Soft rock tunnel excavation supporting system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel supporting, and discloses a soft rock tunnel excavation supporting system which comprises two supporting frames composed of a plurality of support assemblies and connecting assemblies, the support assemblies comprise supporting rods, protruding buttons are arranged on the supporting rods, the connecting assemblies comprise connecting plates installed on the supporting rods, and the connecting plates are connected with the supporting rods. The convex buttons are rotationally connected to the connecting plates, stable convex blocks are fixed to the side portions of part of the connecting plates, retention rods and linkage bolts are in threaded connection to the stable convex blocks, a positioning assembly is installed on the side portion of the supporting rod and comprises a stable sleeve fixed to the side portion of the supporting rod, and a positioning rod is movably connected into the stable sleeve in a sleeved mode; the pre-installation mode is adopted, the folded supporting frame is conveyed into the tunnel, and the supporting frame is unfolded to support the tunnel through traction force, so that the utilization rate of hoisting equipment can be reduced, meanwhile, vibration is reduced, dismounting and mounting operation of the support can be rapidly completed, and the safety of supporting construction is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel support, in particular to a soft rock tunnel excavation support system. Background Art

[0002] A soft rock tunnel refers to a tunnel built under soft rock or weak rock geological conditions. Soft rock tunnels are often located in unstable geological environments. The rock has poor strength and stability, is prone to deformation and landslides, and has complex hydrological conditions and serious water seepage problems, requiring drainage and waterproofing measures.

[0003] The support system of soft rock tunnels is an important structure to ensure the safety and stability of tunnels under soft rock or weak rock geological conditions. Due to the characteristics of soft rock, the support device needs to have high strength, good adaptability and stability.

[0004] At present, most of the traditional soft rock tunnel excavation and support methods adopt the segmented excavation method. After excavating a section of the tunnel, a supporting steel frame structure is spliced ​​and built in the tunnel. The construction of the supporting steel structure is cumbersome and slow, and during the construction process, the lifting equipment and construction technology are prone to large vibrations. Due to the different characteristics of soft rock tunnels and poor stability, after being vibrated, it is very easy to produce deformation and collapse when building the supporting steel structure, which poses a certain danger to the construction workers. Summary of the invention

[0005] 1. Technical issues to be solved

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a soft rock tunnel excavation support system, which has the advantages of being able to quickly complete the support work on the soft rock tunnel, and solves the problem that the current soft rock support method is slow and prone to large vibrations, resulting in high risk of tunnel deformation and collapse.

[0007] (II) Technical solution

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a soft rock tunnel excavation support system, comprising two support frames composed of a plurality of support assemblies and connecting assemblies, wherein the support assemblies include support rods, on which are provided protruding knobs, and connecting assemblies are installed between adjacent support assemblies, which can realize the functions of folding, storing and unfolding support.

[0009] The connecting assembly includes a connecting plate installed on the support rod, and a convex button is rotatably connected to the connecting plate, wherein a stabilizing protrusion is fixed to the side of some of the connecting plates, and a retaining rod and a connecting bolt are threadedly connected to the stabilizing protrusion. The support frame as a whole can achieve the effect of horizontal or vertical folding, and the retaining rod is threadedly connected to the corresponding retaining hole to achieve the function of locking the opening angle of the support frame.

[0010] A positioning assembly is installed on the side of the support rod, and the positioning assembly includes a stabilizing sleeve fixed on the side of the support rod, and a positioning rod is movably sleeved in the stabilizing sleeve. The positioning rod can be stably extended and retracted in the stabilizing sleeve, and the positioning rod can move outward while the support frame is opened, and fit into the corresponding position in the tunnel, so as to fix the position of the support frame.

[0011] A traction assembly is installed between the support frames, and the traction assembly includes a traction device, a traction groove is opened on the traction device, a traction chain is installed in the traction groove, one end of the traction chain is fixed on the connecting bolt, and the traction device is used to pull the traction chain to open the support frames at both ends to perform the supporting function.

[0012] As a further improvement of the above scheme, a connecting protrusion is fixed on the side of the support rod, a rotating wheel is rotatably connected in the connecting protrusion, a driving bevel gear is fixed at one end of the rotating wheel, and a transmission bevel gear is rotatably connected in the stabilizing sleeve, and the driving bevel gear and the transmission bevel gear are meshed.

[0013] Through the above technical solution, when the rotating wheel drives the driving bevel gear to rotate, the transmission bevel gear is caused to rotate in the opposite direction.

