Reservoir sediment environment-friendly anti-freezing unfired floor tile and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an environment-friendly anti-freezing baking-free floor tile prepared from reservoir bottom mud and a preparation method of the environment-friendly anti-freezing baking-free floor tile. The environment-friendly anti-freezing baking-free floor tile is prepared from the following raw material components: reservoir dehydrated bottom mud, cement, stones, sand, an anti-freezing agent, a water reducing agent, a sterilizing agent and water. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the raw material components, putting the mixture into a forming mold, vibrating and flattening, pressurizing to obtain a green brick body, drying in the shade and curing to obtain the environment-friendly anti-freezing unfired floor tile for the reservoir bottom mud. The preparation method is convenient to operate, and the produced baking-free brick is environment-friendly, energy-saving, anti-freezing, environment-friendly, capable of utilizing the reservoir bottom mud to the maximum extent, free of roasting, capable of reducing air pollution and high in popularization value, and has high compressive strength.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of floor tiles, and in particular to an environmentally friendly, antifreeze and unfired floor tile for reservoir bottom mud and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The construction of water source reservoirs is one of the important means to ensure the safety of water supply. According to statistics, there are more than 98,000 reservoirs of various types in China, with a total storage capacity of 890 billion cubic meters. However, siltation is prone to occur during the operation of reservoirs. The large amount of sedimentation in the reservoir will reduce the effective volume of the reservoir and its service life, and will also damage its irrigation, flood control, power generation and other functions. Therefore, reservoir dredging has become an important measure to improve the water quality of the reservoir and extend the life of the reservoir. However, a large amount of sediment carrying nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients, pathogens, heavy metals and other pollutants will be produced during the dredging of the reservoir. Reasonable and resourceful utilization and disposal of reservoir sediments, reducing the migration and release of pollutants in reservoir sediments into the water body has become the key to water purification, and can also significantly reduce the safety risks of water source reservoirs.

[0003] At present, the commonly used methods in the process of sludge disposal include sanitary landfill, land utilization, and resource utilization of building materials. With the increasing shortage of building materials and the country's guidance on the collection of natural materials, sludge unfired bricks have become an important way to make building materials from sludge. As we all know, unfired bricks have the advantages of low energy consumption, simple production conditions, and a wide range of applications during the production process, but they also have problems such as low strength, poor stability, many external auxiliary materials, and the inability to mass produce products that affect subsequent marketization. How to prepare high-performance unfired bricks using reservoir sludge as the main raw material (with an addition amount of more than 30%) has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art mentioned above, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a reservoir sludge environmentally friendly antifreeze unfired floor tile and a preparation method thereof, which is used to solve the problems of low strength, poor stability, large number of external additives and inability to mass produce of unfired bricks in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose and other related purposes, the present invention provides a reservoir sludge environmentally friendly antifreeze unfired floor tile, which includes raw materials, by weight: 20 to 40 parts of reservoir dehydrated sludge, 20 to 40 parts of cement, 10 to 20 parts of gravel, 1 to 10 parts of sand, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of water reducer, 0.01 to 0.25 parts of antifreeze, 0.01 to 0.08 parts of fungicide and 6 to 15 parts of water.

[0006] Preferably, the water reducer is a polycarboxylate water reducer.

[0007] Preferably, the antifreeze agent is a chloride salt antifreeze agent.

[0008] Preferably, the bactericide is calcium hydroxide.

[0009] Preferably, the particle size of the stones is 8 to 15 mm.

[0010] Preferably, the particle size of the sand is ≤5 mm.

[0011] Preferably, the water content of the dewatered sludge in the reservoir is 30-40%.

[0012] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the reservoir sludge environmentally friendly antifreeze unfired floor tiles as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0013] (1) dewatering, airing, ball milling, and screening the reservoir sludge to obtain dewatered reservoir sludge;

[0014] (2) Mixing dewatered reservoir sludge, cement, gravel, sand, water reducing agent, antifreeze agent, and fungicide, adding water and stirring evenly to obtain a mixed material;

[0015] (3) placing the mixed material in a forming mold, vibrating and leveling it, and pressurizing it to form a brick body, and then drying and curing it in the air to obtain the reservoir bottom mud environmentally friendly antifreeze and unfired floor tiles.

