Magnetic valve, valve system of plurality of magnetic valves and method for operating magnetic valve

Abstract

The invention relates to a magnetic valve (10), comprising an electromagnetic stroke drive (12), which comprises an electromagnetic coil (14) and an armature (16) that can be moved by the coil (14). The magnetic valve (10) further comprises a valve body (30) having a valve seat (40), the armature (16) being coupled to a membrane (38), which separates an armature space (44) in the valve body (30) from the fluid space (48) when in contact with the valve seat (40). When the valve is open, fluid flows through the fluid space (48). The armature chamber (44) opens at least into an overflow channel provided in the valve body (30), via which fluid can exit the armature chamber (44) when the membrane (38) is lifted from the valve seat (40) or enter the armature chamber (44) when the valve is closed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a solenoid valve having an electromagnetic stroke drive comprising a solenoid coil and an armature movable by the coil. The invention also relates to a valve system having at least two solenoid valves and a method for operating a solenoid valve. Background Art

[0002] Magnetic valves with electromagnetic stroke drives are generally known. For the intended function of the magnetic valve, a defined pressure must prevail in the space surrounding the armature. For this purpose, a venting opening is usually provided, which fluidically connects the armature space to the atmosphere or to the surroundings of the magnetic valve. The venting takes place in particular via a bore, which extends through the armature and a housing plug, which closes an introduction opening for the armature in the housing. Accordingly, the venting opening is located on the upper side of the valve.

[0003] Since only low IP protection classes can be achieved, especially in the case of upwardly extending exhaust lines, the exhaust lines are partially covered in the prior art with plugs or protective covers or gas-permeable but liquid-tight membranes. As a result, air or gas can escape from the interior of the solenoid valve, but moisture cannot enter the valve. Nevertheless, external loading of the valve drive with water at relatively high pressure is still not possible.

[0004] In industries such as the automotive industry, the requirements for solenoid valves are particularly high. In this case, specific electrical connections must be implemented and high IP protection classes, preferably IP6K9K protection classes, must be adhered to. In addition, the valve must not freeze or overheat. Summary of the invention

[0005] Correspondingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a magnetic valve having a higher IP protection grade.

[0006] The object is achieved by a solenoid valve having an electromagnetic stroke drive, which includes an electromagnetic coil and an armature that can be moved by the coil. The solenoid valve also includes a valve body, which has a valve seat, wherein the armature is coupled to a membrane, and the membrane separates the armature space in the valve body from the fluid space when it contacts the valve seat. When the valve is open, the fluid flows through the fluid space. The armature space at least leads to an overflow channel arranged in the valve body, through which the fluid can leave the armature space when the membrane is lifted from the valve seat or enter the armature space when the valve is closed. The basic concept of the present invention is therefore that the exhaust and pressure compensation of the solenoid valve are carried out via at least one overflow channel connected to the armature space, which extends in the valve body so that the exhaust occurs via the valve body. Therefore, the solenoid valve and its drive are no longer provided with holes upward, so that a higher level of protection can be achieved.

[0007] Preferably, the solenoid valve is a normally closed armature solenoid valve with a separation membrane, in particular a two-way two-way valve. Such a valve is particularly suitable for liquid and gaseous aggressive fluids with a small flow rate. Accordingly, the solenoid valve is also used in the automotive industry, in the future in particular as a valve for hydrogen gas flow.

[0008] Therefore, a return spring is preferably also provided in the solenoid valve, which returns the membrane to the closed position.

[0009] For example, the membrane is a separating membrane, so that the solenoid valve is a media-separating solenoid valve. This means that the fluid flowing through the valve does not come into contact with the drive or the mechanism of the solenoid valve in the armature space.

[0010] According to one embodiment, the valve body is formed from at least a first and a second part, in particular a flange and a valve fitting, wherein the valve seat is formed on the second part and the membrane is clamped between the first part and the second part. Accordingly, the armature space is protected by the membrane between the two parts of the valve body, in particular the electromagnetic stroke drive is protected, so that the service life of the drive system is increased.

