An automatic water profile observation system based on wave energy

Abstract

The present invention relates to an automatic water profile observation system based on wave energy, belonging to the field of ocean observation technology. The system includes a water surface buoy unit, a cable and a weight connected in sequence, and the cable is provided with two baffles respectively located at the upper and lower ends of the cable and an automatic profile observation platform located between the two baffles; the automatic profile observation platform is used to monitor ocean parameters, and it has two cams relatively arranged on both sides of the cable, a vertically arranged slide cylinder and a slide rod arranged in the slide cylinder, and the two cams are connected to the slide rod. When the slide rod moves up and down, the slide rod drives the raised ends of the two cams to clamp or release the cable, and the side wall of the slide rod is provided with an elastic protrusion structure, and the inner wall of the slide cylinder is provided with a limiting structure. The limiting structure and the elastic protrusion structure cooperate with each other to limit the movement of the slide rod, and always keep one end of the slide rod extending from the slide cylinder and able to collide with the baffle. The system is suitable for a wide range of water monitoring needs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean observation, and in particular relates to an automatic water profile observation system based on wave energy. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous intensification of global changes and the increasing human activities, the marine ecosystem is facing unprecedented challenges. These challenges include but are not limited to rising temperatures and sea levels caused by climate change, as well as marine pollution and overfishing caused by human activities, which have had a serious impact on the marine ecological environment. In order to better understand and respond to these challenges, marine observation, forecasting and research have become particularly important. Traditional ocean observation methods usually rely on scientific research ships, anchored buoys and satellite observations. These methods often have many problems such as limited observation range, high cost and risk, discontinuous observation data collection, and low temporal and spatial resolution.

[0003] At present, oceanographic research is increasingly dependent on the automatic observation of physical and biogeochemical parameters, especially the vertical structure of each parameter and its changing laws. Obtaining three-dimensional high-temporal and spatial resolution data is crucial for in-depth understanding of marine environmental changes, predicting marine disasters, supporting marine resource management, enhancing marine navigation safety, and protecting marine ecosystems. At present, the common means of automatic observation of ocean profiles are mainly fixed observation systems that integrate multi-parameter sensors, including moored buoys, submerged buoys, and seabed platforms. However, this fixed observation method usually requires multiple sets of sensors deployed at multiple levels, so it is costly, and there are problems such as large energy requirements, low data resolution, and difficulty in operation, which limits its application effect and scope in ocean observation.

[0004] Patent CN 107643381 A discloses an automatic profile observation device driven by ocean wave energy, but there are many shortcomings and limitations in practical application. The specific problems are as follows:

[0005] First, the internal structure of the one-way mobile module in the instrument stand of the device is relatively complex, which makes it easy for the steel cable to get stuck with the steel ball during operation, especially in harsh marine environments. In order to achieve the state switching of the one-way mobile module, the device adopts a combination of positioning steel balls and springs, but in actual applications, the positioning steel balls are often stuck in the hemispherical notch, which makes the one-way mobile module unable to switch directions smoothly, thus affecting the normal progress of the profile observation task. Secondly, the one-way mobile module adopts a cavity design, and the steel cable must be passed through the cavity before each deployment, which makes the deployment process cumbersome and time-consuming. In actual operation, once a problem occurs in the module, the maintenance work requires the entire system to be salvaged out of the water first, and then the steel cable can be completely passed out of the cavity before maintenance. Such a complex maintenance process significantly increases the difficulty of operation and maintenance costs, especially under offshore operating conditions. The problem is more prominent. Finally, the instrument stand of the device is an open frame structure as a whole. In sea areas with frequent biological activities, the instrument stand is easily affected by biological attachment. For example, organisms such as shellfish and barnacles will quickly attach to the surface of the frame, causing the weight of the equipment to increase, or even blocking key structures, seriously interfering with the normal operation of the device, which not only shortens the life cycle of the equipment, but also increases the frequency and cost of cleaning and maintenance.

