Specific value monitor

Abstract

According to the ratio monitor, overflow parameter signals detected by the He sensor, the Ne sensor, the Ar sensor, the heat conduction sensor and the air pressure sensor under synchronous excitation are amplified by the two-stage amplifier, filtered by the four-order active low-pass filter, converted into current transmission by the U / I converter, converted into digital signals by the I / U converter and converted into digital signals by the A / D converter and then enter the single chip microcomputer; the single-chip microcomputer synchronously obtains the data, compensates the mean value of missing values, eliminates abnormities, and ensures the accuracy of the obtained data; a plurality of detectors form a detector array, overflow gas electric signals of a plurality of detection points are detected and transmitted to a monitoring end, and according to overflow gas parameter positions and water flow characteristics detected by adjacent detection points, abnormal points are removed, spatial overflow gas gradient vectors are calculated, a neural network is input, and a spatial overflow gas field is reconstructed. According to a preset model, each detection point and a plurality of detection points are analyzed, seismic source positioning is carried out, the seismic transmission direction is judged, a monitoring end can be combined with other detection points for analysis in the later period, and the reliability of warning is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of groundwater and overflow gas detection, and in particular relates to a ratio monitor. Background Art

[0002] Monitoring the dynamic changes of the total amount of gas and its components (He, Ne, Ar, He / Ne, He / Ar ratio, air pressure, temperature, etc.) in groundwater is one of the main methods and means for monitoring, predicting and studying earthquakes in underground fluids and lithosphere. A good wellbore (which can reflect and carry earthquake precursor information), a scientific wellhead gas-water separation and gas collection device and a high-performance measuring instrument are necessary for a complete high-quality monitoring. After selecting a good wellbore, the wellhead gas-water separation and gas collection device and the measuring instrument that constitute the groundwater gas monitoring system play an equally important role in obtaining high-quality observation results. The existing measuring instrument uses corresponding He, Ne, Ar and other sensors set in the wellhead gas-water separation and gas collection device. The sensor signal is connected to the host, and the host completes the K value and standardization processing through software, and then stores, displays and warns. However, the sensor signal is not conditioned, and there will be errors such as attenuation and interference. At the same time, it is a single-point measurement of the sensor signal, and there is no combined analysis of other detection points to filter and eliminate abnormal signals, so the reliability of the warning is not high. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a ratio monitor, which effectively solves the error and reliability problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] The technical solution is to include a He sensor, a Ne sensor, an Ar sensor, an air pressure sensor, a thermal conductivity sensor, a host, and a GPS communication module. The He sensor, the Ne sensor, and the Ar sensor respectively convert the He, Ne, and Ar concentration signals of the overflow gas into electrical signals. The overflow gas temperature signal detected by the thermal conductivity sensor and the overflow gas pressure signal detected by the air pressure sensor are all connected to the host. The host is a single-chip microcomputer as the core, and the K value processing and He / Ne and He / Ar ratio calculations are transmitted to the monitoring end through the GPS communication module.

[0005] Preferably, there are multiple detectors, which constitute a detector array. The electrical signals of the overflow gas detected at multiple detection points are transmitted to the monitoring end, which first obtains a gridded overflow gas parameter matrix and calculates the spatial overflow gas gradient vector. Secondly, the spatial overflow aura gradient vector is input into the neural network to reconstruct the spatial overflow aura field; Finally, the spatial overflow gas field is identified, the earthquake source is located according to the value of the electrical signal and the adjacent values, and the direction of earthquake transmission is determined. The earthquake source can be inferred and verified based on the detection point parameters and the transmission of the earthquake source in space.

[0006] Preferably, the electrical signal detected by the sensor is amplified and filtered by a signal conditioning circuit, and converted into a 4-20mA current signal by a U / I converter for transmission.

