Fuel cell stack shell and fuel cell stack system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells and discloses a fuel cell stack shell and a fuel cell stack system.The fuel cell stack shell comprises a shell body, a cover plate, a sealing gasket, a waterproof ventilation valve and an anti-explosion valve, the shell body is of a structure with one end open, and the shell body is used for containing a fuel cell stack; the cover plate is arranged on the opening of the shell body in a covering manner; the sealing gasket is arranged between the cover plate and the shell body and abuts against the shell body and the cover plate. The waterproof ventilation valve is arranged on the shell body and / or the cover plate and used for exhausting gas in the shell body and preventing external water vapor from entering the shell body. The anti-explosion valve is arranged on the shell body and / or the cover plate and used for being opened when the internal pressure of the shell body exceeds a safety threshold value and releasing the pressure in the shell body. The fuel cell stack shell provided by the invention causes the stack to have the advantages of high use safety and high reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular to a fuel cell stack casing and a fuel cell stack system. Background Art

[0002] As the world pays more and more attention to clean energy and environmental protection, fuel cells, as an efficient, zero-emission energy conversion technology, have received widespread attention and rapid development. However, there are some safety risks in the operation of fuel cell stacks, especially the leakage of hydrogen. Therefore, controlling the hydrogen concentration inside the fuel cell stack shell and ensuring the safe operation of the product are key challenges in the development of fuel cell technology.

[0003] The stacking and assembly method of the fuel cell stack causes hydrogen to leak slowly inside the stack. Each single cell is connected by a sealing gasket, and it is inevitable that small molecules of hydrogen will leak at the gasket. In the related technology, in order to discharge the leaked hydrogen, a waterproof and breathable valve is set on the shell of the fuel cell stack. On the basis of ensuring the waterproof and dustproof IP67 requirements of the fuel cell stack shell, the hydrogen inside the shell can be effectively discharged to the outside of the shell, thereby improving the safety of the fuel cell stack. However, when the fuel cell stack loses control under extreme conditions and generates a large amount of overpressure, the waterproof and breathable valve cannot cope with this risk, resulting in poor safety and reliability of the stack. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent. To this end, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fuel cell stack housing and a fuel cell stack system with high safety and reliability.

[0005] The fuel cell stack shell of the present invention includes a shell body, a cover plate, a sealing gasket, a waterproof and breathable valve and an explosion-proof valve. The shell body is an open structure at one end, and the shell body is used to accommodate the fuel cell stack; the cover plate is installed on the opening of the shell body; the sealing gasket is arranged between the cover plate and the shell body and abuts against the shell body and the cover plate respectively; the waterproof and breathable valve is arranged on the shell body and / or the cover plate, and is used to discharge the gas in the shell body and prevent external water vapor from entering the shell body; the explosion-proof valve is arranged on the shell body and / or the cover plate, and is used to open when the internal pressure of the shell body exceeds the safety threshold, and release the pressure in the shell body.

[0006] In some embodiments, the waterproof breathable valve and the explosion-proof valve are both arranged on the side panel of the shell body.

[0007] In some embodiments, the waterproof breathable valve and / or the explosion-proof valve are arranged adjacent to the top of the shell body.

[0008] In some embodiments, the height of the shell body is H, and the distance from the waterproof breathable valve and the explosion-proof valve to the top of the shell body is h, wherein 1 / 5H≤h≤1 / 2H.

[0009] In some embodiments, the explosion-proof valve is at a distance L from the fuel cell stack in the shell body, where L≥5 mm.

[0010] In some embodiments, the shell body includes a first long side panel and a second long side panel opposite to each other along its width direction, and the shell body also includes a first short side panel and a second short side panel opposite to each other along its length direction, at least one of the first long side panel and the second long side panel is provided with an inspection port, and the inspection port is provided with an inspection cover, and the inspection cover is detachably connected to the shell body.

