Copper-iron-based brake composite material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of brake composite materials, in particular to a copper-iron-based brake composite material and a preparation method thereof.The composite material comprises, by weight, 10-60 parts of a metal base material, 1-30 parts of a lubricating material and 1-10 parts of a reinforcing material; the metal base material comprises copper powder, iron powder and aluminum powder in a mass ratio of 5: 5: 1; the lubricating material comprises one or more of graphite, molybdenum disulfide, hexagonal boron nitride and polytetrafluoroethylene; the reinforcing material comprises one or more of aluminum oxide, silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, carbon fiber and glass fiber. Grinding, stirring, drying and extrusion forming mechanisms are integrated in the same equipment, and continuous and automatic operation of material grinding, drying and purging is achieved; the technological process is simplified, the equipment occupied space and the manual operation cost are reduced, and therefore the production efficiency and economic benefits are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of brake composite materials, and in particular to a copper-iron based brake composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Copper-iron-based brake composite material is a powder metallurgy material with excellent mechanical properties and friction and wear properties. It is widely used in aircraft multi-disc brake devices, vehicle brakes and clutches, etc. This material can make up for the shortcomings of a single material to a certain extent by combining copper, iron and reinforcing materials. For example, copper provides good thermal conductivity, iron enhances the hardness and strength of the material, and the reinforcing material can further improve the wear resistance and thermal stability of the material.

[0003] In the prior art, when preparing copper-iron-based composite materials, a variety of equipment is usually required. Such methods usually require multiple steps and are cumbersome to operate. At the same time, there is discontinuity in the operation between different equipment, and materials need to be transported, stored and reprocessed between different processes, which not only increases the production cycle, but also may cause the material to be contaminated or its performance to deteriorate during transportation, thereby affecting the quality and consistency of the final product.

[0004] In summary, how to solve the problem of using multiple equipments in the prior art to prepare the composite material, which is discontinuous in operation and thus affects the quality of the final product, has become a difficult problem that needs to be solved in the art. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a copper-iron-based brake composite material and a preparation method thereof. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a copper-iron-based brake composite material and a preparation method thereof, which integrates the grinding, stirring, drying and extrusion molding mechanisms into the same device to achieve continuous and automatic operation of material grinding, drying and purging, simplify the process flow, reduce the space occupied by equipment and the manual operation cost, thereby improving production efficiency and economic benefits.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a copper-iron based brake composite material comprises the following components by weight: 10-60 parts of a metal substrate, 1-30 parts of a lubricating material and 1-10 parts of a reinforcing material.

[0007] Furthermore, the metal substrate includes copper powder, iron powder and aluminum powder in a mass ratio of 5:5:1.

[0008] Further, the lubricating material includes one or more of graphite, molybdenum disulfide, hexagonal boron nitride and polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0009] Further, the reinforcing material includes one or more of alumina, silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, carbon fiber and glass fiber.

[0010] Furthermore, a method for preparing a copper-iron-based brake composite material is applicable to any of the above copper-iron-based brake composite materials, comprising the following steps:

[0011] Step 1: Raw material pretreatment: weigh the metal substrate, lubricating material and reinforcing material in proportion and perform pretreatment operations of cleaning and impurity removal respectively;

[0012] Step 2: Grinding and drying the raw materials: placing the raw materials after cleaning and impurity removal pretreatment in a drying and extrusion device for grinding, mixing and drying operations;

[0013] Step 3, pressing and molding: After the raw materials are ground, mixed, stirred and dried, they are pressed and molded into a green body through a dry extrusion device;

[0014] Step 4: high temperature sintering: placing the pressed green body in a sintering furnace for high temperature sintering at 800-1000°C;

[0015] Step 5: Machining: The sintered material is machined according to the size and shape requirements of the finished product.

[0016] Furthermore, the drying and extruding device comprises a drying barrel with an opening, the drying barrel is semicircular and tiltedly installed, and a plurality of through holes are opened at the bottom of the drying barrel; a shell is arranged outside the drying barrel, a feeding port is opened at the top of the shell, and a plurality of support rods are fixedly connected to the bottom of the shell; a driving assembly for driving the drying barrel to rotate is arranged at the bottom of the drying barrel;

[0017] The driving assembly includes a driving motor, which is electrically connected to a controller, and the controller is used to control the opening and closing of the driving motor; the driving motor is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer shell, and the output shaft of the driving motor passes through the bottom of the outer shell and extends to the inside of the outer shell and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the drying barrel; a plurality of heating plates are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drying barrel along its circumference, and the controller is used to control the opening and closing of the heating plates; a gauze is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drying barrel for preventing materials from falling, and the gauze is located above the heating plate; a grinding assembly for grinding materials is provided on the top of the drying barrel.

