Mechanical heavy-load safe separation device and anti-falling device for lifeboat

Abstract

The invention discloses a mechanical heavy-load safe separation device and an anti-falling device for a lifeboat, and relates to the technical field of heavy object hanging. The mechanical heavy-load safe release device comprises a thread assembly connected between a bearing piece and a load, the thread assembly comprises a screw and a thread sleeve which are in threaded connection and locked and fixed, and the screw or the thread sleeve is connected with the load and is configured to automatically slide down in the thread direction under the gravity action of the load after locking is relieved. The load is separated from the bearing part, and the lead angle of the screw and / or the screw sleeve is larger than the equivalent friction angle. The separating device is simple in structure and convenient to use, does not need to additionally establish a power system, is low in cost, can realize the separation operation of the load and the bearing piece only by virtue of the gravity action of the load connected with the separating device without the help of external force, and greatly reduces the influence of external factors on the separating process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of heavy object hanging, and in particular to a mechanical heavy-load safety release device and an anti-falling device for a lifeboat. Background Art

[0002] Although the existing disengagement devices have achieved certain results in ensuring the safety of the disengagement operation, their structural design is relatively complex and the cost is relatively high. For example, Chinese patent document CN114590707A discloses a heavy-duty hook safety disengagement device, which includes a grab hook, a drive block, a hydraulic cylinder and other components. When in use, the hydraulic cylinder drives the drive block to move up and down to realize the opening and closing of the two grab hooks. The whole structure is relatively complex and the cost is relatively high. Chinese patent document CN203255343U discloses a quick release and locking device for a lifeboat anti-fall device, which includes a buckle seat, a spring, a latch, a latch handle, a plug block, a shackle U handle and other components, and the whole structure is relatively complex. Although these complex designs improve the safety of operation, they also increase the cost of manufacturing and maintenance.

[0003] On the other hand, some other existing disengagement devices are greatly affected by external factors during the release and separation process. For example, the Chinese patent document CN114715443A discloses a non-self-locking threaded connection and separation device and method for four-point linkage release, and the Chinese patent document CN114715444A discloses a non-self-locking threaded compression release device and method triggered by a shape memory alloy wire, and their release and separation processes are as follows: under the thrust of the separation spring, the positive and negative thread sleeves drive the load-bearing screw to move upward, causing the non-self-locking nut to rotate, and the load-bearing screw to move upward, releasing the non-self-locking threaded connection, realizing the separation of the satellite and the carrier platform, and the unlocking and release of load A and load B. The above two solutions not only have complex device structures and high manufacturing and maintenance costs, but also use non-self-locking threaded connections to achieve the release and separation between two loads (two components), and must rely on external conditions such as springs to provide power, which is greatly affected by external factors. Summary of the invention

[0004] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a mechanical heavy-load safety release device with a simple structure, low cost and less influence by external factors.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a mechanical heavy-load safety disengagement device, comprising a threaded assembly connected between a load-bearing member and a load, wherein the threaded assembly comprises a screw and a sleeve that are threadedly connected and locked and fixed, wherein the screw or the sleeve is connected to the load and is configured to be able to automatically slide down along the thread direction under the action of the gravity of the load after the lock is released, until it is completely disengaged from the sleeve or the screw connected to the load-bearing member, thereby realizing the separation of the load and the load-bearing member.

[0006] Specifically, the screw rod is connected to the load and is configured to automatically slide down along the thread direction under the weight of the load after the lock is released, until it is completely separated from the screw sleeve connected to the load-bearing member, thereby realizing the separation of the load from the load-bearing member. Alternatively, the screw sleeve is connected to the load and is configured to automatically slide down along the thread direction under the weight of the load after the lock is released, until it is completely separated from the screw rod connected to the load-bearing member, thereby realizing the separation of the load from the load-bearing member.

[0007] Furthermore, the thread lead angle on the screw and / or the screw sleeve is greater than the equivalent friction angle.