[0016] Preferably, the dehydration and drying steps in step (1) include: first filtering with a filter press, then placing the dehydrated sludge in the sun for natural drying, stirring it twice a day, and obtaining a dehydrated sludge with a moisture content of 30-40%.

[0017] Preferably, the screening in step (1) is performed using a 40-100 mesh sieve.

[0018] Preferably, the pressurization pressure in step (3) is 10 to 15 MPa.

[0019] Preferably, the pressurization time in step (3) is 2 to 10 minutes.

[0020] Preferably, the time for the shade drying and curing in step (3) is 8 to 20 days.

[0021] As described above, the reservoir sludge environmentally friendly antifreeze unfired floor tiles and the preparation method thereof of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The reservoir sludge environmentally friendly antifreeze and unfired floor tiles of the present invention use reservoir dehydrated sludge as the main material, which to a certain extent solves the problem of low sludge usage in the prior art. No high-temperature calcination is required during the preparation process, and the energy consumption is low, which solves the problem of large-scale electricity or fuel consumption in the traditional floor tile production process. At the same time, the produced floor tiles have strong compressive strength, antifreeze and environmental protection indicators, and meet the performance of the brick body.

[0023] The reservoir sludge environmentally friendly, frost-resistant and unfired floor tiles of the present invention are guided by the demand for in-situ resource utilization, and the dewatered reservoir sludge is reused for road restoration, greening restoration, shoreline restoration or reservoir water ecological environment construction, which not only solves the problem of the disposal of the reservoir dewatered sludge environmentally friendly, frost-resistant and unfired floor tiles, but also realizes the rapid disposal and utilization of the reservoir dewatered sludge, and complies with the concepts of "respecting nature, restoring nature" and "taking from the reservoir and reusing it in the reservoir". BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a morphological picture of the environmentally friendly, antifreeze and unfired floor tiles made from reservoir sediment prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a morphological picture of the environmentally friendly, antifreeze and unfired floor tiles made from reservoir sediment prepared in Example 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0027] When a numerical range is disclosed herein, the above range is deemed to be continuous and includes the minimum and maximum values ​​of the range, as well as every value between such minimum and maximum values. Further, when a range refers to an integer, every integer between the minimum and maximum values ​​of the range is included. In addition, when multiple ranges are provided to describe features or characteristics, the ranges can be merged. In other words, unless otherwise indicated, all ranges disclosed herein should be understood to include any and all sub-ranges included therein. For example, a specified range from "1 to 10" should be deemed to include any and all sub-ranges between a minimum of 1 and a maximum of 10. Exemplary sub-ranges of ranges 1 to 10 include, but are not limited to, 1 to 6.1, 3.5 to 7.8, 5.5 to 10, and the like.

[0028] Furthermore, it should be understood that one or more method steps mentioned in the present invention do not exclude the possibility that other method steps may exist before or after the combined steps or that other method steps may be inserted between these explicitly mentioned steps, unless otherwise stated.

[0029] The first aspect of the present invention provides a reservoir sludge environmentally friendly antifreeze unfired floor tile, comprising raw materials: 20 to 40 parts of reservoir dehydrated sludge, 20 to 40 parts of cement, 10 to 20 parts of gravel, 1 to 10 parts of sand, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of water reducer, 0.01 to 0.25 parts of antifreeze, 0.01 to 0.08 parts of bactericide and 6 to 15 parts of water.

[0030] Among them, the dewatered sludge from the reservoir has a unique composition and structure (containing a certain amount of shells). After being crushed, on the one hand, it can significantly increase the pH value to create an alkaline environment inside the brick body, thereby promoting the formation of cementitious substances. On the other hand, the activity and curing effect of the crushed shells are enhanced, which can stimulate the volcanic ash reaction and generate cementitious products to enhance the curing effect of the brick body. Therefore, when the addition amount of dewatered sludge from the reservoir is 20 to 40 parts, the unfired bricks prepared have higher compressive strength and flexural strength, and have a better freeze-thaw strength loss rate.

