Tunneling integrated large boulder treatment system and method
Through an integrated system, the excavation module and the solitary stone fracturing module are used to split and remove the solitary stone fragments, which solves the problem of unreasonable explosives in the traditional blasting and demolition method, and achieves efficient and safe solitary stone treatment, reducing construction costs. and risks.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411400298.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-09
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-14
AI Technical Summary
When demolishing large lone stones in traditional blasting, unreasonable explosives will pose a threat to construction safety, and the processing process will be complex and time-consuming.
Using an integrated system, tunnel is opened through the excavation module, and the lone stone detection module is used to detect the position and shape of the lone stone. The lone stone fracturing module performs drilling and fracturing operations, splits the lone stone into pieces, and wraps it with an iron mesh and takes it out. , avoid the use of explosives, improve the processing efficiency and safety.
Effectively dealing with larger lone stones improves excavation efficiency, reduces construction costs, avoids the threat of unreasonable explosives to construction safety, and ensures construction safety and efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN119308679A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel shield construction, and in particular to a system and method for processing relatively large boulders in an integrated manner during tunnel excavation. Background Art
[0002] As the scale of cities continues to expand, the shortage of ground construction space resources has greatly intensified people's development and utilization of areas prone to geological disasters. During tunnel construction, obstacles such as boulders (stones without fixed positions) are often encountered. Boulders can be divided into two categories according to their causes: First, boulders formed by inconsistent weathering of granite, that is, under the action of groundwater, the original rock in the crack development area has a higher degree of weathering, and the original rock in the relatively undeveloped area has a lower degree of weathering. The uneven and irregular development of the cracks leads to uneven weathering, which eventually forms boulders; Second, boulders transported by ancient river channels, because the boulders formed by nature are washed by rainwater and transported by rivers, and finally deposited at the bottom of the river channel, they are basically in silty soil and silt-sand strata, and their strength is very high. The distribution of boulders is uneven, and the size and position are difficult to accurately determine, and the processing process is extremely complex and difficult.
[0003] The shield tunneling in the boulder stratum brings great uncertainty to the construction, which will not only affect the construction progress, but also threaten the safety of tunnel use. The specific manifestations are: ① The tunneling is very difficult and the cutterhead is frequently stuck; ② The shield machine posture is difficult to control; ③ The cutter is severely worn, the cutter ring is broken, and the cutter seat and cutterhead are deformed; ④ It is difficult to replace the cutter, the granite residual layer is unstable, it expands and disintegrates when it encounters water, and it becomes muddy and flows. It is necessary to reinforce the ground or the cave, and then replace the cutter with air pressure after reinforcement, which consumes a lot of time; ⑤ The excavation vibration is large, which is not conducive to the protection of ground buildings, etc. Therefore, it is very important to have an effective treatment technology for the boulders within the tunnel range.
[0004] Traditional boulder handling technologies include the following: ① Blasting demolition: For larger boulders, blasting demolition is used, but it is necessary to reasonably determine the blasting parameters and direction, and reasonably set up the blasting equipment to ensure the effectiveness and safety of the demolition; ② Mechanical cleaning: For smaller gravel and debris, mechanical cleaning can be used, that is, using professional equipment such as excavators to centrally clean and transport the boulders; ③ Protective facilities: During the construction and use of the tunnel, protective facilities such as stone retaining walls and wire mesh can be set up to fix and protect the boulders and reduce their impact on the tunnel.
[0005] However, when using traditional blasting technology to remove larger boulders, using too little explosives will result in poor results, while using too much explosives will seriously threaten construction safety. Summary of the invention
[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a system and method for processing relatively large boulders in an integrated manner during tunnel excavation, aiming to solve the problem that unreasonable amount of explosives poses a threat to construction safety when removing boulders using existing blasting demolition methods.
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for processing relatively large boulders in an integrated manner during tunnel excavation, comprising the following steps:
[0008] The tunnel is excavated by the excavation module, and the location, size and shape of boulders are detected by the boulder detection module;
[0009] The boulder fracturing module performs pretreatment, drilling and fracturing operations based on the boulder location to split the boulder into boulder fragments;
[0010] An iron mesh is arranged to wrap the isolated rock fragments, and a groove is cut to take out the isolated rock fragments.
[0011] Wherein, the area around the isolated rock is pre-treated by drilling and grouting.
