48V electrical systems and vehicles

Abstract

This application relates to a vehicle, including a low-voltage power supply component, a low-voltage electrical consumption component, and at least one domain control component. The low-voltage electrical consumption component includes at least two types of loads, comprising multiple first loads and multiple second loads, wherein the rated voltage of the first loads is higher than the rated voltage of the second loads. The low-voltage power supply component is connected to at least a portion of the first loads and the domain control component, respectively, for directly providing a first voltage to the corresponding first load. The domain control component is connected to the low-voltage power supply component, at least a portion of the first loads, and at least a portion of the second loads, respectively, for controlling the low-voltage power supply component to provide the first voltage to the first load corresponding to the domain control component, and converting the first voltage to a second voltage to provide a second voltage to the corresponding second load, wherein the first voltage is greater than the second voltage. The vehicle of this application can improve the 12V power supply system of related technology vehicles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a 48V electrical power system and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of technology, new energy vehicles are becoming more and more common in people's lives.

[0003] In related technologies, new energy vehicles only use 12V batteries to power the low-voltage loads of the vehicle. However, with the development of vehicles, there are more and more high-power devices on the vehicle, and the conventional 12V low-voltage system can hardly meet the development needs of the electrical devices on the vehicle. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a 48V power system and vehicle that can improve the on-board 12V low-voltage power supply system in response to the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a 48V power system, the system comprising a low-voltage power supply component, a low-voltage power consumption component, and at least one domain control component; wherein...

[0006] The low-voltage electrical component includes multiple first loads and multiple second loads, wherein the rated voltage of the first loads is higher than the rated voltage of the second loads;

[0007] The low-voltage power supply component is connected to at least a portion of the first load and the domain control component respectively, and is used to directly provide a first voltage to the corresponding first load;

[0008] The domain control component is connected to the low-voltage power supply component, at least a portion of the first load, and at least a portion of the second load, respectively, and is used to control the low-voltage power supply component to provide a first voltage to the first load corresponding to the domain control component, and to convert the first voltage into a second voltage to provide a second voltage to the corresponding second load, wherein the first voltage is greater than the second voltage.

[0009] In one embodiment, the domain control component includes:

[0010] At least one voltage conversion unit is connected to the low-voltage power supply component and the corresponding second load, respectively, for converting the first voltage into the second voltage and supplying power to the corresponding second load;

[0011] The first control unit is connected to the low-voltage power supply component and the voltage conversion unit respectively, and is used to control the low-voltage power supply component to provide a first voltage to the first load corresponding to the domain control component, and to control the voltage conversion unit to provide a second voltage to the corresponding second load.

[0012] In one embodiment, the at least one voltage conversion unit includes:

[0013] The first voltage conversion unit is connected to the low-voltage power supply component, the corresponding second load and the control unit respectively, and is used to convert the first voltage into the second voltage and supply power to the corresponding second load under the control of the first control unit.

[0014] The second voltage conversion unit is connected to the low-voltage power supply component, the corresponding second load and the control unit respectively, and is used to convert the first voltage into the second voltage to supply power to the first control unit and supply power to the corresponding second load under the control of the first control unit.

[0015] The domain control component further includes a one-way conduction unit, the input of which is connected to a second voltage conversion unit, and the output of which is connected to a first voltage conversion unit. The one-way conduction unit is used to prevent the first voltage conversion unit from supplying power to the control unit.

[0016] In one embodiment, when the second load is in normal operating condition, the first control unit controls the first voltage conversion unit and the second voltage conversion unit to simultaneously supply power to the second load.

[0017] In one embodiment, when the second load is in a dormant state, the first control unit controls the second voltage conversion unit to supply power to the second load.

[0018] In one embodiment, the low-voltage power supply component has a negative port, a first positive port, and at least one second positive port; the low-voltage power supply component includes a power supply unit and at least one third voltage conversion unit, wherein the number of second positive ports is the same as the number of third voltage conversion units;

[0019] The positive terminal of the power supply unit is connected to the first positive terminal port and the third voltage conversion unit, respectively; the negative terminal of the power supply unit is connected to the negative terminal port; and the third voltage conversion unit is connected to the corresponding second positive terminal port.

[0020] The third voltage conversion unit is used to convert the external voltage of the external charging component into the first voltage so that the external charging component can charge the power supply unit.

