Tidal current energy fixed-pitch generator set

Abstract

The invention discloses a tidal current energy fixed-pitch generator set which comprises a generator, a gearbox, a main blade, a controller and a main shaft seal, a clutch, a torque sensor and an auxiliary operation device are sequentially arranged behind the generator, and the auxiliary operation device comprises two sector plates connected to a shell and symmetrically arranged on the two sides of a main shaft. A conductive layer is arranged on the main shaft, a magnetic steel sheet is fixed on the sector plate, one end of the sector plate is fixed on the inner wall surface of the shell, the other end of the sector plate is elastically connected with the shell, the auxiliary operation device is connected and disconnected with the main shaft through the clutch, and the controller controls the rotation angle of the sector plate according to the torque value of the torque sensor. The auxiliary operation device is used for solving the problems that a fixed-paddle unit cannot be started at high flow speed, overload occurs during operation, and brake impact is caused during shutdown.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean energy power generation, and in particular relates to a tidal current energy fixed-pitch generator set. Background Art

[0002] Tidal energy is a type of ocean energy that uses the energy of water flow formed by the rise and fall of tides to generate electricity. It is a green and clean energy source. The flow rate and direction of the tide changes over time during the tidal period.

[0003] Tidal energy generator sets are similar to wind power generation. They control the start and stop of the units by monitoring the flow velocity and direction of the incoming flow near the installation point of the units. Currently, the capacity of the units is generally below the MW level. Considering the cost and reliability of the units, most of them adopt a fixed-pitch blade structure without a variable pitch mechanism.

[0004] The problem with the fixed-pitch blade structure is that it can only be started at a low flow rate. At this time, the blade speed can be controlled below the rated flow rate and is relatively stable, so the inverter can be connected to the grid normally. However, this flow rate window period is often short and easy to miss. When the inflow is too large when the unit is started, the blade rotation speed will be too fast, and the unit will accelerate too fast, resulting in the inverter being unable to cut in and connect to the grid. The unit can only be forced to shut down and wait for the next tide period, which reduces the power generation time and reduces the economic benefits. If the inflow is too large during the operation of the unit, if the unit is not adjusted, it will cause an overload problem, and the capacity of the unit will need to be increased to increase the cost. For example, the commonly used speed reduction stall adjustment will cause vibration problems for the unit. When the unit is shut down, the unit speed fluctuates during the connection between the inverter electrical brake and the mechanical brake, which will cause a certain impact on the unit's transmission chain. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the present invention proposes a tidal current energy fixed pitch generator set. Through the invented auxiliary operation device, the problems in the start, operation and shutdown control of the tidal current energy generator set are optimized and improved.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: a tidal energy fixed pitch generator set, including a generator and a main blade connected to the main shaft output end of the generator through a gear box, and also including a controller and a main shaft seal arranged on the main shaft between the main blade and the gear box. The seal between the main blade and the gear box is realized by the main shaft seal. A clutch, a torque sensor and an auxiliary operation device located on the main shaft are arranged in sequence behind the generator. The auxiliary operation device arranged behind the generator is connected and disconnected with the main shaft through the clutch. The torque sensor behind the auxiliary operation device transmits the detected main shaft torque data to the controller, and the controller controls the clutch. The auxiliary operation device includes a shell sleeved outside the main shaft and two fan-shaped plates movably connected to the shell. The two fan-shaped plates are radially symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the main shaft. A conductive layer is arranged on the main shaft section between the two fan-shaped plates. A magnetic steel sheet is fixed on the fan-shaped plate by gluing or the like. One end of the fan-shaped plate is fixed to the inner wall surface of the shell by a fixing device. The fan-shaped plate is fixed to the fixing device by a screw or the like. The other end is connected to the shell by an elastic connecting device. The elastic connecting device can drive the fan-shaped plate to rotate around the fixing device and thus change the distance between the fan-shaped plate and the conductive layer. The elastic connecting device is connected to a controller. The controller controls the rotation angle of the fan-shaped plate according to the torque value of the torque sensor.

[0007] Furthermore, the elastic connection device includes a motor and an elastic member arranged on the shell, the motor connection controller located above the main shaft, a roller is arranged on the output shaft of the motor, the two rollers arranged up and down are respectively connected to the top of the fan plate by a pull rope, and the elastic member is connected to the top of the fan plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the elastic connection device includes a hydraulic pump station arranged on the shell and a hydraulic cylinder connected to the hydraulic pump station through a pipeline. The three constitute a hydraulic system. The hydraulic pump station is connected to the controller, and the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the top of the fan plate through a hydraulic rod fixing device.

