High-temperature heat exchange type steel ladle roaster

Abstract

The invention provides a high-temperature heat exchange type steel ladle roaster. The high-temperature heat exchange type steel ladle roaster comprises a cold air distribution bin, a plurality of heat exchanger chambers, a hot air distribution bin and burners. A heat exchanger is arranged in the heat exchanger chamber, a plurality of longitudinal holes and a plurality of transverse holes are formed in the heat exchanger, the longitudinal holes and the transverse holes are vertically arranged at intervals, flue gas of the hot flue gas port flows upwards from the longitudinal holes, and air of the cold air outlet flows from the transverse holes; the heat exchanger is made of silicon carbide ceramics. A cold air distribution bin is distributed to a plurality of heat exchanger chambers for heat exchange, hot air generated by the plurality of heat exchanger chambers is collected to a hot air distribution bin and distributed to different positions of a burner, almost all flue gas can be pumped out through a heat exchanger for low-calorific-value fuel, and waste heat in the flue gas can be recycled; for high-calorific-value fuel, the heat exchanger is made of silicon carbide ceramic, is resistant to high temperature and long in service life, adopts a convection structure, is much higher in heat exchange efficiency, and is more energy-saving in the whole system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ladle roasters, in particular to a high-temperature heat exchange type ladle roaster. Background Art

[0002] Ladle roasters are a type of equipment that is often needed in steelmaking workshops. They are used to heat up the ladle for standby use. The existing technology is mainly based on heat storage ladle roasters that use blast furnace gas as fuel and ordinary heat exchange ladle roasters that use converter gas as fuel. Ladle roasters can be divided into vertical and horizontal types. Vertical ladle roasters bake evenly, so they are more widely used. The ladle is placed upright, and the roaster cover covers the ladle horizontally, as close to the ladle mouth as possible. The heat storage box of the heat storage ladle roaster is on the roaster cover. The smoke is directly drawn from the ladle. After heat is stored in the heat storage body, the direction of the air flow is changed through the reversing valve. The air flows through the high-temperature heat storage body, absorbs heat, and is sprayed into the ladle to mix with the gas for combustion. It is suitable for using low calorific value gas as fuel. The heat exchange ladle roaster achieves the purpose of preheating the air through a heat exchanger, and is suitable for using high calorific value gas as fuel.

[0003] Several problems of the existing bag baking device are as follows:

[0004] 1. The process is characterized by discontinuous use, and the equipment structure is difficult to form a closed space. Regenerative combustion requires a relatively closed space to efficiently recover heat;

[0005] 2. The baking target temperature is not too high, about 800 ~ 1000 ℃ can be used; the high temperature advantage of regenerative combustion is not obvious, there is no high temperature environment, the fuel is not burned completely, and the residual ratio is high;

[0006] 3. The flame is required to have a certain impact force, and it is best to be able to flush downward to more than 3 meters, so as to ensure the baking temperature at the bottom of the ladle; the air of the regenerative combustion needs to flow through the regenerative body before being ejected, the resistance loss is large, the impact force is poor, and it is difficult to flush more than 2 meters.

[0007] 4. Ordinary metal heat exchangers have limited heat resistance and the preheating temperature of air is difficult to exceed 500°C. If the preheating temperature is increased further, the heat exchanger may be burned due to unbalanced airflow.

[0008] 5. Thermal storage combustion cannot recover all flue gas. Part of the flue gas overflows from the edge gaps and loses heat.

[0009] Therefore, a high-temperature heat exchange ladle roaster is now needed to increase service life, increase waste heat recovery, and improve heat exchange efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0010] The embodiment of the present invention provides a high-temperature heat exchange type ladle roaster, which solves the problems of short service life, low waste heat recovery and low heat exchange efficiency of the existing ladle roaster.

[0011] In order to overcome the above technical problems, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a high-temperature heat exchange type ladle roaster is provided, comprising:

[0012] A cold air distribution chamber; the cold air distribution chamber comprises a cold air inlet and a plurality of cold air outlets, and the plurality of cold air outlets are all connected to one end of a cold air connecting pipe;

[0013] Multiple heat exchanger chambers; the number of the heat exchanger chambers is the same as the number of the cold air outlets, and the other end of the cold air connecting pipe is connected to the heat exchanger chamber; a heat exchanger is arranged in the heat exchanger chamber, and the heat exchanger is connected above the hot flue gas outlet of the ladle cover plate; a plurality of longitudinal holes and a plurality of transverse holes are opened in the heat exchanger, and the longitudinal holes and the transverse holes are arranged vertically and spaced apart, the flue gas from the hot flue gas outlet flows upward from the longitudinal holes, and the air from the cold air outlet flows from the transverse holes; the material used for the heat exchanger is silicon carbide ceramics;

[0014] A hot air distribution bin; the hot air distribution bin comprises a plurality of hot air inlets, the number of the hot air inlets being the same as the number of the heat exchanger chambers; the heat exchanger chambers being connected to the hot air inlets via hot air connecting pipes; and

[0015] Burner; the burner is arranged above the through hole of the ladle cover plate; the burner is divided into a central axis cavity, an interlayer cavity and an outer cavity, the central axis cavity and the outer cavity are both connected to the hot air distribution bin, and the interlayer cavity is connected to the gas connecting pipe.