[0007] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: for detecting the gas overflow from groundwater, the He sensor, Ne sensor and Ar sensor are used to convert the concentration signals of He, Ne and Ar detected by the gas overflow into electrical signals, the temperature signal of the gas overflow detected by the heat conduction sensor and the pressure signal of the gas overflow detected by the pressure sensor respectively. The single chip microcomputer controls the synchronous excitation sampling of each sensor through the synchronous sampling switch, the two-stage amplifier performs amplification, the fourth-order active low-pass filter performs filtering, and finally the current is converted into a current through the U / I converter and then transmitted through the shielded line. The I / U converter is set at the single chip microcomputer end to convert the current signal into a voltage signal, and then the digital signal is converted into the digital signal through the A / D converter and enters the single chip microcomputer. The single chip microcomputer controls the synchronous acquisition through the synchronous time calibration, and can perform the mean compensation of the missing values ​​according to the historical measurement values. If the value exceeds 2 times of the mean value, the abnormality is eliminated to ensure the accuracy of the acquired data. There are multiple detectors, and the multiple detectors constitute a detector array. The electrical signals of the overflow gas detected at multiple detection points are transmitted to the monitoring end. The monitoring end first obtains a gridded overflow gas parameter matrix. For example, a thermal conductivity sensor detects the temperature of the overflow gas. According to the overflow gas parameter position and water flow characteristics detected by the adjacent detection points, the abnormal points of the electrical signal detected by the detector are eliminated, and the spatial overflow gas gradient vector is calculated; secondly, the spatial overflow gas gradient vector is input into the neural network to reconstruct the spatial overflow gas field; finally, the station computer analyzes each detection point and multiple detection points according to the preset model, locates the earthquake source, determines the direction of earthquake transmission, identifies the spatial overflow gas field, locates the earthquake source according to the size of the electrical signal, the trend of the size of the adjacent values, and the azimuth distribution, determines the direction of earthquake transmission, and can reversely deduce the earthquake source according to the detection point parameters and the transmission of the earthquake source in space, verify, and then warn, and combine other detection points for analysis to filter and eliminate abnormal signals, so that the reliability of the warning is high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] Figure 1 It is a block diagram of the single point detection of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0009] The technical solutions of various embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0010] The following is in conjunction with the instruction manual Figure 1 , the specific implementation modes of the present invention are further described in detail.

[0011] The ratio monitor includes a He sensor, a Ne sensor, an Ar sensor, a pressure sensor, a thermal conductivity sensor, a host, and a GPS communication module. Each sensor is placed in a gas-water separation and gas collection device at the wellhead. The He sensor, the Ne sensor, and the Ar sensor convert the He, Ne, and Ar concentration signals of the overflow gas into electrical signals respectively. The overflow gas temperature signal detected by the thermal conductivity sensor and the overflow gas pressure signal detected by the pressure sensor are all connected to the host. The host is a single-chip microcomputer as the core. K value processing, He / Ne, He / Ar ratio calculation are transmitted to the monitoring end through the GPS communication module. The He sensor, the Ne sensor, and the Ar sensor use thermal conductivity gas sensitive chips. In order to truly measure and reflect the signals obtained by the sensors, it is necessary to amplify the weak signals mixed with noise, filter and other conditioning, so as to obtain signals that can provide A / D input for the single-chip microcomputer. The following amplifier amplification, filtering, and U / I converter principles are all suitable for Each sensor application, such as using TCS208F for He detection, adopts advanced silicon MEMS technology, with small size, low cost, low power consumption, small time constant, strong impact resistance and other characteristics. The sensor contains a silicon chip inside, on which there is a thin film of about 1mm in size made of a material with good electrical and thermal isolation properties. Two resistors are integrated on the back film to heat the film and measure the film temperature T. The resistors and their leads have been passivated to avoid slow corrosion by gas. The film is completely covered by the silicon chip in the square space above. The square space is the thermal conductivity sensing area. The gas to be measured can be expanded from the side opening. The solid part of the amplifier is used to measure and compensate for the ambient temperature effect. The amplifier of the present application adopts a two-stage amplifier consisting of an input stage amplifier and an output stage amplifier for amplification. Since each stage has its own error source and the input stage has a greater effect on the error, the input stage amplifier is provided with a zero adjustment resistor, and the zero deviation resistor method is used to achieve the zero adjustment of the input stage amplifier such as OPA27. After amplification, it enters the output stage amplifier and adopts the INA122 operational amplifier for amplification. It is filtered by a fourth-order active low-pass filter to avoid the influence of high-frequency signals introduced by each link, and finally passes through U / I The converter converts the current into current and transmits it to the single-chip microcomputer. Specifically, the shielded wire is used for transmission. In addition, since this circuit is a low-frequency circuit, the shielded wire is single-ended grounded to prevent the screen layer from forming a noise ground loop and generating noise current. This is amplified, filtered, and converted into a 4-20mA current signal for transmission and conditioning to reduce the sensor measurement error. An I / U converter is set on the single-chip microcomputer end to convert the current signal into a voltage signal, which is then converted into a digital signal through A / D and enters the single-chip microcomputer. The missing value can be compensated for the mean value based on the historical measurement value, and the abnormal value is eliminated if it exceeds 2 times the mean value to ensure the accuracy of the acquired data. There are multiple detectors, which form a detector array. The electrical signals of the overflow gas detected at multiple detection points are transmitted to the monitoring end (computer, tablet, etc. of the remote seismic station). The monitoring end first obtains a gridded overflow gas parameter matrix. For example, a thermal conductivity sensor detects the temperature of the overflow gas. According to the overflow gas parameter position and water flow characteristics detected at adjacent detection points, the electrical signals detected by the detector are subjected to abnormal point elimination, and the spatial overflow gas gradient vector is calculated. Secondly, the spatial overflow gas gradient vector is input into the neural network to reconstruct the spatial overflow gas field. The specific method can refer to the method of heat source positioning; Finally, the station computer analyzes each detection point and multiple detection points according to the preset model, locates the earthquake source, determines the direction of earthquake transmission, identifies the spatial overflow gas field, locates the earthquake source according to the value of the electrical signal, the trend of the size of the adjacent values, and the azimuth distribution, and determines the direction of earthquake transmission. It can also reversely infer the earthquake source based on the detection point parameters and the transmission of the earthquake source in space, verify it, and then issue an alarm, and combine with other detection point analysis to filter and eliminate abnormal signals, so the reliability of the alarm is high.