[0006] Overall, there is a large gap between the structural design and practical application of the device, and it is urgent to optimize the design to improve its operational convenience, system stability and adaptability, so as to better meet the long-term observation needs in complex marine environments. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the present invention proposes an automatic water profile observation system based on wave energy.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] In the first aspect, the present invention discloses an automatic water profile observation system based on wave energy, comprising a surface buoy unit, a cable and a weight connected in sequence, wherein the cable is provided with two baffles respectively located at the upper and lower ends of the cable, and an automatic profile observation platform located between the two baffles; the automatic profile observation platform is used to monitor ocean parameters, and is internally provided with two cams symmetrically arranged on both sides of the cable, a vertically arranged slide cylinder and a slide rod arranged in the slide cylinder, the parts directly facing the two cams are raised ends, the edges of the raised ends are arc-shaped, and the distance from the top to the bottom point along the arc to the rotation center of the cam is Gradually decreases; the two cams are connected to the sliding rod, when the sliding rod moves, the sliding rod drives the cam to rotate, so that the raised ends of the two cams clamp or release the cable, the side wall of the sliding rod is provided with an elastic raised structure, and the inner wall of the sliding cylinder is provided with a limiting structure, when the elastic raised structure is located below the limiting structure, the automatic profile observation platform can only move downward relative to the cable under the action of the rising edge of the wave; when the elastic raised structure is located above the limiting structure, the automatic profile observation platform can float relative to the cable; the sliding rod always has one end extending from the sliding cylinder and can collide with the baffle, thereby changing the coordination state of the limiting structure and the elastic raised structure.

[0010] In a second aspect, the present invention discloses a method for automatic water body profile observation using the system, comprising the following steps:

[0011] In the initial state, the elastic protrusion structure on the slide rod is located below the limit structure, the two cams clamp the cable, and the lower end of the slide rod extends out of the slide tube. At this time, the automatic profile observation platform can only move downward relative to the cable under the action of the rising edge of the wave, and the automatic profile observation platform and the cable are in a relatively static state at other times; therefore, when the elastic protrusion structure on the slide rod is located below the limit structure, the automatic profile observation platform can only perform a one-way downward movement; when the automatic profile observation platform moves to the bottom of the cable, the slide rod collides with the baffle plate at the lower end of the cable, and the upward movement of the slide rod drives the elastic protrusion structure to move to the limit structure At the top, the raised end of the cam rotates upward, the two cams release the cable, and the automatic profiling platform floats up under the action of its own net buoyancy; at this time, the upper end of the slide rod extends out of the slide tube; when the automatic profiling observation platform floats to the top of the cable, the slide rod collides with the baffle at the upper end of the cable, the slide rod moves downward, and the lower end extends out of the slide tube, and the elastic protrusion structure on the slide rod returns to the bottom of the limit structure. At the same time, the downward movement of the slide rod drives the raised end of the cam to rotate downward, and the two cams clamp the cable again. Finally, the automatic profiling observation platform will perform a floating-diving cycle under the action of waves to complete the automatic measurement of the water body profile.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] (1) Modularized and simplified design improves system reliability. The present invention modularizes the structure of the unidirectional moving mechanism into a structure of a clamping mechanism, a sliding rod and a sliding cylinder, and simplifies the clamping mechanism into a structure that controls the clamping or release of the cable by the rotation of a cam, thereby avoiding the jamming problem of steel balls and steel cables in the prior art. The system operation stability is significantly improved, and it can work reliably for a long time in harsh marine environments, significantly reducing the failure rate and meeting the needs of complex marine observations.

[0014] (2) Rapid deployment and convenient maintenance. The cable clamping mechanism of the present invention is simplified to a two-side clamping structure, and both the cable clamping mechanism and the automatic profile observation platform can be opened from the side, which facilitates the installation of the automatic profile observation platform and the steel cable. In actual application, rapid deployment and maintenance can be completed without recycling and completely disassembling the system. At the same time, a modular component design is adopted, and the problem module can be replaced or maintained independently.

[0015] (3) The switching between floating and diving is smoother. The present invention adopts the elastic protrusion structure of the slide rod and the slide cylinder to replace the traditional steel ball and spring structure to avoid mechanical jamming. The state switching of the cable clamping mechanism is ensured to be smooth, and it can still maintain stable operation even in long-term high-frequency use, thereby improving the continuity and reliability of the observation mission.