[0016] In some embodiments, the cold air connecting pipe includes a first flange straight pipe and an expansion section connected to each other; the first flange straight pipe is connected to the cold air outlet, the expansion section is connected to the heat exchanger chamber, and communicates with the transverse hole.

[0017] In some embodiments, the hot air connecting pipe includes a second flange straight pipe and a contraction section connected to each other; the second flange straight pipe is connected to the hot air inlet, the contraction section is connected to the heat exchanger chamber, and communicates with the transverse hole.

[0018] In some embodiments, the number of the cold air outlet, the heat exchanger chamber and the hot air inlet is two.

[0019] In some embodiments, the through hole is located on the central axis of the ladle cover plate, and the two hot flue gas outlets are respectively located on the left and right sides of the through hole.

[0020] In some embodiments, a smoke exhaust pipe is further included, wherein the smoke exhaust pipe is connected to the upper side of the heat exchanger chamber and communicates with the longitudinal hole.

[0021] In some embodiments, an ejection pipe is also included, and two ends of the ejection pipe are respectively connected to the cold air distribution bin and the smoke exhaust pipe.

[0022] In some embodiments, the outlets of the hot air distribution bins are connected to the burners via flange pipes.

[0023] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shapes of the longitudinal holes and the transverse holes are both circular or elliptical.

[0024] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present invention may have the following beneficial effects:

[0025] The present invention distributes heat from the cold air distribution bin to multiple heat exchanger chambers for heat exchange, collects the hot air generated by the multiple heat exchanger chambers into the hot air distribution bin, and distributes it to different positions of the burner. For low calorific value fuels, the advantage of the present application is that it increases the proportion of flue gas waste heat recovery, and thermal storage combustion can also use low calorific value fuels. However, although the preheating temperature of thermal storage combustion is high, it is limited by the small influence range of the induced draft fan and the poor airtightness of the combustion environment. It is impossible for all flue gases to pass through the thermal storage body, so only part of the heat of the flue gas can be recovered. The heat exchanger resistance of the present application is much smaller than the thermal storage body, so almost all the flue gas can be extracted through the heat exchanger to recover the waste heat therein;

[0026] For high calorific value fuels, the advantage of this application is that the flue gas emission temperature is reduced. The heat exchanger of the traditional structure is made of metal. For the case of high flue gas temperature, a radiation heat exchanger is generally used, which has low heat exchange efficiency, low air preheating temperature and high flue gas emission temperature. The heat exchanger of this application is made of silicon carbide ceramics, which is resistant to high temperatures and has a long service life. It adopts a convection structure, has a much higher heat exchange efficiency, and the whole system is more energy-efficient.

[0027] This application emits less pollutants than the heat storage method. Some coal gas is emitted when the heat storage combustion is switched. This is a problem of the heat storage principle and cannot be changed. This application is different from the heat storage combustion and there is no switching process, so coal gas will not be emitted in this way.

[0028] It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0030] Figure 1 The figure is a side view of a high-temperature heat exchange ladle roaster according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0031] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Center A view.

[0032] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Center B view.

[0033] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the CC section.

[0034] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the middle DD section.

[0035] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a high-temperature heat exchange ladle roaster according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0036] In the figure, 1. cold air distribution bin; 101. cold air inlet; 102. cold air outlet; 2. cold air connecting pipe; 201. first flange straight pipe; 202. expansion section; 3. heat exchanger chamber; 4. heat exchanger; 401. longitudinal hole; 402. transverse hole; 5. hot air distribution bin; 501. hot air inlet; 6. hot air connecting pipe; 601. second flange straight pipe; 602. contraction section; 7. gas connecting pipe; 8. ejector pipe; 9. smoke exhaust pipe; 10. burner; 1001. central axis cavity; 1002. interlayer cavity; 1003. outer cavity; 11. ladle cover; 1101. hot flue gas outlet; 1102. through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] Among them, the drawings are only used for illustrative explanations, and they only represent schematic diagrams rather than actual pictures, and should not be understood as limitations on this patent; in order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.

