Femur greater trochanter fixing device and fixing system

Abstract

The invention discloses a femur greater trochanter fixing device and a fixing system.The femur greater trochanter fixing device comprises a fixing part and an arc claw part, a fixing hole is formed in the fixing part and matched with a tail cap installed on an intramedullary main nail, and a screw rod part of the tail cap penetrates through the fixing hole to be connected with the intramedullary main nail; the head part of the tail cap presses the fixed part against the surface of the greater trochanter; the arc-shaped claw part is connected with the fixing part, and the arc-shaped claw part is used for grasping the greater trochanter so as to fix the greater trochanter. According to the intramedullary nail, the greater trochanter is grabbed and fixed through the arc-shaped claw part, the arc-shaped claw part is kept fixed through the tail cap on the intramedullary main nail, an incision does not need to be additionally formed in the femur, and fixation of the greater trochanter can be completed on an original surgical incision. In addition, due to the fact that the greater trochanter is prone to upward displacement under traction of the abductor muscle group, the greater trochanter can be hooked through the arc-shaped claw parts, upward displacement of the greater trochanter is effectively prevented, and therefore effective fixing is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular relates to a greater trochanter fixation device and a fixation system. Background Art

[0002] Intertrochanteric fracture is one of the most common fracture types in clinic. It is mostly caused by indirect external force. It can occur when the lower limb is suddenly twisted, when falling, when the lower limb is strongly adducted or abducted, or when it is hit by direct external force. The fracture is mostly comminuted. For intertrochanteric fracture, the usual treatment method is proximal femoral intramedullary nail (PFNA) fixation, which mainly consists of an intramedullary main nail, an oblique tension screw and a transverse fixation screw. The upper part of the intramedullary main nail is provided with an oblique tension screw, and the lower part is provided with a transverse fixation screw. After the intertrochanteric fracture is reduced, the intramedullary main nail is inserted through the top of the greater trochanter of the femur, and then the oblique tension screw is inserted by knocking the outer side of the femur with a sight, so that the oblique tension screw passes through the intramedullary main nail. Since the oblique tension screw enters in a spiral, it squeezes the femoral neck bone and reduces bone loss. After the oblique tension screw is locked, it has the function of preventing rotation. The proximal femoral intramedullary nail belongs to intramedullary fixation, with short torque and good fixation effect, but the existing proximal femoral intramedullary nail cannot fix the fractured greater trochanter.

[0003] The greater trochanter is the attachment point of the hip abductor muscles, and plays a vital role in the standing and walking functions of the human body. Displaced and unhealed greater trochanter fractures have a significant impact on the function of the hip joint. At present, due to the lack of effective and simple greater trochanter fixation devices, clinicians often adopt non-fixed treatment methods for greater trochanter fractures, or use other steel plates to fix the greater trochanter. For example, Chinese patent document CN212879530U discloses a femoral trochanter Y-type locking bone plate, the intramedullary nail includes an intramedullary nail body, a lag screw assembled at the proximal end, and a fixing screw assembled at the distal end. The Y-type locking bone plate includes two claws at the proximal end and a stem at the distal end, so that the lag screw is located between the two claws, and the fixing screw is located at the distal end of the stem, and the claw and the stem are respectively provided with a plurality of locking holes. The Y-shaped locking bone plate includes two claws at the proximal end and a stem at the distal end, so that the tension screw is located between the two claws. The design of the two claws can effectively fix type I, type II, type III, type V and type R fractures in the Evans classification. Moreover, since the bone plate can clamp the tension screw of the intramedullary nail between the two claws, it can play an effective anti-rotation role.

[0004] Although the above solution can fix the fractured greater trochanter, it requires drilling a hole in the femur, which is cumbersome to operate and causes great damage to the femur, thereby increasing the trauma to the femur. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an effective and minimally invasive greater trochanter fixation device. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a greater trochanter fixation device and a fixation system for solving the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, on the one hand, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a greater trochanter fixation device of femur, comprising a fixing part and an arc-shaped claw part, the fixing part is provided with a fixing hole, the fixing hole matches the tail cap installed on the intramedullary main nail, the screw part of the tail cap passes through the fixing hole and is connected with the intramedullary main nail, and the head of the tail cap presses the fixing part against the surface of the greater trochanter; the arc-shaped claw part is connected to the fixing part, and the arc-shaped claw part is used to grasp the greater trochanter to fix the greater trochanter.

[0007] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, the arc-shaped claw portion includes an arc-shaped fitting portion and a plurality of fixed claws, the arc-shaped fitting portion is connected to the fixed portion, and the plurality of fixed claws are all connected to the arc-shaped fitting portion, and the curvature of the fixed claw matches the curvature of the greater trochanter.

[0008] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, the arc-shaped fitting portion is connected to two fixing claws arranged at intervals.

[0009] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, the width of the fixing claw gradually decreases from one end close to the arc-shaped fitting portion toward the other end.

[0010] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, the arc-shaped fitting portion and the fixing claw are integrally formed.

[0011] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, the fixing portion includes a fixing ring sheet, and the fixing hole is arranged in the middle of the fixing ring sheet.