[0016] (4) Anti-biological attachment design. The present invention adopts a closed shell and anti-biological attachment coating design. The coating adopts a self-polishing polymer material, which can effectively reduce the attachment of organisms such as shellfish and barnacles, reduce the frequency of equipment maintenance, prevent attachments from increasing the weight of the equipment or clogging key components, and extend the service life of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the automatic profile observation system;

[0018] Figure 2 It is the main view of the surface buoy unit;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the surface buoy unit;

[0020] Figure 4 It is the main view profile of the automatic profile observation platform;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a side view profile of the automatic profile observation platform;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a top view of the automatic profile observation platform;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a top-down profile view of the automatic profile observation platform;

[0024] Figure 8It is a cross-sectional view of the clamping mechanism in the clamping state;

[0025] Fig. 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the clamping mechanism in a non-clamping state;

[0026] Fig.10 is a side view of the clamping mechanism and the triggering device;

[0027] Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of the trigger device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention is further described and illustrated below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The embodiments are merely exemplary of the present disclosure and do not define the scope of limitation. The technical features of each embodiment of the present invention may be combined accordingly without conflicting with each other.

[0029] In order to promote the research and development and application of automatic profile observation systems, the technical problems of the existing wave energy driven automatic profile observation systems, such as complex structure and difficult operation, are solved. Therefore, a new type of unidirectional motion structure is needed, which can automatically dive under the action of waves without power supply, and automatically float up by mechanical triggering under the action of net buoyancy. With this structure as the core, the present invention has developed an automatic profile observation system for water bodies based on wave energy, which has a simple structure, convenient operation, low cost, and is an automatic profile observation platform suitable for a wide range of waters. Since its vertical movement does not require the consumption of electrical energy, it can maximize the energy obtained by the multi-parameter sensor it carries, thereby obtaining as much observation data as possible and improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the water body automatic profile observation system based on wave energy of the present invention is mainly composed of five parts: a surface buoy unit 1, a cable 6, an automatic profile observation platform 8 for monitoring ocean parameters, a weight 10 and a baffle 5. The surface buoy unit 1, the cable 6 and the weight 10 are connected in sequence, the automatic profile observation platform 8 and two baffles 5 are arranged on the cable 6, the two baffles 5 are respectively arranged at both ends of the cable 6, and the automatic profile observation platform 8 is located between the two baffles 5. The baffle 5 is used to limit the range of motion of the automatic profile observation platform. The baffle 5 is made of 316L stainless steel to resist the erosion of seawater. The surface buoy unit 1 floats on the sea surface, provides buoyancy for the system, and uses wave potential energy to provide diving power for the automatic profile observation platform 8.

[0031] Attached Figure 4 is the main cross-sectional view of the automatic cross-sectional observation platform 8, Figure 5 is a side view of the automatic profile observation platform 8, attached Figure 6 is a top view of the automatic profile observation platform 8, Figure 7It is a top view of the automatic profile observation platform 8. The automatic profile observation platform 8 is the main moving part of the system and has many key functions, including automatic vertical profile movement, multi-parameter data acquisition and wireless data transmission. The automatic profile observation platform 8 is a cylindrical cabin structure, and its cabin is made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant engineering plastics. Buoyancy materials 7 are installed on the top and bottom of the cabin, and the buoyancy material 7 provides net buoyancy for the automatic profile observation platform 8, so that it can float up by itself in a free state. The cabin and the buoyancy material 7 are opened on the top and bottom, and the cable 6 passes through them. The automatic profile observation platform 8 is composed of two hinged cabin units, and the cabin of the automatic profile observation platform 8 can be opened from the side for assembly with the cable 6.

[0032] The cabin of the automatic profile observation platform 8 is also fixed with an inductive communication unit 14, a battery cartridge 15, a clamping mechanism 16, a multi-parameter sensor 17 and a trigger device. Since the automatic profile observation platform 8 can move up and down in the water body, the multi-parameter sensor 17 can perform real-time observation and data collection of water bodies at different depths, that is, continuous observation of hydrological and biogeochemical parameters such as temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll, turbidity, carbon dioxide concentration, and nutrients can be achieved. The inductive communication unit 14 can transmit the profile data (temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll, turbidity, carbon dioxide concentration, nutrients, and other hydrological and biogeochemical parameters) obtained by the multi-parameter sensor 17 to the surface buoy unit 1 through a cable 6 or wireless transmission to achieve real-time transmission. The battery cartridge 15 can provide power for the inductive communication unit 14 and the multi-parameter sensor 17; the battery cartridge 15 and the multi-parameter sensor 17 are respectively arranged in different cabin units.