[0021] In one embodiment, the low-voltage power supply component further includes: a fourth voltage conversion unit, a second control unit, and a switching unit, wherein,

[0022] The fourth voltage conversion unit is connected to the power supply unit and the second control unit respectively. The first terminal of the switching unit is connected to the first positive port, the second terminal of the switching unit is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply unit, and the control terminal of the switching unit is connected to the second control unit.

[0023] The fourth voltage conversion unit is used to convert the first voltage into a third voltage. When the second control unit receives the third voltage, the second control unit controls the switching unit to turn on so that the power supply unit outputs the first voltage through the first positive port and the negative port.

[0024] In one embodiment, the low-voltage power supply component further includes a sampling unit, which is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply unit, the negative terminal of the power supply unit, and the second control unit. The second control unit is also used to acquire the sampling electrical signal of the sampling unit and control the switching unit to turn off when the sampling electrical signal is abnormal.

[0025] In one embodiment, the low-voltage power supply component further includes:

[0026] The protection unit has a first end connected to the first positive port and the third voltage conversion unit, and a second end connected to the positive terminal of the power supply unit. The protection unit is used to protect the power supply unit.

[0027] Secondly, this application also provides a vehicle that includes the 48V electrical power system of any of the above embodiments.

[0028] The aforementioned 48V electrical system and vehicle include a low-voltage power supply component, a low-voltage power consumption component, and at least one domain control component. The low-voltage power consumption component includes at least two types of loads, each including multiple first loads and multiple second loads, wherein the rated voltage of the first loads is higher than the rated voltage of the second loads. The low-voltage power supply component is connected to at least a portion of the first loads and the domain control component, respectively, to directly provide a first voltage to the corresponding first load. The domain control component is connected to the low-voltage power supply component, at least a portion of the first loads, and at least a portion of the second loads, respectively, to control the low-voltage power supply component to provide the first voltage to the first load corresponding to the domain control component, and to convert the first voltage to a second voltage to provide a second voltage to the corresponding second load, wherein the first voltage is greater than the second voltage. The 48V electrical system of this application has two loads with different rated voltages, and is configured with a low-voltage power supply component capable of outputting a larger voltage. This reduces the current in the transmission harness, reduces heat loss in the transmission harness, and reduces the volume of the transmission harness while keeping the power consumption in the vehicle constant, thereby increasing the usable space inside the vehicle. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the conventional technology, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the conventional technology will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a 48V power system in one embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a domain control component in one embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a domain control component in one embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a low-voltage power supply component in one embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the low-voltage power supply component in another embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the low-voltage power supply component in another embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the vehicle structure in another embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more complete description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate embodiments of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of this application will be thorough and complete.

[0038] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0039] It is understood that the terms “first,” “second,” etc., used in this application may be used herein to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another.

[0040] Spatial relation terms such as “below,” “under,” “below,” “under,” “above,” “above,” etc., are used herein to describe the relationship between one element or feature shown in the figure and other elements or features. It should be understood that, in addition to the orientation shown in the figure, spatial relation terms also include different orientations of the device in use and operation. For example, if the device in the figure is flipped, the element or feature described as “below,” “under,” or “below” will be oriented “above” the other element or feature. Therefore, the exemplary terms “below” and “under” can include both above and below orientations. Furthermore, the device may also include other orientations (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or other orientations), and the spatial descriptive terms used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0041] It should be noted that when one element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or connected to the other element through an intermediary element. Furthermore, in the following embodiments, "connection" should be understood as "electrical connection," "communication connection," etc., if there is transmission of electrical signals or data between the connected objects.

[0042] When used herein, the singular forms of “a,” “an,” and “the” may also include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms “comprising / including” or “having,” etc., specify the presence of the stated features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof. Meanwhile, the term “and / or” as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of the associated listed items.

[0043] In one exemplary embodiment, this application provides a 48V power system. The following description uses the application of this 48V power system in a vehicle as an example. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 The 48V power system may include a low-voltage power supply component 11, a low-voltage power consumption component 2, and at least one domain control component 3; wherein,

[0044] The low-voltage power supply component 2 includes multiple first loads 21 and multiple second loads 22, wherein the rated voltage of the first loads 21 is higher than the rated voltage of the second loads 22. The low-voltage power supply component 1 is connected to at least a portion of the first loads 21 and the domain control component 3, respectively, for directly providing a first voltage to the corresponding first load 21. The domain control component 3 is connected to the low-voltage power supply component 1, at least a portion of the first loads 21, and at least a portion of the second loads 22, respectively, for controlling the low-voltage power supply component 1 to provide the first voltage to the first load 21 corresponding to the domain control component 3, and to convert the first voltage to a second voltage to provide a second voltage to the corresponding second load 22, wherein the first voltage is greater than the second voltage.