[0014] As a further improvement of the above solution, a telescopic rod is fixed to one end of the positioning rod, and the telescopic rod is movably sleeved in the transmission bevel gear, and a drill rod is fixed to the other end of the positioning rod.

[0015] Through the above technical solution, the transmission bevel gear drives the telescopic rod to rotate, so that the drill rod can drill into the soft rock soil.

[0016] As a further improvement of the above solution, a linkage groove is provided on the side of the telescopic rod, and a linkage protrusion is provided in the transmission bevel gear, and the linkage protrusion is slidably connected in the linkage groove.

[0017] Through the above technical solution, the telescopic rod can be telescopically moved up and down while rotating.

[0018] As a further improvement of the above solution, a threaded rod is fixed at one end of the telescopic rod, a connecting button is rotatably connected to one end of the threaded rod, a linkage plate is fixed at one end of the connecting button, and a moving rod is fixed at one end of the linkage plate.

[0019] Through the above technical solution, the threaded rod rotates on the connecting button, and when the threaded rod moves in the vertical direction, it can drive the moving rod to move simultaneously.

[0020] As a further improvement of the above solution, a barb is rotatably connected to the movable rod, and a docking port is provided on the side of the stabilizing sleeve, and the barb is movably sleeved in the docking port.

[0021] Through the above technical solution, when the movable rod moves up and down in the vertical direction, the barb is turned over to achieve the function of fixing or detaching from the tunnel wall.

[0022] As a further improvement of the above solution, a stabilizing plate is fixed in the stabilizing sleeve, the threaded rod is threadedly connected in the stabilizing plate, and the movable rod is movably sleeved in the stabilizing plate.

[0023] Through the above technical solution, the telescopic rod drives the threaded rod to rotate in the linkage plate, so that the positioning rod at the top rotates and achieves the effect of moving up and down in the vertical direction, while the moving rod moves smoothly in the stabilizing plate.

[0024] As a further improvement of the above solution, a hydraulic rod is fixed to the side of the rotating wheel, and a sleeve ring is rotatably connected to one end of the hydraulic rod, and the sleeve ring is fixed on the traction chain.

[0025] Through the above technical solution, the traction chain is subjected to tension, so that the hydraulic rod drives the rotating wheel to rotate, and extends out at the output end of the hydraulic rod, forming a supporting force for the support rod between the traction chain and the traction chain.

[0026] As a further improvement of the above solution, a first gear and a second gear are rotatably connected in the tractor, and the two gears are meshed with each other. At the same time, a driving motor is fixed to the side of the tractor, and the output end of the driving motor is fixed on any gear.

[0027] Through the above technical solution, the driving motor is used to drive the two gears to rotate.

[0028] As a further improvement of the above solution, winding rollers are fixed to the sides of the first gear and the second gear, and one end of the traction chain is fixed to the winding roller.

[0029] Through the above technical solution, the gear drives the winding roller to rotate, and the traction chain is wound up, so that the support frame is opened to perform the supporting function.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a soft rock tunnel excavation support system having the following features:

[0031] Beneficial effects:

[0032] 1. The soft rock tunnel excavation support system adopts a pre-installation method to transport the folded support frame into the tunnel. Through traction, the support frame is unfolded to support the tunnel, thereby reducing the use rate of lifting equipment and reducing vibration. It can also quickly complete the disassembly and assembly of the support, thereby improving the safety of the support construction.

[0033] 2. The soft rock tunnel excavation support system uses traction to unfold the support frame, while the hydraulic rod drives the rotating wheel to rotate, so that the positioning rod extends and drives the drill rod to drill into the soil at the corresponding position in the tunnel, and at the same time, the barb is flipped and inserted into the side wall of the tunnel. A triangular support force is formed between the hydraulic rod and the traction chain, which effectively improves the stability of the support. At the same time, when the support frame is disassembled, assembled and folded, the positioning rod and the barb can be reversed and retracted, further improving the efficiency of the device disassembly and assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall external structure of the device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall connection structure of the bracket, connection and positioning components of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure at A in the middle;

[0037] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure at B in the middle;

[0038] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the transmission structure of the rotating wheel, the positioning rod and the barb of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the stabilizing plate, the positioning rod and the moving rod of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the meshing structure of the driving and transmission bevel gears of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the stabilizing sleeve, the positioning rod and the barb of the present invention;

[0042] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the overall external structure of the traction assembly of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the transmission structure of the motor and the first and second gears of the present invention.