[0033] The clamping mechanism 16 of the automatic profile observation platform 8 is fixed to the center of the cabin and can be triggered by a trigger device to clamp or release the cable 6. The trigger device includes a vertically arranged slide 18 and a slide rod 9 arranged in the slide. The slide 18 penetrates the cabin and the buoyancy material. The slide rod 9 can slide in the slide 18, and the length of the slide 9 is greater than the length of the slide 18, and one end of the slide 9 is always extended from the slide 18, which can collide with any baffle 5. An elastic protrusion structure is arranged on the side wall of the slide rod 9, and a limiting structure 24 is arranged on the inner wall of the slide 18. The movement of the slide rod 9 can be limited by the cooperation between the limiting structure 24 and the elastic protrusion structure. The slide rod 9 is fixedly connected to the clamping mechanism 16 through the connecting rod 19, and it can drive the clamping mechanism 16 to clamp or release the cable 6 through the connecting rod 19. Then, under the action of waves, the automatic profile observation platform 8 can dive or float, realizing continuous observation of the water body profile.

[0034] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in the attached Fig.10 As shown, it is a side view of the clamping mechanism 16 and the trigger device, as shown Fig.11, which is a cross-sectional view of the trigger device and a side view of the slide bar 9. The elastic protrusion structure of the slide bar 9 includes two semicircular balls 25 arranged on the side wall of the slide bar and an elastic structure arranged inside the slide bar for connecting the two balls 25, and the elastic structure can be a spring. Two limiting structures 24 are relatively arranged on the inner side wall of the slide cylinder 18, and the limiting structure 24 includes an arc-shaped protrusion located on the inner wall of the slide cylinder 18. When the slide bar 9 collides with the baffle 5, the elastic protrusion structure on the slide bar 9 can pass over the arc-shaped protrusion, thereby moving above or below the arc-shaped protrusion.

[0035] As attached Figure 8 and Fig. 9 , which is a cross-sectional view of the clamping mechanism 16, showing the internal structure of the clamping mechanism 16. Figure 8 The clamping mechanism 16 is shown in a clamping state. Fig. 9The clamping mechanism 16 in the non-clamping state is shown. A shell is provided outside the clamping mechanism 16, and the clamping mechanism 16 includes two eccentric cams 20, two first connecting members 21, two second connecting members 22 and two third connecting members 23. Among them, the eccentric cam 20 is the main component for clamping the cable 6, and the parts directly facing the two eccentric cams 20 are convex ends. The edges of the convex ends of the eccentric cams 20 are arc-shaped. A fixed central axis is provided at the rotation center of the eccentric cam 20, and the two ends of the central axis are fixed on the shell. The eccentric cam 20 can rotate around the central axis by a certain angle, and the distance from the point on the edge of the convex end of the eccentric cam 20 from top to bottom to the rotation center is gradually reduced. Therefore, when the convex end of the eccentric cam 20 rotates upward, the clamping mechanism 16 can release the cable 6; when the convex end of the eccentric cam 20 rotates downward, the clamping mechanism 16 can clamp the cable 6. The eccentric cam 20 may have uneven weight, that is, the weight of the protruding end of the eccentric cam 20 is greater, and the weight of the end of the eccentric cam 20 away from the protruding end is smaller. The second connecting member 22 is fixed to one end of the connecting rod 19, and the other end of the connecting rod 19 is fixed to the side wall of the sliding rod. The second connecting member 22 is also hinged to one end of the third connecting member 23, and the two can rotate relative to each other. A fixed shaft is also provided at the center position of the third connecting member 23, and the third connecting member 23 can rotate around the fixed shaft. Both ends of the fixed shaft are also fixed to the housing outside the clamping mechanism 16. The other end of the third connecting member 23 is hinged to one end of the first connecting member 21, and the other end of the first connecting member 21 is hinged to one end of the eccentric cam 20 away from the protruding end. Therefore, the second connecting member 22 can move up and down with the sliding of the sliding rod 9, thereby driving the third connecting member 23, the first connecting member 21 and the eccentric cam 20 in turn. The first connecting member 21, the second connecting member 22 and the third connecting member 23 are all straight rods, the second connecting member 22 and the third connecting member 23 are arranged horizontally, the first connecting member 21 is arranged vertically, and the center of the third connecting member 23 is in the same vertical direction as the rotation center of the eccentric cam 20. When the clamping mechanism 16 clamps the cable 6, the first connecting member 21 and the third connecting member 23 are perpendicular to each other.