[0011] In some embodiments, a mounting through hole is opened on one of the first long side plate and the second long side plate, and a hydrogen concentration sensor is provided on the mounting through hole. The detection end of the hydrogen concentration sensor extends into the shell body, and the hydrogen concentration sensor is used to be connected to a monitoring system to monitor the hydrogen concentration in the shell body.

[0012] In some embodiments, the number of the waterproof breathable valves and the number of the explosion-proof valves is plural, and the number of the waterproof breathable valves is greater than the number of the explosion-proof valves.

[0013] In some embodiments, the explosion-proof valve is a spring-loaded explosion-proof valve or a thimble-type explosion-proof valve.

[0014] The fuel cell stack system of the present invention comprises a fuel cell stack shell and a fuel cell stack, wherein the fuel cell stack shell is the fuel cell stack shell described in any of the above embodiments; the fuel cell stack is arranged in the shell body.

[0015] When the fuel cell stack housing of the embodiment of the present invention is in use, by setting a waterproof and breathable valve, it can ensure the waterproof and dustproof requirements of the fuel cell stack housing, and at the same time discharge the hydrogen inside the shell body, reducing the risk caused by hydrogen leakage, which is conducive to improving the long-term operation reliability of the fuel cell stack. In addition, the waterproof and breathable valve can also prevent external water vapor from entering the housing, maintain a dry environment inside the stack, and help extend the service life of the stack. By setting an explosion-proof valve, when the internal pressure of the fuel cell stack housing exceeds the safety threshold, the explosion-proof valve can automatically open to release the pressure in the housing, thereby effectively avoiding the safety risks caused by excessive internal pressure and improving the safety of the product. When the stack is in extreme working conditions, such as when a large amount of overpressure is generated due to loss of control, the explosion-proof valve can respond quickly, release the pressure, and ensure the safety of the stack under extreme working conditions. As a result, the fuel cell stack housing of the embodiment of the present invention causes the stack to have the advantages of high safety and reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell stack casing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell stack casing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell stack casing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Reference numerals:

[0020] 1. Shell body; 101. First long side plate; 102. Second long side plate; 103. First short side plate; 104. Second short side plate; 105. Inspection port; 2. Cover plate; 3. Waterproof breathable valve; 4. Explosion-proof valve; 5. Inspection cover; 6. Hydrogen concentration sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0022] The fuel cell stack housing of the embodiment of the present invention comprises a shell body 1, a cover plate 2, a sealing gasket, a waterproof breathable valve 3 and an explosion-proof valve 4. The shell body 1 is an open structure at one end, and the shell body 1 is used to accommodate the fuel cell stack. The cover plate 2 is installed on the opening of the shell body 1, and the sealing gasket is arranged between the cover plate 2 and the shell body 1 and abuts against the shell body 1 and the cover plate 2 respectively. The waterproof breathable valve 3 is arranged on the shell body 1 and / or the cover plate 2, and is used to discharge the gas in the shell body 1 and prevent external water vapor from entering the shell body 1. The explosion-proof valve 4 is arranged on the shell body 1 and / or the cover plate 2, and is used to open when the internal pressure of the shell body 1 exceeds the safety threshold, and release the pressure in the shell body 1.

[0023] It should be noted that the waterproof breathable valve 3 is provided on the shell body 1 and / or the cover plate 2, which can be understood as the waterproof breathable valve 3 can be provided only on the shell body 1, or the waterproof breathable valve 3 is provided only on the cover plate 2, or the waterproof breathable valve 3 is provided on both the shell body 1 and the cover plate 2. Similarly, the waterproof breathable valve 3 is provided on the shell body 1 and / or the cover plate 2, which can be understood as the explosion-proof valve 4 can be provided only on the shell body 1, or the explosion-proof valve 4 is provided only on the cover plate 2, or the explosion-proof valve 4 is provided on both the shell body 1 and the cover plate 2.