[0031] The dewatered sludge of the reservoir is 20-22 parts, 22-24 parts, 24-26 parts, 26-28 parts, 28-30 parts, 30-32 parts, 32-34 parts, 34-35 parts, 35-36 parts, 36-38 parts or 38-40 parts. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dewatered sludge of the reservoir is 30-35 parts.

[0032] The cement is 20-22 parts, 22-24 parts, 24-26 parts, 26-28 parts, 28-30 parts, 30-32 parts, 32-34 parts, 34-36 parts, 36-38 parts or 38-40 parts. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cement is 20-30 parts.

[0033] The amount of stones is 1 to 2 parts, 2 to 4 parts, 4 to 6 parts, 6 to 8 parts, 8 to 10 parts, 10 to 12 parts, 12 to 14 parts, 14 to 15 parts, 15 to 16 parts, 16 to 18 parts or 18 to 20 parts. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the amount of stones is 15 to 20 parts.

[0034] The amount of sand is 1 to 2 parts, 2 to 4 parts, 4 to 5 parts, 5 to 6 parts, 6 to 8 parts or 8 to 10 parts. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the amount of sand is 5 to 8 parts.

[0035] The water reducing agent is 0.5-0.8 parts of water reducing agent, 0.8-1.0 parts of water reducing agent, 1.0-1.2 parts of water reducing agent, 1.2-1.4 parts of water reducing agent or 1.4-1.5 parts of water reducing agent. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water reducing agent is 0.8-1.2 parts.

[0036] The antifreeze agent is 0.01 to 0.03 parts, 0.03 to 0.05 parts, 0.05 to 0.08 parts, 0.08 to 0.10 parts, 0.10 to 0.15 parts, 0.15 to 0.20 parts or 0.20 to 0.25 parts. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the antifreeze agent is 0.05 to 0.10 parts.

[0037] The amount of the bactericide is 0.01 to 0.02 parts, 0.02 to 0.03 parts, 0.03 to 0.04 parts, 0.04 to 0.05 parts, 0.05 to 0.06 parts, 0.06 to 0.07 parts or 0.07 to 0.08 parts. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the amount of the bactericide is 0.05 to 0.08 parts.

[0038] The amount of water is 6 to 7 parts, 7 to 8 parts, 8 to 9 parts, 9 to 10 parts, 10 to 11 parts, 11 to 12 parts, 12 to 13 parts, 13 to 14 parts or 14 to 15 parts.

[0039] In the reservoir sludge environmentally friendly antifreeze and unfired floor tiles of the present invention, the water reducer is a polycarboxylic acid water reducer.

[0040] In the reservoir bottom mud environment-friendly antifreeze and unfired floor tiles of the present invention, the antifreeze agent is a chloride salt antifreeze agent.

[0041] In the reservoir sludge environmentally friendly antifreeze unfired floor tiles of the present invention, the particle size of the stone is 8 to 15 mm. For example, 8 to 9 mm, 9 to 10 mm, 10 to 11 mm, 11 to 12 mm, 12 to 13 mm, 13 to 14 mm or 14 to 15 mm. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the stone is 9 to 12 mm.

[0042] In the reservoir sludge environmentally friendly antifreeze unfired floor tiles of the present invention, the particle size of the sand is ≤5mm. For example, ≤0.1mm, 0.1-0.3mm, 0.3-0.5mm, 0.5-0.8mm, 0.8-1.0mm, 1.0-1.5mm, 1.5-2.0mm, 2.0-2.5mm, 2.5-3.0mm, 3.0-3.5mm, 3.5-4.0mm, 4.0-4.5mm or 4.5-5.0mm. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the sand is 0.3-1mm.

[0043] In the environmentally friendly antifreeze and fire-free floor tiles of the reservoir sludge of the present invention, the water content of the dehydrated reservoir sludge is 30-40%. For example, it is 30-32%, 32-34%, 34-35%, 35-36%, 36-38% or 38-40%. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water content of the dehydrated reservoir sludge is 35%.

[0044] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the reservoir sludge environmentally friendly antifreeze unfired floor tiles as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0045] (1) dewatering, airing, ball milling, and screening the reservoir sludge to obtain dewatered reservoir sludge;

[0046] (2) Mixing dewatered reservoir sludge, cement, gravel, sand, water reducing agent, antifreeze agent, and fungicide, adding water and stirring evenly to obtain a mixed material;

[0047] (3) placing the mixed material in a forming mold, vibrating and leveling it, and pressurizing it to form a brick body, and then drying and curing it in the air to obtain the reservoir bottom mud environmentally friendly antifreeze and unfired floor tiles.

