World university ranking measuring and calculating method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of university ranking algorithms, and particularly relates to a world university ranking calculation method. Comprising the following steps: S1, collecting university data information; s2, constructing a university talent inflow model, wherein the talent inflow quantity is in positive correlation with the initial ranking data; s3, calculating the ratio of the initial ranking data of each university in different stages to the total number of universities participating in ranking in different stages, wherein the ratio is normalized ranking data; and S4, calculating the real ranking of each university: setting weights for the normalized ranking of each university in different stages, setting weights for the employment ability of the university employment graduates and the ability of attracting international students, calculating the sum of different indexes endowed with the weights as a standardized score, and obtaining the real ranking of each university according to the standardized score. The standardized score is in negative correlation with the real ranking. The method pays attention to overall evaluation of academic attraction of colleges and universities, and has more important reference significance for school selection of students.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of university ranking algorithms, and in particular relates to a method for calculating world university rankings. Background Art

[0002] In today's macro environment and competitive academic system, the discussion on "what kind of university can be called a good university" is becoming increasingly intense, and the world university ranking system supported by different standards has also attracted widespread attention from stakeholders. All parties use the world university rankings to accumulate advantages, university leaders conduct active marketing through public opinion propaganda, and university faculty and student groups also refer to the world university rankings to make further academic choices.

[0003] The current mainstream university rankings mainly focus on the academic output of universities, generally considering the publication and citation rates of academic achievements as important objective indicators, while also including some subjective indicators mainly for measuring various reputations.

[0004] Discussions on the shortcomings of mainstream university rankings mainly revolve around redundant indicators, insufficient attention to humanities and social sciences, and inaccurate assessments of the comprehensive strength of Chinese universities. At the same time, mainstream university rankings do not pay enough attention to the most important evaluation factor for "good universities" - the concentration of talent. Furthermore, mainstream rankings lack consideration from the perspective of students, especially those who are interested in academic research.

[0005] Mainstream university rankings now pay special attention to the evaluation of academic output. Although academic quality is an important reflection of the overall level of a university, the essence of a university is first and foremost a higher education institution, which needs to pay attention to the quality of teaching. However, existing university rankings do not maintain a good balance between academic quality and higher education. Scientific research is usually the main consideration, while teaching quality should be an important part of the university ranking evaluation criteria, which is often overlooked.

[0006] The measurement method of mainstream university rankings has also given higher education institutions a wrong direction to a certain extent. In particular, this measurement standard encourages universities to focus on the publication of papers to improve their rankings, while ignoring the application value of teaching and scientific research; it makes students blind and inefficient in choosing schools, and unable to determine the teaching quality of schools based on the existing mainstream university rankings.

[0007] In order to make up for the shortcomings of mainstream rankings and quantify the academic attractiveness of universities to students who are interested in engaging in academic research, a new method for measuring the world university rankings is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0008] In order to solve technical problems: mainstream university rankings are not comprehensive enough and cannot effectively reflect the teaching quality of universities, resulting in low efficiency and blindness in school selection during the master's degree selection stage, doctoral degree selection stage, and doctoral employment selection stage.

[0009] The present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0010] A method for calculating world university rankings comprises the following steps:

[0011] Step S1, university data information collection: specifically, collecting the number of people at the undergraduate stage, master's stage, doctoral stage, and doctoral students' employment stage;

[0012] Step S2, construction of university talent inflow model: according to the collected university data information, the number of talent inflows of each university in the master's degree selection stage, the doctoral degree selection stage or the doctoral employment selection stage is calculated, and then the initial ranking of each university at different stages is obtained according to the number of talent inflows of each university in the master's degree selection stage, the doctoral degree selection stage or the doctoral employment selection stage. The number of talent inflows is positively correlated with the initial ranking data;

[0013] Step S3, calculating the normalized ranking of each university at each stage: using the initial ranking data of each university at the master's degree selection stage, the doctoral degree selection stage or the doctoral employment selection stage in step S2, calculate the ratio of the initial ranking data of each university at different stages to the total number of universities participating in the ranking at different stages, and the ratio is the normalized ranking data of each university at the master's degree selection stage, the doctoral degree selection stage or the doctoral employment selection stage;