[0024] When the fuel cell stack housing of the embodiment of the present invention is in use, by setting a waterproof and breathable valve 3, the waterproof and dustproof requirements of the fuel cell stack housing can be guaranteed, and the hydrogen inside the shell body 1 is discharged at the same time, reducing the risk caused by hydrogen leakage, which is conducive to improving the long-term operation reliability of the fuel cell stack. In addition, the waterproof and breathable valve 3 can also prevent external water vapor from entering the housing, maintain a dry environment inside the stack, and help extend the service life of the stack. By setting an explosion-proof valve 4, when the internal pressure of the fuel cell stack housing exceeds the safety threshold, the explosion-proof valve 4 can automatically open to release the pressure in the housing, thereby effectively avoiding the safety risks caused by excessive internal pressure and improving the safety of the product. When the stack is in extreme working conditions, such as when a large amount of overpressure is generated due to loss of control, the explosion-proof valve 4 can respond quickly, release the pressure, and ensure the safety of the stack under extreme working conditions. As a result, the fuel cell stack housing of the embodiment of the present invention causes the stack to have the advantages of high safety and reliability.

[0025] In some embodiments, the waterproof breathable valve 3 and the explosion-proof valve 4 are both arranged on the side plate of the shell body 1 .

[0026] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, both the waterproof breathable valve 3 and the explosion-proof valve 4 are arranged on the side panel of the shell body 1, which can effectively utilize the space and avoid opening too many holes in other parts of the shell, thereby reducing the impact on the overall structural integrity of the shell. The installation position on the side panel is usually more convenient for operation, and installation and subsequent maintenance work are more convenient and quick. The side panel is usually the part of the shell that is more easily exposed to the external environment. Setting the valve here helps to improve the response speed and efficiency of the waterproof breathable and explosion-proof functions. Setting the valve on the side panel can also avoid direct interference with the core components of the battery stack and ensure the stability and safety of the internal structure of the battery stack. The position on the side panel allows the operator to more easily observe the working status of the waterproof breathable valve 3 and the explosion-proof valve 4, which is convenient for real-time monitoring and timely handling of possible abnormal situations.

[0027] Optionally, the waterproof breathable valve 3 and / or the explosion-proof valve 4 are arranged adjacent to the top of the shell body 1 .

[0028] For example, Figures 1 to 3As shown, the waterproof breathable valve 3 and the explosion-proof valve 4 are both arranged near the top of the shell body 1. Since hydrogen is lighter than air, the leaked hydrogen will rise to the top, so the waterproof breathable valve 3 is arranged at the top to help quickly discharge the leaked hydrogen and maintain the pressure balance inside and outside the shell. Setting the explosion-proof valve 4 at the top can quickly release the pressure when overpressure occurs, reducing the potential danger caused by internal pressure accumulation. The top is usually easier to access, so this setting can make installation and maintenance work more convenient, saving time and cost. Setting the valve at the top can minimize interference with the internal components of the battery stack, which is conducive to maintaining the stability of the battery stack performance. Setting the valve at the top helps to optimize the flow path of the gas in the shell, improve the efficiency of exhaust, facilitate monitoring the working status of the valve, and can promptly detect and deal with problems. It can also avoid taking up space in other parts of the shell, which contributes to the compactness of the overall design.

[0029] In some embodiments, the height of the shell body 1 is H, and the distances from the waterproof breathable valve 3 and the explosion-proof valve 4 to the top of the shell body 1 are h, wherein 1 / 5H≤h≤1 / 2H.