[0018] Furthermore, the grinding assembly includes a grinding rod, a sleeve rod is sleeved on the outer wall of the middle part of the grinding rod; a connecting plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell, and the outer side of the sleeve rod and the connecting plate are hinged to each other; grinding wheels are rotatably matched at both ends of the grinding rod;

[0019] The top of the drying barrel is connected to a grinding part, which is arranged in a ring shape. A lateral opening is opened on the side of the grinding part for the movement of the grinding rod. A sealing layer for shielding materials is fixedly connected to the lateral opening, and the sealing layer is located at the bottom of the grinding rod; the grinding wheels are all located in the grinding part and are all rotatably matched with the grinding part; a grinding opening is opened on the top of the grinding part, and a screen is fixedly connected to the bottom of the grinding part; a stirring component for stirring materials is provided inside the drying barrel.

[0020] Furthermore, the stirring assembly includes a stirring shaft, which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sleeve rod; a plurality of stirring blades are fixedly connected to the stirring shaft, and the stirring blades are all located inside the drying barrel; and an air pump assembly for conveying gas is provided above the grinding rod.

[0021] Furthermore, the air pump assembly includes a delivery part, a piston rod and a hinged rod, wherein the delivery part is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing; the piston rod is located in the delivery part, and both ends of the piston rod are fixedly connected to rubber pistons, and the rubber pistons are slidably matched with the inner wall of the delivery part;

[0022] The bottoms of both ends of the conveying part are connected with conveying pipes, and the end of the conveying pipe away from the conveying part extends to the bottom of the drying barrel, and the outer side wall of the bottom of the conveying pipe is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes; the piston rod is hinged to the top of the hinged rod, and the outer side wall in the length direction of the conveying part is provided with a conveying port for the hinged rod to move; the end of the hinged rod away from the piston rod is fixedly connected to the hinge of the sleeve rod and the connecting plate adjacent to it.

[0023] Furthermore, the extrusion assembly includes an extrusion rod, an extrusion groove for sliding the extrusion rod is provided at the bottom of the shell, and a material leakage port connected to the bottom of the drying barrel is provided at the top of the extrusion groove; a one-way valve is provided at the material leakage port, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drying barrel, and the controller is used to control the operation of the heating plate and the one-way valve respectively according to the information of the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor in the drying barrel;

[0024] The output shaft of the driving motor is coaxially fixedly connected with a symmetrical gear near the bottom of the drying barrel, and the symmetrical gear is symmetrically installed with a plurality of convex teeth; the symmetrical gear is meshed with an incomplete gear, and both the symmetrical gear and the incomplete gear are meshed with a rack, and the rack is fixedly connected to the outside of the extrusion rod; an extrusion plate is fixedly connected to the side of the extrusion groove away from the symmetrical gear, and the extrusion plate is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the shell.

[0025] The above scheme has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. Through the reasonable ratio of metal substrate and the addition of reinforcing materials, the composite material has higher strength and hardness, which can meet the requirements of the braking system for the mechanical properties of the material. Through cleaning and impurity removal pretreatment operations, impurities in the raw materials can be removed and the purity of the raw materials can be improved, thereby ensuring the performance of the final material. Grinding, mixing and drying the pretreated raw materials can ensure that the components are fully mixed and evenly mixed, while removing moisture from the raw materials to avoid pores or defects in subsequent processes. Pressing and molding through a dry extrusion device can effectively increase the density of the material, reduce voids, and improve the density of the material. A strong metallurgical bond is formed between the components of the material, further improving the strength and wear resistance of the material. The preparation method of this scheme reduces the transfer of intermediate links and improves production efficiency through an integrated process flow.