[0045] In one example, the first load 21 can be a 48V load, the second load 22 can be a 12V load, and the low-voltage power supply component 11 can be a 48V low-voltage battery pack. In the application, a portion of the first load 21 is directly connected to the low-voltage power supply component 11, and the low-voltage power supply component 11 directly provides a first voltage to this portion of the first load 21. In one example, the first load 21 directly connected to the low-voltage power supply component 11 can be a high-power low-voltage load. In this application, some conventional 12V rated low-voltage loads are replaced with 48V rated low-voltage loads. Compared with the related technology that increases the current to meet the growing power demand of low-voltage loads, this application adapts to the growing power demand of low-voltage loads by increasing the rated voltage of the low-voltage loads. This can reduce the transmission current on the transmission harness while adapting to the growing power demand of low-voltage loads. With the reduction in transmission current, the diameter of the transmission harness can be adaptively reduced, thereby reducing the weight and volume of the transmission harness in the vehicle, helping to reduce vehicle weight and increase the usable space inside the vehicle. At the same time, since the heat loss on the transmission harness is positively correlated with the transmission current, the heat loss on the transmission harness can also be reduced when the transmission current is reduced.

[0046] The 48V power system also includes at least one domain control component 3. A portion of the second load 22 and a portion of the first load 21 can be connected to the domain control component 3. The domain control component 3 can control the operating state of the corresponding second load 22 and first load 21, and supply power to them according to their power requirements. Specifically, the domain control component 3 can also convert the first voltage to a second voltage to supply power to the second load 22 and a portion of the first load 21. It can be seen that in this application, by converting the first voltage to a second voltage through the domain control component 3, the original 12V battery in the vehicle is eliminated, which can further help reduce the vehicle's weight.

[0047] The aforementioned 48V power system includes a low-voltage power supply component, a low-voltage power consumption component, and at least one domain control component. The low-voltage power consumption component includes at least two types of loads, each including multiple first loads and multiple second loads, where the rated voltage of the first loads is higher than the rated voltage of the second loads. The low-voltage power supply component is connected to at least a portion of the first loads and the domain control component, respectively, to directly provide a first voltage to the corresponding first load. The domain control component is connected to the low-voltage power supply component, at least a portion of the first loads, and at least a portion of the second loads, respectively, to control the low-voltage power supply component to provide the first voltage to the first load corresponding to the domain control component, and to convert the first voltage to a second voltage to provide a second voltage to the corresponding second load, wherein the first voltage is greater than the second voltage. This application has two loads with different rated voltages, and by configuring a low-voltage power supply component capable of outputting a larger voltage in the vehicle, it can reduce the current in the transmission harness, reduce heat loss in the transmission harness, and reduce the volume of the transmission harness while keeping the power consumption in the vehicle constant, thereby increasing the usable space inside the vehicle.

[0048] In one exemplary embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 The domain control component 3 includes at least one voltage conversion unit 31 and a first control unit 32.

[0049] The voltage conversion unit 31 is connected to the low-voltage power supply component 1 and the corresponding second load 22 respectively, and is used to convert the first voltage into the second voltage and supply power to the corresponding second load 22.

[0050] The first control unit 32 is connected to the low-voltage power supply component 1 and the voltage conversion unit respectively, and is used to control the low-voltage power supply component 1 to provide a first voltage to the first load 21 corresponding to the domain control component 3, and to control the voltage conversion unit to provide a second voltage to the corresponding second load 22.

[0051] It is understood that, in order to provide a second voltage to the second load 22, the domain control component 3 has at least one voltage conversion unit 31 to convert the first voltage into the second voltage. The domain control component 3 also has a first control unit 32, which can control the voltage conversion unit 31 and the low-voltage power supply component 1 to output corresponding current according to the required current of each first load 21 and second load 32 corresponding to the domain control component 3.

[0052] In one exemplary embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 At least one voltage conversion unit includes a first voltage conversion unit 311 and a second voltage conversion unit 312, and the domain control component 3 also includes a unidirectional conduction unit 33.