[0030] The fuel cell stack housing of the embodiment of the present invention can optimize the pressure gradient in the housing by setting the range of h, so that hydrogen can be discharged smoothly through the valve during the natural rise in the housing, reducing the pressure accumulation in the housing. If the valve is too far from the top, it may cause gas accumulation in the top space, affecting the exhaust efficiency; if it is too close to the top, the rising hydrogen may not be discharged in time, and the appropriate distance can balance these two situations. In addition, the top of the housing is a key part that bears pressure. Setting the valve at a position of 1 / 5H to 1 / 2H can ensure the structural strength of the housing while avoiding excessive local stress on the top. Installing the waterproof breathable valve 3 and the explosion-proof valve 4 within the specified range can facilitate installation and daily maintenance inspection without sacrificing safety, taking into account the convenience of the operator. The appropriate h value can ensure that when abnormal pressure occurs, the explosion-proof valve 4 can play a role in time and release excess pressure, thereby improving the safety performance of the product. Setting the valve within the range of 1 / 5H to 1 / 2H can be applicable to stack housings of different sizes and shapes, increasing the compatibility and flexibility of the design.

[0031] Optionally, the explosion-proof valve 4 is at a distance L from the fuel cell stack in the shell body 1, where L≥5mm. This ensures that the explosion-proof valve 4 will not be affected when the fuel cell stack fails, and at the same time, helps to improve the pressure relief efficiency, and can better dissipate the heat generated by the failed stack, reducing the risk of local overheating.

[0032] In some embodiments, the shell body 1 includes a first long side panel 101 and a second long side panel 102 opposite to each other along its width direction, and the shell body 1 also includes a first short side panel 103 and a second short side panel 104 opposite to each other along its length direction. At least one of the first long side panel 101 and the second long side panel 102 is provided with an inspection opening 105, and the inspection opening 105 is provided with an inspection cover 5, which is detachably connected to the shell body 1.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the fuel cell stack housing of the embodiment of the present invention is provided with an inspection port 105 on at least one of the first long side plate 101 and the second long side plate 102, so that it is convenient for operators to inspect and maintain the fuel cell stack. The position and size of the inspection port 105 can be designed according to actual needs to facilitate the inspection and replacement of internal components. A detachable inspection cover 5 is provided on the inspection port 105, so that when maintenance operations are required, the inspection cover 5 can be quickly opened without the need for complicated tools or procedures, and the connection method between the inspection cover 5 and the shell body 1 should ensure sealing and convenience. In addition, it is necessary to ensure that the connection structure between the inspection cover 5 and the shell body 1 can remain stable even under extreme working conditions. Therefore, the design of the inspection port 105 should take into account protective measures. For example, the inspection cover 5 should have a certain level of protection to prevent external water vapor, dust, etc. from entering the shell. The setting of the inspection port 105 can be applicable to different types of fuel cell stacks, which increases the flexibility and versatility of the product. Through fast and convenient maintenance, the downtime of the equipment can be reduced and the production efficiency can be improved.

[0034] In some embodiments, a mounting through hole is opened on one of the first long side plate 101 and the second long side plate 102, and a hydrogen concentration sensor 6 is provided on the mounting through hole. The detection end of the hydrogen concentration sensor 6 extends into the shell body 1. The hydrogen concentration sensor 6 is used to be connected to a monitoring system to monitor the hydrogen concentration in the shell body 1.

[0035] The hydrogen concentration sensor 6 can monitor the hydrogen concentration inside the shell body 1 in real time, and promptly warn of any possible hydrogen leakage, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the system. The detection end of the sensor extends into the shell body 1, which can more accurately measure the hydrogen concentration inside the fuel cell stack without being affected by the external environment. The installation through-hole is opened on the side panel, which makes the installation of the hydrogen concentration sensor 6 simple and convenient, and reduces the errors that may occur during the installation process. The setting of the installation through-hole makes it easier to maintain and replace the sensor, which helps to reduce maintenance costs and time. When designing the installation through-hole, appropriate measures can be taken, such as using seals or specially designed mounting bases, to maintain the structural integrity and waterproof and dustproof performance of the shell.

