Preparation method of green and environment-friendly novel optical / electric heating effect anti-icing and deicing coating

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a green and environment-friendly novel optical / electric heating effect anti-icing and deicing coating, and belongs to the field of preparation of anti-icing coatings. The invention aims to solve the problems of low deicing efficiency, poor wear resistance, environmental pollution and complex preparation technology of the existing super-hydrophobic material with the photo-thermal electric heating function. The method comprises the following steps: 1, preparing an anti-icing and deicing coating solution; and 2, preparing the anti-icing and deicing coating. The preparation method is used for preparing the green and environment-friendly novel optical / electric heating effect anti-icing and deicing coating.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of anti-icing coating preparation. Background Art

[0002] The increase of ice can significantly reduce the reliability of power grids, aerospace and transportation systems. In order to effectively de-ice or prevent ice accumulation, existing technologies have taken many measures. In current research, ice mitigation strategies are divided into two methods: active and passive. Active de-icing relies on external energy input to remove / melt ice, usually including thermal, chemical or mechanical methods, which is also a traditional de-icing strategy. Although active de-icing methods have been applied in industry, the sustainability of these methods is still facing challenges due to problems such as excessive energy consumption, complex equipment and environmental pollution. In contrast, passive de-icing has become a new generation of environmentally friendly strategies, which usually include smooth porous surfaces injected with liquids and superhydrophobic methods, using the interface interaction between micro / nanostructures and water / ice to reduce the rate of ice increase or ice adhesion strength. However, irreversible structural damage will lead to unsustainable passive anti-icing / de-icing performance, and it involves a series of problems such as micro-condensation that cannot achieve complete anti-icing / de-icing. This makes a single active or passive method imperfect in actual anti-icing / de-icing applications. Therefore, a strategy combining passive and active de-icing technologies may be a promising solution to the problem of ice accumulation.

[0003] Recently, superhydrophobic materials that combine photothermal and electrothermal functions have been considered as a more practical approach for outdoor anti-icing applications. This new approach combines the advantages of passive anti-icing materials (i.e., self-propelled jumping of droplets before freezing and delayed nucleation during crystallization) and active deicing materials (i.e., accelerating the melting of ice by heating the surface), thereby achieving powerful anti-icing / de-icing performance. However, the realization of multifunctionality in current research usually relies on complex preparation techniques, and there are problems such as low deicing efficiency, poor wear resistance, and environmental pollution, which limits their practical application. Therefore, it is crucial to develop coatings that have both efficient anti-icing and de-icing performance and wear resistance and are green and environmentally friendly. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the problems of low deicing efficiency, poor wear resistance, environmental pollution and complex preparation technology of existing super-hydrophobic materials with photothermal and electrothermal functions, and further provide a green and environmentally friendly method for preparing a new type of photo / electrothermal effect anti-icing and deicing coating.

[0005] A method for preparing a new green and environmentally friendly light / electro-thermal effect anti-icing and de-icing coating is carried out in the following steps:

[0006] 1. Preparation of anti-icing and deicing coating solution:

[0007] Conductive carbon black is added into distilled water for ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a conductive carbon black slurry, and then, under stirring conditions, tetratitanium heptoxide nanoparticles, polydimethylsiloxane, octamethyltrisiloxane, polyvinyl alcohol solution, hexamethylene diisocyanate and sorbitol solution are sequentially added into the conductive carbon black slurry for uniform stirring to obtain an anti-icing and deicing coating solution;

[0008] 2. Preparation of anti-icing and de-icing coating:

[0009] The electrode is pasted on the aluminum substrate, and then the anti-icing and deicing coating solution is evenly coated on the aluminum substrate with a coating thickness of 1.5mm to 2.5mm, and finally dried to obtain a green and environmentally friendly new type of light / electrothermal effect anti-icing and deicing coating.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0011] 1. The present invention adds sorbitol, a sugar alcohol derivative extracted from waste straw, to achieve waste utilization. At the same time, because sorbitol has a long carbon skeleton and multiple hydroxyl groups, it can enhance the flexibility and elasticity of the coating and react with hexamethylene diisocyanate to form a polyurethane network structure, which helps to improve the wear resistance of the coating.