[0012] On the basis of the above scheme, an LCD display is also provided at the detection microcontroller end. The microcontroller dynamically indicates the overflow gas parameters and earthquake early warning according to the sensor signal and the signal transmitted from the monitoring end through the GPS communication module.

[0013] On the basis of the above scheme, the detector array adopts an adaptive extended Kalman filter algorithm to perform real-time relative posture positioning and calibration; The single chip microcomputer controls the synchronous excitation sampling of each sensor through the synchronous sampling switch, and the synchronous time calibration circuit controls the synchronous acquisition. For example, the time is calibrated according to the transmission delay caused by the position deviation of the detection point layout, and the time can also be calibrated through a software program, which is used to obtain electrical signals in real time, synchronously and accurately.

[0014] Based on the above scheme, the obtaining of the gridded space overflow gas-electric signal matrix and the calculation of the space overflow gas-electric signal gradient vector include: obtaining the gridded space overflow gas-electric signal matrix based on synchronous excitation sampling; Based on the spatial temperature matrix, the numerical calculation is carried out by discretization, and the spatial overflow gas-electric signal gradient vector is calculated through three-dimensional discrete cosine Fourier transform processing.

[0015] The working principle of the present invention is to detect the gas overflow from groundwater by using He sensor, Ne sensor and Ar sensor to detect the He, Ne and Ar of the gas overflow respectively. The concentration signal is converted into an electrical signal, the overflow gas temperature signal detected by the heat conduction sensor, and the overflow gas pressure signal detected by the pressure sensor. The single-chip microcomputer controls the synchronous excitation sampling of each sensor through the synchronous sampling switch. First, an amplifier is used for amplification. Specifically, a two-stage amplifier consisting of an input stage amplifier and an output stage amplifier is used for amplification. Since each stage has its own error source, and the input stage has a greater effect on the error, the input stage amplifier is provided with a zero adjustment resistor. The zero deviation resistor method is used to achieve the zero adjustment of the input stage amplifier such as OPA27. After amplification, it enters the output stage amplifier and is amplified by the INA122 operational amplifier. It is filtered by a fourth-order active low-pass filter to avoid the influence of high-frequency signals introduced by each link. Finally, it is converted into current by a U / I converter and transmitted by a shielded line. An I / U converter is set at the single-chip microcomputer end to convert the current signal into a voltage signal, and then converted into a digital signal by A / D and enters the single-chip microcomputer. The single-chip microcomputer controls the synchronous acquisition through the synchronous time calibration circuit, which is used to obtain electrical signals in real time, synchronously and accurately. It can also compensate for the mean of missing values ​​according to historical measurement values. If it exceeds 2 times the mean, it will be eliminated to ensure the accuracy of the acquired data. There are multiple detectors, which form a detector array. The electrical signals of the overflow gas detected at multiple detection points are transmitted to the monitoring end. The monitoring end first obtains a gridded overflow gas parameter matrix. For example, a thermal conductivity sensor detects the temperature of the overflow gas. According to the overflow gas parameter position and water flow characteristics detected at adjacent detection points, the electrical signals detected by the detector are subjected to abnormal point elimination, and the spatial overflow gas gradient vector is calculated. Secondly, the spatial overflow gas gradient vector is input into the neural network to reconstruct the spatial overflow gas field. The specific method can refer to the method of heat source positioning; Finally, the station computer analyzes each detection point and multiple detection points according to the preset model, locates the earthquake source, determines the direction of earthquake transmission, identifies the spatial overflow gas field, locates the earthquake source according to the value of the electrical signal, the trend of the size of the adjacent values, and the azimuth distribution, and determines the direction of earthquake transmission. It can also reversely infer the earthquake source based on the detection point parameters and the transmission of the earthquake source in space, verify it, and then issue an alarm, and combine with other detection point analysis to filter and eliminate abnormal signals, so the reliability of the alarm is high.