[0027] 2. This solution utilizes the linkage design of the tilted semicircular drying barrel and the grinding part. The rotation of the drying barrel drives the grinding wheel and the grinding rod for dynamic grinding. Compared with static grinding, this dynamic grinding method can promote full contact and shearing between materials, thereby achieving finer particle refinement. Fine grinding helps to improve the density and mechanical properties of composite materials. The bottom of the lateral port opened on the side of the grinding part is sealed with a sealing layer to ensure that the material will not overflow from the lateral port and fall into the drying barrel during the grinding process. At the same time, the design of the screen allows only materials with a particle size smaller than the screen aperture to pass through, further ensuring the quality of the ground product. The finely ground material can fall directly into the drying barrel, which is convenient for subsequent processing. This design makes the entire preparation process smoother, reduces manual intervention, and improves the degree of automation in production.

[0028] 3. This solution uses the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the drying barrel to make the material fully contact with the heating plate, which can effectively evaporate the moisture in the material and achieve rapid drying. Compared with traditional natural drying, this drying method has higher efficiency. The through holes opened at the bottom of the drying barrel and the gauze design fixed on the inner wall ensure that the fine particles after grinding will not be thrown out to the outside of the drying barrel, and only the water will be evaporated and thrown out. This not only reduces the waste of materials, but also ensures the integrity of the materials during the drying process, which is conducive to the subsequent processing procedures.

[0029] The up and down movement of the stirring blades combined with the revolution of the drying barrel achieves all-round stirring and mixing of the materials. This stirring and mixing effect allows the materials to be dried more evenly during the drying process, reduces the phenomenon of local uneven drying, and improves the drying effect. Through the dual effects of drying and stirring and mixing, the moisture in the materials can be fully removed, and the mixing between the components is more uniform. This helps to improve the density, mechanical properties and friction and wear properties of the composite material, providing a strong guarantee for the preparation of high-quality copper-iron-based brake composite materials.

[0030] 4. This solution drives the rubber piston to slide in the conveying part through the lateral reciprocating motion of the piston rod, and further sucks and delivers gas on both sides of the drying barrel through the conveying pipe to purge the material. The airflow generated during the purge can make the material flow irregularly around the inside of the drying barrel, so that the material is in full contact with the heating plate, thereby further evaporating the material. In addition, the suction and delivery of air can change the pressure of the gas on both sides of the drying barrel, thereby accelerating the circulation of the gas. This gas acceleration effect can more deeply remove the residual moisture in the material, especially the fine moisture attached to the surface of the particles, thereby improving the drying effect. The dual effects of stirring and mixing and gas purging make the material not only affected by mechanical stirring during the drying process, but also impacted and disturbed by the airflow. This multi-dimensional mixing method helps to more fully mix the various components of the material and improve the uniformity of the material.

[0031] The sealing layer at the bottom of the grinding rod and the mesh design on the inner wall of the drying barrel effectively prevent the material from being carried out of the drying barrel by the airflow during the purge process. This not only ensures the integrity of the material, but also reduces the loss of fine particles, ensuring the material utilization rate in the preparation process of composite materials.

[0032] 5. This solution uses the unidirectional movement of the drive motor to achieve the reciprocating motion of the extrusion rod through the clever combination of symmetrical gears, incomplete gears and racks. This design allows the entire extrusion process to be carried out continuously without the need to frequently replace or adjust equipment, thereby improving the continuity and stability of the production line. The humidity sensor senses the dryness of the material and automatically opens the one-way valve to transport the material to the extrusion tank, achieving fully automated operations from grinding to extrusion. This highly automated production method not only improves production efficiency, but also reduces manual intervention and the possibility of human error.

[0033] Through the combined action of the above mechanisms, the materials can be better dried and mixed, thereby improving the density, mechanical properties and friction and wear properties of the composite material. Grinding, stirring, drying, gas purging and extrusion molding mechanisms are integrated into the same equipment to achieve continuous and automated operation of material drying and purging. This not only simplifies the process flow, but also reduces the space occupied by equipment and manual operation costs, thereby improving production efficiency and economic benefits.

[0034] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of a process for preparing a copper-iron based brake composite material according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 It is an axonometric view of a dry extrusion device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 This is an axonometric view of a grinding assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4 It is a side cross-sectional view of a dry extrusion device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 5 1 is a top view of an extrusion assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 6 For the embodiment of the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of part A.