[0014] Step S4, obtaining the true ranking of each university: including setting weights for the normalized rankings of each university at different stages, and setting weights for the employability of university graduates and the ability to attract international students, obtaining the sum of the weighted indicators as a standardized score, and obtaining the true ranking of each university based on the standardized score, and the standardized score is negatively correlated with the true ranking.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S2, the formula for calculating the number of talents flowing into each university during the master's degree selection stage, doctoral degree selection stage or doctoral employment selection stage is:

[0016]

[0017] n is the number of universities participating in the comparative university rankings. The codes given to the n universities participating in the comparative university rankings are 1, 2, 3…n. Taking university i as an example, W iis the number of talents flowing into university i, and the number of undergraduates, masters or doctoral students of university i studying for a master's degree, a doctoral student or working in university j is x ij , the number of people who studied at university j but entered university i to pursue a master's degree, a doctorate or work is x ji , then, W ij =x ji -x ji , represents the difference in the number of talent flows between university i and university j, i = 1, 2, 3…n, j = 1, 2, 3…n.

[0018] Furthermore, if W ij > 0, i is a university with a net inflow of talent; if W ij = 0, i university and j university are at the same level; if W ij <0, i is a university with a net outflow of talent.

[0019] Furthermore, in the formula for calculating the number of talent inflows, if the subject is undergraduate students, then W i is the ability to attract undergraduate candidates; if the subject is a master's student, then W i is the ability to attract master's candidates; if the subject is a doctoral student, then W i It is the ability to attract PhD candidates;

[0020] Compare the number of talents inflow of each university at the master's degree selection stage, doctoral degree selection stage or doctoral employment selection stage W1, W2, W3...W n , if W1>W2>W3……>W n , then the initial ranking of the university is: R1 = 1, R2 = 2, R3 = 3…R n =n, R i is the initial ranking of universities, i=1,2,3…n.

[0021] Furthermore, according to the formula for calculating the number of talent inflows, the initial rankings of universities based on the master's degree selection stage, doctoral degree selection stage, and doctoral employment selection stage are obtained, respectively. k 、F k , O k , k = 1, 2, 3 ... n,

[0022] I k represents the initial ranking of the k-th university according to the master's degree selection stage;

[0023] F k represents the initial ranking of the kth university according to the doctoral selection stage;

[0024] Ok represents the ranking of the k-th university calculated based on the doctoral employment selection stage.

[0025] Furthermore, in step S3, the normalized ranking of universities at various stages is calculated, including:

[0026] Master of Computing Selection Phase Initial Ranking I k The ratio of the number of universities participating in the comparative university ranking is M k ,

[0027] Calculate the initial ranking F for the doctoral selection phase k The ratio of the number of universities participating in the comparative university ranking is D k ,

[0028] Calculate the ranking of master and doctoral students in the employment selection stage k The ratio of the number of universities participating in the comparative university ranking is E. k ,

[0029] M k , D k 、E k It is the normalized ranking of each university at each stage, which serves as an indicator for calculating the true ranking of the university.

[0030] Furthermore, the indicators used to calculate the true ranking of universities include: the percentage of international undergraduate and graduate students in the university among all students; k , representing its ability to attract international students; and the percentage of employed graduates from the university Y k , representing the employability of college graduates.

[0031] Furthermore, in step S4, the real ranking of each university is obtained, including:

[0032] The weight of the ability to attract undergraduate candidates is set as c1, the weight of the ability to attract master's candidates is set as c2, the weight of the ability to attract doctoral candidates is set as c3, the weight of the employability of college graduates is set as c4; the weight of the ability to attract international students is set as c5,

[0033] S k =c1M k +c2D k +c3E k +c4G k +c5Y k , S k is the standardized score of each k-th university, S k The smaller it is, the higher the university's true ranking.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] (1) The present invention uses the academic attractiveness for undergraduates, the academic attractiveness for master's students and the employment competitiveness of doctoral students as indicators, and constructs a university ranking model. The number of undergraduate / master's / doctoral students studying for a master's degree / doctoral degree / working in the university is used as a data source, and then an algorithm is used to obtain a true ranking of the university. The calculated ranking data is then used to calculate the average score and standardized score of the university through an algorithm, thereby providing a reference for students to choose a school and avoiding blind and inefficient school selection.