[0009] Furthermore, the hydraulic pump station, pipelines, hydraulic cylinders and hydraulic rod fixing devices are multiple groups, forming multiple hydraulic systems.

[0010] Furthermore, the two sector plates and the conductive layer fall on circles of different radii that are concentric with the main axis.

[0011] Furthermore, the controller is a PLC controller.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the auxiliary operation device of this patent generates magnetic resistance based on the magnetic field between the conductive layer and the main shaft that is cut as the main shaft rotates. The magnetic resistance is controlled by controlling the distance between the magnetic steel sheet and the conductive layer and changing the strength of the magnetic field therebetween. The clutch also matches the torque data of the torque sensor fed back by the controller to provide appropriate resistance for the unit, thereby stabilizing the starting speed and allowing the unit to be stably and safely connected to the grid for power generation within any incoming flow range.

[0013] After the unit is connected to the grid, the controller can be used to control the clutch to disconnect and cut out the auxiliary operating device. When the unit is generating electricity normally, it will not be affected and will not cause efficiency loss. When the flow rate of the unit is too large and the unit is overloaded, it can be cut in to provide corresponding resistance and share part of the load. When the unit stops, it can be cut in to provide corresponding resistance to allow the unit to brake mechanically at a stable low speed as much as possible to reduce the impact on the unit's transmission chain.

[0014] The present invention ensures that the tidal fixed-pitch propeller generator set can be safely and stably connected to the grid, operated and shut down under various flow rates, and can be switched off in time when the set is generating electricity normally without affecting the power generation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is the overall structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the elastic connection device of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the second embodiment of the elastic connection device of the present invention.

[0016] The figures are marked as follows: 1—main blade, 2—main shaft seal, 3—gear box, 4—generator, 5—clutch, 6—torque sensor, 7—auxiliary operating device, 70—housing, 71—elastic member, 72—motor, 73—drum, 74—pull rope, 75—elastic connecting device, 751—hydraulic pump station, 752—pipeline, 753—hydraulic cylinder, 754—hydraulic rod fixing device, 76—fan plate, 77—magnetic steel sheet, 78—fixing device, 79—conductive layer, 8—main shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. For example, although the various components in the accompanying drawings are drawn in specific proportions, these proportional relationships are only exemplary, and those skilled in the art can make adjustments to them as needed to adapt to specific application scenarios.

[0018] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "inside" and "outside" indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the invention.

[0019] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0020] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the present invention discloses a tidal energy fixed-pitch generator set with a magnetic resistance operating device, including a generator 4 and a main blade 1 connected to the output end of the main shaft 8 of the generator 4 through a gear box 3, and also includes a controller and a main shaft seal 2 arranged on the main shaft 8 between the main blade 1 and the gear box 3. The controller is preferably a PLC controller, and the sealing of the main blade 1 and the gear box 3 is achieved by the main shaft seal 2. The tidal energy generator set drives the main blade 1 to rotate through a water flow at a certain flow rate, and then drives the gear box 3 to increase the speed, and then the generator 4 generates electricity. Considering the reliability and economy of underwater equipment, small and medium-capacity units often use fixed-pitch blades. When the inflow is too large when the unit starts, the blades rotate too fast and accelerate too fast, causing the inverter to be unable to cut in and connect to the grid. When the unit is generating electricity normally, if the inflow speed is greater than the rated flow rate, the power generation will exceed the rated power of the equipment and overload. When the unit is shut down, the inverter will electrically brake the unit to a certain speed and then exit, and then stop by mechanical brake. There is a time difference in the connection process, which causes the unit speed to fluctuate. The mechanical brake will cause a certain impact on the transmission chain of the unit. The present invention can solve this problem well, ensuring that the tidal fixed-pitch propeller generator set can be safely and stably connected to the grid, generate electricity, and shut down at various flow rates. At the same time, when the unit is generating electricity normally, it can be cut out without affecting the power generation efficiency.