[0008] Furthermore, a locking mechanism is arranged between the screw and the sleeve, and the locking mechanism includes a limiting plate and a locking seat that cooperate with each other. The limiting plate and the screw or the sleeve are movably connected and can move to the locking seat provided on the sleeve or the screw and be restricted by it, thereby preventing the screw and the sleeve from rotating relative to each other.

[0009] Specifically, the limit plate is movably connected to the screw rod and can be moved to and restricted by a locking seat provided on the screw sleeve, thereby preventing the screw rod and the screw sleeve from rotating relative to each other. Alternatively, the limit plate is movably connected to the screw sleeve and can be moved to and restricted by a locking seat provided on the screw rod, thereby preventing the screw rod and the screw sleeve from rotating relative to each other.

[0010] Furthermore, the screw rod or the screw sleeve is provided with a threaded section threadably connected to the screw sleeve or the screw rod, and a rotating section coaxially rotatable relative to the threaded section.

[0011] Specifically, the screw is provided with a threaded section threadedly connected to the screw sleeve and a rotating section coaxially rotatable relative to the threaded section. Alternatively, the screw sleeve is provided with a threaded section threadedly connected to the screw and a rotating section coaxially rotatable relative to the threaded section.

[0012] Furthermore, the screw rod and the screw sleeve are both provided with lifting rings or lifting hooks.

[0013] Furthermore, the screw sleeve is provided with a bearing at the other end thereof connected to the screw rod and is connected to a connecting rod via the bearing.

[0014] Furthermore, the screw rod and the connecting rod are both provided with lifting rings or lifting hooks.

[0015] Furthermore, the connecting rod and the threaded sleeve are coaxially arranged.

[0016] Furthermore, the thread on the screw or the screw sleeve is a single-thread or a multi-thread.

[0017] Furthermore, the number of threads on the screw or the screw sleeve is multiple, preferably at least three.

[0018] Furthermore, corresponding locking holes are provided on the limiting plate and the locking seat, and locking pieces are installed in the locking holes.

[0019] Furthermore, the locking member is a β-type latch.

[0020] Furthermore, the length of the limiting plate is greater than the length of the screw rod or the screw sleeve.

[0021] In addition, the above-mentioned mechanical heavy-load safety release device can also be used in lifeboats. For example, it can be used as an anti-fall device equipped on a lifeboat, connected between the lifeboat and the mother ship, to achieve rapid and safe release when the lifeboat is lowered.

[0022] The disengagement device of the present invention is mainly composed of a screw and a threaded sleeve connected by threads. By reducing complex mechanical parts, the complexity of the overall structure is reduced. During the hoisting process, the threaded assembly can remain locked to ensure the safety of the hoisted object (i.e., the load). When it is necessary to disengage, it is only necessary to simply release the lock, and the load will automatically slide down under the action of gravity to achieve rapid disengagement. The operation process is simple and quick. The present invention does not rely on external power sources, such as hydraulic or pneumatic systems, so it can work reliably even in an environment without electricity or compressed air supply. In addition, the disengagement device can smoothly release the load during the disengagement process, reducing the safety risks caused by improper operation or mechanical failure.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: the structure is simpler, so the manufacturing and maintenance costs are lower; during the operation, there is no need to rely on external forces, and the load and the bearing member can be separated only by the gravity of the connected load, thereby greatly reducing the influence of external factors on the separation process and being almost unaffected by external factors. These features make the present invention significantly improved in terms of safety and reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of a mechanical heavy-load safety release device; Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the mechanical heavy-load safety release device; Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of a mechanical heavy-load safety release device; Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the screw sleeve.

[0025] In the figure: 1——screw 2——screw sleeve 2a——Block 3——Limiting plate 4——locking seat 4a——boss 5——Bearing 6——Connecting rod 6a——Lifting block 7——Lifting ring 8——Locking hole 9——Locking piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to help those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the concept of the present invention, it is further described below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings.