[0041] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: 1. drying barrel; 2. outer shell; 3. support rod; 4. driving motor; 5. gauze; 6. grinding rod; 7. sleeve rod; 8. connecting plate; 9. grinding wheel; 10. grinding part; 11. screen; 12. stirring shaft; 13. stirring blade; 14. conveying part; 15. piston rod; 16. hinged rod; 17. rubber piston; 18. conveying pipe; 19. extrusion rod; 20. symmetrical gear; 21. incomplete gear; 22. rack; 23. extrusion plate; 24. sealing layer; 25. heating plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0043] Embodiment 1:

[0044] As attached Figure 1 Shown: A copper-iron based brake composite material comprises the following components by weight: 60 parts of a metal substrate, 30 parts of a lubricating material and 10 parts of a reinforcing material.

[0045] The metal substrate includes copper powder, iron powder and aluminum powder in a mass ratio of 5:5:1; this ratio is intended to combine the conductivity of copper, the strength of iron and the lightweight properties of aluminum to form a metal matrix with good comprehensive properties.

[0046] The lubricating material includes one or more of graphite, molybdenum disulfide, hexagonal boron nitride and polytetrafluoroethylene; the reinforcing material includes one or more of aluminum oxide, silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, carbon fiber and glass fiber; in this embodiment, the lubricating material is hexagonal boron nitride; it has excellent lubrication performance, can reduce wear during friction, and improve the wear resistance of the material. The reinforcing material is tungsten carbide; its high hardness, high wear resistance and good thermal stability can effectively enhance the mechanical properties and high temperature resistance of the composite material.

[0047] A method for preparing a copper-iron based brake composite material comprises the following steps:

[0048] Step 1, raw material pretreatment: copper powder, iron powder, aluminum powder, hexagonal boron nitride and tungsten carbide are weighed in a weight ratio of 5:5:1:3:1 and pretreated for cleaning and impurity removal.

[0049] Step 2: Grinding and drying the raw materials: The raw materials that have been cleaned and pre-treated for impurities removal are placed in a drying and extrusion device for grinding, mixing and drying operations to ensure the purity of the raw materials and the quality of subsequent processing.

[0050] Step 3: Pressing and molding: After the raw materials are ground, mixed, stirred and dried, the components are fully mixed and the moisture and impurities in the raw materials are removed. The raw materials are pressed and molded through a dry extrusion device to form a green body with a certain shape and density, in preparation for subsequent sintering.

[0051] Step 4: high temperature sintering: placing the pressed green body in a sintering furnace and sintering at 1000°C to achieve metallurgical bonding between the components to form a dense composite material.

[0052] Step 5: Machining: According to the requirements of the finished product size and shape, the sintered material is machined to achieve the required dimensional accuracy and surface quality. The entire preparation process is simple and easy to operate, and the raw materials are widely available and low in price, which is conducive to reducing production costs and improving production efficiency.

[0053] Embodiment 2:

[0054] As attached Figure 2-Figure 6 As shown, the difference from the above embodiment is that the drying and extruding device includes a drying barrel 1 with an opening, the drying barrel 1 is semicircular and installed at an angle, and a plurality of through holes are opened at the bottom of the drying barrel 1; an outer shell 2 is provided on the outside of the drying barrel 1, a feed port is opened at the top of the outer shell 2, and a plurality of support rods 3 are bolted and fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer shell 2; a driving component for driving the drying barrel 1 to rotate is provided at the bottom of the drying barrel 1.

[0055] The driving assembly includes a driving motor 4, which is electrically connected to a controller, and the controller is used to control the opening and closing of the driving motor 4; the driving motor 4 is bolted and fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer shell 2, and the output shaft of the driving motor 4 passes through the bottom of the outer shell 2 and extends to the inside of the outer shell 2 and is bolted and fixedly connected to the bottom of the drying barrel 1; a plurality of heating plates 25 are bolted and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drying barrel 1 along its circumference, and the controller is used to control the opening and closing of the heating plates 25; a gauze 5 for preventing materials from falling is fixedly bonded to the inner wall of the drying barrel 1, and the gauze 5 is located above the heating plate 25; a grinding assembly for grinding materials is provided on the top of the drying barrel 1.

[0056] The grinding assembly includes a grinding rod 6, and a sleeve rod 7 is sleeved on the outer wall of the middle part of the grinding rod 6; a connecting plate 8 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell 2 with bolts, and the outer side of the sleeve rod 7 is hinged to the connecting plate 8; grinding wheels 9 are rotatably matched at both ends of the grinding rod 6.