[0012] Wherein, the boulder fracturing module performs pretreatment, drilling and fracturing operations based on the boulder position, and splitting the boulder into boulder fragments further includes:
[0013] The tunnel diameter is enlarged by the driving module.
[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a system for processing relatively large boulders in an integrated manner during tunneling, comprising a tunneling module, a boulder detection module, a boulder fracturing module and an iron net, wherein the tunneling module is connected to the boulder detection module and the boulder fracturing module respectively;
[0015] The excavation module is used to excavate the tunnel and expand the tunnel diameter after fracturing the isolated rocks;
[0016] The boulder detection module is used to detect the position, size and shape of boulders in the tunnel;
[0017] The boulder fracturing module is used to perform grouting around the detected boulder, and to perform drilling and fracturing operations on the boulder, so as to split the boulder into boulder fragments;
[0018] The iron net is used to wrap the isolated rock fragments, and the excavation work of the excavation module is resumed after the isolated rock fragments are taken out from the stone discharge chute.
[0019] The tunneling module includes a main body, a signal acquisition unit, a control unit, a cutter head, a cutting knife, a pressure receiver, a diameter expanding knife and a signal transmission line. The main body is connected to the signal acquisition unit, the control unit and the cutter head respectively. The cutting knife, the pressure receiver and the diameter expanding knife are connected to the cutter head respectively. The signal transmission line is connected to the signal acquisition unit, the control unit and the pressure receiver respectively.
[0020] The main body provides an installation location for the signal acquisition unit, the control unit, the cutter head, the cutting knife, the pressure receiver, the expansion knife, the signal transmitting board and the signal transmission line;
[0021] The signal acquisition unit is used to acquire the pressure signal received by the pressure receiver during the excavation process;
[0022] The control unit controls the excavation state based on the pressure signal collected by the signal collection unit;
[0023] The cutterhead is used for tunnel construction, excavation of face rock and soil, stabilization of face and mixing of soil;
[0024] The cutting blade is used to cut rock and soil into smaller particles;
[0025] The pressure receiver is used to collect the pressure borne by the cutting blade;
[0026] The expansion cutter is used to expand the tunnel diameter;
[0027] The signal transmission line is used for data transmission among the signal acquisition unit, the control unit, the pressure receiver and the signal transmitting board.
[0028] The boulder detection module includes a signal transmitting board and a signal collecting rod, wherein the signal transmitting board is connected to the cutter head, and the signal collecting rod is buried in an unexcavated area obliquely in front of the tunnel working face;
[0029] The signal transmitting board is used to transmit signals to explore the location, size and shape of the boulder;
[0030] The signal collection rod is used to collect the signal emitted by the signal transmitting plate for detecting boulders.
[0031] Wherein, the solitary rock fracturing module comprises a fracturing unit and a drill pipe, and the fracturing unit and the drill pipe are respectively connected to the signal transmission line;
[0032] The drill rod is used to drill holes into the boulders;
[0033] The fracturing unit is used to fracture the boulder in the borehole, and to fracture the boulder into boulder fragments.
[0034] The present invention discloses a method for processing relatively large boulders in an integrated manner during tunnel excavation. The tunnel is excavated by an excavation module, and the position, size and shape of the boulder are detected by a boulder detection module. The boulder fracturing module performs pretreatment, drilling and fracturing operations based on the boulder position to split the boulder into boulder fragments. An iron mesh is arranged to wrap the boulder fragments, and grooves are made to take out the boulder fragments. The method can effectively process boulders, improve excavation efficiency, and reduce construction costs. There is no need to use explosives to remove boulders, and the threat to construction safety caused by unreasonable amount of explosives in blasting demolition methods is avoided. The problem of the threat to construction safety caused by unreasonable amount of explosives in existing blasting demolition methods when removing boulders is solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art are briefly introduced below.
[0036] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of a method for processing relatively large boulders in an integrated manner during tunnel excavation.
[0037] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a system for processing relatively large boulders in an integrated manner during tunnel excavation according to the present invention.
[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of drilling into a solitary rock.
[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of directional fracturing boulders.
[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of expanding the tunnel diameter.
[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the iron mesh wrapped around the isolated rock fragments.
[0042] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of cutting grooves to remove isolated stone fragments.