[0012] On the other hand, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a greater trochanter fixation system, including the above-mentioned greater trochanter fixation device, and also including an intramedullary main nail, a tail cap, an oblique tension screw and a transverse fixation screw, the intramedullary main nail is penetrated into the femur, the proximal end of the intramedullary main nail is provided with a first mounting hole, the distal end of the intramedullary main nail is provided with a second mounting hole, one end of the oblique tension screw is penetrated into the femur through the first mounting hole, and one end of the transverse fixation screw is penetrated into the femur through the second mounting hole.

[0013] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, two second mounting holes are provided at the distal end of the intramedullary main nail, and each second mounting hole is equipped with a transverse fixing screw.

[0014] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, the head of the tail cap is provided with an external hexagonal driving part.

[0015] As an optional implementation of the above technical solution, the head of the oblique tension screw is provided with a spiral cutter head.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] 1. Minimally invasive: No need to add femoral incision, the fixation of the greater trochanter can be completed on the original surgical incision, reducing the damage of local tissues, creating a good environment for fracture repair, and promoting fracture healing.

[0018] 2. Simple operation: No additional connecting parts are required, and the operation can be completed based on the original surgical operation, which is convenient and quick.

[0019] 3. Exact therapeutic effect: Under the traction of the abductor muscles, the upward displacement of the greater trochanter is the main problem. The greater trochanter fixation device can effectively prevent the greater trochanter from shifting upward, thereby effectively fixing the greater trochanter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a greater trochanter fixation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a greater trochanter fixation system in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 1-fixing hole; 2-arc-shaped fitting part; 3-fixing claw; 4-fixing ring; 5-intramedullary main nail; 6-tail cap; 7-oblique tension screw; 8-lateral fixing screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a femoral greater trochanter fixation device, including a fixing portion and an arc-shaped claw portion, and the fixing portion and the arc-shaped claw portion are connected to form an integral structure. The fixing portion is provided with a fixing hole 1, and the fixing hole 1 matches the tail cap 6 installed on the intramedullary main nail 5. The screw portion of the tail cap 6 passes through the fixing hole 1 and is connected to the intramedullary main nail 5, and the head of the tail cap 6 presses the fixing portion against the surface of the greater trochanter; the arc-shaped claw portion is connected to the fixing portion, and the arc-shaped claw portion is used to grasp the greater trochanter to fix the greater trochanter. The fixing portion is located at the top of the greater trochanter, and the arc-shaped claw portion wraps the greater trochanter downward to achieve a fixing effect of the greater trochanter.

[0024] The present invention uses an arc-shaped claw to grab and fix the greater trochanter, and keeps the arc-shaped claw fixed by the tail cap 6 on the intramedullary main nail 5. The fixing part, the arc-shaped claw and the intramedullary nail fixing system form an integrated structure, which does not require a new incision on the femur, and the fixation of the greater trochanter can be completed on the original surgical incision. In addition, because the greater trochanter is prone to upward displacement under the traction of the abductor muscles, the present invention can hook the greater trochanter through the arc-shaped claw, effectively preventing the greater trochanter from shifting upward, thereby achieving effective fixation.

[0025] Specifically, the arc-shaped claw portion includes an arc-shaped fitting portion 2 and a plurality of fixed claws 3, the arc-shaped fitting portion 2 is connected to the fixed portion, and the arc-shaped fitting portion 2 and the fixed claws 3 are integrally formed. The plurality of fixed claws 3 are all connected to the arc-shaped fitting portion 2, and the curvature of the fixed claws 3 matches the curvature of the greater trochanter. The width of the fixed claw 3 gradually decreases from one end close to the arc-shaped fitting portion 2 toward the other end, and the fixed claw 3 extends downward. The fixed claw 3 is designed according to the physiological curvature of the greater trochanter of the human femur, and plays a supporting and fixing role for the greater trochanter of the patient. Preferably, the arc-shaped fitting portion 2 is connected to two fixed claws 3 arranged at intervals. It should be noted that the number of fixed claws 3 can be set according to specific needs, and the greater trochanter is grasped by the fixed claws 3 to improve the fixing effect of the greater trochanter.

[0026] In a specific embodiment, the fixing portion includes a fixing ring piece 4, and the fixing hole 1 is arranged in the middle of the fixing ring piece 4. The arc-shaped fitting portion 2 is connected to the outer side of the fixing ring piece 4, and the fixing hole 1 is arranged in the middle of the fixing ring piece 4. The head of the tail cap 6 presses the fixing ring piece 4 against the surface of the greater trochanter, so that the fixing ring piece 4, the fixing claw 3 and the intramedullary nail fixing system form an integrated structure, so that there is no need to drill a hole in the femur, thereby reducing femoral trauma.

