Double-cell horizontal crucible gasification furnace and use method thereof
By designing a twin horizontal crucible gasifier, using the diversion pipe connection and flexible combustion system, the problem of frequent shutdown and leakage of zinc and low yield of vertical crucible gasifiers is solved. Flexible process parameter adjustment and high-quality production are realized, reducing maintenance costs and air pollution.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411476411.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-22
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-10
AI Technical Summary
The existing horizontal arc-shaped gasifier cannot adjust the parameters as needed, resulting in zinc leakage and zinc oxide problems during frequent shutdowns, which increases maintenance costs and air pollution; the vertical crucible gasifier has low output and unstable quality.
A twin horizontal crucible gasifier is designed, and two production devices and a shared partition wall are arranged symmetrically, and a diversion pipe is used to connect the zinc ingot melting crucible, the transfer crucible and the evaporation crucible, combined with nozzles, air supply mechanisms, and gas regulation. Pressure system and control system to achieve flexible process parameter adjustment and observation.
The furnace is turned on and shut down at any time according to demand, which reduces maintenance time and cost, improves product quality and output, reduces zinc oxide emissions, and improves the controllability of process parameters.
Smart Images
Figure CN119289664A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of metal smelting, and in particular is a twin-cell horizontal crucible gasification furnace and a use method thereof, which are used for evaporating aluminum. Background Art
[0002] The existing horizontal curved plate gasification furnace has the disadvantage that the parameters cannot be adjusted according to the needs. When encountering technical problems, the furnace needs to be repeatedly started and stopped, or when encountering irresistible factors, the furnace must be stopped. Every time the curved plate is stopped, due to temperature changes, gaps are generated between the curved plates. If the furnace is started again, zinc leakage occurs, that is, zinc vapor leaks from the gap, or air enters the evaporation pool, and white zinc oxide is generated above the curved plate, which reduces the thermal conductivity of the curved plate. Moreover, most of the leaked zinc oxide is discharged into the air, causing air pollution. Therefore, every time the furnace is stopped for a long time or abnormally, the furnace must be rebuilt, which has high maintenance costs and a long time.
[0003] In addition, the vertical crucible gasification furnace has its disadvantages, low output, unstable quality, unstable gas pressure in the crucible, unstable product quality, and prone to abnormal shutdown.
[0004] The horizontal curved plate gasifier cannot be stopped at any time, and the vertical crucible gasifier has insufficient production capacity and poor quality. Summary of the invention
[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a twin-cell horizontal crucible gasifier and a method for using the same.
[0006] A twin-cell horizontal crucible gasification furnace, wherein the twin cells are two symmetrically arranged production devices with a common partition wall in the middle; each device is respectively equipped with a combustion system, and the zinc ingot melting crucible in each device is connected to a transfer crucible through a first guide pipe, and then connected to an evaporation crucible through a second guide pipe; the evaporation crucible is sealed and connected to a condenser through an air guide pipe; the respective combustion systems are arranged on both sides of the common partition wall; the transfer crucible has an observation port.
[0007] Furthermore, the combustion system includes a nozzle, an air supply mechanism, a gas pressure regulating system and a control system. The nozzle is arranged on both sides of a common partition wall, the air supply mechanism and the gas pressure regulating system are arranged below the feeding platform, and the control system is arranged at a location far away from a heat source.
[0008] Furthermore, the zinc ingot melting crucible, transfer crucible and evaporation crucible are adjusted in height through a bottom high-alumina brick support frame.
[0009] Furthermore, the upper parts of the zinc ingot melting crucible and the transfer crucible are higher than the feeding platform; the height of the evaporation crucible is determined according to the opening position of the evaporation crucible gas guide pipe and the position of the condenser gas guide column, and the installation angle of the gas guide pipe is maintained at 20-30 degrees.
[0010] Furthermore, the guide tube has an outer diameter of 8 mm, connects the openings on the melting crucible and the transfer crucible, and the bottom of the opening is an arc-shaped butt-jointed guide tube.
[0011] Furthermore, one end of the second flow guide tube is connected to the opening on the transfer crucible, and the other end is connected to the opening on the evaporation crucible. The center line of the second flow guide tube is 30-50 mm below the center line of the evaporation crucible, and the elevation angle is 10-20 degrees.
[0012] Furthermore, the height of the flow guide pipe 1 is lower than the height of the flow guide pipe 2.