[0012] 2. Adding octamethyltrisiloxane (MDM) improves the hydrophobicity of the coating. MDM is a small molecular weight linear structure with low surface tension, which can well fill the gaps between polydimethylsiloxane molecules. The combination of polydimethylsiloxane and octamethyltrisiloxane can provide excellent hydrophobicity.

[0013] 3. Traditional anti-icing coatings cannot achieve complete de-icing. The present invention uses a photothermal and electrothermal synergistic anti-icing / de-icing method, which can achieve rapid anti-icing / de-icing regardless of whether the lighting conditions are sufficient.

[0014] 4. The conductive carbon black used in the present invention has a certain rough structure. The combination of polydimethylsiloxane and octamethyltrisiloxane can make the conductive carbon black dispersed more evenly in the solution and act on the surface of the conductive carbon black to form more uniform nipple-like protrusions, increase the surface roughness, and thus provide excellent hydrophobicity.

[0015] 5. In the prior art, materials containing fluorine are often used for the selection of coating raw materials, but the present invention does not use raw materials containing fluorine, and adds sorbitol, a sugar alcohol derivative extracted from straw, which is non-polluting to the environment. The present invention has a simple process and a short preparation time.

[0016] It can be seen that the coating prepared by the present invention maintains its excellent hydrophobicity, thermal conductivity, and outstanding photothermal and electrothermal anti-icing / de-icing capabilities.

[0017] Attached Notes

[0018] Figure 1 This is a scanning electron microscope image of the green and environmentally friendly novel photo / electrothermal effect anti-icing and deicing coating prepared in Example 1;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a water contact angle diagram of the green and environmentally friendly new type of light / electrothermal effect anti-icing and deicing coating prepared in Example 1;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a tape peeling test diagram of the green and environmentally friendly new type of light / electro-thermal effect anti-icing and de-icing coating prepared in Example 1;

[0021] Figure 4 The photothermal infrared thermal imaging images of the green and environmentally friendly new type of photo / electrothermal effect anti-icing and de-icing coating prepared in Example 1, (a) infrared thermal imaging image of a smooth aluminum sheet after irradiation with a 300W xenon lamp for 5 minutes, (b) infrared thermal imaging image of an aluminum sheet coated with an anti-icing coating after irradiation with a 300W xenon lamp for 5 minutes;

[0022] Figure 5 The electric thermal infrared thermal imaging images of the green and environmentally friendly new type of light / electrothermal effect anti-icing and deicing coating prepared in Example 1, (a) infrared thermal imaging of a smooth aluminum sheet at a voltage of 10V for 10 minutes, (b) infrared thermal imaging of an aluminum sheet coated with an anti-icing coating at a voltage of 10V for 10 minutes;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a water contact angle diagram of the green and environmentally friendly new type of photo / electrothermal effect anti-icing and deicing coating prepared in Example 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Specific implementation method 1: This implementation method is a green and environmentally friendly new type of photo / electro-thermal effect anti-icing and de-icing coating preparation method, which is carried out according to the following steps:

[0025] 1. Preparation of anti-icing and deicing coating solution:

[0026] Conductive carbon black is added into distilled water for ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a conductive carbon black slurry, and then, under stirring conditions, tetratitanium heptoxide nanoparticles, polydimethylsiloxane, octamethyltrisiloxane, polyvinyl alcohol solution, hexamethylene diisocyanate and sorbitol solution are sequentially added into the conductive carbon black slurry for uniform stirring to obtain an anti-icing and deicing coating solution;

[0027] 2. Preparation of anti-icing and de-icing coating:

[0028] The electrode is pasted on the aluminum substrate, and then the anti-icing and deicing coating solution is evenly coated on the aluminum substrate with a coating thickness of 1.5mm to 2.5mm, and finally dried to obtain a green and environmentally friendly new type of light / electrothermal effect anti-icing and deicing coating.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this embodiment are:

[0030] 1. In this embodiment, sorbitol, a sugar alcohol derivative extracted from waste straw, is added to achieve waste utilization. At the same time, because sorbitol has a long carbon skeleton and multiple hydroxyl groups, it can enhance the flexibility and elasticity of the coating, and react with hexamethylene diisocyanate to form a polyurethane network structure, which helps to improve the wear resistance of the coating.