[0057] The top of the drying barrel 1 is connected to a grinding part 10, which is arranged in a ring shape. A lateral opening is opened on the side of the grinding part 10 for the grinding rod 6 to move. A blocking layer 24 for shielding materials is fixedly bonded to the lateral opening. In this embodiment, the mesh numbers of the blocking layer 24 and the gauze 5 are both 350 meshes, and the blocking layer 24 is located at the bottom of the grinding rod 6; the grinding wheels 9 are all located in the grinding part 10 and are rotatably matched with the grinding part 10; a grinding opening is opened on the top of the grinding part 10, and a screen 11 is fixedly bonded to the bottom of the grinding part 10. In this embodiment, the mesh number of the screen 11 is 60 meshes; a stirring component for stirring materials is provided inside the drying barrel 1.

[0058] The stirring assembly includes a stirring shaft 12, which is bolted to the bottom of the sleeve rod 7; a plurality of stirring blades 13 are bolted to the stirring shaft 12, and the stirring blades 13 are all located inside the drying barrel 1; an air pump assembly for conveying gas is provided above the grinding rod 6.

[0059] The air pump assembly includes a conveying part 14, a piston rod 15 and a hinged rod 16. The conveying part 14 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell 2 by bolts; the piston rod 15 is located in the conveying part 14, and rubber pistons 17 are fixedly bonded at both ends of the piston rod 15, and the rubber pistons 17 are slidably matched with the inner wall of the conveying part 14.

[0060] The bottoms of both ends of the conveying portion 14 are connected to conveying pipes 18, and one end of the conveying pipe 18 away from the conveying portion 14 extends to the bottom of the drying barrel 1, and a plurality of ventilation holes are provided on the outer side wall of the bottom of the conveying pipe 18; the piston rod 15 is hinged to the top of the hinged rod 16, and a conveying port for the hinged rod 16 to move is provided on the outer side wall in the length direction of the conveying portion 14; one end of the hinged rod 16 away from the piston rod 15 is fixedly connected to the hinge of the sleeve rod 7 and the connecting plate 8 adjacent thereto by bolts.

[0061] The extrusion assembly includes an extrusion rod 19, an extrusion groove for sliding the extrusion rod 19 is opened at the bottom of the shell 2, and a leakage port connected to the bottom of the drying barrel 1 is opened at the top of the extrusion groove; a one-way valve is embedded and installed at the leakage port; a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drying barrel 1 by bolts, and the controller is used to control the operation of the heating plate 25 and the one-way valve according to the information of the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor in the drying barrel 1.

[0062] The output shaft of the driving motor 4 is coaxially bolted and fixedly connected with a symmetrical gear 20 near the bottom of the drying barrel 1, and the symmetrical gear 20 is symmetrically integrally formed with a plurality of convex teeth; the symmetrical gear 20 is meshed with an incomplete gear 21, and both the symmetrical gear 20 and the incomplete gear 21 are meshed with a rack 22, and the rack 22 is bolted and fixedly connected to the outer wall of the extrusion rod 19; an extrusion plate 23 is bolted and fixedly connected to the side of the extrusion groove away from the symmetrical gear 20, and the extrusion plate 23 is bolted and fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the outer shell 2.

[0063] The specific implementation process is as follows: first, the raw materials are pretreated, and then the raw materials are placed in the grinding part 10 in sequence; because an inclined semicircular drying barrel 1 is provided, the output shaft of the driving motor 4 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the drying barrel 1 by bolts, so the driving motor 4 can drive the drying barrel 1 to rotate.

[0064] Since the grinding part 10 is connected to the top of the drying barrel 1, and the grinding wheel 9 rotates in the grinding part 10, the grinding part 10 can be driven to rotate when the drying barrel 1 rotates. Since the grinding wheel 9 rotates with the grinding rod 6, the sleeve rod 7 sleeved on the outside of the grinding rod 6 is hinged with a connecting plate 8, and the connecting plate 8 is bolted and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell 2, when the inclined semicircular drying barrel 1 rotates, the grinding wheel 9 on the top of the drying barrel 1 also rotates accordingly in the grinding part 10, and the material is ground by the rotation of the grinding wheel 9. When the high point on one side of the drying barrel 1 rotates to the other side, the height of the hinged grinding rod 6 is adjusted together with the drying barrel 1.

