Method for planting foxtail millet through drip irrigation under plastic film and repeated sowing of cumin

Abstract

The invention discloses an under-mulch drip irrigation cumin multiple-sowing millet planting method, and relates to the technical field of crop planting, the technical scheme is that the method comprises the following steps: S1, ploughing a planting land, planting cumin in eight rows, and carrying out soil sealing treatment; s2, film mulching and sowing, and drip irrigation under a film; s3, after the cumin is harvested, the millet is sown in situ. The line spacing, the hole spacing and the drip irrigation tape laying position are scientifically designed, the land use space is reasonably utilized, grain diameter matching, two crops in one year, two purposes of one fertilizer, two purposes of one film and two purposes of one pipe are achieved, the number of times of mechanical operation and use of the agricultural film drip irrigation tape are greatly reduced, and the crop yield is effectively increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of crop planting, and more specifically to a method for planting cumin and millet by drip irrigation under film. Background Art

[0002] Drip irrigation under film refers to the application of drip irrigation technology under film. This is a new water-saving technology that combines the advantages of drip irrigation technology and film covering technology. That is, a layer of ground film is covered on the drip irrigation belt or drip irrigation capillary tube. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems and provide a planting method of cumin and millet with drip irrigation under film, so as to reasonably utilize land space, improve irrigation utilization rate, save water and increase production.

[0004] The above technical purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical scheme: a method for planting cumin and millet under film drip irrigation, the planting method comprising the following steps:

[0005] S1: plowing and preparing the planting land, planting cumin in eight rows, and sealing the soil;

[0006] S2: film-covered sowing and drip irrigation under the film;

[0007] S3: After cumin is harvested, millet is sown in the same place.

[0008] The present invention is further configured as follows: the spacing between the cumins planted in S1 is 9 cm.

[0009] The present invention is further configured as follows: the row spacings planted in S1 are: the spacings between the first row and the second row, between the third row and the fourth row, between the fourth row and the fifth row, between the fifth row and the sixth row, and between the seventh row and the eighth row are all set to 20 cm; the spacings between the second row and the third row, and between the sixth row and the seventh row are all set to 30 cm.

[0010] The present invention is further configured as follows: the method for laying the drip irrigation tape in S2 is: laying it only between the second row and the third row, between the fourth row and the fifth row, and between the sixth row and the seventh row, wherein after the drip irrigation tape is laid between the fourth row and the fifth row and covered with a film, soil is pressed on the film to prevent wind.

[0011] The present invention is further configured as follows: the millet planting method in S3 is: after each row of cumin is harvested, the remaining six rows except the third row and the sixth row are subjected to in-situ hole sowing of millet.

[0012] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] The present invention adopts the sub-film drip irrigation planting method, which combines the film covering planting and the water-saving irrigation method of drip irrigation, and has a significant water-saving effect. The drip irrigation system only wets the crop root development area, which belongs to the local irrigation form and can significantly reduce water consumption.

[0014] The sub-film drip irrigation method of the present invention can supply water and fertilizer to the root areas of cumin and millet in a timely and appropriate amount, adjust the temperature and humidity between plants, improve the microclimate environment for crop growth, and reduce weeds and the number of hoeing times.

[0015] The present invention scientifically designs the row spacing, acupoint spacing and drip tape laying position, rationally utilizes land use space, realizes grain-economy matching, two crops a year, two uses of one fertilizer, two uses of one film, and two uses of one pipe, greatly reduces the number of mechanical operations and the use of agricultural film drip tape, and effectively increases crop yields. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the planting method in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] In the picture: 1. Planting site; 2. Cumin; 3. Drip irrigation tape; 4. Film. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0020] Example:

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for planting cumin and millet under film drip irrigation comprises the following steps:

[0022] S1: plowing and preparing the planting field 1, planting cumin 2 in eight rows, and sealing the soil;

[0023] The spacing between planting cumin is 9 cm, and the spacing between planting rows is: the spacing between the first and second rows, between the third and fourth rows, between the fourth and fifth rows, between the fifth and sixth rows, and between the seventh and eighth rows are all set to 20 cm; the spacing between the second and third rows, and between the sixth and seventh rows are both set to 30 cm.