[0038] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the position relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as a limitation on this patent. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, if the term "connection" or the like appears to indicate the connection relationship between components, the term should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0040] like Figure 1-6 As shown, the present invention provides a high-temperature heat exchange ladle roaster, and some specific embodiments are described below. One of the high-temperature heat exchange ladle roasters includes a cold air distribution chamber 1, a heat exchange chamber 3, a hot air distribution chamber 5 and a burner 10. Specifically, the cold air distribution chamber 1 includes a cold air inlet 101 and a plurality of cold air outlets 102. In this specific embodiment, the cold air distribution chamber 1 has two cold air outlets 102. The air inlet is connected to the blower through an air duct, and the blower provides combustion-supporting air. The combustion-supporting air reaches the two cold air outlets 102 through the cold air distribution chamber 1. The two cold air outlets 102 are connected to the heat exchanger chamber 3 through the cold air connecting pipe 2. The cold air distribution chamber 1 is respectively connected to the two heat exchanger chambers 3 to provide the same cold air to the two heat exchanger chambers 3 as much as possible, which is conducive to the stable operation of the system and prevents the heat exchanger 4 of the heat exchanger chamber 3 from being insufficiently cooled. The heat exchanger 4 is installed in the heat exchanger chamber 3, and the heat exchanger 4 is connected above the hot flue gas outlet 1101 of the ladle cover plate 11. The heat exchanger 4 is provided with a plurality of longitudinal holes 401 and a plurality of transverse holes 402, which are arranged vertically and spaced apart from each other. The heat exchanger 4 is made of silicon carbide ceramics and is a bidirectional porous rectangular parallelepiped structure. The longitudinal holes 401 and the transverse holes 402 are circular or elliptical in shape, and the holes in two directions are arranged vertically and spaced apart, with one layer of transverse holes 402 and one layer of longitudinal holes 401. Under the premise of ensuring the structural strength and tightness of the silicon carbide ceramics, the hole spacing is as small as possible. When in use, the flue gas from the hot flue gas outlet 1101 rises upward and flows upward from the longitudinal holes 401, and the air from the cold air outlet 102 flows from the transverse holes 402, and the two exchange heat, and the heat of the hot flue gas is transferred to the cold air, and the flue gas after cooling goes upward into the exhaust pipe 9.

[0041] The hot air distribution chamber 5 includes a plurality of hot air inlets 501, the number of which is the same as the number of the heat exchanger chamber 3. In this specific embodiment, the number of the hot air inlets 501 is also two, and the heat exchanger chamber 3 is connected to the hot air inlet 501 through the hot air connecting pipe 6. The high-temperature combustion-supporting air heated by the heat exchanger 4 enters the hot air distribution chamber 5 through the hot air connecting pipe 6, and then enters the burner 10, so that the hot air after passing through the two heat exchangers 4 enters the burner 10 with the same resistance, which is conducive to the stable operation of the system. The burner 10 is installed above the through hole 1102 of the ladle cover plate 11. The burner 10 is divided into a central axis cavity 1001, an interlayer cavity 1002 and an outer cavity 1003. The interlayer cavity 1002 is connected to the gas connecting pipe 7, and the central axis cavity 1001 and the outer cavity 1003 are both connected to the hot air distribution chamber 5. The outlet of the hot air distribution chamber 5 is connected to the burner 10 through a flange pipeline, which is convenient for maintenance.

[0042] In order to explain the specific structure of the present invention in more detail, the cold air connecting pipe 2 connected to the two cold air outlets 102 of the cold air distribution bin 1 includes a first flange straight pipe 201 and an expansion section 202 connected to each other. The first flange straight pipe 201 is connected to the cold air outlet 102, and the expansion section 202 is connected to the heat exchanger chamber 3 and communicated with the transverse hole 402, so that the wind speed entering different parts of the heat exchanger 4 is more uniform. The hot air connecting pipe 6 connected to the two hot air inlets 501 of the hot air distribution bin 5 includes a second flange straight pipe 601 and a contraction section 602 connected to each other. The second flange straight pipe 601 is connected to the hot air inlet 501, and the contraction section 602 is connected to the heat exchanger chamber 3 and communicated with the transverse hole 402, so that the heat collection is more concentrated. The cold air connecting pipe 2 and the hot air connecting pipe 6 are more convenient for maintenance.

[0043] The through hole 1102 is located on the central axis of the ladle cover plate 11 and is a channel for the burner 10 for installing the burner 10. The two hot flue gas ports 1101 are located on the left and right sides of the through hole 1102 and are connected to the heat exchanger chamber 3. The burner 10 and the heat exchanger chamber 3 are connected to the ladle cover plate 11 through flanges for easy maintenance.