[0048] In the preparation method of the present invention, the dehydration and drying steps in step (1) include: first filtering with a filter press, then placing the dehydrated sludge in the sun for natural drying, stirring twice a day, and obtaining a dehydrated sludge with a moisture content of 30-40%.

[0049] The drying time is 1 to 3 days. For example, 1 to 2 days or 2 to 3 days. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drying time is 2 days. The drying process can also achieve the purpose of natural deodorization.

[0050] In the preparation method of the present invention, the sieving in step (1) is performed using a 40-100 mesh screen. For example, the screen used is 40-50 mesh, 50-60 mesh, 60-70 mesh, 70-80 mesh, 80-90 mesh or 90-100 mesh. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the screen used for sieving is 50-80 mesh.

[0051] In the preparation method of the present invention, the pressure of the pressurization in step (3) is 10 to 15 MPa. For example, it is 10 to 11 MPa, 11 to 12 MPa, 12 to 13 MPa, 13 to 14 MPa or 14 to 15 MPa. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pressure of the pressurization in step (3) is 12 to 15 MPa.

[0052] In the preparation method of the present invention, the pressurization time in step (3) is 2 to 10 minutes. For example, it is 2 to 3 minutes, 3 to 4 minutes, 4 to 5 minutes, 5 to 6 minutes, 6 to 7 minutes, 7 to 8 minutes, 8 to 9 minutes or 9 to 10 minutes. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pressurization time in step (3) is 5 to 8 minutes.

[0053] In the preparation method of the present invention, the time of the shade drying curing in step (3) is 8 to 20 days. For example, it is 8 to 10 days, 10 to 12 days, 12 to 14 days, 14 to 16 days, 16 to 18 days or 18 to 20 days. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the time of the shade drying curing in step (3) is 10 to 16 days. The curing can also be carried out by warm water curing.

[0054] If no specific experimental steps or conditions are specified in the following examples, the conventional experimental steps or conditions described in the literature in the field can be used. If no manufacturer is specified for the reagents or instruments used, they are all conventional reagent products that can be purchased commercially.

[0055] The cement used in the embodiments of the present invention is PI 42.5 standard silicate cement purchased from Shandong Shanshui Cement Group Co., Ltd.

[0056] The sand used in the embodiments of the present invention is river sand purchased from a building materials market.

[0057] The water reducing agent used in the embodiments of the present invention was purchased from Hefeiheng (Shandong) Chemical Co., Ltd., and the antifreeze agent was purchased from Shandong Shangshan Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0058] Example 1

[0059] Preparation of environmentally friendly antifreeze and unfired floor tiles made of reservoir sediment:

[0060] (1) The bottom mud in the reservoir dredging project is transported by slurry, dehydrated and aired by water dredging to form reservoir dehydrated bottom mud; the water content of the dehydrated bottom mud is 35%; the dehydrated bottom mud is ball-milled and then sieved with a 60-mesh sieve to obtain the reservoir dehydrated bottom mud.

[0061] (2) 38.5 kg of the dehydrated reservoir sludge obtained in step (1), 35 kg of cement, 20 kg of gravel (particle size 10 mm), 5 kg of river sand (particle size 0.3 mm), 1 kg of polycarboxylic acid water reducer, 0.1 kg of chloride antifreeze agent, 0.05 kg of calcium hydroxide and 8 kg of water were fully mixed to obtain a mixture, and the mixture was cast into a brick mold, and after being vibrated and leveled, a static pressure of 15 MPa was applied for 5 min, and then demolded to obtain a rough blank of dehydrated reservoir sludge unfired floor tile, and then naturally dried and cured at 25° C. for 14 days to obtain an environmentally friendly antifreeze unfired floor tile prepared from reservoir sludge (the morphology is as shown in the attached figure). Figure 1 shown).