[0024] S2: laying drip irrigation tape 3 between rows and covering with film 4;

[0025] The drip irrigation tape 3 is laid only between the second and third rows, between the fourth and fifth rows, and between the sixth and seventh rows. After the drip irrigation tape 3 is laid between the fourth and fifth rows and covered with film, soil is pressed on the film to prevent wind.

[0026] S3: After cumin is harvested, millet is sown in the same place.

[0027] After harvesting cumin in each row, millet is sown in situ in the remaining six rows except the third and sixth rows.

[0028] After harvesting cumin in each row, millet is sown in situ in the remaining six rows except the third and sixth rows.

[0029] Preferably, the pre-sowing preparation includes fertilization and land preparation, soil sealing treatment and seed selection and coating; by adopting the full-layer fertilization method, 20 kg of diammonium phosphate and 5 kg of potassium sulfate are spread per mu before plowing, and the application is done before autumn turning, with deep turning of more than 25 cm. Before harrowing, 10 kg of diammonium phosphate and 5 kg of potassium sulfate are spread, and the shallow harrowing is 10 cm. The quality of land preparation is based on the six-character standard of "even, flat, loose, broken, clean, and moist"; before sowing, 200 ml of 450g / L pendimethalin microcapsule suspension herbicide is evenly sprayed per mu and the soil is evenly mixed; at the same time, qualified commercial seeds are selected in the seed selection process and the seeds are coated with insecticides and fungicides.

[0030] The sowing time is early spring sowing, and the early sowing time is appropriate, generally from late February to early March. The sowing method uses wide film (205mm ground film), and 8 rows are fully sown. A drip tape is laid every two rows, with a total of 3 drip tapes. The hole distance is determined to be 8 or 9 cm according to the sowing tray. The sowing tray duckbill adopts a cross-shaped or pointed-bill shape, the sowing depth is 1-2 cm, and the sowing amount is 5-8 seeds per hole.

[0031] The water and fertilizer management method of this embodiment is as follows:

[0032] The first dripping: drip water once 7 days after sowing, and the dripping time is about 4 hours.

[0033] Second watering: After 50% to 60% of the seedlings have emerged, water again with 3 kg of monoammonium phosphate.

[0034] The third watering: from the seedling stage to the budding stage, water thoroughly with 5 kg of urea, 5 kg of monoammonium phosphate, and 5 kg of potassium sulfate.

[0035] The fourth watering: water once every 10-15 days depending on the soil moisture conditions, mainly in small amounts and multiple times. Each time, bring 2-3 kg of urea, 3-5 kg ​​of monoammonium phosphate, and 2-3 kg of potassium sulfate.

[0036] Stop watering: After the peak fruit-bearing period, water thoroughly once around May 15th and then control the watering to prevent the plants from dying of drought.

[0037] During the entire growing period, water is dripped about 7 times, and the water consumption is about 200 cubic meters.

[0038] The weeding stage is when the cumin seedlings are about 10cm tall and the weeds are in the 2-3 leaf stage, spray the high-efficiency grass-capping agent (when the weeds are mainly grass weeds) and the grass-cleaning agent (when the broad-leaved weeds are mainly broad-leaved weeds). If there is a weed shortage, the grass-cleaning agent can be drip-applied in the middle and late stages; in the later stages, use dichlorvos spot-film to control dodder.

[0039] In the disease and insect prevention stage, we rely on bacterial fertilizer to inhibit bacteria with bacteria. In the early stage, we should drip microbial agents every time we drip water.

[0040] The main diseases of cumin are damping-off and root rot, and the main insect pests are small cutworms. Disease prevention is the main approach. In the early stage of the disease (generally the budding and flowering stages), 200g of 50% chlorobromoisocyanuric acid is dripped with water per mu, and 50g of 70% methyl thiophanate wettable powder is used for spraying.