[0031] 2. Adding octamethyltrisiloxane (MDM) improves the hydrophobicity of the coating. MDM is a small molecular weight linear structure with low surface tension, which can well fill the gaps between polydimethylsiloxane molecules. The combination of polydimethylsiloxane and octamethyltrisiloxane can provide excellent hydrophobicity.

[0032] 3. Traditional anti-icing coatings cannot achieve complete de-icing. This embodiment uses a photothermal and electrothermal synergistic anti-icing / de-icing method to achieve rapid anti-icing / de-icing regardless of whether the lighting conditions are sufficient.

[0033] 4. The conductive carbon black used in this embodiment has a certain rough structure. The combination of polydimethylsiloxane and octamethyltrisiloxane can make the conductive carbon black more evenly dispersed in the solution and act on the surface of the conductive carbon black to form more uniform nipple-like protrusions, increase the surface roughness, and thus provide excellent hydrophobicity.

[0034] 5. In the prior art, materials containing fluorine are often used for the selection of coating raw materials, but this embodiment does not use raw materials containing fluorine, and adds sorbitol, a sugar alcohol derivative extracted from straw, which is non-polluting to the environment. This embodiment has a simple process and a short preparation time.

[0035] It can be seen that the coating prepared in this embodiment maintains its excellent hydrophobicity, thermal conductivity, and outstanding photothermal and electrothermal anti-icing / de-icing capabilities.

[0036] Specific embodiment 2: This embodiment is different from specific embodiment 1 in that: the mass percentage of the conductive carbon black slurry described in step 1 is 10% to 20%; the mass percentage of the polyvinyl alcohol solution described in step 1 is 10% to 25%; the mass percentage of the sorbitol solution described in step 1 is 5% to 15%. Others are the same as specific embodiment 1.

[0037] Specific implementation method 3: This implementation method is different from specific implementation method 1 or 2 in that: the mass ratio of the conductive carbon black to the tetratitanium heptoxide nanoparticles in step 1 is 1:(0.2-0.4); the particle size of the tetratitanium heptoxide nanoparticles in step 1 is 100-200 meshes. The rest is the same as specific implementation method 1 or 2.

[0038] Specific embodiment 4: This embodiment differs from one of specific embodiments 1 to 3 in that the mass ratio of the conductive carbon black to the polydimethylsiloxane in step 1 is 1:(0.1-0.25). Others are the same as specific embodiments 1 to 3.

[0039] Specific embodiment 5: This embodiment differs from one of specific embodiments 1 to 4 in that the mass ratio of the conductive carbon black to octamethyltrisiloxane in step 1 is 1:((0.05-0.1). The rest is the same as specific embodiments 1 to 4.

[0040] Specific implementation method 6: This implementation method is different from specific implementation methods 1 to 5 in that the mass ratio of the conductive carbon black to the polyvinyl alcohol solution in step 1 is 1:(0.05-0.1). Other aspects are the same as specific implementation methods 1 to 5.

[0041] Specific embodiment 7: This embodiment differs from Specific embodiments 1 to 6 in that the mass ratio of the conductive carbon black to hexamethylene diisocyanate in step 1 is 1:(0.5-1). Others are the same as Specific embodiments 1 to 6.

[0042] Specific embodiment 8: This embodiment differs from Specific embodiments 1 to 7 in that the mass ratio of the conductive carbon black to the sorbitol solution in step 1 is 1:(0.03-0.1). The rest is the same as Specific embodiments 1 to 7.

[0043] Specific embodiment 9: This embodiment is different from specific embodiments 1 to 8 in that the polyvinyl alcohol solution described in step 1 is prepared according to the following steps: distilled water is heated to a temperature of 85°C to 97°C, polyvinyl alcohol is added, and heated and stirred for 15min to 30min at a temperature of 85°C to 97°C and a stirring speed of 500r / min to 900r / min. The rest is the same as specific embodiments 1 to 8.