[0062] The performance of the unfired bricks made from dredged and dewatered sludge was tested with reference to the methods in "Ordinary Concrete Small Blocks" (GB / T8239-2014) and "Non-fired Ordinary Clay Bricks" (JC-T422-199196). The compressive strength was 11.7MPa, the flexural strength was 2.3MPa, and the loss rate of 25 freeze-thaw resistance strength was 5%. The unfired bricks made from reservoir sludge met the standards of "Ordinary Concrete Small Blocks" (GB / T8239-2014) MU10 and "Non-fired Ordinary Clay Bricks" (JC-T422-1996) grade 10 bricks.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] Preparation of environmentally friendly antifreeze and unfired floor tiles made of reservoir sediment:

[0065] (1) The bottom mud in the reservoir dredging project is transported by slurry, dehydrated and aired by water dredging to form reservoir dehydrated bottom mud; the water content of the dehydrated bottom mud is 30%; the dehydrated bottom mud is ball-milled and then sieved with a 50-mesh sieve to obtain the reservoir dehydrated bottom mud.

[0066] (2) 30 kg of the dehydrated sludge obtained in step (1), 40 kg of cement, 20 kg of gravel (particle size 10 mm), 6.5 kg of river sand (particle size 0.3 mm), 1 kg of polycarboxylic acid water reducer, 0.1 kg of chloride antifreeze agent, 0.05 kg of calcium hydroxide and 8 kg of water were fully mixed to obtain a mixture, and the mixture was cast into a brick mold, and after being vibrated and leveled, a static pressure of 15 MPa was applied for 5 min, and then demolded to obtain a rough blank of dehydrated reservoir sludge unfired floor tile, and then naturally dried and cured at 25° C. for 14 days to obtain an environmentally friendly antifreeze unfired floor tile prepared from reservoir sludge (the morphology is as shown in the attached figure). Figure 2 shown).

[0067] The performance of the unfired bricks made from dredged and dewatered sludge was tested with reference to the methods in "Ordinary Concrete Small Blocks" (GB / T8239-2014) and "Non-fired Ordinary Clay Bricks" (JC-T422-199196). The compressive strength was 15.5MPa, the flexural strength was 3.6MPa, and the loss rate of 25 freeze-thaw resistance strength was 3%. The unfired bricks made from reservoir sludge met the standards of "Ordinary Concrete Small Blocks" (GB / T8239-2014) MU15 and "Non-fired Ordinary Clay Bricks" (JC-T422-1996) grade 15 bricks.

[0068] Example 3

[0069] Preparation of environmentally friendly antifreeze and unfired floor tiles made of reservoir sediment:

[0070] (1) The bottom mud in the reservoir dredging project is transported by slurry, dehydrated and aired by water dredging to form reservoir dehydrated bottom mud; the water content of the dehydrated bottom mud is 35%; the dehydrated bottom mud is ball-milled and then sieved with a 60-mesh sieve to obtain the reservoir dehydrated bottom mud.

[0071] (2) 38.5 kg of the dehydrated reservoir sludge obtained in step (1), 35 kg of cement, 20 kg of gravel (particle size 10 mm), 5 kg of river sand (particle size 0.3 mm), 1.2 kg of polycarboxylic acid water reducer, 0.1 kg of chloride antifreeze agent, 0.05 kg of calcium hydroxide and 8 kg of water are fully mixed to obtain a mixture, and the mixture is cast into a brick mold, and after being vibrated and leveled, a static pressure of 15 MPa is applied for 5 min, and then demolded to obtain a rough blank of dehydrated reservoir sludge unfired floor tile, and then naturally dried and cured at 25° C. for 14 days to obtain environmentally friendly antifreeze unfired floor tiles prepared from reservoir sludge.

[0072] The performance of the unfired bricks made from dredged and dewatered sludge was tested with reference to the methods in "Ordinary Concrete Small Blocks" (GB / T8239-2014) and "Non-fired Ordinary Clay Bricks" (JC-T422-199196). The compressive strength was 12.2MPa, the flexural strength was 2.6MPa, and the loss rate of 25 freeze-thaw resistance strength was 4%. The unfired bricks made from the reservoir sludge met the standards of "Ordinary Concrete Small Blocks" (GB / T8239-2014) MU10 and "Non-fired Ordinary Clay Bricks" (JC-T422-1996) grade 10 bricks.