[0027] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the present embodiment provides a mechanical safety disengagement device, which mainly includes a threaded assembly connected between a load and a bearing member. The bearing member is a lifting and transporting device or other lifting equipment, and the load is a heavy object such as cargo, equipment, lifeboat, etc. The threaded assembly includes a screw 1 and a screw sleeve 2 that are threadedly connected and locked and fixed. The threaded assembly can also be understood as a screw structure. Among them, the screw 1 and the screw sleeve 2 are respectively connected to the bearing member and the load, for example, the screw 1 is connected to the bearing member, and the screw sleeve 2 is connected to the load, or the screw 1 is connected to the load, and the screw sleeve 2 is connected to the bearing member. The following is a specific description of the screw 1 connecting the bearing member and the screw sleeve 2 connecting the load. When the load is hoisted to the target landing position by the bearing member, the threaded assembly can be unlocked so that the screw sleeve 2 connected to the load can automatically slide down along the thread direction under the gravity of the load until it is completely separated from the screw 1 connected to the bearing member, thereby achieving safe separation of the load and the bearing member.

[0028] Among them, the screw 1 has a non-standard thread (the specific thread type is not limited, and a trapezoidal thread is preferred), and the thread lead angle is increased to prevent it from self-locking. The thread can be a single-thread thread or a multi-thread thread, and the angle of the thread lead angle can be selected according to the actual working conditions (depending on the disengagement speed), as long as the thread lead angle is greater than the equivalent friction angle, that is, the gravity component along the thread inclined surface is less than the friction force generated by the inclined surface pressure. The screw sleeve 2 is matched with the screw 1 and is screwed together with the screw 1 to maintain tension. Among them, the number of thread turns on the screw 1 can be multiple turns (for example, at least three turns), and the same is true for the thread on the screw sleeve 2. Of course, the thread on the screw sleeve 2 and the thread on the screw 1 are usually corresponding.

[0029] In order to achieve the locking and fixing between the screw rod 1 and the screw sleeve 2 during the lifting process, a locking mechanism is set between the screw rod 1 and the screw sleeve 2 in this embodiment, and the locking mechanism includes a limit plate 3 and a locking seat 4 that cooperate with each other. Among them, the limit plate 3 can be set on the screw rod 1 and the locking seat 4 can be set on the screw sleeve 2, or the limit plate 3 can be set on the screw sleeve 2 and the locking seat 4 can be set on the screw rod 1. The following is a specific description of the limit plate 3 set on the screw rod 1 and the locking seat 4 set on the screw sleeve 2. The limit plate 3 and the screw rod 1 are movably connected, such as a rotatable connection method such as a hinge. When it is necessary to lock the screw rod 1 and the screw sleeve 2, the limit plate 3 can be rotated to the locking seat 4, and the locking seat 4 can be used to restrict it to prevent the screw rod 1 and the screw sleeve 2 from rotating relative to each other. Further, the locking seat 4 can be a U-shaped seat composed of two bosses 4a, and the two bosses 4a are provided with locking holes 8 (through holes), and another locking hole 8 is correspondingly provided on the limit plate 3. When locking is required, the limit plate 3 can be rotated between the two bosses 4a and the locking holes 8 can be aligned, and then the locking parts 9 such as bolts and latches can be used for fixing, and the locking seat 4 and the limit plate 3 can be limited to prevent the limit plate 3 from being thrown out of the boss 4a during bumps. Among them, the locking part 9 is preferably a β-type latch. Among them, the limit plate 3 can provide radial torque to ensure that the screw sleeve 2 and the screw rod 1 do not rotate and disengage. When the lock needs to be released, the latch can be pulled out, and then the limit plate 3 can be pulled upward from between the two bosses 4a. The screw sleeve 2 can rotate relative to the screw rod 1 under the action of gravity, and finally disengage. Among them, the length of the limit plate 3 can exceed the screw sleeve 2 (or screw rod 1), which is convenient for lifting on the one hand, and also increases the torque on the other hand, which is convenient for upward rotation.