[0036] When the slide bar 9 moves upward, the slide bar 9 drives the second connecting member 22 to move upward through the connecting rod 19, and the second connecting member 22 drives the third connecting member 23 to rise at one end close to the second connecting member 22, and the end of the third connecting member 23 hinged to the first connecting member 21 descends, thereby driving the first connecting member 21 to descend as a whole, and the first connecting member 21 drives the eccentric cam 20 to rotate, and the end of the eccentric cam 20 connected to the first connecting member 21 descends, and the raised end of the eccentric cam 20 rises, and the eccentric cam 20 releases its clamping of the cable 6, thereby switching the clamping mechanism 16 from a clamping state to a non-clamping state.

[0037] When the slide bar 9 moves downward, the slide bar 9 drives the second connecting member 22 to move downward through the connecting rod 19, and the second connecting member 22 drives the third connecting member 23 to descend at one end close to the second connecting member 22, and the third connecting member 23 rises at one end hinged to the first connecting member 21, thereby driving the first connecting member 21 to rise as a whole, and the first connecting member 21 drives the eccentric cam 20 to rotate, and the end of the eccentric cam 20 connected to the first connecting member 21 rises, and the raised end of the eccentric cam 20 descends, and the eccentric cam 20 clamps the cable 6, so that the clamping mechanism 16 can be switched from a non-clamping state to a clamping state.

[0038] In the clamped state, the ball 25 of the slide rod 9 is located below the limiting structure 24 in the slide cylinder 18 , and the lower end of the slide rod 9 extends out of the slide cylinder 18 .

[0039] When the rising edge of the wave arrives, the water surface rises, and the surface buoy unit 1 drives the cable 6 and the weight 10 to move upward. The automatic profile observation platform 8 shows a tendency to move downward relative to the cable 6 under the action of inertia. At this time, the eccentric cam 20 is subjected to the upward friction along the cable 6, and the raised end of the eccentric cam 20 rotates upward. The cable 6 will be released at the moment the eccentric cam 20 rotates upward, so that the automatic profile observation platform 8 moves downward relative to the cable 6 under the action of inertia; at this time, the eccentric cam 20 rotates upward to drive the slide bar 9 to move upward, and the ball 25 on the slide bar 9 is restricted by the limiting structure 24 and is always located below the limiting structure 24; at the same time, due to the gravity of the raised end of the eccentric cam 20 and the slide bar, the eccentric cam 20 will also rotate downward immediately at the moment of releasing the cable 6, thereby re-clamping the cable 6. Therefore, at the moment when the eccentric cam 20 releases the cable 6, the automatic profile observation platform 8 will only move downward relative to the cable 6 due to inertia, and will not move upward relative to the cable 6 due to the action of net buoyancy.

[0040] When the descending edge of the wave arrives, the water level drops, and the weight 10 drives the cable 6 to move downward. Under the action of inertia, the automatic profile observation platform 8 tends to move upward relative to the cable 6. At this time, the eccentric cam 20 is subjected to the friction force downward along the cable 6, and the raised end of the eccentric cam 20 rotates downward, thereby enhancing the clamping force on the cable 6 and preventing the automatic profile observation platform 8 from moving upward relative to the cable 6. Therefore, when the elastic protrusion structure on the slide rod 9 is located below the limiting structure 24, the automatic profile observation platform 8 can only perform a unidirectional downward movement.