[0073] Example 4

[0074] Preparation of environmentally friendly antifreeze and unfired floor tiles made of reservoir sediment:

[0075] (1) The bottom mud in the reservoir dredging project is transported by slurry, dehydrated and aired by water dredging to form reservoir dehydrated bottom mud; the water content of the dehydrated bottom mud is 35%; the dehydrated bottom mud is ball-milled and then sieved with a 60-mesh sieve to obtain the reservoir dehydrated bottom mud.

[0076] (2) 20 kg of the dehydrated reservoir sludge obtained in step (1), 20 kg of cement, 10 kg of gravel (particle size 10 mm), 5 kg of river sand (particle size 0.3 mm), 1 kg of polycarboxylic acid water reducer, 0.1 kg of chloride antifreeze agent, 0.05 kg of calcium hydroxide and 8 kg of water are fully mixed to obtain a mixture, the mixture is cast into a brick mold, and after being vibrated and leveled, a static pressure of 15 MPa is applied for 5 min, and then demolding is performed to obtain a rough blank of dehydrated reservoir sludge unfired floor tile, and then naturally dried and cured at 25° C. for 14 days to obtain environmentally friendly antifreeze unfired floor tiles prepared from reservoir sludge.

[0077] The performance of the unfired bricks made from dredged and dewatered sludge was tested with reference to the methods in "Ordinary Concrete Small Blocks" (GB / T8239-2014) and "Non-fired Ordinary Clay Bricks" (JC-T422-199196). The compressive strength was 14.7MPa, the flexural strength was 3.2MPa, and the loss rate of 25 freeze-thaw resistance strength was 4%. The unfired bricks made from reservoir sludge met the standards of "Ordinary Concrete Small Blocks" (GB / T8239-2014) MU10 and "Non-fired Ordinary Clay Bricks" (JC-T422-1996) grade 10 bricks.

[0078] Comparative Example 1

[0079] Preparation of environmentally friendly antifreeze and unfired floor tiles made of reservoir sediment:

[0080] (1) The bottom mud in the reservoir dredging project is transported by slurry, dehydrated and aired by water dredging to form reservoir dehydrated bottom mud; the water content of the dehydrated bottom mud is 35%; the dehydrated bottom mud is ball-milled and then sieved with a 60-mesh sieve to obtain the reservoir dehydrated bottom mud.

[0081] (2) 38.5 kg of the dehydrated reservoir sludge obtained in step (1), 35 kg of cement, 20 kg of gravel (particle size 10 mm), 5 kg of river sand (particle size 0.3 mm), 0.1 kg of chloride antifreeze agent, 0.05 kg of calcium hydroxide and 8 kg of water are fully mixed to obtain a mixture, and the mixture is cast into a brick mold, and after being vibrated and leveled, a static pressure of 15 MPa is applied for 5 min, and then demolded to obtain a rough blank of dehydrated reservoir sludge unfired floor tile, and then naturally dried and cured at 25° C. for 14 days to obtain environmentally friendly antifreeze unfired floor tiles prepared from reservoir sludge.

[0082] The performance of the unfired bricks made from dredged and dewatered sludge was tested with reference to the methods in "Ordinary Concrete Small Blocks" (GB / T8239-2014) and "Non-fired Ordinary Clay Bricks" (JC-T422-199196). The compressive strength was 8.6MPa, the flexural strength was 1.6MPa, and the loss rate of 25 freeze-thaw resistance strength was 5%. The unfired bricks made from reservoir sludge met the standards of "Ordinary Concrete Small Blocks" (GB / T8239-2014) MU10 and "Non-fired Ordinary Clay Bricks" (JC-T422-1996) grade 7.5 bricks.

[0083] Comparative Example 2

[0084] Preparation of environmentally friendly antifreeze and unfired floor tiles made of reservoir sediment:

[0085] (1) The bottom mud in the reservoir dredging project is transported by slurry, dehydrated and aired by water dredging to form reservoir dehydrated bottom mud; the water content of the dehydrated bottom mud is 35%; the dehydrated bottom mud is ball-milled and then sieved with a 60-mesh sieve to obtain the reservoir dehydrated bottom mud.