[0065] by Figure 4 For example, when the driving motor 4 drives the high point of the drying barrel 1 to rotate to the right, the high point of the grinding rod 6 also rotates to the right accordingly; conversely, when the high point of the drying barrel 1 rotates to the left, the high point of the grinding rod 6 also rotates to the left accordingly. Since the grinding part 10 has a lateral opening for the grinding rod 6 to run, a blocking layer 24 is fixedly bonded to the lateral opening, and a screen 11 is fixedly bonded to the bottom of the grinding part 10, and the width of the screen 11 is larger than the size of the top wall of the drying barrel 1, the blocking layer 24 covers the top of the drying barrel 1, and the mesh number of the screen 11 is much smaller than the mesh number of the blocking layer 24; therefore, when the material is ground, it will not overflow from the lateral opening and flow into the drying barrel 1, but can only fall into the drying barrel 1 through the bottom screen 11, and it needs to be ground to a smaller aperture than the screen 11 before it falls in, and in this way, fine grinding of the material is achieved.

[0066] After that, the material is ground and falls into the drying barrel 1. The heating plate 25 is turned on. The drying barrel 1 is rotated to heat the material and the heating plate 25 evenly. The material evaporates its moisture after being heated. Because there are a number of through holes at the bottom of the drying barrel 1, and the inner wall of the drying barrel 1 is fixedly bonded with a gauze 5, and the mesh number of the gauze 5 is large, the ground fine particles will not be thrown out of the drying barrel 1 during the material drying process. After the moisture evaporates into gas, it flows out through the gauze 5 and the blocking layer 24. In this way, the material is dried and the mechanical properties of the device are fully utilized.

[0067] At the same time, during the material drying process, because the bottom of the sleeve rod 7 is bolted to the stirring shaft 12, and the stirring shaft 12 is bolted to the stirring blades 13, when the high point of the grinding rod 6 changes at the top of the drying barrel 1, it will drive the sleeve rod 7 to change up and down, and at this time, the stirring shaft 12 drives the stirring blades 13 to follow the up and down changes. Figure 3For example, when the high point of the grinding rod 6 swings to the right, the high point of the stirring blade 13 also swings to the right; conversely, when the high point of the grinding rod 6 swings to the left, the high point of the stirring blade 13 can also swing to the left. In this process, the drying barrel 1 revolves around the stirring shaft 12. During the revolution, the stirring blade 13 exerts a certain shear force on the material, so the material can be stirred and mixed by the shear force of the stirring blade 13 and the rotation of the drying barrel 1, so that the material can be dried more evenly.

[0068] At the same time, during the mixing and drying process of the material, since the hinged joint of the sleeve rod 7 and the connecting plate 8 is fixedly connected with a hinged rod 16 by bolts, the end of the hinged rod 16 away from the connecting plate 8 is hinged with a piston rod 15, and the piston rod 15 is slidably matched in the conveying part 14, when the hinged rod 16 rotates, it will drive the piston rod 15 to perform corresponding reciprocating motion. Figure 4 For example, when the sleeve rod 7 drives the top of the articulated rod 16 to rotate to the left, it can drive the piston rod 15 to move to the left in the conveying part 14; conversely, when the sleeve rod 7 drives the top of the articulated rod 16 to rotate to the right, it can drive the piston rod 15 to move to the right. In this way, the lateral reciprocating motion of the piston rod 15 in the conveying part 14 is realized.

[0069] Because rubber pistons 17 are fixedly bonded at both ends of the piston rod 15, the rubber pistons 17 are slidably matched with the inner wall of the conveying part 14, and a conveying port for the hinged rod 16 to move is opened on the outer wall in the length direction of the conveying part 14, and the length of the conveying port is much smaller than the length of the conveying part 14, so that the rubber piston 17 has a sufficient range of movement, and the bottoms of both ends of the conveying part 14 are connected with conveying pipes 18, and the end of the conveying pipe 18 away from the conveying part 14 extends to the bottom of the drying barrel 1, and the outer wall of the bottom of the conveying pipe 18 is opened with a plurality of ventilation holes; therefore, when the rubber piston 17 is slidably matched with the inner wall of the conveying part 14, air can be evacuated and delivered to the bottom of the drying barrel 1 through the conveying pipe 18.