[0037] (2) The present invention attaches importance to the overall evaluation of the academic attractiveness of universities, which undoubtedly has a more important reference significance for students' school selection. In addition, for the universities themselves, through this ranking algorithm, the relevant colleges can more intuitively see their ability to attract talents, clarify their own positioning, and formulate and implement relevant policies in the future. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of the method for calculating the world university rankings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are not all embodiments of the present invention, and all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for calculating the world university rankings, comprising the following steps:

[0041] Step S1, university data information collection: specifically, the number of people at the undergraduate stage, master's stage, doctoral stage, and doctoral students' employment stage.

[0042] The number of people at the undergraduate, master and doctoral levels, as well as the number of doctoral students at the employed stage, are collected from n universities, where n is the number of universities participating in the comparative university ranking.

[0043] Step S2, construction of university talent inflow model: calculate the number of talent inflows of each university at the master's degree selection stage, doctoral degree selection stage or doctoral employment selection stage based on the collected university data information, and then obtain the initial ranking of each university at different stages based on the number of talent inflows of each university at the master's degree selection stage, doctoral degree selection stage or doctoral employment selection stage. The number of talent inflows is positively correlated with the initial ranking data.

[0044] The formula for calculating the number of talents flowing into each university during the master's degree selection stage, doctoral degree selection stage or doctoral employment selection stage is:

[0045]

[0046] n is the number of universities participating in the comparative university rankings. The codes given to the n universities participating in the comparative university rankings are 1, 2, 3…n. Taking university i as an example, W i is the number of talents flowing into university i, and the number of undergraduates, masters or doctoral students of university i studying for a master's degree, a doctoral student or working in university j is x ij , the number of people who studied at university j but entered university i to pursue a master's degree, a doctorate or work is x ji , then, W ij =x ji -x ji , represents the difference in the number of talent flows between university i and university j, i = 1, 2, 3…n, j = 1, 2, 3…n.

[0047] Then, if W ij > 0, i is a university with a net inflow of talent; if W ij = 0, i university and j university are at the same level; if W ij <0, i is a university with a net outflow of talent.

[0048] If the subjects are only undergraduates, then W i is the ability to attract undergraduate candidates, x ij is the number of undergraduate students from university i who are pursuing a master's degree at university j, x ji is the number of undergraduate students in university j who enter university i to pursue a master's degree;

[0049] If the subject is a master's student, then W i It is the ability to attract master's candidates, x ij is the number of master's students from university i who are pursuing doctoral degrees at university j, x ji is the number of students who were studying for a master's degree at university j but entered university i to pursue a doctorate degree;

[0050] If the subject is a doctoral student, then W i is the ability to attract PhD candidates, x ij The number of PhD students from university i working at university j, x ji The number of people who were doctoral students in university j but worked in university i;

[0051] Compare W1, W2, W3…W n , if W1>W2>W3……>W n , then the university ranking rule is: R1=1,R2=2,R3=3…R n =n, R i is the university ranking, i=1,2,3…n.

[0052] According to the formula for calculating the number of talent inflows, the initial rankings of universities based on the master's degree selection stage, doctoral degree selection stage, and doctoral employment selection stage are obtained as follows: k 、F k , O k , k=1,2,3…n,I k represents the initial ranking of the k-th university according to the master's degree selection stage;

[0053] F k represents the initial ranking of the kth university according to the doctoral selection stage;

[0054] O k represents the ranking of the k-th university calculated based on the doctoral employment selection stage.

[0055] Use the ratio of international undergraduate and graduate students to all students in the institution. k , to represent its ability to attract international students.