[0041] When the automatic profile observation platform 8 moves to the bottom of the cable 6, the slide rod 9 collides with the baffle 5 at the end of the weight 10, and the slide rod 9 moves upward. The ball 25 thereon moves to the top of the limiting structure 24. At the same time, the upward movement of the slide rod 9 drives the raised end of the eccentric cam 20 to rotate upward. The two eccentric cams 20 completely release the cable 6, and finally the automatic profile platform 8 floats up under the action of its own net buoyancy; at this time, the upper end of the slide rod 9 extends out of the slide cylinder.

[0042] When the automatic profile observation platform 8 floats to the top of the cable 6, the slide bar 9 collides with the baffle 5 at the upper end of the cable 6, and the slide bar 9 moves downward. The ball 25 on the slide bar 9 returns to the bottom of the limiting structure 24. At the same time, the downward movement of the slide bar 9 drives the raised end of the eccentric cam 20 to rotate downward, and the two eccentric cams 20 clamp the cable 6 again. Finally, the automatic profile observation platform 8 will perform a floating-diving cycle under the action of waves to complete the automatic measurement of the water body profile.

[0043] There is also an anti-biological adhesion coating on the outer shell of the automatic profile observation platform 8. This design can effectively reduce the adhesion of organisms such as shellfish and barnacles, and reduce the frequency of equipment maintenance. The material of the anti-biological adhesion coating can be a self-polishing polymer material. Self-polishing polymer materials are a type of polymer material with special properties. Self-polishing polymer materials refer to polymer materials that can gradually wear or renew the surface of the material through their own chemical or physical changes under specific environmental conditions, thereby maintaining a smooth surface or having specific functions. In the field of marine antifouling, self-polishing polymers usually contain hydrolyzable ester bonds or other functional groups that are easily affected by the seawater environment. When the material is exposed to seawater, these functional groups undergo a hydrolysis reaction, causing the polymer chains to gradually break and dissolve in seawater, thereby achieving self-renewal of the surface and achieving a self-polishing effect.

[0044] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, Figure 2 The front view of the surface buoy unit 1 is shown. Figure 3 The cross-sectional view of the surface buoy unit 1 is shown. The surface buoy unit 1 is made of corrosion-resistant materials and can be used for a long time in the marine environment. The lower part of the surface buoy unit 1 is a buoy base 4, which is made of corrosion-resistant and anti-biological attachment materials, and its interior is a hollow structure. The surface buoy unit 1 is equipped with a GPS module, which obtains the position of the system in real time to ensure that the system is safe and controllable. The surface buoy unit 1 is also equipped with an inductive coupling module 11, a data storage module 13 and an Iridium communication module 12 to achieve data reception, storage and transmission, and can also perform status monitoring and remote control to improve the flexibility and responsiveness of the system. In addition, the surface buoy unit 1 can also be equipped with a small meteorological station 2 to obtain meteorological parameters such as sea surface atmospheric temperature, humidity, precipitation, wind speed, wind direction, air pressure and carbon dioxide concentration, provide more comprehensive environmental monitoring, obtain comprehensive environmental monitoring data, and enrich the ocean and atmospheric data sets. The surface buoy unit is also equipped with a solar panel 3 to provide continuous power for each module to ensure the long-term operation of the system.

[0045] According to different application scenarios and personalized needs, the automatic profile observation platform 8 of the present invention can be equipped with different types of sensors, and can transmit the data acquired by the automatic profile observation platform 8 to the data storage module 13 of the surface buoy unit without contact through inductive coupling, and then transmit it to the ground data center in real time through the Iridium communication module 12 of the surface buoy unit 1.

[0046] The lower part of the surface buoy unit 1 is connected to a cable 6, which provides a physical connection between the various parts of the system to ensure the integrity and coordinated operation of the overall structure. The cable 6 also provides a fixed path and stable support for the automatic profile observation platform, ensuring that the automatic profile observation platform moves in the vertical direction to avoid drift and achieve accurate depth measurement. At the same time, the cable 6 can also be used to transmit the profile observation data obtained by the automatic profile observation platform 8 to the data storage module 13 of the surface buoy unit 1.