[0013] A method for using a twin-cell horizontal crucible gasifier, using any one of the twin-cell horizontal crucible gasifiers described above: Step 1: Build the outer wall and the middle common partition wall of the twin horizontal crucible furnace, and pour the top of the outer wall; Step 2: According to the position of the condenser, confirm the height of the bottom support frame of the evaporation crucible, and keep the elevation angle of the air guide tube at 20-30 degrees; according to the height of the feeding platform, confirm the height of the high-alumina brick of the bottom support frame of the zinc ingot melting crucible and the transfer crucible, and keep the zinc ingot melting crucible and the transfer crucible higher than the feeding platform; install the zinc ingot melting crucible, the transfer crucible and the evaporation crucible on the bottom support frame; Step 3: Install the guide tube 1 connecting the zinc ingot melting crucible and the transfer crucible and the guide tube 2 connecting the transfer crucible and the evaporation crucible; Step 4: Fill the evaporation crucible with crude zinc; Step 5: Build the gap between the evaporation crucible and the surrounding wall, with the inner layer of high-alumina bricks and the outer layer of insulation bricks; seal the furnace door of the evaporation crucible; Step 6: Add materials into the zinc ingot melting crucible. After heating, observe the zinc-water level in the transfer crucible to determine whether there is zinc deficiency, zinc excess or high internal pressure, and adjust the process parameters accordingly.
[0014] Furthermore, when zinc is deficient, zinc vapor in the evaporation crucible flows back from the second guide pipe, and flames and white smoke are generated in the transfer crucible; when zinc is excessive or the internal pressure is high, the surface of the zinc liquid in the transfer crucible bulges.
[0015] Compared with the existing technology, (1) the twin-cell horizontal crucible gasifier can start production at any time and stop production at any time according to the demand of the zinc powder market, (2) the maintenance time is short and the cost is low, and the used crucible can be reused, and (3) the production parameters can be conveniently observed and adjusted through the transfer crucible. The twin-cell horizontal crucible gasifier combines the advantages of the large evaporation area of the horizontal curved plate gasifier and the advantages of the vertical crucible gasifier that can be started and stopped at any time to form a new zinc ingot smelting and evaporation device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1 1. is a top view of a twin-cell horizontal crucible gasifier of the present invention; Figure 2 It is the connection position relationship diagram of the evaporating crucible and the condenser; Figure 3 It is a diagram showing the connection positions of the transfer crucible and the evaporation crucible; Figure 4 It is one of the connection position relationship diagrams of the melting crucible and the transfer crucible; Figure 5 This is the second diagram of the connection position relationship between the melting crucible and the transfer crucible; Among them, 1 is a zinc ingot melting crucible, 2 is a transfer crucible, 3 is an evaporation crucible, 4 is an evaporator, 6 is a flow guide tube 1, 7 is a flow guide tube 2, and 8 is an air guide tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0017] like Figure 1 As shown, a twin-cell horizontal crucible gasification furnace, the "twin" is two production devices symmetrically arranged with a common partition wall in the middle; each set of devices is equipped with a combustion system, and the zinc ingot melting crucible in each set of devices is connected to the transfer crucible through a guide pipe 1, and then connected to the evaporation crucible through a guide pipe 2; the evaporation crucible is connected to the condenser through an air guide pipe after being sealed; the respective combustion systems are arranged on both sides of the common partition wall; the transfer crucible has an observation port.
[0018] The combustion system includes a nozzle, an air supply mechanism, a gas pressure regulating system and a control system. The nozzle is arranged on both sides of a common partition wall, the air supply mechanism and the gas pressure regulating system are arranged below the feeding platform, and the control system is arranged at a location far away from a heat source.
[0019] The zinc ingot melting crucible, the transfer crucible and the evaporation crucible are adjusted in height through the bottom high-alumina brick support frame.
[0020] The upper parts of the zinc ingot melting crucible and the transfer crucible are higher than the feeding platform; Figure 2 As shown, the height of the evaporator crucible is determined according to the opening position of the evaporator crucible gas guide pipe and the position of the condenser gas guide column, and the installation elevation angle of the gas guide pipe is maintained at 20-30 degrees.
[0021] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the guide tube has an outer diameter of 8 mm, connects the openings on the melting crucible and the transfer crucible, and the bottom of the opening is an arc-shaped docking guide tube.
[0022] One end of the guide tube 2 is connected to the opening on the transfer crucible, and the other end is connected to the opening on the evaporation crucible. The center line of the guide tube 2 is 30-50 mm below the center line of the evaporation crucible, and the elevation angle is 10-20 degrees. Figure 3 As shown, the evaporation crucible is a horizontal cylindrical shape, and the center line is a line passing through the center of the circle and parallel to the horizontal direction.
[0023] The height of the flow guide pipe 1 is lower than that of the flow guide pipe 2.