[0044] Specific embodiment ten: This embodiment differs from any one of specific embodiments one to nine in that: in step one, at a power of 300W to 500W, conductive carbon black is added to distilled water for ultrasonic dispersion for 20min to 40min to obtain a conductive carbon black slurry, and then at a stirring speed of 500r / min to 900r / min, tetratitanium heptoxide nanoparticles are added to the conductive carbon black slurry and stirred for 5min to 15min, and then at a stirring speed of 500r / min to 900r / min, polydimethylsiloxane is added and stirred for 10min to 20min, and then at a stirring speed of 500r / min to 900r / min, the conductive carbon black slurry is ... Under the condition of 100r / min to 900r / min, octamethyl trisiloxane is added and stirred for 10min to 20min, then under the condition of 500r / min to 900r / min, polyvinyl alcohol solution is added and stirred for 50min to 100min, then under the condition of 500r / min to 900r / min, hexamethylene diisocyanate is added and stirred for 15min to 30min, and finally under the condition of 500r / min to 900r / min, sorbitol solution is added and stirred for 10min to 20min to obtain an anti-icing and deicing coating solution. The rest is the same as the specific embodiments one to nine.

[0045] The following examples are used to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0046] Embodiment 1:

[0047] A method for preparing a new green and environmentally friendly light / electro-thermal effect anti-icing and de-icing coating is carried out in the following steps:

[0048] 1. Preparation of anti-icing and deicing coating solution:

[0049] Under the condition of power of 360W, conductive carbon black is added to distilled water for ultrasonic dispersion for 30 minutes to obtain conductive carbon black slurry, and then under the condition of stirring speed of 800r / min, tetratitanium heptoxide nanoparticles are added to the conductive carbon black slurry and stirred for 10 minutes, and then under the condition of stirring speed of 800r / min, polydimethylsiloxane is added and stirred for 10 minutes, and then under the condition of stirring speed of 800r / min, octamethyltrisiloxane is added and stirred for 10 minutes, and then under the condition of stirring speed of 800r / min, polyvinyl alcohol solution is added and stirred for 1.5 hours, and then under the condition of stirring speed of 800r / min, hexamethylene diisocyanate is added and stirred for 20 minutes, and finally under the condition of stirring speed of 800r / min, sorbitol solution is added and stirred for 10 minutes to obtain anti-icing and deicing coating solution;

[0050] The mass percentage of the conductive carbon black slurry is 20%; the mass percentage of the polyvinyl alcohol solution is 15%; the mass percentage of the sorbitol solution is 5%;

[0051] The mass ratio of the conductive carbon black to the tetratitanium heptoxide nanoparticles is 1:0.27; the average particle size of the tetratitanium heptoxide nanoparticles in step 1 is 150 mesh;

[0052] The mass ratio of the conductive carbon black to polydimethylsiloxane is 1:0.17;

[0053] The mass ratio of the conductive carbon black to octamethyltrisiloxane is 1:0.07;

[0054] The mass ratio of the conductive carbon black to the polyvinyl alcohol solution is 1:0.07;

[0055] The mass ratio of the conductive carbon black to hexamethylene diisocyanate is 1:0.53;

[0056] The mass ratio of the conductive carbon black to the sorbitol solution is 1:0.07;

[0057] 2. Preparation of anti-icing and de-icing coating:

[0058] The copper electrode was pasted on the aluminum substrate, and then the anti-icing and deicing coating solution was evenly coated on the aluminum substrate with a coating thickness of 1.5 mm. Finally, it was dried for 3 hours at a temperature of 60°C to obtain a new green and environmentally friendly light / electrothermal effect anti-icing and deicing coating.

[0059] The polyvinyl alcohol solution described in step 1 is specifically prepared according to the following steps: distilled water is heated to a temperature of 90° C., polyvinyl alcohol is then added, and heating and stirring are performed for 0.3 h at a temperature of 90° C. and a stirring speed of 500 r / min.