[0053] The first voltage conversion unit 311 is connected to the low-voltage power supply component 1, the corresponding second load 22, and the control unit, respectively, and is used to convert the first voltage to the second voltage, and supply power to the corresponding second load 22 under the control of the first control unit. The second voltage conversion unit 312 is connected to the low-voltage power supply component 1, the corresponding second load 22, and the control unit, respectively, and is used to convert the first voltage to the second voltage, supply power to the first control unit, and supply power to the corresponding second load 22 under the control of the first control unit. The input terminal of the unidirectional conduction unit 33 is connected to the second voltage conversion unit 312, and the output terminal of the second voltage conversion unit 312 is connected to the first voltage conversion unit 311. The unidirectional conduction unit 33 is used to prevent the first voltage conversion unit 311 from supplying power to the control unit.

[0054] In one example, both the first voltage conversion unit 311 and the second voltage conversion unit 312 can be 48V to 12V DC-DC converters (Direct Current to Direct Current), but their power ratings can differ, with the first voltage conversion unit 311 having a higher power rating than the second voltage conversion unit 312. In application, the input terminals of both the first voltage conversion unit 311 and the second voltage conversion unit 312 are connected to the low-voltage power supply component 1, and their output terminals are connected to the second load 22 corresponding to the domain control component 3. The output terminal of the second voltage conversion unit 312 is also connected to the first control unit 32. When the vehicle is in a dormant state, the second load 22 may be in a dormant or low-energy state. The first control unit 32 can control the second voltage conversion unit 312 to supply power to the second load 22. Simultaneously, since the output terminal of the second voltage conversion unit 312 is also connected to the first control unit 32, the second voltage conversion unit 312 can also supply power to the first control unit 32. When the vehicle is in operation, the second load and the first load in the vehicle are also in their corresponding working states. At this time, the current required by each second load and each first load is relatively large. The first control unit 32 can control the first voltage conversion unit 311 to work so that the first voltage conversion unit 311 and the second voltage conversion unit 312 work together to supply power to the corresponding second load 22.

[0055] In the application, the domain control component 3 may further include a communication unit and a diagnostic unit. The communication unit is connected to each of the first loads 21 and second loads 32 corresponding to the domain control component 3, and is also connected to the first control unit 32, so that each of the first loads 21 and the first control unit 32, and each of the second loads 32 and the first control unit 32, can communicate. The diagnostic unit is connected to each of the first loads 21 and second loads 32 corresponding to the domain control component 3, and is also connected to the first control unit 32. The diagnostic unit can obtain fault information of each of the first loads 21 and second loads 32 in real time and send the fault information to the first control unit 32. Upon receiving the fault information, the first control unit 32 controls and implements corresponding protection measures, such as cutting off the power supply of the first voltage conversion unit 311 and / or the second voltage conversion unit 312 to the faulty second load 22, and cutting off the power supply of the low-voltage power supply component 1 to the faulty first load 21, so as to prevent the fault from further expanding.

[0056] In one exemplary embodiment, please refer to Figure 4 The low-voltage power supply component 1 has a negative port P-, a first positive port P1+, and at least one second positive port P2+. The low-voltage power supply component 1 includes a power supply unit 11 and at least one third voltage conversion unit 12, wherein the number of second positive ports P2+ is the same as the number of third voltage conversion units 12. The positive terminal of the power supply unit 11 is connected to both the first positive port P1+ and the third voltage conversion unit 12, the negative terminal of the power supply unit 11 is connected to the negative port P-, and the third voltage conversion unit 12 is connected to the corresponding second positive port P2+. The third voltage conversion unit 12 is used to convert the external voltage of the external charging component into a first voltage, so that the external charging component charges the power supply unit 11.

[0057] In the application, when the vehicle is in a sleep state and the low-voltage power supply component 1 is powered down, an external charging component can be used to charge the power supply unit 11 of the low-voltage power supply component 1. Specifically, when the external charging component is a 48V battery, the power supply unit 11 can be charged directly through the first positive port P1+ and the negative port P-. If the external charging component is not a 48V battery, the external voltage needs to be converted to the first voltage so that the external charging component can charge the power supply unit 11. For example, the third voltage conversion unit 12 can be a 12V to 48V DC-DC converter. When the external charging component is a 12V battery, the power supply unit 11 can be charged through the second positive port P2+, the negative port P-, and the third voltage conversion unit 12.

[0058] In one exemplary embodiment, please refer to Figure 5The low-voltage power supply assembly 1 further includes a fourth voltage conversion unit 13, a second control unit 14, and a switching unit 15. The fourth voltage conversion unit 13 is connected to both the power supply unit 11 and the second control unit 14. The first terminal of the switching unit 15 is connected to the first positive port P1+, the second terminal of the switching unit 15 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply unit 11, and the control terminal of the switching unit 15 is connected to the second control unit 14. The fourth voltage conversion unit 13 converts the first voltage to a third voltage. When the second control unit 14 receives the third voltage, it controls the switching unit 15 to turn on, so that the power supply unit 11 outputs the first voltage through the first positive port P1+ and the negative port P-.