[0043] In the figure: 1-main body, 2-signal acquisition unit, 3-control unit, 4-cutter head, 5-cutting knife, 6-pressure receiver, 7-expanding knife, 8-signal transmitting board, 9-signal acquisition rod, 10-detection signal, 11-fracturing unit, 12-drill rod, 13-isolated stone, 14-drill hole, 15-fracturing crack, 16-iron net, 17-isolated stone fragments, 18-stone discharge trough, 19-signal transmission line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0044] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
[0045] See also Figure 1 In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for processing relatively large boulders in an integrated manner during tunnel excavation, comprising the following steps:
[0046] S1 excavates the tunnel through the excavation module and detects the position, size and shape of the boulder 13 through the boulder detection module;
[0047] S2 boulder fracturing module performs pretreatment, drilling 14 and fracturing operations based on the position of the boulder 13, splitting the boulder 13 into boulder fragments 17;
[0048] Specifically, the excavation module continues to excavate the tunnel to expand the diameter of the tunnel.
[0049] The position of the boulder 13 is pre-processed by drilling and grouting, and the purpose of grouting is to fix the boulder 13 to prevent the boulder 13 from moving in the soil during subsequent processing.
[0050] S3: Arrange the iron mesh 16 to wrap the isolated rock fragments 17, and make grooves to take out the isolated rock fragments 17.
[0051] See also Figures 2 to 7 In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a system for processing relatively large boulders in an integrated manner during tunneling, comprising a tunneling module, a boulder detection module, a boulder fracturing module and an iron net 16, wherein the tunneling module is connected to the boulder detection module and the boulder fracturing module respectively;
[0052] Furthermore, the excavation module is used to excavate the tunnel and expand the diameter of the tunnel after fracturing the isolated rocks;
[0053] The boulder detection module is used to detect the position, size and shape of the boulder 13 in the tunnel;
[0054] The boulder fracturing module is used to perform grouting around the detected boulder 13, and to perform drilling 14 and fracturing operations on the boulder, so as to split the boulder 13 into boulder fragments 17;
[0055] The iron net 16 is used to wrap the isolated rock fragments 17, and the excavation work of the excavation module is resumed after the isolated rock fragments are taken out from the stone discharge chute.
[0056] In this embodiment, the tunnel is first excavated by the excavation module and the tunnel diameter is expanded. The boulder detection module is then used to emit a detection signal 10 to detect the position, size and shape of the boulder 13 in the excavated tunnel. The boulder fracturing module performs grouting, drilling 14 and fracturing operations on the detected boulder 13 to split the boulder 13 into boulder fragments 17. Finally, the iron mesh 16 is laid to wrap the boulder fragments 17, and then a tunnel is excavated from the outside of the working face to open a stone discharge trough 18 towards the unexcavated tunnel. The boulder fragments 17 wrapped by the iron mesh 16 in the unexcavated tunnel are removed from the stone discharge trough 18 to complete the boulder 13 processing work, and the excavation work of the excavation module is resumed.
[0057] Further, the excavation module includes a main body 1, a signal acquisition unit 2, a control unit 3, a cutter head 4, a cutting knife 5, a pressure receiver 6, a diameter expanding knife 7 and a signal transmission line 19, the main body 1 is connected to the signal acquisition unit 2, the control unit 3 and the cutter head 4 respectively, the cutting knife 5, the pressure receiver 6 and the diameter expanding knife 7 are connected to the cutter head 4 respectively, and the signal transmission line 19 is connected to the signal acquisition unit 2, the control unit 3 and the pressure receiver 6 respectively;
[0058] The main body 1 provides an installation location for the signal acquisition unit 2, the control unit 3, the cutter head 4, the cutting knife 5, the pressure receiver 6, the expansion knife 7, the signal transmitting board 8 and the signal transmission line 19;
[0059] The signal acquisition unit 2 is used to acquire the pressure signal received by the pressure receiver 6 during the excavation process;
[0060] The control unit 3 controls the excavation state based on the pressure signal collected by the signal collection unit 2;
[0061] The cutterhead 4 is used for tunnel construction, excavation of face rock and soil, stabilization of face and mixing of soil;
[0062] The cutting blade 5 is used to cut the rock and soil into smaller particles;
[0063] The pressure receiver 6 is used to collect the pressure borne by the cutting blade 5;
[0064] The diameter enlarging cutter 7 is used to enlarge the tunnel diameter;
[0065] The signal transmission line 19 is used for data transmission among the signal acquisition unit 2 , the control unit 3 , the pressure receiver 6 and the signal transmitting board 8 .
