on the inner wall of the nail channel m2 near the compression part m1 to avoid damage.

[0028] Optionally, the head end 1 includes a support portion 12 and a threaded inner rod 13, the arc chamfered surface 11 is located on the support portion 12, a threaded inner hole 21 is provided in the threaded segment 2, an adjustment port 31 connected to the threaded inner hole 21 is provided at the connection end 3, the threaded inner rod 13 is inserted into the threaded inner hole 21 and meshes with the threaded inner hole 21, and the other end of the threaded inner rod 13 extends into the adjustment port 31 and is provided with an adjustment bolt head 131. Exemplarily, in an embodiment of the present invention, further, by designing the screw for vertebral compression fracture surgery in a split manner, the cylindrical head end 1 is set to be separable from the threaded segment 2. It includes a support portion 12 that is sealed and fitted with the threaded segment 2 under normal working conditions, and a threaded inner rod 13 that is threadedly connected to the threaded inner hole 21 in the threaded segment 2. The length of the threaded inner rod 13 is longer than that of the threaded segment 2, and its end extends into the adjustment port 31 in the connection end 3 under normal working conditions. When the screw is drilled into the nail channel m2 and approaches the end, it may be easy to drill through or damage the inner wall of the nail channel m2 if the screw is drilled further, and the head end 1 fails to completely contact the inner wall of the end of the nail channel m2, resulting in insufficient support and reduction effect. At this time, a matching surgical instrument such as an inner hexagonal wrench that matches the adjusting bolt head 131 can be inserted into the adjustment port 31 from one side of the connecting end 3, and the adjusting bolt head 131 can be screwed together to make the threaded inner rod 13 and the support part 12 partially extend forward relative to the threaded section 2 and the connecting end 3. Under the condition that the screw of the threaded section 2 and the connecting end 3 does not need to be drilled forward as a whole, the support part 12 where the arc chamfered surface 11 is located can be advanced alone to fully press against the inner wall of the end of the nail channel m2 with a certain gap, thereby reducing the difficulty of the operation and ensuring its support and reduction correction effect.

[0029] Optionally, the support portion 12 is a polyetheretherketone structural member. Exemplarily, in an embodiment of the present invention, the support portion 12, that is, the front end position of the head end 1 for contacting the bone channel wall of the vertebra m, is made of polyetheretherketone, that is, PEEK material, and its elastic modulus is between 3.6-4.1GPa, which can maintain its shape and is not easy to deform when subjected to force. This higher elastic modulus makes PEEK perform well in applications requiring high strength and high rigidity, such as the field of medical devices. At the same time, the Poisson's ratio of PEEK is about 0.36-0.39, which means that it will have a certain deformation when subjected to external force, but it will not be too obvious. This lower Poisson's ratio further demonstrates its good rigidity and stability. At the same time, when the support portion 12 contacts the inner wall of the nail channel m2, it can undergo a certain deformation to achieve full contact, further ensuring its support and resetting correction effect.

[0030] Optionally, a connection seat 4 is further included, the connection seat 4 is cylindrical, the inner wall of the connection seat 4 has threads and one end is provided with a spherical socket 41, the connection end 3 is spherical, the screw is passed through the connection seat 4 and the connection end 3 is rotatably clamped in the spherical socket 41, and the connection seat 4 is also provided with a compression washer 42 and a threaded pressure nail 43 matching the connection end 3. Exemplarily, in the embodiment of the present invention, when implanting screws for vertebral compression fracture surgery, the connection seat 4 can be inserted together. During assembly, the entire screw can be inserted from the side of the U-shaped opening 4a of the connection seat 4, and passed out from the opening on the other side of the cylindrical structure until the spherical connection end 3 is inserted into the spherical socket 41. At this time, the connection end 3 can be adjusted with a certain degree of freedom in the spherical socket 41 to adjust the relative angle of the head end 1 and the threaded section 2 extending out of the connection seat 4, so as to cooperate with the implantation in some complex nail channels m2 with certain corners, and ensure that the head end 1 can fully contact the inner wall of the end of the nail channel m2 near the compression part m1, so as to further improve the adaptability. After the adjustment is completed, the threaded pressure nail 43 structure can be tightened, and the threaded hole on the inner side of the connection seat 4 can be pushed toward the connection end 3, so that the connection end 3 can be pressed and locked in the spherical socket 41 by using the compression washer 42 to avoid rotation or dislocation after surgery, and ensure the safety and effectiveness of the operation.