[0021] The present invention sequentially arranges a clutch 5 and an auxiliary operating device 7 on the main shaft 8 behind the generator 4. The auxiliary operating device 7 arranged behind the generator 4 is connected and disconnected with the main shaft 8 through the clutch 5. The torque sensor 6 behind the auxiliary operating device 7 transmits the detected torque data of the main shaft 8 to the controller, and the controller controls the clutch 5. The auxiliary operating device 7 includes a shell 70 sleeved outside the main shaft 8 and two fan-shaped plates 76 movably connected to the shell 70. The two fan-shaped plates 76 are radially symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the main shaft 8. A conductive layer 79 is arranged on the main shaft 8 between the two fan-shaped plates 76. A magnetic steel is fixed to the fan-shaped plate 76 by bonding or the like. Slice 77, one end of the sector plate 76 is fixed to the inner wall of the shell 70 by a fixing device 78, the sector plate 76 is fixed to the fixing device 78 by a screw or the like, and the other end is connected to the shell 70 by an elastic connecting device 75, whereby the elastic connecting device 75 can drive the sector plate 76 to rotate around the fixing device 78 and thereby change the distance between the sector plate 76 and the conductive layer 79, wherein the two sector plates 76 and the conductive layer 79 fall on circles of different radii that are concentric with the main shaft 8, the elastic connecting device 75, the torque sensor 6 and the clutch 5 are respectively connected to the controller, the torque sensor 6 transmits data to the controller, and the controller controls the rotation angle of the sector plate 76 according to the torque value of the torque sensor 6.

[0022] As a first embodiment, refer to Figure 2 As shown, the elastic connecting device 75 includes a motor 72 and an elastic member 71 arranged on the shell 70. The motor 72 located above the main shaft 8 is connected to the controller. A roller 73 is arranged on the output shaft of the motor 72. A pull rope 74 is rolled up on the two rollers 73 arranged up and down, and the fan-shaped plates 76 are connected by the pull ropes 74 respectively. The top of the fan-shaped plate 76 has a hole. The pull rope 74 is preferably a steel rope connected to the top of the fan-shaped plate 76, and the elastic member 71 is also connected to the top of the fan-shaped plate 76. The motor 72 can rotate to drive the roller 73 to rotate, thereby controlling the length of the pull rope 74, pulling the fan-shaped plate 76 to rotate around the fixing device 78 to change the distance between the conductive layer 79 / main shaft 8, so that the controller controls the motor to adjust the angle of the fan-shaped plate according to the torque value.

[0023] The present invention solves the problems of the fixed-pitch unit failing to start at high flow rates, overload during operation, and brake impact during shutdown by using an auxiliary operating device 7: a magnetic field is generated between the magnetic steel sheet 77 and the main shaft 8, and when the main shaft 8 rotates, the conductive layer 79 rotates with the main shaft 8 to cut the magnetic field and generate magnetic resistance. When the motor 72 rotates, the drum 73 on the output shaft rolls up the pull rope 74 to pull the fan plate 76, thereby controlling the distance between the magnetic steel sheet 77 and the conductive layer 79, changing the strength of the magnetic field therebetween, and providing stable resistance for the unit by controlling the size of the magnetic resistance.

[0024] The clutch 5 is connected and disconnected with the main shaft 8 of the main blade 1 according to the torque value of the torque sensor 6 fed back by the controller, thereby providing rotational resistance to control the speed of the main blade 1 or cutting out without affecting the rotation of the main blade 1. After the unit is connected to the grid, the auxiliary operation device 7 can be disconnected by the clutch 5, so that the influence of the auxiliary operation device 7 on the normal power generation of the unit can be cut off without causing any loss in efficiency. By controlling the distance between the magnetic steel sheet 77 and the conductive layer 79, the strength of the magnetic field therebetween is changed, the size of the magnetic resistance is controlled, and at the same time, matching is performed according to the data of the torque sensor 6 to provide appropriate resistance for the unit, thereby stabilizing the starting speed and allowing the unit to be stably and safely connected to the grid for power generation within any incoming flow range.

[0025] In this embodiment, multiple rollers 73 are fixed in series on the output shaft of the motor 72, the elastic member 71 is connected to the top of the fan-shaped plate 76 and serves to limit the movement of the top of the fan-shaped plate 76, the bottom of the fan-shaped plate 76 is fixed to the fixing device 78 by a screw or the like and rotates with the screw as the axis, the number of the fan-shaped plates 76 and the magnetic steel sheets 77 can be one group or more, and the conductive layer 79 is preferably a section of copper coating on the outer circle of the steel shaft.

[0026] When the unit starts, when the torque sensor 6 detects that the torque exceeds the set upper limit torque, the controller connects the clutch 5 to the auxiliary operation device 7, and at the same time drives the rotating drum 73 through the motor 72 to adjust the length of the pull rope 74 to shorten, pull the fan plate 76 and the magnetic steel sheet 77 on it to rotate toward the main shaft 8 on the fixing device 78, so that the magnetic field strength between the magnetic steel sheet 77 and the main shaft 8 increases, thereby increasing the magnetic control resistance, and the torque sensor 6 adjusts to reach the target torque. After the unit is successfully connected to the grid, the controller controls the motor 72 to rotate through the clutch 5, adjusts the length of the pull rope 74 until the fan plate 76 is reset, and finally the clutch 5 is disconnected to cut out the auxiliary operation device 7.