[0066] In this embodiment, the main body 1 provides an installation place for the signal acquisition unit 2, the control unit 3, the cutter disc 4, the cutting knife 5, the pressure receiver 6, the expanding knife 7, the signal transmitting board 8 and the signal transmission line 19; the signal acquisition unit 2 collects the pressure signal received by the pressure receiver 6 during the excavation process, and the control unit 3 controls the excavation state based on the pressure signal collected by the signal acquisition unit 2. The cutter disc 4 is used for tunnel construction excavation, excavation of the face rock and soil, stabilization of the face and mixing of the soil. The cutting knife 5 is used to cut the rock and soil into smaller particles to facilitate the advancement of the shield machine. The pressure receiver 6 is used to collect the pressure exerted on the cutting knife 5 and transmit it to the signal acquisition unit 2 through the signal transmission line 19. The expanding knife 7 is used to expand the diameter of the tunnel. There are 4 expanding knives 7. At the edge of the cutter disc 4, the signal transmission line 19 is used for data transmission between the signal acquisition unit 2, the control unit 3, the pressure receiver 6 and the signal transmitting board 8.
[0067] The boulder detection module includes a signal transmitting board 8 and a signal collecting rod 9, wherein the signal transmitting board 8 is connected to the cutter head 4, and the signal collecting rod 9 is connected to the signal transmitting board 8;
[0068] The signal transmitting board 8 is used to transmit signals to explore the position, size and shape of the solitary stone 13;
[0069] The signal collection rod 9 is used to collect the signal emitted by the signal emission plate 8 to detect the boulder 13 .
[0070] In this embodiment, the signal transmitting board 8 is controlled by the control unit 3 through the signal transmission line 19, and is used to transmit signals to explore the position, size and shape of the boulder 13. The signal collection rod 9 collects the signal emitted by the signal transmitting board 8 to detect the boulder 13. The signal collection rod 9 is buried obliquely in front of the tunnel working face (unexcavated area).
[0071] Further, the solitary rock fracturing module includes a fracturing unit 11 and a drill pipe 12, and the fracturing unit 11 and the drill pipe 12 are respectively connected to the signal transmission line 19;
[0072] The drill rod 12 is used to drill a hole 14 into the boulder 13;
[0073] The fracturing unit 11 is used to fracture the boulder 13 in the borehole 14 to fracture the boulder 13 into boulder fragments 17 .
[0074] In this embodiment, the drill rod 12 is controlled by the control unit 3 , and its main function is to drill a hole 14 into the boulder 13 , so that the fracturing unit 11 can fracture the boulder 13 into boulder fragments 17 inside the boulder 13 .
[0075] During specific use, when digging a tunnel, the cutter head 4 at the front end of the main body 1 rotates, driving the cutting blade 5 to continuously cut the soil and dig forward. The control unit 3 controls the signal transmitting plate 8 to continuously transmit the detection signal 10 through the signal transmission line 19. The detection signal 10 propagates forward in the soil, and the signal collection rod 9 in front of the working face receives the detection signal 10. When the detection signal 10 encounters a boulder 13, due to the different propagation speeds of the detection signal 10 in the soil and the boulder 13, the position, size and shape of the boulder 13 can be detected according to this principle. When the detection signal 10 detects a larger boulder 13 through the feedback analysis of the signal collection rod 9, the boulder 13 is grouted and fixed to prevent the boulder 13 from moving in the soil during subsequent processing. Then, the control unit 3 controls the drill rod 12 through the signal transmission line 19 to drill holes 14 in sequence at the set positions of the boulder 13;
[0076] After the drilling 14 of the boulder 13 is completed, the control unit 3 controls the fracturing unit 11 through the signal transmission line 19 to perform directional fracturing on the boulder 13, forming a fracturing crack 15 inside the boulder 13, and splitting the boulder 13 into a plurality of boulder fragments 17;
[0077] After the boulder 13 is split into a plurality of boulder fragments 17, the diameter expansion cutter 7 on the edge of the cutter head 4 starts to work to increase the diameter of the tunnel; after the diameter of the tunnel is expanded, the drilling 14 is performed in the diameter expansion area, and the iron mesh 16 is arranged in the hole so that the iron mesh 16 wraps the boulder fragments 17;
[0078] After the iron mesh 16 wraps the isolated rock fragments 17, a stone removal chute 18 is opened from the tunnel excavated from the outside of the working face to the unexcavated tunnel, and the isolated rock fragments 17 wrapped by the iron mesh 16 in the unexcavated tunnel are taken out from the stone removal chute 18, completing the isolated rock 13 processing work and resuming normal excavation work.