[0030] In order to facilitate the connection between the bearing member and the load, a lifting ring 7 or a lifting hook can be provided on both the screw 1 and the screw sleeve 2, and the lifting ring 7 or the lifting hook can be integrally connected to the screw 1 and the screw sleeve 2. Since the unlocked screw 1 and the screw sleeve 2 will rotate relative to each other under the gravity of the load, the screw 1 or the screw sleeve 2 connected to the load will slide down along the thread direction and will also rotate with the load. In most scenarios, the rotation of the load will cause certain risks. Therefore, in order to avoid this situation, a threaded section and a rotating section can be provided on the screw 1 or the screw sleeve 2, wherein the rotating section can rotate. Specifically, if the lifting ring 7 or the lifting hook on the screw 1 is connected to the load, then in order to prevent the connected load from rotating with the screw 1 when it slides downward along the thread direction, a threaded section that is threadedly connected to the screw sleeve 2 and a rotating section that can rotate coaxially relative to the threaded section when the screw 1 rotates and slides down can be provided on the screw 1. If the load is connected to the lifting ring 7 or the lifting hook on the screw sleeve 2, then in order to prevent the connected load from rotating with the screw sleeve 2 when the screw sleeve 2 slides downward along the thread direction, a threaded section threadedly connected to the screw rod 1 and a rotating section that can rotate coaxially relative to the threaded section when the screw sleeve 2 rotates and slides down can be provided on the screw sleeve 2.

[0031] Of course, in order to prevent the load from rotating when the connected screw rod 1 or screw sleeve 2 rotates and slides, a connecting rod 6 can be provided on the screw sleeve 2, and the connecting rod 6 and the screw rod 1 are respectively provided at the two ends of the screw sleeve 2. The connecting rod 6 can be installed on the end of the screw sleeve 2 through the bearing 5. Specifically, the lower end of the screw sleeve 2 is provided with a stopper 2a (usually annular), and the stopper 2a can provide a mounting surface for the bearing 5. The upper end of the connecting rod 6 is provided with a limit block 6a (usually cylindrical) whose edge exceeds the side wall of the connecting rod 6. The limit block 6a can provide a mounting surface for the bearing 5 and prevent the connecting rod 6 from being separated from the screw sleeve 2. The lower end of the connecting rod 6 can be provided with a lifting ring 7 or a hook to hang a heavy object (i.e., a load) or connect a bearing member. At this time, a lifting ring 7 or a hook can also be provided on the screw rod 1. The lifting ring 7 or the hook can be connected to the connecting rod 6 as a whole. Taking the example of connecting rod 6 connecting a load (such as a heavy object), the screw sleeve 2 and the connecting rod 6 are connected through the bearing 5. The bearing 5 can provide a rotating body, and the heavy object at the lower end does not rotate when falling, and the screw sleeve 2 rotates and disengages, so as to prevent the screw sleeve 2 from rotating with the heavy object. Generally speaking, the connecting rod 6 needs to be coaxial with the screw sleeve 2.

[0032] The disengagement device of this embodiment can be used not only for lifting and transporting devices or other lifting equipment, but also for the anti-falling device of a lifeboat, so as to realize the rapid and safe disengagement when the lifeboat is lowered. When used for the anti-falling device configured for a lifeboat, the lifting ring 7 on the screw rod 1 is connected to the hull of the mother ship, and the lifting ring 7 of the connecting rod 6 connected to the screw sleeve 2 is connected to the hull of the lifeboat. When it is necessary to lower the lifeboat, the latch on the locking seat 4 is pulled out, and the limit plate 3 is rotated upward to realize the unlocking of the screw rod 1 and the screw sleeve 2, so that the screw sleeve 2 rotates downward under the gravity of the lifeboat, and realizes automatic disengagement and lowering the lifeboat.