[0011] Preferably, the valve body of the magnetic valve is plate-shaped, in particular, it is constructed from two plate-shaped parts, wherein the first plate corresponds to the flange and the second plate corresponds to the valve fitting. The fluid channel and the overflow channel are milled or drilled into the plate and the valve drive is placed on the first plate. A valve of this type allows a very flexible, modular design of the port, since not all channels need to be used in the plate. Instead, the corresponding required channels can be connected to each other and to one or more drives. In this case, the channels or holes do not have to be connected only in a single number. By means of a groove which is semicircular in cross section in one or both plates, the channel can only be formed by joining the two plates together and be closed in cross section.

[0012] According to one embodiment, the armature chamber is arranged in the first part of the valve body.

[0013] According to a preferred embodiment, at least one overflow channel starts in the first part and extends into the second part of the valve body, where it ends at the port opening on the outside. Thus, the exhaust channel can end away from the drive, i.e. in an area of ​​the valve's surroundings that is protected from moisture and dirt.

[0014] According to another embodiment, a fluid channel leading into the fluid space is formed in the valve body. Since the valve body is directly connected to the device / installation in which the valve is installed, the fluid is guided only in the device / installation.

[0015] According to a preferred embodiment, the fluid channel is arranged only in the second part and ends at the port on the outside. Therefore, the fluid flowing through the valve and controlled by the valve is only in the second part of the valve body, that is, the valve fitting, and a clear separation from the armature space is obtained. Correspondingly, aggressive fluids such as hydrogen can also flow through the valve because the armature space is effectively protected from the fluid.

[0016] Alternatively to the media separation, it can also be proposed according to one embodiment that at least one overflow channel is fluidically coupled to the fluid channel. Here, a filter is placed in the overflow channel. The filter prevents particles from entering the armature space, whereby the mechanism in the armature space is protected. A special type of filter is a fluid-permeable membrane.

[0017] Preferably, the filter is clamped between the first and second parts. Thus, the fluid of the overflow channel can escape through one of the ports of the fluid channel, without the fluid of the flow-through valve directly reaching the armature space. The filter is preferably clamped between the two parts by means of a sealing ring, in particular an O-ring. In other words, even if only a partial separation of the medium occurs here, the separation takes place at the location between the two parts of the valve body.

[0018] According to a preferred embodiment, the magnetic valve has two overflow channels, which end in the armature space, one of which is an inlet channel and the other is an outlet channel. Thus, a fluid flow from the inlet channel via the armature space to the outlet channel can be achieved. If the fluid is air, then transverse ventilation can be mentioned. A magnetic valve with two overflow channels is particularly advantageous because dirt or moisture can be transported away from the armature space by a fluid flow that passes transversely through the armature space. In principle, such a transverse flow is possible even with more than two overflow channels.

[0019] According to another embodiment, the inlet channel is coupled to a heated or cooled fluid source and causes the heated or cooled fluid to flow through the armature space. Thus, the armature space can be heated or cooled. By heating the armature space, it is ensured that no part of the valve is frozen and the membrane remains flexible and thus flexible. By means of a flexible membrane, the seal at the valve seat is more reliable and the sealing effect is correspondingly improved. By cooling the armature space, the electromagnetic stroke drive is also cooled. Here, at a colder temperature, a higher magnetic force can be generated, so that the power of the magnetic valve can be increased by switching with a higher pressure.

[0020] According to one embodiment, the port opening of the outer side of at least one overflow channel is arranged on the side of the valve body or on the lower side opposite the stroke drive. In contrast to the prior art, the opening for pressure compensation is no longer open upwards; instead, the port opening is used so that the port opening is protected against external influences and a higher IP protection class can be achieved.

[0021] It can also be provided that the fluid in the armature space contains antifreeze and / or oil. If antifreeze is transported into the armature space by means of the fluid, freezing of the travel drive is prevented. Preventing freezing is important, in particular, when the solenoid valve is used in vehicles that are exposed to low temperatures for a longer period of time, also in winter or in colder climates. If the fluid in the armature space contains oil, the service life of the electromagnetic travel drive is increased, since the oil counteracts wear of certain parts.

[0022] According to one embodiment, the valve body is an injection molded part, wherein at least one flow opening and at least one overflow channel are formed during injection molding. Therefore, the production of the valve body is relatively inexpensive, and adding the overflow channel and the fluid opening hardly increases the production costs.