[0044] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:

[0045] 1. Support frame;

[0046] 11. Bracket assembly; 111. Support rod; 112. Protruding button; 113. Connecting convex block; 114. Rotating wheel; 115. Driving bevel gear; 116. Hydraulic rod; 117. Sleeve ring;

[0047] 21. Connecting assembly; 211. Connecting plate; 212. Stabilizing protrusion; 213. Retaining rod; 214. Linking bolt;

[0048] 31. Positioning assembly; 311. Stabilizing sleeve; 312. Stabilizing plate; 313. Threaded rod; 314. Telescopic rod; 3141. Linking slide; 315. Positioning rod; 316. Transmission bevel gear; 3161. Linking protrusion; 317. Connecting button; 318. Linking plate; 319. Moving rod; 320. Barb; 321. Docking port; 322. Drill rod;

[0049] 41. Traction assembly; 411. Tractor; 412. First gear; 413. Second gear; 414. Winding roller; 415. Driving motor; 416. Traction groove; 417. Traction chain. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] Embodiment 1

[0052] See also Figure 1-Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the soft rock tunnel excavation support system proposed in this embodiment includes two support frames 1 composed of a plurality of support assemblies 11 and connecting assemblies 21. The support assembly 11 includes a support rod 111, and a convex button 112 is provided on the support rod 111. Connecting assemblies 21 are installed between adjacent support assemblies 11, which can realize the functions of folding, storing and unfolding support.

[0053] The connecting assembly 21 includes a connecting plate 211 installed on the supporting rod 111, and the convex button 112 is rotatably connected to the connecting plate 211, wherein a stabilizing protrusion 212 is fixed to the side of some of the connecting plates 211, and a fixing rod 213 and a connecting bolt 214 are threadedly connected to the stabilizing protrusion 212, and holes are opened at both ends of the connecting plate 211, and the convex buttons 112 on adjacent supporting rods 111 are rotatably connected to the corresponding holes, so that the supporting frame 1 as a whole can achieve the effect of horizontal or vertical folding, and the effect of fine-tuning according to the width of the tunnel can be achieved through vertical folding, and at the same time, the two ends of the stabilizing protrusion 212 are threadedly connected to the fixing rod 213, and the supporting rod 111 is provided with a plurality of fixing holes, so that when the supporting frame 1 is horizontally opened to any angle, the fixing rod 213 is threadedly connected to the corresponding fixing hole to achieve the effect of locking the opened angle, so that the supporting frame 1 can maintain the effect of continuous support at any angle.

[0054] The support working principle of the soft rock tunnel excavation support system proposed in this embodiment is: when in use, by moving two groups of support frames 1 into the tunnel, and placing the two groups of support frames 1 at both ends of a section of the tunnel respectively, the traction force generated by the traction component 4 (please refer to Example 3 for details) makes the upper and lower support rods gradually unfold in a "<>" shape with the two horizontal connecting components 21 as the center point, until they are fully unfolded and fit against the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0055] Embodiment 2

[0056] See also Figure 1-Figure 8 As shown, the soft rock tunnel excavation support system mentioned in this embodiment, on the basis of embodiment one, also includes that a positioning assembly 31 is installed on the side of the support rod 111, and the positioning assembly 31 includes a stabilizing sleeve 311 fixed on the side of the support rod 111, and a positioning rod 315 is movably sleeved in the stabilizing sleeve 311, and the diameter of the positioning rod 315 is consistent with the diameter of the interface of the stabilizing sleeve 311, so as to improve the stability of the telescopic movement of the positioning rod 315. When the two support frames 1 are opened outward in a "<>" shape, the positioning rod 315 moves outward at the same time and fits against the top and bottom of the tunnel, so as to fix the position of the support frame 1.

[0057] A connecting protrusion 113 is fixed to the side of the support rod 111, and a rotating wheel 114 is rotatably connected in the connecting protrusion 113. A driving bevel gear 115 is fixed to one end of the rotating wheel 114. At the same time, a transmission bevel gear 316 is rotatably connected in the stabilizing sleeve 311, and the driving bevel gear 115 and the transmission bevel gear 316 are meshed.

[0058] When the rotating wheel 114 drives the driving bevel gear 115 to rotate, the transmission bevel gear 316 is caused to rotate in the opposite direction due to the meshing of the gears.

[0059] A telescopic rod 314 is fixed to one end of the positioning rod 315 , and the telescopic rod 314 is movably sleeved in the transmission bevel gear 316 . Meanwhile, a drill rod 322 is fixed to the other end of the positioning rod 315 .