[0056] Step S3, calculating the normalized ranking of each university at each stage: using the initial ranking data of each university at the master's degree selection stage, the doctoral degree selection stage or the doctoral employment selection stage in step S2, calculate the ratio of the initial ranking data of each university at different stages to the total number of universities participating in the ranking at different stages, and the ratio is the normalized ranking data of each university at the master's degree selection stage, the doctoral degree selection stage or the doctoral employment selection stage;

[0057] Calculate normalized rankings for universities at all levels, including:

[0058] Master of Computing Selection Phase Initial Ranking I k The ratio of the number of universities participating in the comparative university ranking is M k ,

[0059] Calculate the initial ranking F for the doctoral selection phase k The ratio of the number of universities participating in the comparative university ranking is D k ,

[0060] Calculate the ranking of master and doctoral students in the employment selection stage k The ratio of the number of universities participating in the comparative university ranking is E. k ,

[0061] M k , D k 、E k It is the normalized ranking of each university at each stage, which serves as an indicator for calculating the true ranking of the university.

[0062] Step S4, obtaining the true ranking of each university: including setting weights for the normalized rankings of each university at different stages, and setting weights for the employability of university graduates and the ability to attract international students, obtaining the sum of the weighted indicators as a standardized score, and obtaining the true ranking of each university based on the standardized score, and the standardized score is negatively correlated with the true ranking.

[0063] Other indicators for calculating the true ranking of universities include: the number of international undergraduate and graduate students in the university as a percentage of all students; k , representing its ability to attract international students; and the percentage of employed graduates from the university Y k , representing the employability of college graduates.

[0064] Set the weight of the ability to attract undergraduate candidates to c1, the weight of the ability to attract master's candidates to c2, the weight of the ability to attract doctoral candidates to c3, the weight of the employability of college graduates to c4; the weight of the ability to attract international students to c5, and calculate the true standardized scores of each university:

[0065] S k =c1M k +c2D k +c3E k +c4G k +c5Y k , S k is the standardized score of each k-th university, S k The smaller it is, the higher the university's true ranking.

[0067] Recommended settings:

[0068] The weight c1 of the ability to attract undergraduate candidates is 0.2,

[0069] The weight c2 of the ability to attract master's candidates is 0.2,

[0070] The weight c3 for the ability to attract PhD candidates is 0.1,

[0071] The weight c4 of the employability of college graduates is 0.4.

[0072] The weight c5 for the ability to attract international students is 0.1.

[0073] Example

[0074] Data from Chinese universities were selected to implement the above method. In 1995, the Chinese government proposed the construction of about 100 universities and several key disciplines in the 21st century, which was the most important and highest level key construction work initiated by the state in China's higher education sector (Zhang et al. 2013).

[0075] With the support of the national and local governments, the 116 universities included in the "211" project have continuously improved their hardware facilities and school operation standards, and their reputation and status have continued to rise (Choi, 2010). At present, most of the universities included in the "211" project have become world-class universities.

[0076] In order to facilitate comparison, in the ranking of Chinese universities, the proportion of students from the "211" project was added to the indicator system to make the ranking more in line with the actual situation of Chinese universities. After adding the proportion of students from the "211" project colleges, 88 Chinese research universities with good education standards, good reputations and global influence were selected.

[0077] During the data collection process, the academic resumes of these 88 research universities were manually collected using Python and the Descendant Collector. The information extracted from the resumes includes information at the undergraduate, master's and doctoral levels. Then, the new measurement method was used to rank these universities. It is worth noting that the revised indicator system includes two first-level indicators, five second-level indicators and eight third-level indicators. The weight table of Chinese research university A is shown in Table 1, where the second-level indicators are new indicators included after using the measurement method of the present invention.

[0078] Table 1

[0079]

[0080] The above technical features constitute the best embodiment of the present invention, which has strong adaptability and best implementation effect. Non-essential technical features can be added or reduced according to actual needs to meet the needs of different situations.