[0060] Embodiment 2: This embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 in that the mass ratio of the conductive carbon black to hexamethylene diisocyanate in step 1 is 1:0.9. The rest is the same as Embodiment 1.

[0061] Figure 1 This is a scanning electron microscope image of the green and environmentally friendly new photo / electrothermal effect anti-icing and deicing coating prepared in Example 1; as can be seen from the figure, the new photo / electrothermal effect anti-icing and deicing coating presents more rough void structures and nipple-like protrusions at the micro-nano scale, and the 500nm microscopic magnified image shows that the nipple-like protrusions on the coating surface are more obvious, which can improve the coating's ability to capture air, thereby improving hydrophobicity and reducing ice adhesion.

[0062] Figure 2This is a water contact angle diagram of the green and environmentally friendly new photo / electro-thermal effect anti-icing and de-icing coating prepared in Example 1; as can be seen from the figure, the water contact angle of the new photo / electro-thermal effect anti-icing and de-icing coating is 153°, which has super-hydrophobic properties. This is because the combination of octamethyltrisiloxane (MDM) and PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) forms nipple-like protrusions on the surface of conductive carbon black, increases the pore structure, improves the ability to store air, increases the water contact angle, and thus reduces ice adhesion.

[0063] A high-viscosity tape was pasted on the surface of the anti-icing coating, and then a weight of 100 grams was applied to the tape. The weight rolled over the entire tape surface at a moving speed of 10 mm / s and then peeled off. After 10 test cycles, the water contact angle on the coating sample surface was measured using a contact angle meter. Figure 3 This is a tape peeling test diagram of the green and environmentally friendly new photo / electrothermal effect anti-icing and deicing coating prepared in Example 1; it can be seen from the figure that after 10 peeling cycles, the surface water contact angle of the new photo / electrothermal effect anti-icing and deicing coating remains basically unchanged, only decreasing from 153° to 148°, indicating that the coating has good wear resistance and adhesion ability.

[0064] Figure 4 The photothermal infrared thermal imaging images of the green and environmentally friendly new photo / electrothermal effect anti-icing and de-icing coating prepared in Example 1, (a) infrared thermal imaging image of a smooth aluminum sheet after irradiation with a 300W xenon lamp for 5 minutes, (b) infrared thermal imaging image of an aluminum sheet coated with an anti-icing coating after irradiation with a 300W xenon lamp for 5 minutes; the temperature of the new photo / electrothermal effect anti-icing and de-icing coating rises rapidly within 60 seconds to 44°C under the irradiation of a xenon lamp (300W) simulating sunlight, and the surface temperature of the coating can reach 50.6°C from room temperature 30°C in just five minutes. Therefore, it can be concluded that the new photo / electrothermal effect anti-icing and de-icing coating has excellent photothermal performance.

[0065] Figure 5 The electric thermal infrared thermal imaging images of the green and environmentally friendly new light / electrothermal effect anti-icing and deicing coating prepared in Example 1, (a) infrared thermal imaging of a smooth aluminum sheet at 10V voltage for 10 minutes, (b) infrared thermal imaging of an aluminum sheet coated with an anti-icing coating at 10V voltage for 10 minutes; the surface temperature of the new light / electrothermal effect anti-icing and deicing coating rises rapidly within 100 seconds at 10V voltage, reaching 40.8°C, and finally rises to 45.5°C in 10 minutes. Therefore, it can be concluded that the new light / electrothermal effect anti-icing and deicing coating has excellent electric thermal performance.

[0066] Figure 6 This is a water contact angle diagram of the green and environmentally friendly new type of photo / electrothermal effect anti-icing and deicing coating prepared in Example 2; as can be seen from the figure, the water contact angle of the coating is 149°, and the water contact angle is reduced.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a new green and environmentally friendly light / electro-thermal effect anti-icing and de-icing coating, characterized in that It is carried out in the following steps:

1. Preparation of anti-icing and deicing coating solution: Conductive carbon black is added into distilled water for ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a conductive carbon black slurry, and then, under stirring conditions, tetratitanium heptoxide nanoparticles, polydimethylsiloxane, octamethyltrisiloxane, polyvinyl alcohol solution, hexamethylene diisocyanate and sorbitol solution are sequentially added into the conductive carbon black slurry for uniform stirring to obtain an anti-icing and deicing coating solution; 2. Preparation of anti-icing and de-icing coating: The electrode is pasted on the aluminum substrate, and then the anti-icing and deicing coating solution is evenly coated on the aluminum substrate with a coating thickness of 1.5mm to 2.5mm, and finally dried to obtain a green and environmentally friendly new type of light / electrothermal effect anti-icing and deicing coating.