Claims

1. A ratio monitor, comprising a He sensor, a Ne sensor, an Ar sensor, an air pressure sensor, a thermal conductivity sensor, a host, and a GPS communication module, characterized in that: The He sensor, Ne sensor and Ar sensor respectively convert the He, Ne and Ar concentration signals of the overflow gas into electrical signals. The thermal conductivity sensor detects the overflow gas temperature signal and the pressure sensor detects the overflow gas pressure signal. They are all connected to the host. The host is a single-chip microcomputer as the core. The K value processing and He / Ne and He / Ar ratio calculations are transmitted to the monitoring end through the GPS communication module.

2. The ratio monitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple detectors, which form a detector array. The electrical signals of the overflow gas detected at multiple detection points are transmitted to the monitoring end. The monitoring end first obtains the gridded overflow gas parameter matrix and calculates the spatial overflow gas gradient vector. Secondly, the spatial overflow aura gradient vector is input into the neural network to reconstruct the spatial overflow aura field; Finally, the spatial overflow gas field is identified, the earthquake source is located according to the value of the electrical signal and the adjacent values, and the direction of earthquake transmission is determined. The earthquake source can be inferred and verified based on the detection point parameters and the transmission of the earthquake source in space.

3. The ratio monitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrical signal detected by the sensor is amplified and filtered by the signal conditioning circuit, and converted into a 4-20mA current signal by a U / I converter for transmission.

4. The ratio monitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single chip microcomputer is provided with an I / U converter to convert the current signal into a voltage signal, which is then converted into a digital signal through A / D and enters the single chip microcomputer.

5. The ratio monitor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The amplifier is a two-stage amplifier consisting of an input stage amplifier and an output stage amplifier; The input stage amplifier is provided with a zero adjustment resistor; The filtering is a fourth-order active low-pass filter.

6. The ratio monitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a display that dynamically indicates overflow gas parameters and earthquake early warning.

7. The ratio monitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrical signals detected by the multiple detectors are subjected to elimination of abnormal points according to the detected overflow gas parameter positions and water flow characteristics.

8. The ratio monitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detector array uses an adaptive extended Kalman filter algorithm to perform real-time relative posture positioning and calibration; The single chip microcomputer controls the synchronous excitation sampling of each sensor via the synchronous sampling switch, and the synchronous time calibration circuit controls the synchronous acquisition, so as to acquire the electrical signal in real time, synchronously and accurately.

9. The ratio monitor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The obtaining of the gridded spatial overflow gas-electric signal matrix and the calculation of the spatial overflow gas-electric signal gradient vector include: obtaining the gridded spatial overflow gas-electric signal matrix based on synchronous excitation sampling; Based on the spatial temperature matrix, the numerical calculation is carried out by discretization, and the spatial overflow gas-electric signal gradient vector is calculated through three-dimensional discrete cosine Fourier transform processing.

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