[0081] Finally, it should be noted that the above content is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Simple modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solution of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field do not deviate from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for calculating world university rankings, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, university data information collection: specifically, collecting the number of people at the undergraduate stage, master's stage, doctoral stage, and doctoral students' employment stage; Step S2, construction of university talent inflow model: according to the collected university data information, the number of talent inflows of each university in the master's degree selection stage, the doctoral degree selection stage or the doctoral employment selection stage is calculated, and then the initial ranking of each university at different stages is obtained according to the number of talent inflows of each university in the master's degree selection stage, the doctoral degree selection stage or the doctoral employment selection stage. The number of talent inflows is positively correlated with the initial ranking data; Step S3, calculating the normalized ranking of each university at each stage: using the initial ranking data of each university at the master's degree selection stage, the doctoral degree selection stage or the doctoral employment selection stage in step S2, calculate the ratio of the initial ranking data of each university at different stages to the total number of universities participating in the ranking at different stages, and the ratio is the normalized ranking data of each university at the master's degree selection stage, the doctoral degree selection stage or the doctoral employment selection stage; Step S4, obtaining the true ranking of each university: including setting weights for the normalized rankings of each university at different stages, and setting weights for the employability of university graduates and the ability to attract international students, obtaining the sum of the weighted indicators as a standardized score, and obtaining the true ranking of each university based on the standardized score, and the standardized score is negatively correlated with the true ranking.

2. The calculation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the formula for calculating the number of talents flowing into each university during the master's degree selection stage, doctoral degree selection stage or doctoral employment selection stage is: n is the number of universities participating in the comparative university rankings. The codes given to the n universities participating in the comparative university rankings are 1, 2, 3…n. Taking university i as an example, W i is the number of talents flowing into university i, and the number of undergraduates, masters or doctoral students of university i studying for a master's degree, a doctoral student or working in university j is x ij , the number of people who studied at university j but entered university i to pursue a master's degree, a doctorate or work is x ji , then, W ij =x ji -x ji , represents the difference in the number of talent flows between university i and university j, i = 1, 2, 3…n, j = 1, 2, 3…n.

3. The calculation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: If W ij > 0, i is a university with a net inflow of talent; if W ij = 0, i university and j university are at the same level; if W ij <0, i is a university with a net outflow of talent.

4. The calculation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S2, in the formula for calculating the number of talent inflows, if the subject is an undergraduate, then W i is the ability to attract undergraduate candidates; if the subject is a master's student, then W i is the ability to attract master's candidates; if the subject is a doctoral student, then W i It is the ability to attract PhD candidates; Compare the number of talents inflow of each university at the master's degree selection stage, doctoral degree selection stage or doctoral employment selection stage W1, W2, W3...W n , if W1>W2>W3……>W n , then the initial ranking of the university is: R1 = 1, R2 = 2, R3 = 3…R n =n, R i is the initial ranking of universities, i=1,2,3…n.

5. The calculation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: According to the formula for calculating the number of talent inflows, the initial rankings of universities based on the master's degree selection stage, doctoral degree selection stage, and doctoral employment selection stage are obtained as follows: k 、F k , O k , k = 1, 2, 3 ... n, I k represents the initial ranking of the k-th university according to the master's degree selection stage; F k represents the initial ranking of the k-th university according to the doctoral selection stage; O k represents the ranking of the k-th university calculated based on the doctoral employment selection stage.

6. The calculation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S3, the normalized ranking of universities at various stages is calculated, including: Master of Computing Selection Phase Initial Ranking I k The ratio of the number of universities participating in the comparative university ranking is M k , Calculate the initial ranking F for the doctoral selection phase k The ratio of the number of universities participating in the comparative university ranking is D k , Calculate the ranking of master and doctoral students in the employment selection stage k The ratio of the number of universities participating in the comparative university ranking is E. k , M k , D k 、E k It is the normalized ranking of each university at each stage, which serves as an indicator for calculating the true ranking of the university.

7. The calculation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S4, the indicators for calculating the true ranking of universities also include: the percentage of international undergraduate and graduate students in all students in the university is G k , representing its ability to attract international students; and the percentage of employed graduates from the university Y k , representing the employability of college graduates.

8. The calculation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S4, Set the weight of the ability to attract undergraduate candidates to c1, the weight of the ability to attract master's candidates to c2, the weight of the ability to attract doctoral candidates to c3, the weight of the employability of college graduates to c4; the weight of the ability to attract international students to c5, and calculate the true standardized scores of each university: S k =c1M k +c2D k +c3E k +c4G k +c5Y k , S k is the standardized score of each k-th university, S k The smaller it is, the higher the university's true ranking.

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