[0060] When the transmission bevel gear 316 rotates, the telescopic rod 314 is driven to rotate at the same time, so that the drill rod 322 drills into the soft rock soil, thereby fixing the position of the support frame 1 and avoiding slipping during the traction process.

[0061] A linkage slot 3141 is formed on the side of the telescopic rod 314 , and a linkage protrusion 3161 is disposed in the transmission bevel gear 316 . The linkage protrusion 3161 is slidably connected in the linkage slot 3141 .

[0062] When the transmission bevel gear 316 rotates, the side of the linkage protrusion 3161 is pressed against the side wall of the linkage slide groove 3141, thereby driving the telescopic rod 314 to rotate synchronously and move upward and downward.

[0063] A threaded rod 313 is fixed to one end of the telescopic rod 314 , a connecting button 317 is rotatably connected to one end of the threaded rod 313 , a linkage plate 318 is fixed to one end of the connecting button 317 , and a moving rod 319 is fixed to one end of the linkage plate 318 .

[0064] When the telescopic rod 314 drives the threaded rod 313 to rotate, the connecting button 317 does not drive the linkage plate 318 to rotate. However, when the telescopic rod 314 moves telescopically, the linkage plate 318 can drive the moving rod 319 to move telescopically at the same time.

[0065] A barb 320 is rotatably connected to the moving rod 319 , and a docking port 321 is provided on the side of the stabilizing sleeve 311 , in which the barb 320 is movably sleeved.

[0066] When the movable rod 319 moves upward, the barb 320 is in contact with the top surface of the docking port 321 and gradually moves outward to be inserted into the tunnel side wall. When the movable rod 319 moves downward, the barb 320 is in contact with the bottom of the docking port 321 and gradually moves inward to be separated from the tunnel side wall, thereby achieving a rapid fixing and separation effect between the support frame 1 and the tunnel side wall.

[0067] A stabilizing plate 312 is fixed in the stabilizing sleeve 311 , and the threaded rod 313 is threadedly connected in the stabilizing plate 312 . Meanwhile, the moving rod 319 is movably sleeved in the stabilizing plate 312 .

[0068] When the telescopic rod 314 drives the threaded rod 313 to rotate, under the force of the connection between the side of the threaded rod 313 and the internal thread of the linkage plate 318, the telescopic rod 314 drives the positioning rod 315 to rotate and can achieve the telescopic effect. During telescoping, the moving rod 319 moves up and down in the stabilizing plate 312 to ensure the stability of the vertical movement of the moving rod 319.

[0069] The fixing working principle of the soft rock tunnel excavation support system proposed in this embodiment is: when in use, under the traction force of the traction component 4, the support frame 1 is unfolded and the sleeve ring 116 is pulled to rotate the rotating wheel 114, and the telescopic rod 314 is driven to rotate at the same time under the transmission of the driving and transmission bevel gear 316, and the positioning rod 315 moves upward while rotating under the force of the bottom threaded rod 313 connected with the internal thread of the stabilizing plate 312, so that the front end of the drill rod 322 is drilled into the soil on the top surface and the ground of the tunnel, and at the same time, when the positioning rod 315 moves outward from the stabilizing sleeve 311, the moving rod 319 is driven to move at the same time through the linkage plate, so that the side hook 320 of the moving rod 319 fits the inner wall of the docking interface 321 and flips outward, and is inserted into the side wall of the tunnel to fix the support frame 1.

[0070] Embodiment 3

[0071] See also Figure 1-Figure 2 and Figure 9-10 As shown, the soft rock tunnel excavation support system mentioned in this embodiment, on the basis of embodiment one, also includes: a traction assembly 41 is installed between the support frames 1, and the traction assembly 41 includes a traction device 411, a traction groove 416 is opened on the traction device 411, and a traction chain 417 is installed in the traction groove 416, and one end of the traction chain 417 is fixed on the connecting bolt 214. When the traction device 411 is in operation, it can pull the traction chain 417 inward, so that the support frames 1 at both ends can be opened laterally outward and fit on the inner wall of the tunnel for support.

[0072] A hydraulic rod 116 is fixed to the side of the rotating wheel 114 , and a sleeve ring 117 is rotatably connected to one end of the hydraulic rod 116 , and the sleeve ring 117 is fixed on the traction chain 417 .

[0073] Under the action of tension, the traction chain 417 causes the support rod 111 to unfold. When it is pulled to a set distance, it drives the sleeve ring 117 to move at the same time, so that the hydraulic rod 116 drives the rotating wheel 114 to rotate with the connecting protrusion 113 as the center. After being pulled to the limit, it extends out through the output end of the hydraulic rod 116, forming a supporting force for the support rod 111 between the traction chain.