[0023] According to a preferred embodiment, the overflow channel is connected to an overpressure or underpressure source, wherein a switching valve is provided between the overpressure or underpressure source and the armature space. Depending on the switching state of the armature, the switching valve can be switched such that the movement or position of the pressure support membrane in the armature space is supported. In other words, an overpressure or underpressure can be generated in the armature space via the overflow channel, so that sealing with a higher pressure or support during opening can be achieved. In addition, a safety function can also be provided if the pressure cannot be overcome by the armature.

[0024] In a magnetic valve that is normally closed without current, an overpressure can be generated in the armature space by guiding a fluid under pressure, preferably compressed air, into the armature space via an overflow channel. The resulting overpressure in the armature space presses the membrane against the valve seat with a force that is added to the force applied by the armature and the spring, and the sealing takes place at an increased pressure. If the pressure in the armature space is high enough, the overpressure can no longer be overcome by the electromagnetic stroke drive, so that opening of the valve is simply impossible. Therefore, the overpressure in the armature space of a magnetic valve that is normally closed without current can be used as a safety function.

[0025] Alternatively, a negative pressure can be applied in the armature space. By means of the negative pressure, the membrane is lifted from the valve seat or at least the electromagnetic stroke drive is supported when the valve is opened. The negative pressure in the armature space thus causes a force that acts in opposition to the force of the return spring.

[0026] According to another embodiment, the solenoid valve comprises a modular plug unit, wherein the plug flange of the plug unit is completely embedded in the coil housing. The solenoid valve is also sealed against moisture by the modular plug unit in order to achieve the IP protection class.

[0027] The object is also achieved by a valve system having at least two magnetic valves according to the present invention, wherein the overflow channels of the magnetic valves are fluidically connected to each other so that the overflow channels have a common outer port opening. In other words, the overflow channels of multiple magnetic valves are brought together so that central pressure compensation can be achieved. This valve system with a common outer port opening in the valve body reduces the costs generated by the desired pressure compensation. In addition, the position of the port opening can be selected more freely through the common outer port opening. Correspondingly, the common port opening is placed at a non-critical position in the equipment / facility, where the IP protection level requirement is smaller. Here, the common port opening should not be placed at the upper side of the magnetic valve, where high temperatures will appear and substances will enter from the outside.

[0028] The object is also achieved by a method for operating a solenoid valve as described above. Here, via at least one overflow channel, an underpressure or overpressure is applied in the armature space in dependence on whether the membrane is in the open or closed state or in the state, in order to support the state or the membrane movement. Accordingly, a higher sealing pressure can be provided, together with a safety function and support for the electromagnetic stroke drive.

[0029] Furthermore, a method for operating a solenoid valve according to the invention is proposed, wherein a cooled or heated fluid and / or a fluid mixed with antifreeze and / or oil is introduced into the armature space via at least one overflow channel. As already described, the power of the solenoid valve can thus be increased and its service life can be extended. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Other features and advantages of the present invention are apparent from the following description and the accompanying drawings to which reference is made. In the accompanying drawings:

[0031] - Figure 1 shows a section through a magnetic valve according to the invention,

[0032] - Figure 2 Show according to Figure 1 An exploded view of the solenoid valve, and

[0033] - Figure 3 A section through a solenoid valve according to the invention is shown according to a second variant. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] exist Figure 1 2 shows a solenoid valve 10 having an electromagnetic stroke drive 12 which comprises a solenoid coil 14 and an armature 16 .

[0035] The structure of the magnetic valve 10 is described below according to Figure 1 and Figure 2 describe.

[0036] The electromagnetic actuator 12 is surrounded by a coil housing 18. A plug flange of a modular plug unit 20 is embedded in the coil housing 18. The connection between the coil housing 18 and the modular plug unit 20 is sealed in principle by means of a sealing ring, in particular an O-ring.

[0037] The electromagnetic travel drive 12 also includes a coil body 22, which has a central tubular section and a radially outwardly extending end flange 24 at the end of the tubular section. The radially outwardly open area formed by the tubular section and the end flange 24 accommodates the electromagnetic coil 14 wound around the coil body 22.

[0038] A pressed-in guide sleeve 23 is accommodated on the inside in the tubular section and serves as a guide for the armature.

[0039] A plug 26 which seals the pipe section at the top is pressed into the pipe section.

[0040] The coil body 22 and the electromagnetic coil 14 define a coil longitudinal axis A which also defines the direction of movement of the armature 16 moved by the electromagnetic stroke drive 12 .