[0086] (2) 38.5 kg of the dehydrated reservoir sludge obtained in step 1), 35 kg of cement, 20 kg of gravel (particle size 10 mm), 5 kg of river sand (particle size 0.3 mm), 1 kg of polycarboxylic acid water reducer, 0.05 kg of calcium hydroxide and 8 kg of water are fully mixed to obtain a mixture, and the mixture is cast into a brick mold, and after being vibrated and leveled, a static pressure of 15 MPa is applied for 5 minutes, and then demolding is performed to obtain a rough blank of dehydrated reservoir sludge unfired floor tile, and then naturally dried and cured at 25°C for 14 days to obtain environmentally friendly antifreeze unfired floor tiles prepared from reservoir sludge.

[0087] The performance of the unfired bricks made from dredged and dewatered sludge was tested with reference to the methods in "Ordinary Concrete Small Blocks" (GB / T8239-2014) and "Non-fired Ordinary Clay Bricks" (JC-T422-199196). The compressive strength was 11.7MPa, the flexural strength was 2.3MPa, and the loss rate of 25 freeze-thaw resistance strength was 16%. The unfired bricks made from reservoir sludge met the standards of "Ordinary Concrete Small Blocks" (GB / T8239-2014) MU10 and "Non-fired Ordinary Clay Bricks" (JC-T422-1996) grade 10 bricks.

[0088] In summary, the reservoir sediment environmentally friendly antifreeze unfired floor tiles of the present invention use reservoir dehydrated sediment as the main raw material, which solves the problem of low sediment dosage in the prior art to a certain extent, and combines cement, gravel, sand, antifreeze agent, water reducer, fungicide and water to prepare environmentally friendly antifreeze unfired floor tiles. No high-temperature calcination is required during the preparation process, and the energy consumption is low. The problem of large-scale electricity or fuel consumption in the production process of traditional floor tiles is solved, and air pollution is reduced. The produced floor tiles have strong compressive strength, antifreeze and environmental protection indicators, and meet the performance of the brick body. Therefore, the present invention effectively overcomes the various shortcomings of the prior art and has a high industrial utilization value.

[0089] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed by the present invention shall still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reservoir sludge environmentally friendly antifreeze unfired floor tile, characterized in that: Calculated in parts by weight, the raw materials include: 20-40 parts of dehydrated reservoir sludge, 20-40 parts of cement, 10-20 parts of gravel, 1-10 parts of sand, 0.5-1.5 parts of water reducer, 0.01-0.25 parts of antifreeze, 0.01-0.08 parts of fungicide and 6-15 parts of water.

2. The environmentally friendly antifreeze and unburned floor tile of reservoir sediment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water reducer is a polycarboxylate water reducer; And / or, the antifreeze is a chloride salt antifreeze; And / or, the bactericide is calcium hydroxide.

3. The environmentally friendly antifreeze and unburned floor tile of reservoir sediment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The particle size of the stone is 8 to 15 mm; And / or, the particle size of the sand is ≤5 mm.

4. The environmentally friendly antifreeze and unburned floor tile of reservoir sediment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water content of the dewatered sludge in the reservoir is 30-40%.

5. A method for preparing environmentally friendly antifreeze and unfired floor tiles of reservoir sediment according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) dewatering, airing, ball milling, and screening the reservoir sludge to obtain dewatered reservoir sludge; (2) Mixing dewatered reservoir sludge, cement, gravel, sand, water reducing agent, antifreeze agent, and fungicide, adding water and stirring evenly to obtain a mixed material; (3) placing the mixed material in a forming mold, vibrating and leveling it, and pressurizing it to form a brick body, and then drying and curing it in the air to obtain the reservoir bottom mud environmentally friendly antifreeze and unfired floor tiles.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The dehydration and drying steps in step (1) include: first filtering with a filter press, then placing the dehydrated sludge in the sun for natural drying, stirring twice a day, and obtaining a dehydrated sludge with a moisture content of 30-40%.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The drying time is 1 to 3 days.

8. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The screening in step (1) is performed using a 40-100 mesh sieve.

9. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressurization pressure in step (3) is 10-15 MPa; And / or, the pressurization time in step (3) is 2 to 10 minutes.

10. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The time for the shade drying and curing in step (3) is 8 to 20 days.

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