[0059] The low-voltage power supply assembly in this application includes a fourth voltage conversion unit 13, a second control unit 14, and a switching unit 15. The fourth voltage conversion unit 13 is connected to the power supply unit 11 to convert a first voltage into a third voltage and provide the third voltage to the second control unit 14. When the second control unit 14 receives the third voltage, it controls the switching unit 15 to conduct, allowing the power supply unit 11 to output the first voltage through the first positive port P1+ and the negative port P-. In one example, the switching unit can be a transistor or a switch.

[0060] In an exemplary embodiment, the low-voltage power supply assembly 1 further includes a sampling unit 16 and a protection unit 17. The sampling unit 16 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply unit 11, the negative terminal of the power supply unit 11, and a second control unit 14, respectively. The second control unit 14 is also used to acquire the sampling electrical signal from the sampling unit 16, and to control the switch unit 15 to turn off in the event of an abnormal sampling electrical signal. The first terminal of the protection unit 17 is connected to the first positive terminal and the third voltage conversion unit 2, and the second terminal of the protection unit 17 is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply unit 11. The protection unit 17 is used to protect the power supply unit 11.

[0061] In this embodiment, when the power supply unit 11 is in a charging state, the second control unit 14 controls the switch unit 15 to open, and the external charging current enters the power supply unit 11 through the protection unit 17. When the power supply unit 11 is in a discharging state, the second control unit 14 controls the switch unit 15 to open. When the power supply unit 11 is discharging, the second control unit 14 acquires the sampling electrical signal from the sampling unit. The sampling electrical signal can be a sampling voltage or a sampling current. The second control unit 14 can detect whether the sampling electrical signal is normal. If the sampling electrical signal is abnormal, the second control unit 14 can control the switch unit 15 to close.

[0062] In one exemplary embodiment, this application also provides a vehicle that includes the 48V electrical system of any of the above embodiments.

[0063] In one exemplary embodiment, the vehicle further includes a high-voltage power supply component 4 and a conversion component 5. The high-voltage power supply component 4 outputs a fourth voltage, which is greater than a first voltage. The conversion component 5 is connected to both the high-voltage power supply component 4 and the low-voltage power supply component 1, and converts the fourth voltage into the first voltage so that the high-voltage power supply component can charge the low-voltage power supply component 1. The high-voltage power supply component 4 can be a 400V or 800V high-voltage battery pack, and correspondingly, the conversion component 5 can be a 400V to 48V DC-DC converter or an 800V to 48V DC-DC converter.

[0064] In a detailed embodiment, the vehicle of this application can be a 400V or 800V high-voltage electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle. Specifically, the 400V or 800V high-voltage power supply component 4 is converted to a 400V or 800V to 48V DC-DC output, which is then connected to the 48V low-voltage power supply component 1. There is only one 48V low-voltage power supply component in the entire vehicle. The 48V low-voltage power supply component 1 adopts a self-wake-up and self-powering scheme, eliminating the need for an external 12V battery to excite the 48V low-voltage power supply component 1 to operate. For the primary power distribution loads in the vehicle, a power distribution box or intelligent power distribution box is used for 48V power supply. The primary power distribution loads are mainly high-current loads such as EPS, IBC, and fans, and the rated voltage of the primary power distribution loads is 48V. For secondary power distribution loads, a domain control component is used for distribution. The secondary power distribution loads can include 48V low-current loads and 12V low-current loads. The domain control component has a built-in 48V to 12V DC-DC converter to achieve 48V to 12V output to power the 12V low-current loads. In order to solve the problem that the 48V to 12V DC-DC converter can still supply power to components with memory and wake-up requirements after sleep mode, the domain control component is equipped with a first voltage conversion unit and a second voltage conversion unit. When the vehicle current exceeds the output capacity of the second voltage conversion unit or the vehicle is woken up, the first voltage conversion unit is activated. The first voltage conversion unit and the second voltage conversion unit jointly output current to meet the requirements of secondary power grid connection and distribution, seamlessly connect, minimize the vehicle's static current, and meet the vehicle's requirements. On the one hand, the vehicle architecture proposed in this application can solve the problem of achieving a hybrid coexistence of 48V and 12V power supplies. On the other hand, the vehicle architecture proposed in this application clarifies the sequence from high-voltage power supply components, low-voltage power supply components to primary power distribution and then to secondary power distribution, and defines the roles of each level of components. According to the implementation scheme of the architecture of this invention, the 48V load and 48V low-voltage power supply components can be successfully installed and implemented.