[0041] The armature 16 and the plug 26 are accordingly arranged in the tubular section of the coil body 22. In this case, the plug 26 projects from the upper side of the coil housing 18. The nut 28 serves to fix the tubular section and the plug 26.

[0042] The armature 16 projects from the coil housing 18 on the bottom side and into the valve body 30. The valve body 30 is fastened to the front flange 24 and thus to the coil housing 18 by means of fastening means, for example screws 32.

[0043] The valve body 30 is composed of two, in particular plate-shaped parts 34, 36. The first, upper part 34, which is close to the drive, is a flange, and the second, lower part 36 is a valve fitting.

[0044] A membrane 38 is clamped between the first part 34 and the second part 36 . In the closed state of the solenoid valve, the membrane 38 lies on the valve seat 40 at the second part 36 and is mechanically coupled to the armature 16 .

[0045] The solenoid valve 10 shown here is a current-free normally closed valve. That is to say, the armature 16 is surrounded in the valve body 30 by a return spring 42 , which presses the armature 16 and thus the membrane 38 onto the valve seat 40 .

[0046] In order to accommodate the armature 16 and the return spring 42, an armature space 44 is provided in the valve body 30, in particular in the first part 34, surrounding the lower end of the armature 16. Correspondingly, the armature space 44 is directly connected to the guide sleeve 23, wherein the transition from the guide sleeve 23 (here, the flange of the guide sleeve 23) to the valve body 30 is sealed by an O-ring 46.

[0047] There is a fluid space 48 below the membrane 38 and around the valve seat 40. The membrane 38 thus separates the armature space 44 from the fluid space 48 and prevents the fluid in the fluid space 48 from flowing into the armature space 44.

[0048] In order for a fluid to flow through the solenoid valve 10, a fluid channel 50 leading to the fluid space 48 is formed in the valve body 30, in particular in the second part 36. The fluid channel 50 ends here at an outer port 52, which is arranged at a side 54 of the valve body 30 or, as shown, at the bottom 56.

[0049] Furthermore, an overflow channel 58 connected to the armature space 44 is present in the valve body 30 , wherein one overflow channel of the overflow channel 58 is an inlet channel 60 and the other overflow channel is an outlet channel 62 .

[0050] exist Figure 1 In the embodiment shown in , the overflow channel 58 leads from the armature space 44 in the first part 34 into the second part 36 and from there to the port opening 64 of the valve body 30. Here, a further O-ring 66 is provided for sealing at the transition of the overflow channel 58 from the section in the first part 34 to the section in the second part 36.

[0051] The port opening 64 is provided at the opposite side 54 of the valve body 30. Preferably, the port opening 64 is also in the second portion 36 of the valve body 30.

[0052] The port opening 64 is located at the side 54 of the valve body 30. Figure 1 As an alternative to the arrangement shown in , the port opening 64 can also be arranged on the underside 56 of the valve body 30 , ie opposite the stroke drive 12 .

[0053] Since both parts 34, 36 of valve body 30 are injection molded parts, fluid channel 50, overflow channel 58 as well as armature space 44 and fluid space 48 are formed during injection molding. Alternatively, fluid channel 50 can also be introduced into second part 36 by drilling or milling.

[0054] exist Figure 1 The solenoid valve 10 shown in FIG. 1 is a two-way two-way solenoid valve that is normally closed without current. Therefore, in the initial position, the membrane 38 is loaded onto the valve seat 40 by the armature 16, and the armature is pressed downward along the longitudinal axis A by the return spring 42. As a result, the fluid cannot enter the fluid space 48 from the first fluid channel 50 and cannot flow out through the second fluid channel 50.

[0055] If an electric current is now applied to the solenoid coil 14 via the modular plug unit 20, the armature 16 moves upwards along the longitudinal axis A, counter to the spring force of the return spring 42. As a result, the membrane 38 is no longer pressed against the valve seat 40, but is instead pulled upwards thereto, so that the fluid space 48 opens. Therefore, the fluid can now flow via the fluid space 48 from one fluid channel 50 to the next fluid channel.

[0056] For the intended function of the solenoid valve 10, a certain pressure must prevail in the armature space 44. In order to adjust the pressure accordingly and possibly also to ventilate the area around the armature space 44, an overflow channel 58 is provided in the valve body 30. By supplying or discharging a fluid, in particular air, via the overflow channel 58, the pressure in the armature space 44 can be adjusted. Furthermore, via the overflow channel 58, a fluid can leave the armature space 44 when the membrane 38 is lifted from the valve seat 40 and enter the armature space 44 when the valve is closed.