[0041] The main insect pest of cumin is small cutworms. If small cutworms are found after cumin seedlings emerge, 20 ml of 23% highly effective chlorfenapyr should be sprayed per mu at midnight.

[0042] Chemical control and foliar fertilization can be started when the cumin seedlings are about 7 cm tall. Use 3 grams of cypermethrin per mu and gradually increase to 5 grams before budding. Note that cumin has poor sensitivity to chemical control agents and generally no phytotoxicity will occur as long as large doses are used.

[0043] During the flowering period, spray 20 ml of foliar fertilizer containing boron, iron and zinc chelated trace elements per mu, and spray for the second time after 7 days. After the third watering, spray 100 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 10 ml of brassinolide per mu once, and then spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate once every 5 days until maturity.

[0044] The harvesting stage is in early June. When 50% of the cumin seeds begin to turn yellow, they are manually pulled out of the field, dried in the sun, and then transported for threshing. During this period, care must be taken not to harvest too early to avoid affecting the yield.

[0045] In this embodiment, the multiple-sowing millet mode is to start sowing millet in time after the cumin is harvested; millet is sown according to the above method, and millet is sown in rows 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, and 8 of cumin at the original film position to achieve wide and narrow row configuration, and the original drip irrigation belt is still used for integrated water and fertilizer management.

[0046] During millet cultivation and management, summer millet varieties with a growth period of 85-95 days are selected. The seeds are coated with seed dressing agents containing fungicides and insecticides, and the sowing amount is 2-4 grains per hole.

[0047] The water and fertilizer management methods are:

[0048] Immediately after sowing, drip water once for germination, with a dripping amount of 30-40m3 per mu 3 .

[0049] When the millet seedlings grow to a height of about 10 cm, carry out inter-cultivation once.

[0050] Watering rate per mu is 40-50m during jointing period 3 And drip apply 5kg of urea, 10kg of monoammonium phosphate and 5kg of potassium sulfate.

[0051] Drip water twice during the booting-heading period, 40-50m each time 3 And drip apply 3-5kg of urea, 5-8kg of monoammonium phosphate, and 3-5kg of potassium sulfate.

[0052] After that, water should be added in small amounts and multiple times until the vegetable reaches the ripe stage and then stop watering.

[0053] Finally, when the millet is fully ripe, a combine harvester is used to harvest and thresh the grains, and the grains are stored in the warehouse.

[0054] Conclusion: This planting method rationally utilizes land space by scientifically designing row spacing, hole spacing and drip irrigation tape laying positions, ensuring the irrigation amount of all plants while saving water and effectively increasing crop yields.

[0055] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not a limitation of the present invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make non-creative modifications to the present embodiment as needed. However, as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention, they are protected by the patent law.

Claims

1. A method for planting cumin and millet by drip irrigation under film, characterized in that: The planting method comprises the following steps: S1: Plowing and preparing the planting field (1), planting cumin in eight rows (2), and sealing the soil; S2: laying drip irrigation tapes (3) between rows and covering with film (4), and cultivating with drip irrigation under the film; S3: After cumin is harvested, millet is sown in the same place.

2. The method for planting cumin and millet by drip irrigation under film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the cumin seeds (2) planted in S1 is 9 cm.

3. The method for planting cumin and millet by drip irrigation under film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The row spacings planted in S1 are: the spacings between the first and second rows, between the third and fourth rows, between the fourth and fifth rows, between the fifth and sixth rows, and between the seventh and eighth rows are all set to 20 cm; the spacings between the second and third rows, and between the sixth and seventh rows are all set to 30 cm.

4. The method for planting cumin and millet by drip irrigation under film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for laying the drip irrigation tape (3) in S2 is: laying it only between the second and third rows, between the fourth and fifth rows, and between the sixth and seventh rows, wherein the drip irrigation tape (3) is laid between the fourth and fifth rows and covered with a film, and then soil is pressed on the film.

5. The method for planting cumin and millet by drip irrigation under film according to claim 1, characterized in that: The millet planting method in S3 is as follows: after each row of cumin is harvested, the remaining six rows except the third row and the sixth row are sown with millet in situ.

Images