[0044] To explain in more detail, a high-temperature heat exchange ladle roaster also includes a smoke exhaust pipe 9, which is connected to the upper side of the heat exchanger chamber 3 and communicated with the longitudinal hole 401. The smoke after cooling by the heat exchanger 4 is discharged upward from the smoke pipe, which is convenient for centralized treatment and more environmentally friendly. It also includes an ejector pipe 8, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the cold air distribution bin 1 and the smoke exhaust pipe 9. Through the ejection principle, negative pressure is generated in the smoke exhaust pipe 9, and the cold air is mixed with the smoke to reduce the temperature of the discharged smoke. In addition, the smoke is collected from the top of the heat exchanger chamber 3 and gathered to the main pipe, and the negative pressure generated by the ejector pipe 8 is distributed to the heat exchanger chamber 3, accelerating the airflow through the heat exchanger 4 to prevent the high-temperature smoke generated by the baking flame in the ladle from overflowing from the edge gap. Figure 6Only the schematic diagram of the connection relationship of each component is shown in the figure, which is used to show the gas flow relationship after the components are connected. The position and structure of each component refer to Figure 1-5 shown.

[0045] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present invention after considering the specification and practicing the disclosure disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptations of the present invention that follow the general principles of the present invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not disclosed by the present invention. The description and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present invention are indicated by the following claims.

[0046] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the exact construction that has been described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A high temperature heat exchange ladle roaster, characterized in that: include: A cold air distribution chamber (1); the cold air distribution chamber (1) comprises a cold air inlet (101) and a plurality of cold air outlets (102), and the plurality of cold air outlets (102) are all connected to one end of a cold air connecting pipe (2); A plurality of heat exchanger chambers (3); the number of the heat exchanger chambers (3) is the same as the number of the cold air outlets (102), and the other end of the cold air connecting pipe (2) is connected to the heat exchanger chamber (3); a heat exchanger (4) is arranged in the heat exchanger chamber (3), and the heat exchanger (4) is connected above the hot flue gas outlet (1101) of the ladle cover plate (11); a plurality of longitudinal holes (401) and a plurality of transverse holes (402) are provided in the heat exchanger (4), and the longitudinal holes (401) and the transverse holes (402) are arranged vertically and spaced apart, the flue gas of the hot flue gas outlet (1101) flows upward from the longitudinal holes (401), and the air of the cold air outlet (102) flows from the transverse holes (402); the material used for the heat exchanger (4) is silicon carbide ceramic; A hot air distribution chamber (5); the hot air distribution chamber (5) comprises a plurality of hot air inlets (501), the number of the hot air inlets (501) being the same as the number of the heat exchanger chamber (3); the heat exchanger chamber (3) being connected to the hot air inlets (501) via a hot air connecting pipe (6); and A burner (10); the burner (10) is arranged above the through hole (1102) of the ladle cover plate (11); the burner (10) is divided into a central axis cavity (1001), an interlayer cavity (1002) and an outer cavity (1003), the central axis cavity (1001) and the outer cavity (1003) are both connected to the hot air distribution chamber (5), and the interlayer cavity (1002) is connected to the gas connecting pipe (7).

2. The high temperature heat exchange ladle roaster according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cold air connecting pipe (2) comprises a first flange straight pipe (201) and an expansion section (202) which are connected to each other; the first flange straight pipe (201) is connected to the cold air outlet (102), the expansion section (202) is connected to the heat exchanger chamber (3), and is in communication with the transverse hole (402).

3. The high temperature heat exchange ladle roaster according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot air connecting pipe (6) comprises a second flange straight pipe (601) and a contraction section (602) which are connected to each other; the second flange straight pipe (601) is connected to the hot air inlet (501), the contraction section (602) is connected to the heat exchanger chamber (3), and is in communication with the transverse hole (402).

4. The high temperature heat exchange ladle roaster according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the cold air outlet (102), the heat exchanger chamber (3) and the hot air inlet (501) is two.

5. The high temperature heat exchange ladle roaster according to claim 4, characterized in that: The through hole (1102) is located on the central axis of the ladle cover plate (11), and the two hot flue gas outlets (1101) are respectively located on the left and right sides of the through hole (1102).

6. The high temperature heat exchange ladle roaster according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a smoke exhaust pipe (9), which is connected to the upper side of the heat exchanger chamber (3) and communicates with the longitudinal hole (401).

7. The high temperature heat exchange ladle roaster according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also comprises an ejector pipe (8), the two ends of which are respectively connected to the cold air distribution bin (1) and the smoke exhaust pipe (9).

8. The high temperature heat exchange ladle roaster according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlets of the hot air distribution chamber (5) are connected to the burner (10) via flange pipes.

9. The high temperature heat exchange ladle roaster according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shapes of the longitudinal hole (401) and the transverse hole (402) are both circular or elliptical.

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