[0057] exist Figure 1In the solenoid valve 10 shown in FIG. 1 with an inlet channel 60 and an outlet channel 62, a transverse flow through the armature space 44 is realized. That is, the fluid flows through the port opening 64 into the inlet channel 60 which opens laterally into the armature space 44 and leaves the armature space at the directly opposite opening of the outlet channel 62 in order to reach the further port opening 64, at which the fluid finally leaves the solenoid valve 10 again. By the flow transversely through the armature space 44, particles, such as dust, but also moisture can be removed from the armature space 44.

[0058] Optionally, the inlet channel 60 can be coupled to a heated or cooled fluid source, so that the heated or cooled fluid flows through the overflow channel 58 into the armature space 44. Accordingly, the armature space 44 is heated or cooled.

[0059] By heating the armature space 44 it is ensured that the membrane 38 is flexible and agile, so that a reliable seal is ensured. Furthermore, the heated fluid source provides antifreeze protection.

[0060] If the armature space 44 and thus also the electromagnetic actuator 12 are cooled, a higher magnetic force can be generated. Thus, the solenoid valve 10 can be sealed or switched with a greater pressure.

[0061] It is also possible to connect the overflow channel 58, in particular the inlet channel 60, to an overpressure and / or underpressure source. Ideally, the switching valve 68 is arranged between the overpressure or underpressure source and the armature space 44. The switching valve 68 is switched in dependence on the switching state of the armature 16 so that the pressure in the armature space 44 can be used to support the movement or position of the membrane 38.

[0062] If there is a source of excess pressure and / or underpressure, the further overflow channel 58 must be closed or completely eliminated during the switchover.

[0063] In the currentless normally closed solenoid valve 10 shown here, the overpressure in the armature space causes a seal to be possible with the aid of a higher pressure. Here, an additional force parallel to the force of the return spring 42 is applied to the membrane 38 by the overpressure, so that the membrane is subjected to an overall higher force in the direction of the valve seat 40. If the overpressure introduced into the armature space 44 is high enough, the overpressure can be used as a safety function. For the safety function, it is important that the force of the overpressure in the armature space 44, which presses the membrane 38 against the valve seat 40, is higher than the force that the electromagnetic stroke drive 12 can apply to open the solenoid valve 10.

[0064] If, as an alternative to this, a negative pressure is generated in the armature space 44, it supports the electromagnetic stroke drive 12 when the solenoid valve 10 is opened, in that the negative pressure exerts a force on the membrane 38 that is opposite to the force of the return spring 42. If the negative pressure is large enough, the negative pressure alone can also open the solenoid valve 10.

[0065] In addition, the fluid flowing into the armature space 44 can be mixed with antifreeze and / or oil or oil mist. If the armature space 44 is supplied with antifreeze, freezing of the electromagnetic stroke drive 12, in particular the armature 16 and the return spring 42, can be avoided. By wetting the armature space 44 with oil, the wear of the electromagnetic stroke drive 12, in particular the return spring 42 and the armature 16, is reduced, so that the service life of the electromagnetic stroke drive 12 and thus the solenoid valve 10 is increased.

[0066] If multiple Figure 1 If the solenoid valve 10 shown in FIG. 1 is used in a valve system, the overflow channels 58 , in particular the outflow channels 62 of the solenoid valve 10 are fluidically connected to one another. The overflow channels 58 thus open into a common port opening 64 .

[0067] Another embodiment of the magnetic valve 10 is Figure 3 The structure of the magnetic valve 10 largely corresponds to that in Figure 1 The construction of the solenoid valve 10 shown in FIG. 1 is therefore not explained in any further detail.

[0068] and Figure 1 On the contrary, in the magnetic valve 10 Figure 3 In the solenoid valve 10 in FIG. 1 , one of the overflow channels 58 , in particular the outflow channel 62 , is fluidically coupled to one of the fluid channels 50 . In order to achieve at least partial separation of the medium, a filter 70 is arranged in the overflow channel 58 .

[0069] In this case, the filter 70 is located between the first part 34 and the second part 36 of the valve body 30 , so that it is clamped between the two parts 34 , 36 .