[0024] When in use: Step 1: Build the outer wall of the twin-cell horizontal crucible furnace, the middle common partition wall, and pour the top of the outer wall; Step 2: According to the position of the condenser, confirm the height of the bottom support frame of the evaporation crucible, and keep the elevation angle of the air guide tube at 20-30 degrees; according to the height of the feeding platform, confirm the height of the high-alumina brick of the bottom support frame of the zinc ingot melting crucible and the transfer crucible, and keep the zinc ingot melting crucible and the transfer crucible higher than the feeding platform; install the zinc ingot melting crucible, the transfer crucible and the evaporation crucible on the bottom support frame; Step 3: Install the guide tube 1 connecting the zinc ingot melting crucible and the transfer crucible and the guide tube 2 connecting the transfer crucible and the evaporation crucible; Step 4: Fill the evaporation crucible with crude zinc; Step 5: Build the gap between the evaporation crucible and the surrounding wall, with the inner layer of high-alumina bricks and the outer layer of insulation bricks; seal the furnace door of the evaporation crucible; Step 6: Add materials into the zinc ingot melting crucible. After heating, observe the zinc-water level in the transfer crucible to determine whether there is zinc deficiency, zinc excess or high internal pressure, and adjust the process parameters accordingly.
[0025] Furthermore, when zinc is deficient, zinc vapor in the evaporation crucible flows back from the second guide pipe, and flames and white smoke are generated in the transfer crucible; when zinc is excessive or the internal pressure is high, the surface of the zinc liquid in the transfer crucible bulges.
[0026] Because the nozzles of each combustion system are set on both sides of the common partition wall, if twin cells are not set, the outer periphery of the partition wall must be built with light insulation bricks and insulation cotton, which will also cause heat loss, increase its gas consumption and increase costs. Twin cells are built separately, which wastes space and is too close. The higher the external temperature, the more inconvenience employees will have to operate.
[0027] The nozzles of each combustion system are arranged on both sides of the common partition wall, the control system is arranged at a position as far away from the heat source as possible, and the air supply mechanism of the combustion system, the gas pressure regulating system, etc. are arranged under the platform.
[0028] The height of the aluminum bricks placed under the zinc ingot melting crucible and the transfer crucible is adjusted according to the height of the zinc ingot melting crucible, the upper part of the transfer crucible and the feeding platform. The upper part of the zinc ingot melting crucible and the transfer crucible is 10-15mm higher than the feeding platform and shall not be lower than the feeding platform.
[0029] The height of the high-alumina bricks at the bottom of the evaporator crucible is determined by the opening position of the evaporator crucible gas guide pipe and the position of the condenser gas guide column. The gas guide pipe is installed at an angle of 20-30 degrees. The height of the high-alumina bricks at the bottom of the evaporator crucible is 20-30mm.
[0030] The guide tube 1 connecting the melting crucible and the transfer crucible is located at a position that is closest to the two and convenient for handling. The opening height is based on the diameter of the guide tube 1. For example, if the outer diameter is 8MM, the opening height of the two crucibles is 12-15mm and the opening width is 9-10mm. The bottom of the opening is processed into an arc shape for easy connection. The length of the guide tube 1 is adjusted according to the distance between the two crucibles.
[0031] Keep the guide tube submerged in zinc water. If it is not submerged in zinc water, the internal holes will become smaller and smaller due to the accumulation of impurities and the oxidation reaction of zinc water. The opening position of the second flow guide tube is at the position of the transfer crucible, closest to the evaporation crucible (it can also be close to the opening position of the evaporation crucible and the position of the first flow guide tube at the transfer crucible, about 90 degrees), the opening height is 7-9mm, and the opening width is 9-10mm. The other end is located at the evaporation crucible, and the center line of the flow guide tube is approximately 30-50mm below the center line of the evaporation crucible and at an angle of 10-20 degrees.
[0032] The opening height of transfer crucible guide tube 1 is deeper than that of guide tube 2, so that zinc water can completely submerge the inner hole of guide tube 1. If the opening height of guide tube 2 is deeper than that of guide tube 1, the inner hole of guide tube 1 will be exposed to the air. The later it is, the more likely the employees will be lazy and fail to operate, and the smaller the hole will be, so as to implement a fool-proof measure.