[0047] The weight 10 is suspended at the end of the cable 6 and is a stainless steel weight block, which can pull the entire system to a vertical state under the action of gravity to reduce the movement resistance of the automatic profile observation platform 8. The system can also realize fixed point observation by connecting the anchor chain; the anchor chain can also be released to carry out continuous observation with the current.

[0048] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation modes of the present invention, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water body automatic profile observation system based on wave energy, comprising a surface buoy unit, a cable and a weight connected in sequence, characterized in that: The cable is provided with two baffles located at the upper and lower ends of the cable respectively, and an automatic profile observation platform located between the two baffles; The automatic profile observation platform is used to monitor ocean parameters. It is internally provided with two cams symmetrically arranged on both sides of the cable, a vertically arranged slide cylinder and a slide rod arranged in the slide cylinder. The parts directly opposite to the two cams are raised ends, and the edges of the raised ends are arc-shaped. The distance from the top to the bottom of the arc to the rotation center of the cam gradually decreases; the two cams are connected to the slide rod. When the slide rod moves, the slide rod drives the cam to rotate, so that the raised ends of the two cams clamp or release the cable. The side wall of the slide rod is provided with an elastic raised structure, and the inner wall of the slide cylinder is provided with a limiting structure. When the elastic raised structure is located below the limiting structure, the automatic profile observation platform can only move downward relative to the cable under the action of the rising edge of the wave; when the elastic raised structure is located above the limiting structure, the automatic profile observation platform can float relative to the cable; one end of the slide rod always extends from the slide cylinder and can collide with the baffle, thereby changing the coordination state of the limiting structure and the elastic raised structure.

2. The water body automatic profile observation system based on wave energy according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The automatic profile observation platform also includes a connecting rod and two groups of connecting mechanisms, one end of the connecting rod is fixed on the side wall of the sliding rod, and the other end is fixedly connected to the two groups of connecting mechanisms; the connecting mechanism includes a first connecting member, a second connecting member and a third connecting member, one end of the second connecting member is fixed on the connecting rod, and the other end is hinged to one end of the third connecting member, the third connecting member is fixed in the automatic profile observation platform by an axis passing through the center of the third connecting member, the other end of the third connecting member is hinged to one end of the first connecting member, and the other end of the first connecting member is hinged to one end of the cam away from the raised end; wherein, the cam is an eccentric cam.

3. The water body automatic profile observation system based on wave energy according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The elastic protrusion structure includes two protrusions arranged on the side wall of the slide rod and an elastic structure arranged inside the slide rod for connecting the two protrusions; when the slide rod collides with the baffle, the elastic protrusion structure on the slide rod can go over the limiting structure.

4. The automatic water profile observation system based on wave energy according to claim 3 is characterized in that: When the elastic protrusion structure is located below the limiting structure, the lower end of the slide rod extends out of the slide tube, and the two cams clamp the cable. When the rising edge of the wave arrives, the automatic profile observation platform tends to move downward relative to the cable under the action of inertia. The cam is subjected to the upward friction along the cable, and the protruding end of the cam rotates upward. The two cams release the cable, so that the automatic profile observation platform moves downward relative to the cable under the action of inertia. At this time, the cam rotates upward to drive the slide rod to move upward. The elastic protrusion structure on the slide rod is always located below the second protrusion under the restriction of the second protrusion. At the same time, due to the gravity of the protruding end of the cam and the slide rod, the cam will immediately rotate downward at the moment of releasing the cable, so that the two cams are reset and clamp the cable. When the descending edge of the wave arrives, the automatic profile observation platform tends to move upward relative to the cable under the action of inertia. The cam is subjected to the friction force downward along the cable, and the raised end of the cam rotates downward, thereby enhancing the clamping force on the cable and preventing the automatic profile observation platform from moving upward relative to the cable. As a result, when the elastic raised structure on the sliding rod is located below the limit structure, the automatic profile observation platform can only perform one-way downward movement.

5. The automatic water profile observation system based on wave energy according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The automatic profile observation platform is a cylindrical structure, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the automatic profile observation platform are both loaded with buoyancy materials, so that the automatic profile observation platform has buoyancy in water, and the buoyancy is greater than the gravity of the automatic profile observation platform; The automatic profile observation platform can be opened from the side to facilitate installation and arrangement of the automatic profile observation platform and the cables; The shell of the automatic profile observation platform is also coated with a self-polishing polymer material, which forms an anti-biological attachment coating. The anti-biological attachment coating can resist biological attachment for a long time, thereby reducing the maintenance frequency of the automatic profile observation platform.