[0070] The filter 70 may also be a fluid permeable membrane.

[0071] It is important here that the filter 70 prevents particles from flowing into the armature space 44 . Therefore, no port opening 64 is required for the outflow channel 62 , since the fluid can flow out of the armature space 44 via the fluid channel 50 and its port 52 and out of the solenoid valve 10 .

Claims

1. A solenoid valve (10), comprising: an electromagnetic stroke drive (12), the electromagnetic stroke drive comprising an electromagnetic coil (14) and an armature (16) movable by the coil (14); a valve body (30) having a valve seat (40), wherein the armature (16) is coupled to a membrane (38), and when the membrane contacts the valve seat (40), separates an armature space (44) in the valve body (30) from a fluid space (48), and when the valve is opened, fluid flows through the fluid space (48), wherein the armature space (44) at least leads to an overflow channel provided in the valve body (30), and via the overflow channel, the fluid can leave the armature space (44) when the membrane (38) is lifted from the valve seat (40) or enter the armature space (44) when the valve is closed.

2. The magnetic valve (10) according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The valve body (30) is composed of at least a first part (34) and a second part (36), in particular a flange and a valve fitting, wherein the valve seat (40) is formed on the second part (36) and the membrane (38) is clamped between the first part (34) and the second part (36).

3. The magnetic valve (10) according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The armature space (44) is arranged in the first portion (34).

4. The magnetic valve (10) according to any one of claims 2 and 3, It is characterized in that The at least one overflow channel (58) begins in the first portion (34) and extends into the second portion (36), where it terminates at an outer port opening (64).

5. The magnetic valve (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that A fluid channel (50) leading into the fluid space (48) is formed in the valve body (30).

6. The solenoid valve (10) according to claim 5 and additionally according to any one of claims 2 to 4, It is characterized in that The fluid channel (50) is provided only in the second portion (36) and terminates on the outside at a port (52).

7. The magnetic valve (10) according to any one of claims 5 and 6, It is characterized in that The at least one overflow channel (58) is fluidically coupled to one of the fluid channels (50), wherein a filter (70) is accommodated in the overflow channel (58).

8. The solenoid valve (10) according to claim 7 and additionally according to any one of claims 2 to 4, It is characterized in that The filter is clamped between the first portion (34) and the second portion (36).

9. The magnetic valve (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that The solenoid valve (10) has two overflow channels (58) which end in the armature space (44), one overflow channel (58) being an inlet channel (60) and the other overflow channel being an outlet channel (62).

10. The magnetic valve (10) according to claim 9, It is characterized in that The inlet channel (60) is coupled to a source of a heated or cooled fluid so as to enable the heated or cooled fluid to flow through the armature space (44).

11. The magnetic valve (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that The outer port opening (64) of the at least one overflow channel (58) is arranged on the side (54) or on the lower side (56) of the valve body (30) opposite the stroke drive (12).

12. The magnetic valve (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that The fluid in the armature space (44) contains antifreeze and / or oil.

13. The magnetic valve (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that The valve body (30) is an injection-molded part, wherein the at least one flow opening and the at least one overflow channel are formed during injection molding.

14. The magnetic valve (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that The overflow channel (58) is connected to an overpressure or negative pressure source, and a switching valve (68) is present between the overpressure or negative pressure source and the armature space (44), wherein the switching valve can be switched in dependence on the switching state of the armature (16) so that the pressure in the armature space (44) supports the movement or position of the membrane (38).

15. The magnetic valve (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that The solenoid valve comprises a modular plug unit (20), wherein a plug flange of the plug unit (20) is completely embedded in a coil housing (18).

16. A valve system comprising at least two solenoid valves (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, The overflow channels (58) of the magnetic valves (10) are fluidically connected to one another, so that the overflow channels (58) have a common outer port opening (64).

17. A method for operating a magnetic valve (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 15, It is characterized in that Via the at least one overflow channel (58), depending on whether the membrane (38) is in an open state or a closed state or in one of the states, an underpressure or an overpressure is applied to the armature space (44) in order to support the state or the membrane movement of the membrane (38).

18. A method for operating a magnetic valve (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 15, in particular according to claim 17, It is characterized in that A cooled or heated fluid and / or a fluid mixed with antifreeze and / or oil is introduced into the armature chamber (44) via the at least one overflow channel (58).

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