[0070] by Figure 4For example, when the hinge rod 16 drives the rubber piston 17 to move to the left, the gas at the bottom of the right transmission pipe 18 can be sucked into the conveying part 14. At this time, the gas inside the conveying part 14 on the left is squeezed, and the gas in the left transmission pipe 18 is transmitted to the bottom of the drying barrel 1; conversely, the left side of the drying barrel 1 can be sucked and the right side of the drying barrel 1 can be blown. The material is further purged by this reciprocating suction and air supply at the bottom of the drying barrel 1. The airflow generated during the purge can make the material flow irregularly around the inside of the drying barrel 1, so that the material is in full contact with the heating plate 25. In this way, the moisture of the material can be further evaporated. In addition, the suction and air supply can change the pressure of the gas on both sides of the drying barrel 1, thereby accelerating the circulation of the gas and further improving the efficiency of material drying. Because a sealing layer 24 is provided at the bottom of the grinding rod 6 and the sealing layer 24 has a large mesh size, fine particles of the material will not be blown out of the drying barrel 1 during airflow blowing, and the metal material has a certain weight and is usually at the bottom of the drying barrel 1.

[0071] Subsequently, after the humidity sensor connected by bolts to the inner wall of the drying barrel 1 senses that the material is completely dry, the heating plate 25 is turned off, the one-way valve at the bottom of the drying barrel 1 is rotated to align with the material leakage port of the extrusion groove, and then the valve of the one-way valve is opened to transport the material into the extrusion groove, and the material is further extruded by the extrusion rod 19. Since the output shaft of the driving motor 4 is coaxially bolted and connected with the symmetrical gear 20, the symmetrical gear 20 is meshed with an incomplete gear 21, and the symmetrical gear 20 and the incomplete gear 21 are both meshed with a rack 22, and the rack 22 is bolted and fixed to the outer wall of the extrusion rod 19; therefore, when the driving motor 4 drives the symmetrical gear 20 to rotate, it drives the extrusion rod 19 bolted and fixed to the rack 22 to perform corresponding reciprocating motion.

[0072] by Figure 5 For example, when the symmetrical gear 20 rotates counterclockwise, its symmetrical integrally formed convex teeth drive the incomplete gear 21 meshing with it to rotate clockwise, and when the incomplete gear 21 rotates clockwise, it can drive the rack 22 meshing with it to move to the right; then, when the convex teeth of the symmetrical gear 20 rotate to the rack 22 meshing with it, the extrusion rod 19 fixedly connected to the rack 22 is driven to move to the left. In this way, the reciprocating motion of the extrusion rod 19 is achieved, and then the extrusion rod 19 is hit when it moves toward the extrusion plate 23 to achieve extrusion molding of the material. The output shaft of the drive motor 4 moves in one direction to achieve the reciprocating motion of the extrusion rod 19, which is flexible and agile. Only one drive motor 4 is needed to achieve multiple processing methods for the material, thereby improving the continuity of material processing, facilitating operation, and further reducing costs; it is suitable for large-scale production in factories.

[0073] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A copper-iron based brake composite material, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components by weight: 10-60 parts of a metal base material, 1-30 parts of a lubricating material and 1-10 parts of a reinforcing material.

2. The copper-iron based brake composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal substrate includes copper powder, iron powder and aluminum powder in a mass ratio of 5:5:

1.

3. The copper-iron based brake composite material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lubricating material includes one or more of graphite, molybdenum disulfide, hexagonal boron nitride and polytetrafluoroethylene.

4. The copper-iron based brake composite material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reinforcement material includes one or more of alumina, silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, carbon fiber and glass fiber.

5. A method for preparing a copper-iron-based brake composite material, applicable to the copper-iron-based brake composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Raw material pretreatment: weigh the metal substrate, lubricating material and reinforcing material in proportion and perform pretreatment operations of cleaning and impurity removal respectively; Step 2: Grinding and drying the raw materials: placing the raw materials after cleaning and impurity removal pretreatment in a drying and extrusion device for grinding, mixing and drying operations; Step 3, pressing and molding: After the raw materials are ground, mixed, stirred and dried, they are pressed and molded into a green body through a dry extrusion device; Step 4: high temperature sintering: placing the pressed green body in a sintering furnace for high temperature sintering at 800-1000°C; Step 5: Machining: The sintered material is machined according to the size and shape requirements of the finished product.