6. The automatic water profile observation system based on wave energy according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A multi-parameter sensor, an inductive communication unit and a battery cartridge are also fixedly installed inside the automatic profile observation platform; the multi-parameter sensor will transmit the collected data to the surface buoy unit through the inductive communication unit, and the collected data includes the temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll, turbidity and carbon dioxide concentration of the water body; the battery cartridge is used to provide power for the inductive communication unit and the multi-parameter sensor.

7. The automatic water profile observation system based on wave energy according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The surface buoy unit includes a GPS module, an inductive coupling module, a data storage module and an Iridium communication module; the GPS module is used to obtain the position of the system in real time to ensure that the system is safe and controllable; The inductive coupling module is used to receive data transmitted by the automatic profile observation platform and store the received data in the data storage module; the Iridium communication module is used to transmit the data received by the inductive coupling module to the data center on the ground.

8. The automatic water profile observation system based on wave energy according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The surface buoy unit is installed with a small meteorological station and solar panels. The small meteorological station is used to obtain sea surface atmospheric temperature, humidity, precipitation, wind speed, wind direction, air pressure and carbon dioxide concentration, so as to obtain comprehensive environmental monitoring data; the solar panels are used to provide continuous power to each module of the surface buoy unit to ensure that each module can operate for a long time.

9. A method for automatic water body profile observation using the system of claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: In the initial state, the elastic protrusion structure on the slide rod is located below the limit structure, the two cams clamp the cable, and the lower end of the slide rod extends out of the slide tube. At this time, the automatic profile observation platform can only move downward relative to the cable under the action of the rising edge of the wave, and the automatic profile observation platform and the cable are in a relatively static state at other times; therefore, when the elastic protrusion structure on the slide rod is located below the limit structure, the automatic profile observation platform can only move downward in one direction; When the automatic profile observation platform moves to the bottom of the cable, the slide bar collides with the baffle at the lower end of the cable, and the slide bar moves upward to drive the elastic protrusion structure to move above the limit structure, and the protrusion end of the cam rotates upward, and the two cams release the cable, and the automatic profile platform floats up under the action of its own net buoyancy; at this time, the upper end of the slide bar extends out of the slide cylinder; When the automatic profile observation platform floats to the top of the cable, the sliding rod collides with the baffle at the upper end of the cable, the sliding rod moves downward, and the lower end extends out of the sliding tube, and the elastic protrusion structure on the sliding rod returns to the bottom of the limiting structure. At the same time, the downward movement of the sliding rod drives the protruding end of the cam to rotate downward, and the two cams clamp the cable again. Finally, the automatic profile observation platform will perform a floating and diving cycle under the action of waves to complete the automatic measurement of the water body profile.

10. The method for automatic water body profile observation according to claim 9, characterized in that: The elastic protrusion structure is located below the limiting structure and when the rising edge of the wave arrives, the water surface rises, and the surface buoy unit drives the cable and the weight to move upward. The automatic profile observation platform shows a tendency to move downward relative to the cable under the action of inertia. The two cams are subjected to the upward friction along the cable, so that the protruding ends of the cams rotate upward, and the two cams release the cable. The automatic profile observation platform moves downward along the cable under the action of inertia. At this time, the cam rotates upward to drive the slide bar to move upward. The elastic protrusion structure on the slide bar is limited by the limiting structure and is always located below the limiting structure. At the same time, due to the gravity of the protruding end of the cam and the slide bar, the cam will immediately rotate downward at the moment of releasing the cable, so that the two cams are reset and clamp the cable. When the wave descends, the water level drops and the weight drives the cable downward. Under the action of inertia, the automatic profile observation platform tends to move upward relative to the cable. The two cams are subjected to the friction force downward along the cable, and the raised ends of the cams rotate downward, thereby increasing the clamping force on the cable and preventing the automatic profile observation platform from moving upward along the cable.

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