[0079] The above disclosure is only a preferred embodiment of a system and method for processing large boulders in an integrated manner during tunnel excavation of the present application, and cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand that all or part of the processes of the above embodiments and equivalent changes made in accordance with the claims of the present application are still within the scope covered by the present application.
Claims
1. A method for handling large boulders in an integrated tunnel excavation process, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The tunnel is excavated by the excavation module, and the location, size and shape of boulders are detected by the boulder detection module; The boulder fracturing module performs pretreatment, drilling and fracturing operations based on the boulder location to split the boulder into boulder fragments; An iron mesh is arranged to wrap the isolated rock fragments, and a groove is cut to take out the isolated rock fragments.
2. A method for handling large boulders in a tunnel excavation system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The area around the solitary rock is pre-treated by drilling and grouting.
3. The method for treating large boulders in a tunnel excavation system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The boulder fracturing module performs pre-processing, drilling and fracturing operations based on the boulder position, and splitting the boulder into boulder fragments further comprises: The tunnel diameter is enlarged by the boring module.
4. A system for processing large boulders in an integrated manner during tunneling, a method for processing large boulders in an integrated manner during tunneling as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: It includes a tunneling module, a boulder detection module, a boulder fracturing module and an iron net, wherein the tunneling module is connected to the boulder detection module and the boulder fracturing module respectively; The excavation module is used to excavate the tunnel and expand the tunnel diameter after fracturing the isolated rocks; The boulder detection module is used to detect the position, size and shape of boulders in the tunnel; The boulder fracturing module is used to inject grout around the detected boulder, and to perform drilling and fracturing operations on the boulder to split the boulder into boulder fragments; The iron net is used to wrap the isolated rock fragments, and the excavation work of the excavation module is resumed after the isolated rock fragments are taken out from the stone discharge chute.
5. A system for handling large boulders in an integrated tunnel excavation process as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The excavation module comprises a main body, a signal acquisition unit, a control unit, a cutter head, a cutting knife, a pressure receiver, a diameter expanding knife and a signal transmission line, wherein the main body is connected to the signal acquisition unit, the control unit and the cutter head respectively, the cutting knife, the pressure receiver and the diameter expanding knife are connected to the cutter head respectively, and the signal transmission line is connected to the signal acquisition unit, the control unit and the pressure receiver respectively; The main body provides an installation location for the signal acquisition unit, the control unit, the cutter head, the cutting knife, the pressure receiver, the expansion knife, the signal transmitting board and the signal transmission line; The signal acquisition unit is used to acquire the pressure signal received by the pressure receiver during the excavation process; The control unit controls the excavation state based on the pressure signal collected by the signal collection unit; The cutterhead is used for tunnel construction, excavation of face rock and soil, stabilization of face and mixing of soil; The cutting blade is used to cut the soil into smaller particles; The pressure receiver is used to collect the pressure borne by the cutting blade; The expansion cutter is used to expand the tunnel diameter; The signal transmission line is used for data transmission among the signal acquisition unit, the control unit, the pressure receiver and the signal transmitting board.
6. A system for handling large boulders in an integrated tunnel excavation process as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The boulder detection module includes a signal transmitting board and a signal collecting rod, wherein the signal transmitting board is connected to the cutter head, and the signal collecting rod is buried in an unexcavated area obliquely in front of the tunnel working face; The signal transmitting board is used to transmit signals to explore the location, size and shape of the boulder; The signal collection rod is used to collect the signal emitted by the signal transmitting plate for detecting boulders.
7. The system for handling large boulders in a tunnel boring system as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The solitary rock fracturing module comprises a fracturing unit and a drill pipe, and the fracturing unit and the drill pipe are respectively connected to the signal transmission line; The drill rod is used to drill holes into the boulders; The fracturing unit is used to fracture the boulder in the borehole, and to fracture the boulder into boulder fragments.