Intramedullary nail of sternoclavicular joint dislocation or extremely near-end clavicle fracture fixing system

Abstract

The invention discloses an intramedullary nail of a sternoclavicular dislocation or extremely near-end clavicle fracture fixing system, which comprises an intramedullary nail body, one end of the intramedullary nail body is connected with a sternum fixator, and the sternum fixator is used for being connected with a sternum handle. The intramedullary nail of the fixing system for sternoclavicular dislocation or extremely near-end fracture of the clavicle is simple and safe to operate in an operation, and important tissue structures behind the sternum cannot be damaged by operation under direct vision or perspective; fixation is reliable, joint stability is good, and early functional exercise can be achieved; postoperative internal fixation is convenient to take out; the intramedullary fixation does not cause the postoperative sternoclavicular joint upheaval and does not affect the appearance; intramedullary fixation conforms to the biomechanical and anatomical characteristics of the sternoclavicular joint, fixation is firm after the sternum handle is fixed through a screw, the risk of fixation failure caused by movement of an intramedullary nail is avoided, and early functional exercise is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular relates to an intramedullary nail for a fixation system of a sternoclavicular joint dislocation or a clavicle proximal fracture. Background Art

[0002] The sternoclavicular joint is the only joint connecting the upper limbs to the trunk. The clavicular articular surface is often larger than the sternal articular surface, and the two are covered by fibrocartilage. The inner end of the clavicle is enlarged and spherical, forming a plane joint with the clavicular notch of the sternum, and the two articular surfaces do not match each other, with an articular disc in between. The sternoclavicular joint lacks bony stability and is easily dislocated. It is one of the most unstable joints in the human body. Because it is a plane joint and the weight of the shoulder and arm is leveraged, it is difficult to treat. Currently, treatment methods are divided into two types: conservative treatment and surgical treatment. Conservative treatment mainly involves manual reduction, followed by traction and sandbag compression (anterior dislocation) or plaster fixation (posterior dislocation) after reduction, because it is easy to reduce but difficult to fix and often fails. Surgical treatment measures for sternoclavicular joint dislocation include Kirschner wires, steel plates, steel wires or tension band fixation. These treatment methods have a high recurrence rate and a high failure rate. It is reported that the incidence of severe complications after surgical reduction of the sternoclavicular joint is as high as 25%. The open reduction and internal fixation with Kirschner wires may cause the Kirschner wires to move and break, and may withdraw or wander into the mediastinum, lungs, and pericardium, which can often cause fatal complications. Cases of death due to the movement of Kirschner wires have been reported in the literature. The open reduction and internal fixation with steel plates has a high failure rate because the sternoclavicular joint is a micro-motion joint and the sternal manubrium screw has insufficient holding force, which ultimately leads to local pain, bulge deformity, subluxation deformity, and severe functional impairment in some patients. In summary, the current treatment methods are not very satisfactory and have some complications. The main disadvantages of these methods are: 1. It is often easy to reduce but difficult to maintain, and there are often subluxation deformities; 2. When the upper limbs are active, due to the huge lever force acting on the fixed object, fatigue fracture and displacement of traditional steel wires, steel plates, and Kirschner wires are very common, and even the needles are displaced and penetrate the mediastinum, heart, lungs, and large blood vessels, endangering life, or due to the continuous action of shear force, subluxation may gradually occur, leading to failure of internal fixation. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intramedullary nail for a fixation system for sternoclavicular joint dislocation or clavicle proximal fracture, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides an intramedullary nail of a sternoclavicular joint dislocation or proximal clavicle fracture fixation system, comprising an intramedullary nail body, one end of the intramedullary nail body being connected to a sternum fixator, and the sternum fixator being used to be connected to the sternal manubrium.

[0005] Preferably, one end of the intramedullary nail body is provided with an external thread, and the sternum fixer includes a fixing screw kit and a sternal manubrium fixing piece, the sternal manubrium fixing piece is located above the fixing screw kit, the fixing screw kit is threadedly connected with a fixing screw, and the fixing screw is provided with an internal thread, and the internal thread is adapted to the external thread.

[0006] Preferably, the manubrium fixing member is fixedly connected to the manubrium via cancellous bone screws.

[0007] Preferably, the intramedullary nail body is made of medical-grade titanium alloy material.

[0008] Preferably, the sternum fixator is made of medical-grade titanium alloy material.

[0009] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0010] 1. The operation is simple and safe, and the operation under direct vision or fluoroscopy will not damage important tissue structures behind the sternum;

[0011] 2. Reliable fixation, good joint stability, and early functional training;

[0012] 3. Easy removal of internal fixation after surgery;

[0013] 4. Intramedullary fixation will not cause sternoclavicular joint bulge after surgery and will not affect the appearance;

[0014] 5. Intramedullary fixation conforms to the biomechanical and anatomical characteristics of the sternoclavicular joint. It is firmly fixed after being fixed to the sternal manubrium with screws. There is no risk of intramedullary nail movement causing fixation failure, which is conducive to early functional training; 6. It is conducive to the repair and reconstruction of the damaged sternoclavicular joint capsule, sternoclavicular ligament, and costoclavicular ligament. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the intramedullary nail body of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a front view of the sternum fixator of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 is an axonometric view of the sternum fixator of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fixing screw of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the intramedullary nail body and the sternum fixator;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intramedullary nail body being arranged in the body.