2. The method for preparing a green and environmentally friendly novel photo / electro-thermal effect anti-icing and de-icing coating according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass percentage of the conductive carbon black slurry described in step one is 10% to 20%; the mass percentage of the polyvinyl alcohol solution described in step one is 10% to 25%; the mass percentage of the sorbitol solution described in step one is 5% to 15%.

3. The method for preparing a green and environmentally friendly novel light / electro-thermal effect anti-icing and de-icing coating according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass ratio of the conductive carbon black to the tetratitanium heptoxide nanoparticles described in step 1 is 1:(0.2-0.4); the particle size of the tetratitanium heptoxide nanoparticles described in step 1 is 100 mesh to 200 mesh.

4. The method for preparing a green and environmentally friendly novel light / electro-thermal effect anti-icing and de-icing coating according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass ratio of the conductive carbon black to the polydimethylsiloxane described in step 1 is 1:(0.1-0.25).

5. The method for preparing a green and environmentally friendly novel light / electro-thermal effect anti-icing and de-icing coating according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass ratio of the conductive carbon black to octamethyltrisiloxane described in step 1 is 1:((0.05-0.1).

6. The method for preparing a green and environmentally friendly novel photo / electro-thermal effect anti-icing and de-icing coating according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass ratio of the conductive carbon black to the polyvinyl alcohol solution described in step 1 is 1:(0.05-0.1).

7. The method for preparing a green and environmentally friendly novel photo / electro-thermal effect anti-icing and de-icing coating according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass ratio of the conductive carbon black to hexamethylene diisocyanate described in step 1 is 1:(0.5-1).

8. The method for preparing a green and environmentally friendly novel photo / electro-thermal effect anti-icing and de-icing coating according to claim 1, characterized in that The mass ratio of the conductive carbon black to the sorbitol solution described in step 1 is 1:(0.03-0.1).

9. The method for preparing a green and environmentally friendly novel photo / electro-thermal effect anti-icing and de-icing coating according to claim 1, characterized in that The polyvinyl alcohol solution described in step 1 is specifically prepared according to the following steps: distilled water is heated to a temperature of 85°C to 97°C, polyvinyl alcohol is then added, and heating and stirring are performed for 15min to 30min at a temperature of 85°C to 97°C and a stirring speed of 500r / min to 900r / min.

10. The method for preparing a green and environmentally friendly novel photo / electro-thermal effect anti-icing and de-icing coating according to claim 1, characterized in that In step 1, under the condition of power of 300W to 500W, conductive carbon black is added to distilled water for ultrasonic dispersion for 20min to 40min to obtain conductive carbon black slurry, and then under the condition of stirring speed of 500r / min to 900r / min, tetratitanium heptoxide nanoparticles are added to the conductive carbon black slurry and stirred for 5min to 15min, and then under the condition of stirring speed of 500r / min to 900r / min, polydimethylsiloxane is added and stirred for 10min to 20min, and then under the condition of stirring speed of 500r / min to 900r / min, the conductive carbon black slurry is ... n, add octamethyltrisiloxane and stir for 10 min to 20 min, then add polyvinyl alcohol solution and stir for 50 min to 100 min under the condition of stirring speed of 500 r / min to 900 r / min, then add hexamethylene diisocyanate and stir for 15 min to 30 min under the condition of stirring speed of 500 r / min to 900 r / min, finally add sorbitol solution and stir for 10 min to 20 min under the condition of stirring speed of 500 r / min to 900 r / min to obtain an anti-icing and deicing coating solution.

Images