[0027] When the unit needs to be shut down, the clutch 5 is connected to the auxiliary operation device 7, and the motor 72 drives the rotating drum 73 to adjust the length of the pull rope 74 to be shorter, and the torque sensor 6 is adjusted to reach the target braking torque. The unit speed is pulled down as low as possible by the inverter and then withdrawn, and then the mechanical brake is put into use. After the unit stops completely, the length of the pull rope 74 is adjusted until the fan plate 76 is reset, and finally the clutch 5 is disconnected to cut out the auxiliary operation device 7.

[0028] When the unit needs emergency shutdown, or the frequency converter cannot provide electrical braking due to a fault, the clutch 5 is connected to the auxiliary operation device 7 and the mechanical brake is activated at the same time to prevent the unit from running away.

[0029] As a second embodiment, refer to Figure 3As shown, the elastic connecting device 75 includes a hydraulic pump station 751 arranged on the shell 70 and a hydraulic cylinder 753 connected to the hydraulic pump station 751 through a pipeline 752. The three constitute a hydraulic system, and multiple groups can be set up. The hydraulic pump station 751 is connected to the controller, and the hydraulic rod fixing device 754 is fixed to the top of the fan plate 76.

[0030] In this embodiment, the elastic connection device 75 controls the hydraulic cylinder 753 through the hydraulic pump station 751 to change the distance between the magnetic steel sheet 77 and the main shaft 8. In this embodiment, the hydraulic system replaces the motor 72, the drum 73 and the pull rope 74, and the elastic connection device 75, the fan-shaped plate 76, the magnetic steel sheet 77, and the fixing device 78 constitute a distance control system, and the number of them should be an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0031] Through the application of the above patents, it is ensured that the tidal fixed-pitch propeller generator set can be safely and stably connected to the grid, generate electricity, and shut down under various flow rates. At the same time, when the set is generating electricity normally, it can be cut out without affecting the power generation efficiency.

[0032] The above embodiments are only illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, as well as some embodiments of its application. For those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements may be made without departing from the creative concept of the present invention, and all of these belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tidal current energy fixed pitch generator set, characterized in that: The invention comprises a generator (4) and a main blade (1) connected to the output end of a main shaft (8) of the generator (4) through a gear box (3), and also comprises a controller and a main shaft seal (2) arranged between the main blade (1) and the gear box (3), characterized in that: a clutch (5) located on the main shaft (8), a torque sensor (6) and an auxiliary operation device (7) are arranged in sequence behind the generator (4), and the auxiliary operation device (7) comprises a housing (70) and two fan-shaped housings movably connected to the housing (70). Plate (76), the two sector plates (76) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main shaft (8) in the radial direction, a conductive layer (79) is arranged on the main shaft (8) between the two sector plates (76), a magnetic steel sheet (77) is fixed on the sector plate (76), one end of the sector plate (76) is fixed to the inner wall surface of the housing (70) through a fixing device (78), and the other end is connected to the housing (70) through an elastic connecting device (75), and the elastic connecting device (75), the torque sensor (6) and the clutch (5) are respectively connected to the controller.

2. A tidal current energy fixed pitch generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic connection device (75) comprises a motor (72) and an elastic member (71) arranged on the housing (70); the motor (72) is connected to the controller; the output shaft of the motor (72) is connected to the fan-shaped plate (76) via a pull rope (74); and the elastic member (71) is connected to the top of the fan-shaped plate (76).

3. A tidal current energy fixed pitch generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic connection device (75) comprises a hydraulic pump station (751) arranged on the housing (70) and a hydraulic cylinder (753) connected to the hydraulic pump station (751) via a pipeline (752); the hydraulic pump station (751) is connected to a controller, and the hydraulic cylinder (753) is connected to the top of the sector plate (76) via a hydraulic rod fixing device (754).

4. A tidal current energy fixed pitch generator set according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hydraulic pump station (751), pipeline (752), hydraulic cylinder (753) and hydraulic rod fixing device (754) are provided in multiple groups.

5. A tidal current energy fixed pitch generator set according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, characterized in that: The two sector plates (76) and the conductive layer (79) are located on a circle concentric with the main axis (8).

6. A tidal current energy fixed pitch generator set according to claim 5, characterized in that: The controller is a PLC controller.

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