[0022] In the figure: 1. intramedullary nail body; 2. external thread; 3. fixing screw kit; 4. sternal manubrium fixing piece; 5. fixing screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] Reference Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment provides an intramedullary nail of a sternoclavicular joint dislocation or proximal clavicle fracture fixation system, including an intramedullary nail body 1, one end of the intramedullary nail body 1 is connected to a sternum fixator, and the sternum fixator is used to connect to the sternum manubrium.

[0026] When in use, first use the reduction tool in this system to reduce the sternoclavicular joint or the proximal clavicle fracture in an open or closed state, then install the sternal manubrium opening positioning nail aimer in this system and measure the length of the selected intramedullary nail, and determine the diameter by combining the preoperative imaging measurement of the size of the medullary cavity. Make a horizontal incision at the positioning point, and separate the skin to the surface and lateral side of the sternal manubrium by about 2 cm. Hold the opening cone in this system and extend the positioning aspect to be level with the sternal manubrium opening, about 1 cm deep. Then hold the intramedullary nail holding forceps in this system to install the selected intramedullary nail and slowly advance it in the aiming direction until the intramedullary nail body 1 successfully passes through the sternal manubrium barrier layer to the sternoclavicular joint and then enters the clavicular medullary cavity, until the nail tail of the intramedullary nail body 1 is flush with the outer side of the sternal manubrium, check the alignment of the sternoclavicular joint or the proximal clavicle fracture end, and install the sternal fixator after confirming that it is correct with the C-arm fluoroscopy, and fix it to the sternal manubrium with a 3.5 cancellous bone screw of appropriate length, and then fix it to the tail of the intramedullary nail body 1 with a matching hollow fixing screw to prevent the intramedullary nail body 1 from sliding and causing the fixation to fail.

[0027] Further optimizing the scheme, one end of the intramedullary nail body 1 is provided with an external thread 2, the sternum fixer includes a fixing screw kit 3 and a sternum manubrium fixing piece 4, the sternum manubrium fixing piece 4 is located above the fixing screw kit 3, the fixing screw kit 3 is internally threaded with a fixing screw 5, the fixing screw 5 is provided with an internal thread, and the internal thread is adapted to the external thread 2. The sternum manubrium fixing piece 4 is fixed to the front side of the sternum manubrium with a 3.5 mm cancellous bone snail of suitable length, and then fixed to the tail of the intramedullary nail body 1 with a matching hollow fixing screw to prevent the intramedullary nail body 1 from sliding and causing the fixation to fail.

[0028] According to a further optimized solution, the manubrium sternum fixing member 4 is fixed to the manubrium sternum via cancellous bone screws.

[0029] According to a further optimized solution, the intramedullary nail body 1 is made of medical grade titanium alloy material.

[0030] The intramedullary nail body 1 has three diameters of 2.0mm, 2.5mm and 3.0mm according to needs, each of which has a specification of 100mm to 250mm with an interval of 5mm. The tip of the intramedullary nail body 1 is rounded and has no burrs.

[0031] To further optimize the solution, the sternum fixator is made of medical-grade titanium alloy.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0033] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intramedullary nail for fixation of sternoclavicular joint dislocation or proximal clavicle fracture, characterized by: It comprises an intramedullary nail body (1), one end of which is connected to a sternum fixer, and the sternum fixer is used to be connected to the sternum manubrium.

2. The intramedullary nail of the fixation system for sternoclavicular joint dislocation or proximal clavicle fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the intramedullary nail body (1) is provided with an external thread (2), and the sternum fixer includes a fixing screw kit (3) and a sternal manubrium fixing piece (4), wherein the sternal manubrium fixing piece (4) is located above the fixing screw kit (3), and the fixing screw kit (3) is internally threadedly connected to a fixing screw (5), and the fixing screw (5) is internally provided with an internal thread, and the internal thread is adapted to the external thread (2).

3. The intramedullary nail of the fixation system for sternoclavicular joint dislocation or proximal clavicle fracture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sternal manubrium fixing piece (4) is fixedly connected to the sternal manubrium via cancellous bone screws.

4. The intramedullary nail of the fixation system for sternoclavicular joint dislocation or proximal clavicle fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intramedullary nail body (1) is made of medical-grade titanium alloy material.

5. The intramedullary nail of the fixation system for sternoclavicular joint dislocation or proximal clavicle fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sternum fixator is made of medical-grade titanium alloy material.

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