6. The method for preparing the copper-iron based brake composite material according to claim 5, characterized in that: The drying and extruding device comprises a drying barrel (1) with an opening, the drying barrel (1) is semicircular and is installed at an angle, and a plurality of through holes are provided at the bottom of the drying barrel (1); a shell (2) is provided on the outside of the drying barrel (1), a material inlet is provided at the top of the shell (2), and a plurality of support rods (3) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the shell (2); a driving component for driving the drying barrel (1) to rotate is provided at the bottom of the drying barrel (1); The drive assembly comprises a drive motor (4), the drive motor (4) is electrically connected to a controller, and the controller is used to control the opening and closing of the drive motor (4); the drive motor (4) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer shell (2), and the output shaft of the drive motor (4) passes through the bottom of the outer shell (2) and extends to the inside of the outer shell (2) and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the drying barrel (1); a plurality of heating plates (25) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drying barrel (1) along its circumference, and the controller is used to control the opening and closing of the heating plates (25); a gauze (5) for preventing materials from falling is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drying barrel (1), and the gauze (5) is located above the heating plates (25); and a grinding assembly for grinding materials is provided on the top of the drying barrel (1).

7. The method for preparing the copper-iron based brake composite material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The grinding assembly comprises a grinding rod (6), a sleeve rod (7) is sleeved on the outer wall of the middle part of the grinding rod (6); a connecting plate (8) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing (2), and the outer side of the sleeve rod (7) and the connecting plate (8) are hinged to each other; grinding wheels (9) are rotatably matched at both ends of the grinding rod (6); The top of the drying barrel (1) is connected to a grinding part (10), the grinding part (10) is arranged in a ring shape, a lateral opening is opened on the side of the grinding part (10) for the grinding rod (6) to move, a blocking layer (24) for shielding materials is fixedly connected to the lateral opening, and the blocking layer (24) is located at the bottom of the grinding rod (6); the grinding wheels (9) are all located in the grinding part (10) and are all rotatably matched with the grinding part (10); a grinding opening is opened on the top of the grinding part (10), and a screen (11) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the grinding part (10); a stirring component for stirring materials is provided inside the drying barrel (1).

8. The method for preparing the copper-iron based brake composite material according to claim 7, characterized in that: The stirring assembly comprises a stirring shaft (12), which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sleeve rod (7); a plurality of stirring blades (13) are fixedly connected to the stirring shaft (12), and the stirring blades (13) are all located inside the drying barrel (1); and an air pump assembly for conveying gas is provided above the grinding rod (6).

9. The method for preparing the copper-iron based brake composite material according to claim 8, characterized in that: The air pump assembly comprises a conveying portion (14), a piston rod (15) and a hinged rod (16); the conveying portion (14) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing (2); the piston rod (15) is located in the conveying portion (14); both ends of the piston rod (15) are fixedly connected to rubber pistons (17); the rubber pistons (17) are slidably matched with the inner wall of the conveying portion (14); The bottoms of both ends of the conveying portion (14) are connected to conveying pipes (18), one end of the conveying pipe (18) away from the conveying portion (14) extends to the bottom of the drying barrel (1), and the outer side wall of the bottom of the conveying pipe (18) is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes; the piston rod (15) is hinged to the top of the hinge rod (16), and the outer side wall of the conveying portion (14) in the length direction is provided with a conveying opening for the hinge rod (16) to move; the end of the hinge rod (16) away from the piston rod (15) is fixedly connected to the hinged joint of the sleeve rod (7) and the connecting plate (8) adjacent thereto.

10. The method for preparing the copper-iron based brake composite material according to claim 9, characterized in that: The extrusion assembly comprises an extrusion rod (19); an extrusion groove for sliding the extrusion rod (19) is provided at the bottom of the housing (2); a material leakage port connected to the bottom of the drying barrel (1) is provided at the top of the extrusion groove; a one-way valve is provided at the material leakage port; a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drying barrel (1); a controller is used to control the operation of the heating plate (25) and the one-way valve respectively according to information from the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor in the drying barrel (1); The output shaft of the driving motor (4) is coaxially fixedly connected with a symmetrical gear (20) near the bottom of the drying barrel (1), and the symmetrical gear (20) is symmetrically installed with a plurality of convex teeth; the symmetrical gear (20) is meshed with an incomplete gear (21), and both the symmetrical gear (20) and the incomplete gear (21) are meshed with a rack (22), and the rack (22) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the extrusion rod (19); and an extrusion plate (23) is fixedly connected to the side of the extrusion groove away from the symmetrical gear (20), and the extrusion plate (23) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the outer shell (2).

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