[0027] The greater trochanter fixation device of the present invention can be directly used with the tail cap 6 of the intramedullary nail fixation system, which is easy to operate. In addition, the two fixing claws 3 are designed according to the physiological curvature of the greater trochanter of the human femur, and play a supporting and fixing role for the patient's greater trochanter. The greater trochanter fixation device of the femur and the intramedullary nail fixation system form an integrated fixation, and the fixing effect is more stable and reliable.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, the present embodiment also provides a greater trochanter fixation system, including the above-mentioned greater trochanter fixation device and the intramedullary nail fixation system, the intramedullary nail fixation system including an intramedullary main nail 5, a tail cap 6, an oblique tension screw 7 and a transverse fixing screw 8, the intramedullary main nail 5 is penetrated into the femur, the proximal end of the intramedullary main nail 5 is provided with a first mounting hole, the distal end of the intramedullary main nail 5 is provided with a second mounting hole, one end of the oblique tension screw 7 is penetrated into the femur through the first mounting hole, and one end of the transverse fixing screw 8 is penetrated into the femur through the second mounting hole.

[0029] The head of the tail cap 6 is provided with an external hexagonal drive part, which is convenient for installing the tail cap 6. The head of the oblique tension screw 7 is provided with a spiral cutter head. The head of the oblique tension screw 7 adopts the design of a spiral cutter head, which can effectively prevent the oblique tension screw 7 from cutting forward and causing damage to the femoral head.

[0030] In a specific embodiment, two second mounting holes are provided at the distal end of the intramedullary main nail 5 , and each second mounting hole is equipped with a transverse fixing screw 8 . The two transverse fixing screws 8 are used for fixing to improve the fixing effect of the intramedullary main nail 5 .

[0031] The present invention designs a femoral greater trochanter fixation device with two fixing claws 3, wherein a fixing ring 4 is fixed to an intramedullary main nail 5 through a tail cap 6 of an intramedullary nail fixation system, and is integrated with the intramedullary nail fixation system. The two fixing claws 3 grasp the greater trochanter from the front and back sides to achieve an overall fixation effect.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0033] 1. Minimally invasive: No need to add femoral incision, the fixation of the greater trochanter can be completed on the original surgical incision, reducing the damage of local tissues, creating a good environment for fracture repair, and promoting fracture healing.

[0034] 2. Simple operation: No additional connecting parts are required, and the operation can be completed based on the original surgical operation, which is convenient and quick.

[0035] 3. Exact therapeutic effect: Under the traction of the abductor muscles, the upward displacement of the greater trochanter is the main problem. The greater trochanter fixation device can effectively prevent the greater trochanter from shifting upward, thereby effectively fixing the greater trochanter.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; may be mechanically connected or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, may be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood. In addition, the specific features, structures, etc. described in the embodiments are included in at least one embodiment. Under the condition that there is no contradiction, those skilled in the art may combine the features of different embodiments. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments. According to the basic technical concept of the present invention, the embodiments that can be associated with by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A greater trochanter fixation device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a fixing part and an arc-shaped claw part, wherein the fixing part is provided with a fixing hole (1), the fixing hole (1) matches with a tail cap (6) installed on an intramedullary main nail (5), the screw part of the tail cap (6) passes through the fixing hole (1) and is connected with the intramedullary main nail (5), and the head of the tail cap (6) presses the fixing part against the surface of the greater trochanter; the arc-shaped claw part is connected to the fixing part, and is used to grasp the greater trochanter to fix the greater trochanter.

2. The greater trochanter fixation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc-shaped claw portion comprises an arc-shaped fitting portion (2) and a plurality of fixed claws (3); the arc-shaped fitting portion (2) is connected to the fixed portion; the plurality of fixed claws (3) are all connected to the arc-shaped fitting portion (2); and the curvature of the fixed claws (3) matches the curvature of the greater trochanter.

3. The greater trochanter fixation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The arc-shaped fitting portion (2) is connected to two fixed claws (3) arranged at intervals.

4. The greater trochanter fixation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The width of the fixing claw (3) gradually decreases from one end close to the arc-shaped fitting portion (2) toward the other end.

5. The greater trochanter fixation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The arc-shaped fitting portion (2) and the fixing claw (3) are integrally formed.

6. The greater trochanter fixation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing portion comprises a fixing ring sheet (4), and the fixing hole (1) is arranged in the middle of the fixing ring sheet (4).

7. A greater trochanter fixation system, characterized in that: The invention comprises the greater trochanter fixation device as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, and also comprises an intramedullary main nail (5), a tail cap (6), an oblique tension screw (7) and a transverse fixing screw (8), wherein the intramedullary main nail (5) is penetrated into the femur, a first mounting hole is provided at the proximal end of the intramedullary main nail (5), a second mounting hole is provided at the distal end of the intramedullary main nail (5), one end of the oblique tension screw (7) is penetrated into the femur through the first mounting hole, and one end of the transverse fixing screw (8) is penetrated into the femur through the second mounting hole.

8. The greater trochanter fixation system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The distal end of the intramedullary main nail (5) is provided with two second mounting holes, and each second mounting hole is equipped with a transverse fixing screw (8).

9. The greater trochanter fixation system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The head of the tail cap (6) is provided with an external hexagonal driving portion.

10. The greater trochanter fixation system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The head of the oblique tension screw (7) is provided with a spiral cutter head.

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