[0033] When the above-mentioned detaching device is used on a lifting and transporting device or other lifting equipment, when the heavy object is lifted and transported to the end point, it can be automatically unhooked by gravity (it only needs to rotate the limit plate 3 to unlock it first). The hydraulic system of the prior art has a large output, and the present invention has a simple structure, does not require an additional power system, and has a low cost. When the above-mentioned detaching device is used for the anti-falling device of a lifeboat, it can achieve rapid and safe detachment when the lifeboat is lowered.

[0034] When the disengagement device of this embodiment is used for hoisting heavy objects, the lifting ring 7 or hook at the upper end of the screw rod 1 is connected or fixed to the lifting and transporting device, the lifting ring 7 or hook of the lower end connecting rod 6 is mounted with the heavy object, and the limit plate 3 is rotated upward, and the heavy object can be automatically disengaged under the action of gravity. When the disengagement device of this embodiment is used for the lifeboat anti-fall device, the lifting ring 7 or hook at the upper end of the screw rod 1 is connected or fixed to the hull of the mother ship, the lifting ring 7 or hook of the lower end connecting rod 6 is connected to the hull of the lifeboat, the screw rod 1 and the screw sleeve 2 are connected by threads to bear the gravity of the lifeboat, and the limit plate 3 balances the automatic rotation force between the threads.

[0035] In general, the disengagement device of this embodiment has the following advantages: 1. When used for heavy lifting, it can solve the problem of difficult unhooking. 2. When used for the lifeboat anti-fall device, it saves effort and avoids the risk of injury. At the same time, it has a simple structure, low cost, is not easy to corrode, and the accessories are easy to replace. 3. The disengagement speed is controllable.

[0036] The above embodiments are preferred implementation schemes of the present invention. Any obvious replacements without departing from the concept of the present technical solution are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical heavy-load safety release device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a threaded assembly connected between a bearing member and a load, wherein the threaded assembly comprises a screw (1) and a screw sleeve (2) which are threadedly connected and locked and fixed, wherein the screw (1) or the screw sleeve (2) is connected to the load and is configured to automatically slide down along the thread direction under the action of the load gravity after the lock is released, until the screw sleeve (2) or the screw (1) connected to the bearing member is completely separated, thereby realizing separation of the load from the bearing member, and the thread lead angle on the screw (1) and / or the screw sleeve (2) is greater than the equivalent friction angle.

2. The mechanical heavy-load safety release device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A locking mechanism is provided between the screw rod (1) and the screw sleeve (2), the locking mechanism comprising a limiting plate (3) and a locking seat (4) which cooperate with each other, the limiting plate (3) and the screw rod (1) or the screw sleeve (2) are movably connected and can be moved to the locking seat (4) provided on the screw sleeve (2) or the screw rod (1) and be restricted thereby.

3. The mechanical heavy-load safety release device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screw rod (1) or the screw sleeve (2) is provided with a threaded section threadedly connected to the screw sleeve (2) or the screw rod (1), and a rotating section capable of coaxially rotating relative to the threaded section.

4. The mechanical heavy-load safety release device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screw sleeve (2) is provided with a bearing (5) at the other end thereof connected to the screw rod (1), and is connected to a connecting rod (6) via the bearing (5).

5. The mechanical heavy-load safety release device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The screw rod (1) and the connecting rod (6) are both provided with a lifting ring (7) or a lifting hook.

6. The mechanical heavy-load safety release device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting plate (3) and the locking seat (4) are provided with corresponding locking holes (8), and a locking member (9) is installed in the locking hole (8).

7. The mechanical heavy-load safety release device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The locking member (9) is a β-type latch.

8. The mechanical heavy-load safety release device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length of the limiting plate (3) is greater than the length of the screw rod (1) or the screw sleeve (2).

9. An anti-fall device for a lifeboat, connected between the lifeboat and the mother ship, characterized in that: The anti-fall device is a mechanical heavy-load safety release device as described in any one of claims 1-8.

Images