[0036] The hydrogen concentration sensor 6 is connected to the monitoring system and can be integrated into the overall monitoring system of the fuel cell stack to realize centralized management and analysis of data. Through the monitoring system, when the detected hydrogen concentration exceeds the preset safety threshold, the system can issue an alarm in time and take necessary measures, such as automatically shutting off the hydrogen supply or starting the exhaust system. The position and size of the mounting holes can be adjusted according to the specifications of the sensor and the shell design to meet the needs of different application scenarios. If more sensors or detection equipment need to be added in the future, more mounting holes can be added to the same side panel without affecting the overall structure of the shell. The location of the sensor is selected taking into account the flow characteristics of hydrogen in the shell, and can effectively monitor the location where hydrogen may accumulate.

[0037] In some embodiments, there are multiple waterproof breathable valves 3 and explosion-proof valves 4 , and the number of waterproof breathable valves 3 is greater than the number of explosion-proof valves 4 .

[0038] For example, for a general vehicle fuel cell, the number of combinations of the waterproof vent valve 3 and the explosion-proof valve 4 is 3-5.

[0039] Specifically, two waterproof breathable valves 3 and one explosion-proof valve 4 may be provided. The two waterproof breathable valves 3 are installed on the short side panels of the shell body 1 , and the one explosion-proof valve 4 is installed on the long side panel of the shell body 1 .

[0040] Two waterproof breathable valves 3 and two explosion-proof valves 4 may also be provided. The two waterproof breathable valves 3 are mounted on the short side panels of the shell body 1 , and the two explosion-proof valves 4 are mounted on the long side panels of the shell body 1 .

[0041] Four waterproof breathable valves 3 and one explosion-proof valve 4 may also be provided, three of the four waterproof breathable valves 3 are installed on the short side panels of the shell body 1 , and the remaining one is installed on the long side panel of the shell body 1 and is located on the same side as the hydrogen concentration sensor 6 .

[0042] Three waterproof breathable valves 3 and two explosion-proof valves 4 can be provided. The three waterproof breathable valves 3 are installed on the short side plates of the shell body 1, and the two explosion-proof valves 4 are installed on the long side plates of the shell body 1.

[0043] Optionally, when the wall thickness of the shell body 1 is greater than 10 mm, the waterproof breathable valve 3 is directly threaded, the thread specification may be M40×1.5, the plastic valve body, the built-in breathable membrane is made of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene ePTFE, and the air permeability is not less than 7000 ml / min@7kPa.

[0044] The main function of the waterproof breathable valve 3 is to discharge the gas in the shell and prevent external water vapor from entering. Multiple waterproof breathable valves 3 can more effectively maintain the pressure balance inside and outside the shell, prevent fogging and condensation, and avoid sealing leakage caused by excessive internal and external pressure difference. The provision of multiple waterproof breathable valves 3 can also disperse the pressure in the shell, reduce the pressure load of a single valve, and thus reduce system risks. The reliability of the system usually increases with the increase of redundant design. Multiple waterproof breathable valves 3 can provide additional safety protection. Even if a valve fails, other valves can still work normally.

[0045] Although the number of explosion-proof valves 4 is small, their key function is to quickly release the pressure when the internal pressure exceeds the safety threshold to prevent the shell from rupturing or exploding. An appropriate number of explosion-proof valves 4 is sufficient to deal with extreme situations, and more breathable valves help avoid such extreme situations. Compared with explosion-proof valves 4, the cost of waterproof breathable valves 3 is usually lower. By increasing the number of waterproof breathable valves 3 and reducing the number of explosion-proof valves 4, cost optimization can be achieved while ensuring safety.

[0046] Optionally, the explosion-proof valve 4 is a spring-type explosion-proof valve 4 or a ejector-type explosion-proof valve 4 .