[0074] A first gear 412 and a second gear 413 are rotatably connected in the tractor 411, and the two gears are meshed with each other. Meanwhile, a driving motor 415 is fixed to the side of the tractor 411, and the output end of the driving motor 415 is fixed to any gear.

[0075] The output end of the driving motor 415 has the function of bidirectional rotation. When the motor is running, it drives the connected gear to rotate, and through the gear meshing force, drives another gear to rotate in the opposite direction.

[0076] Winding rollers 414 are fixed to the sides of the first gear 412 and the second gear 413 , and one end of the traction chain 417 is fixed to the winding roller 414 .

[0077] When the two gears rotate synchronously, the winding roller 414 winds up the installed traction chain 417, thereby pulling the support frames 1 at both ends, so that the support frames 1 maintain the supporting state, and after the traction chain 417 is released, the support frames 1 can be quickly folded.

[0078] The working principle of the traction component of the soft rock tunnel excavation support system proposed in this embodiment is: when in use, the driving motor 415 is operated to make the first and second gears mesh and rotate, and the traction chain 417 is wound up by the winding roller 414, thereby generating a traction force to pull the support frames 1 at both ends toward the middle, so that the support frame 1 gradually unfolds in a "<>" shape until the support frame 1 is fully unfolded for support.

[0079] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A soft rock tunnel excavation support system, characterized in that: It comprises two support frames composed of a plurality of support assemblies and connecting assemblies, wherein the support assemblies comprise support rods, and convex knobs are arranged on the support rods; The connection assembly comprises a connection plate mounted on the support rod, and the convex button is rotatably connected to the connection plate, wherein a stabilizing convex block is fixed to the side of some of the connection plates, and a retaining rod and a linkage bolt are threadedly connected to the stabilizing convex block; A positioning assembly is installed on the side of the support rod, and the positioning assembly includes a stabilizing sleeve fixed on the side of the support rod, and a positioning rod is movably sleeved in the stabilizing sleeve; A traction assembly is installed between the support frames. The traction assembly includes a traction device. A traction groove is opened on the traction device. A traction chain is installed in the traction groove. One end of the traction chain is fixed on the linkage bolt.

2. A soft rock tunnel excavation support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting protrusion is fixed on the side of the support rod, a rotating wheel is rotatably connected in the connecting protrusion, a driving bevel gear is fixed to one end of the rotating wheel, and a transmission bevel gear is rotatably connected in the stabilizing sleeve, and the driving bevel gear and the transmission bevel gear are meshed.

3. A soft rock tunnel excavation support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A telescopic rod is fixed at one end of the positioning rod, and the telescopic rod is movably sleeved in the transmission bevel gear, while a drill rod is fixed at the other end of the positioning rod.

4. A soft rock tunnel excavation support system according to claim 3, characterized in that: A linkage slide groove is provided on the side of the telescopic rod, and a linkage protrusion is provided in the transmission bevel gear, and the linkage protrusion is slidably connected in the linkage slide groove.

5. A soft rock tunnel excavation support system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A threaded rod is fixed at one end of the telescopic rod, a connecting button is rotatably connected to one end of the threaded rod, a linkage plate is fixed at one end of the connecting button, and a moving rod is fixed at one end of the linkage plate.

6. A soft rock tunnel excavation support system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The moving rod is rotatably connected with a barb, and a docking port is provided on the side of the stabilizing sleeve, in which the barb is movably sleeved.

7. A soft rock tunnel excavation support system according to claim 6, characterized in that: A stabilizing plate is fixed in the stabilizing sleeve, the threaded rod is threadedly connected in the stabilizing plate, and the movable rod is movably sleeved in the stabilizing plate.

8. The soft rock tunnel excavation support system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A hydraulic rod is fixed on the side of the rotating wheel, and a sleeve ring is rotatably connected to one end of the hydraulic rod, and the sleeve ring is fixed on the traction chain.

9. The soft rock tunnel excavation support system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tractor is rotatably connected with a first gear and a second gear, and the two gears are meshed with each other. Meanwhile, a driving motor is fixed on the side of the tractor, and the output end of the driving motor is fixed on any gear.

10. A soft rock tunnel excavation support system according to claim 9, characterized in that: Winding rollers are fixed to the sides of the first gear and the second gear, and one end of the traction chain is fixed to the winding roller.

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