[0065] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "some embodiments," "other embodiments," and "ideal embodiments" indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples.

[0066] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0067] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A 48V power system, characterized in that, The system includes a low-voltage power supply component, a low-voltage power consumption component, and at least one domain control component; wherein... The low-voltage electrical component includes multiple first loads and multiple second loads, wherein the rated voltage of the first loads is higher than the rated voltage of the second loads; The low-voltage power supply component is connected to at least a portion of the first load and the domain control component respectively, and is used to directly provide a first voltage to the corresponding first load; The domain control component is connected to the low-voltage power supply component, at least a portion of the first load, and at least a portion of the second load, respectively, and is used to control the low-voltage power supply component to provide a first voltage to the first load corresponding to the domain control component, and to convert the first voltage to a second voltage to provide a second voltage to the corresponding second load, wherein the first voltage is greater than the second voltage; The low-voltage power supply component has a negative terminal, a first positive terminal, and at least one second positive terminal; the low-voltage power supply component includes a power supply unit and at least one third voltage conversion unit, wherein the number of second positive terminals is the same as the number of third voltage conversion units; The positive terminal of the power supply unit is connected to the first positive terminal port and the third voltage conversion unit, respectively; the negative terminal of the power supply unit is connected to the negative terminal port; and the third voltage conversion unit is connected to the corresponding second positive terminal port. The third voltage conversion unit is used to convert the external voltage of the external charging component into the first voltage so that the external charging component can charge the power supply unit. The low-voltage power supply component further includes: a fourth voltage conversion unit, a second control unit, and a switching unit, wherein... The fourth voltage conversion unit is connected to the power supply unit and the second control unit respectively. The first terminal of the switching unit is connected to the first positive port, the second terminal of the switching unit is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply unit, and the control terminal of the switching unit is connected to the second control unit. The fourth voltage conversion unit is used to convert the first voltage into a third voltage. When the second control unit receives the third voltage, the second control unit controls the switching unit to turn on so that the power supply unit outputs the first voltage through the first positive port and the negative port.

2. The 48V power system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The domain control component includes: At least one voltage conversion unit is connected to the low-voltage power supply component and the corresponding second load, respectively, for converting the first voltage into the second voltage and supplying power to the corresponding second load; The first control unit is connected to the low-voltage power supply component and the voltage conversion unit respectively, and is used to control the low-voltage power supply component to provide a first voltage to the first load corresponding to the domain control component, and to control the voltage conversion unit to provide a second voltage to the corresponding second load.

3. The 48V power system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The at least one voltage conversion unit includes: The first voltage conversion unit is connected to the low-voltage power supply component, the corresponding second load and the control unit respectively, and is used to convert the first voltage into the second voltage and supply power to the corresponding second load under the control of the first control unit. The second voltage conversion unit is connected to the low-voltage power supply component, the corresponding second load and the control unit respectively, and is used to convert the first voltage into the second voltage to supply power to the first control unit and supply power to the corresponding second load under the control of the first control unit. The domain control component further includes a one-way conduction unit, the input of which is connected to a second voltage conversion unit, and the output of which is connected to a first voltage conversion unit. The one-way conduction unit is used to prevent the first voltage conversion unit from supplying power to the control unit.

4. The 48V power system according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the second load is in normal working condition, the first control unit controls the first voltage conversion unit and the second voltage conversion unit to supply power to the second load simultaneously.

5. The 48V power system according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the second load is in a dormant state, the first control unit controls the second voltage conversion unit to supply power to the second load.

6. The 48V power system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low-voltage power supply component further includes a sampling unit, which is connected to the positive terminal of the power supply unit, the negative terminal of the power supply unit, and the second control unit. The second control unit is also used to acquire the sampling electrical signal of the sampling unit and control the switching unit to turn off when the sampling electrical signal is abnormal.

7. The 48V power system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low-voltage power supply component also includes: The protection unit has a first end connected to the first positive port and the third voltage conversion unit, and a second end connected to the positive terminal of the power supply unit. The protection unit is used to protect the power supply unit.

8. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes the 48V electrical power system as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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