[0047] The explosion-proof valve 4 is mainly divided into two types: spring type and ejector type. On the basis of the explosion relief function, both have a certain ventilation function. The principle of the spring-type explosion-proof valve is to open the spring piston rod built into the explosion-proof valve through internal overpressure to achieve rapid gas discharge. Its advantages are that it can be used repeatedly and has low maintenance costs, but the explosion speed is slow, the pressure relief time is long, and the air permeability is low. It is suitable for scenes with low opening pressure and low air permeability requirements. The principle of the ejector-type breathable valve is that under overpressure conditions, the breathable membrane arches under the action of pressure and is punctured by the ejector designed externally to achieve the purpose of rapid pressure relief. The ejector-type explosion-proof valve needs to be replaced once it is opened, but because its structural design is simpler, the air permeability is often greater than the spring type and the pressure relief speed is faster. It is suitable for adjusting extreme failure conditions of high pressure and large air permeability. In actual application, the type of explosion-proof valve is determined according to actual conditions.

[0048] The present invention also discloses a fuel cell stack system, including a fuel cell stack shell and a fuel cell stack, wherein the fuel cell stack shell is the fuel cell stack shell described in any of the above embodiments, and the fuel cell stack is arranged in a shell body 1.

[0049] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0050] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0051] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0052] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0053] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0054] Although the above embodiments have been shown and described, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. Changes, modifications, substitutions and variations of the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel cell stack casing, characterized in that: include: A shell body (1), wherein the shell body (1) is a structure with an opening at one end, and the shell body (1) is used to accommodate a fuel cell stack; A cover plate (2), the cover plate (2) being mounted on the opening of the shell body (1); A sealing gasket, the sealing gasket being arranged between the cover plate (2) and the shell body (1) and respectively abutting against the shell body (1) and the cover plate (2); a waterproof breathable valve (3), the waterproof breathable valve (3) being arranged on the shell body (1) and / or the cover plate (2) and being used for discharging gas in the shell body (1) and preventing external water vapor from entering the shell body (1); An explosion-proof valve (4), the explosion-proof valve (4) being arranged on the shell body (1) and / or the cover plate (2), and being used for opening when the internal pressure of the shell body (1) exceeds a safety threshold, and releasing the pressure in the shell body (1).

2. The fuel cell stack casing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterproof and breathable valve (3) and the explosion-proof valve (4) are both arranged on the side plate of the shell body (1).

3. The fuel cell stack casing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The waterproof and breathable valve (3) and / or the explosion-proof valve (4) are arranged adjacent to the top of the shell body (1).

4. The fuel cell stack casing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The height of the shell body (1) is H, and the distance between the waterproof and breathable valve (3) and the explosion-proof valve (4) and the top of the shell body (1) is h, wherein 1 / 5H≤h≤1 / 2H.

5. The fuel cell stack casing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The explosion-proof valve (4) is at a distance L from the fuel cell stack in the shell body (1), where L is ≥ 5 mm.

6. The fuel cell stack casing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell body (1) comprises a first long side plate (101) and a second long side plate (102) which are opposite to each other along its width direction, and the shell body (1) also comprises a first short side plate (103) and a second short side plate (104) which are opposite to each other along its length direction, and at least one of the first long side plate (101) and the second long side plate (102) is provided with an inspection opening (105), and the inspection opening (105) is provided with an inspection cover (5), and the inspection cover (5) is detachably connected to the shell body (1).

7. The fuel cell stack casing according to claim 6, characterized in that: A mounting through hole is provided on one of the first long side plate (101) and the second long side plate (102); a hydrogen concentration sensor (6) is provided on the mounting through hole; a detection end of the hydrogen concentration sensor (6) extends into the shell body (1); and the hydrogen concentration sensor (6) is used to be connected to a monitoring system to monitor the hydrogen concentration in the shell body (1).

8. The fuel cell stack casing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the waterproof and breathable valves (3) and the number of the explosion-proof valves (4) is plural, and the number of the waterproof and breathable valves (3) is greater than the number of the explosion-proof valves (4).

9. The fuel cell stack casing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The explosion-proof valve (4) is a spring-type explosion-proof valve (4) or a ejector-type explosion-proof valve (4).

10. A fuel cell stack system, characterized in that: include: A fuel cell stack housing, wherein the fuel cell stack housing is the fuel cell stack housing according to any one of claims 1 to 9; A fuel cell stack is provided in the shell body (1).

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