[0033] Observe the abnormality of the crucible through the zinc-water level in the transfer crucible and the internal temperature of the condenser. In the case of internal zinc deficiency, the zinc vapor in the evaporating crucible will flow back from the second guide tube, and flames and white smoke will be generated in the transfer crucible. In the case of severe zinc deficiency, the temperature of the condenser will drop rapidly. In the case of excessive zinc liquid or high internal pressure, the surface of the zinc liquid in the transfer crucible will form an outer circle, that is, the zinc liquid and the inside of the transfer crucible form an outer chamfer. Under normal circumstances, the surface of the zinc liquid is flat. There are two types of situations in which high internal pressure is generated. One is that the condenser pipe is blocked and the internal circulation air is not smooth. The other is that the air pipe is blocked. When in use, fill the evaporation crucible with zinc to reduce heat waste. A certain amount of heat is needed to melt the zinc ingot into zinc liquid and then evaporate it to form zinc vapor. During the heating process of the crucible, the heat generated is provided to the zinc ingot to melt and evaporate it. If the evaporation crucible is not filled with zinc, because the evaporation crucible is connected to the condenser, a closed space is formed inside. The higher the temperature, the greater the internal air pressure. When feeding is required, it cannot be fed normally due to the high internal pressure. The feeding amount for each shift is calculated based on the 24-hour output, and the feeding is evenly added with an interval of 20-30 minutes per trip. The temperature is adjusted according to the 24-hour output and quality. Under the premise of quality assurance, if the output does not meet the requirements, the temperature needs to be increased. The temperature should not be increased by more than 10-20 degrees each time. If the output is too high and the quality is poor, the temperature should be lowered.
Claims
1. A twin-cell horizontal crucible gasifier, characterized in that: The twin cells are two symmetrically arranged production devices with a common partition wall in the middle; each device is respectively equipped with a combustion system, and the zinc ingot melting crucible in each device is connected to the transfer crucible through a guide pipe 1, and then connected to the evaporation crucible through a guide pipe 2; the zinc ingot melting crucible and the transfer crucible are vertical cylindrical, and the evaporation crucible is horizontal cylindrical, and the evaporation crucible is sealed and connected to the condenser through an air guide pipe; the respective combustion systems are arranged on both sides of the common partition wall; the transfer crucible has an observation port.
2. The twin-cell horizontal crucible gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combustion system includes a nozzle, an air supply mechanism, a gas pressure regulating system and a control system. The nozzle is arranged on both sides of a common partition wall, the air supply mechanism and the gas pressure regulating system are arranged below the feeding platform, and the control system is arranged at a location far away from a heat source.
3. The twin-cell horizontal crucible gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The zinc ingot melting crucible, the transfer crucible and the evaporation crucible are adjusted in height through the bottom high-alumina brick support frame.
4. The twin-cell horizontal crucible gasifier according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper parts of the zinc ingot melting crucible and the transfer crucible are higher than the feeding platform; the height of the evaporation crucible is determined according to the opening position of the evaporation crucible air guide pipe and the position of the condenser air guide column, and the air guide pipe installation elevation angle is maintained at 20-30 degrees.
5. The twin-cell horizontal crucible gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide pipe has an outer diameter of 8 mm and connects the openings on the melting crucible and the transfer crucible. The bottom of the opening is an arc-shaped butt-jointed guide pipe.
6. The twin-cell horizontal crucible gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the second flow guide pipe is connected to the opening on the transfer crucible, and the other end is connected to the opening on the evaporation crucible. The center line of the second flow guide pipe is 30-50 mm below the center line of the evaporation crucible, and the elevation angle of the second flow guide pipe is 10-20 degrees.
7. The twin-cell horizontal crucible gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the flow guide pipe 1 is lower than that of the flow guide pipe 2.
8. A method for using a twin-cell horizontal crucible gasifier, using the twin-cell horizontal crucible gasifier according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Step 1: Build the outer wall and the middle common partition wall of the twin horizontal crucible furnace, and pour the top of the outer wall; Step 2: According to the position of the condenser, confirm the height of the bottom support frame of the evaporation crucible, and keep the elevation angle of the air guide tube at 20-30 degrees; according to the height of the feeding platform, confirm the height of the high-alumina brick of the bottom support frame of the zinc ingot melting crucible and the transfer crucible, and keep the zinc ingot melting crucible and the transfer crucible higher than the feeding platform; install the zinc ingot melting crucible, the transfer crucible and the evaporation crucible on the bottom support frame; Step 3: Install the guide tube 1 connecting the zinc ingot melting crucible and the transfer crucible and the guide tube 2 connecting the transfer crucible and the evaporation crucible; Step 4: Fill the evaporation crucible with crude zinc; Step 5: Build the gap between the evaporation crucible and the surrounding wall, with the inner layer of high-alumina bricks and the outer layer of insulation bricks; seal the furnace door of the evaporation crucible; Step 6: Add materials into the zinc ingot melting crucible. After heating, observe the zinc-water level in the transfer crucible to determine whether there is zinc deficiency, zinc excess or high internal pressure, and adjust the process parameters accordingly.
9. The method for using a twin-cell horizontal crucible gasifier according to claim 8, characterized in that: When zinc is insufficient, zinc vapor in the evaporation crucible flows back from the second guide pipe, and flames and white smoke are generated in the transfer crucible; when zinc is excessive or the internal pressure is high, the surface of the zinc liquid in the transfer crucible bulges.