[0031] Optionally, the thread segment 2 includes a first thread segment 2 near the head end 1 and a second thread segment 2 near the connection end 3, and the pitch of the first thread segment 2 is greater than the pitch of the second thread segment 2. Exemplarily, in an embodiment of the present invention, by setting the thread segment 2 to an upper thread configuration with a long front pitch and a narrow rear pitch, the front portion of the screw in the bone has a larger contact area and a deeper penetration force, thereby enhancing the bonding force between the screw and the bone. This enhanced bonding force helps to improve the fixation stability of the screw in the bone and reduce the risk of the screw loosening or coming out due to external force or activity. The reduction of the rear pitch helps to increase the pull-out resistance of the screw. When the screw is subjected to a tensile force perpendicular to its axis, the narrow pitch design can provide greater pull-out resistance to prevent the screw from being pulled out. The design of a long front pitch and a narrow rear pitch enables the screw to adapt to the fixation requirements under different bone conditions. For patients with osteoporosis or soft bone, the front end with a long pitch can provide better gripping force; while for patients with hard bone, the rear end with a narrow pitch can provide sufficient pull-out resistance. And, easy to operate: screws of this design are usually easy to operate, and doctors can insert and fix them in the bones more easily. This helps improve surgical efficiency and shortens surgical time. Since the screws have better fixation stability and anti-pullout performance, the risk of secondary surgery caused by screw loosening or dislocation can be reduced, which also helps reduce surgical trauma and recovery time for patients.

[0032] Optionally, the first thread segment 2a, the second thread segment 2b and the connecting end 3 are detachably connected. Exemplarily, in the embodiment of the present invention, the thread segment 2 and the connecting end 3 can be detachably connected by internal thread connection, that is, according to different surgical requirements, the first thread segment 2a and the second thread segment 2b with different length ratios or different pitch specifications can be replaced to cooperate with the connecting end 3 and the head end 1 to form an orthopedic screw as a whole. In an optional embodiment, the thread segment 2 with only one pitch can also be combined to improve the adaptability of the screw for vertebral compression fracture surgery.

[0033] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used herein shall have the usual meanings understood by persons of ordinary skill in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the patent application specification and claims of the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, words such as "one" or "one" do not indicate a quantity limitation, but indicate the existence of at least one. Words such as "include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before "include" or "comprise" include the elements or objects listed after "include" or "comprise" and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. Words such as "connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0034] The above descriptions are merely optional embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A screw for vertebral compression fracture surgery, characterized in that: It comprises a head end (1), a threaded section (2) and a connecting end (3) which are connected in sequence, the end of the head end (1) is provided with a circular arc chamfered surface (11), and the side wall of the threaded section (2) is provided with a spiral thread.

2. A screw for spinal vertebral compression fracture surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The head end (1) comprises a supporting portion (12) and a threaded inner rod (13); the arc chamfered surface (11) is located on the supporting portion (12); a threaded inner hole (21) is provided in the threaded section (2); an adjustment port (31) connected to the threaded inner hole (21) is provided in the connecting end (3); the threaded inner rod (13) is inserted into the threaded inner hole (21) and meshed with the threaded inner hole (21); the other end of the threaded inner rod (13) extends into the adjustment port (31) and is provided with an adjustment bolt head (131).

3. The screw for spinal vertebral compression fracture surgery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The head end is made of elastic material.

4. The screw for spinal vertebral compression fracture surgery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The support portion (12) is a polyetheretherketone structural component.

5. The screw for spinal vertebral compression fracture surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the head end (1) ranges from 5 to 10 mm.

6. The screw for spinal vertebral compression fracture surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the head end (1) ranges from 4 to 5 mm.

7. The screw for spinal vertebral compression fracture surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a connecting seat (4), the connecting seat (4) being cylindrical, the inner wall of the connecting seat (4) being threaded and one end being provided with a spherical socket (41), the connecting end (3) being spherical, the screw for spinal vertebral compression fracture surgery being inserted into the connecting seat (4) and the connecting end (3) being rotatably clamped in the spherical socket (41), and the connecting seat (4) being provided with a compression washer (42) and a threaded pressure nail (43) matching the connecting end (3).

8. The screw for spinal vertebral compression fracture surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thread segment (2) comprises a first thread segment (2a) close to the head end (1) and a second thread segment (2b) close to the connecting end (3), and the pitch of the first thread segment (2a) is greater than the pitch of the second thread segment (2b).

9. The screw for spinal vertebral compression fracture surgery according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first thread segment (2a), the second thread segment (2b) and the connecting end (3) are detachably connected.

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