Wide and shallow transition river water level monitoring device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of wide and shallow transition river water level monitoring, and particularly discloses a wide and shallow transition river water level monitoring device and method.The wide and shallow transition river water level monitoring device comprises a laser emitting module, a camera and a processing control unit, a laser signal emitted by the laser emitting module points to the lowest water level of a river, and the camera points to a laser light path emitted by the laser emitting module; the lowest water level of the river is contained in the view field of the camera, and the processing control unit is electrically connected with the laser emitting module and the camera. The device adopts the laser emission module to emit laser signals, captures bright spots formed by laser on the water surface through the camera, and calculates the water level height according to the geometric principle, so that the device can monitor the water level change in real time and quickly transmit data to the processing control unit for calculation and analysis, and the monitoring efficiency can be effectively improved; therefore, related departments can quickly master the dynamic state of the water level and make timely response.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of water level monitoring of rivers with varying widths and shallowness, and in particular to a device and method for monitoring water level of rivers with varying widths and shallowness. Background Art

[0002] Water level is the most critical element in hydrological observation. Commonly used sensors for water level measurement include float water level gauges, pressure water level gauges, radar water level gauges, laser water level gauges, etc. Float water level gauges require the construction of a water level measurement well, which has a long construction period and high cost; pressure water level gauges require regular calibration, and the measurement error is large under dynamic water conditions; the installation of radar water level gauges requires the measurement beam to be perpendicular to the water surface, which requires the use of a cantilever to install the probe. When the slope is small, in order to meet the measurement requirements of the water level change range, the cantilever is required to be very long, making installation difficult.

[0003] In addition, most northern rivers, such as the lower reaches of the Yellow River, are mostly wide and shallow variable river channels, also known as wandering rivers. The biggest feature is that they are wide, shallow and scattered, and are easy to form oblique rivers or horizontal rivers. During the flood season, the water edge is close to the shore, and in the non-flood season or low water, the water edge often retreats by about 100m. In this way, the water level observation equipment installed on the shore is far away from the water surface most of the time, making it impossible to observe the water level continuously.

[0004] Existing Chinese patent publication number CN112985542 discloses a "water level monitor without a water gauge", including a CPU and an image processor connected to the CPU, a pan / tilt, a high-precision inclinometer, a fill light unit, a communication unit and a power supply unit; the image processor is connected to the CPU for collecting video images; the high-precision inclinometer is used to achieve water level compensation to make up for the water level error caused by controlling the pan / tilt to switch the water level detection point; the monitor body is equipped with a high-precision inclinometer for obtaining pan / tilt inclination data. This water level monitoring without a water gauge does not require the installation of a water gauge to achieve water level recognition and output water level data. However, this method uses video to find the water surface. In wide and shallow changing rivers, the water surface is generally turbid and the water depth is shallow. The water surface and the waterside are integrated with the river beach and are difficult to find accurately, and the water level cannot be output.

[0005] Existing Chinese patent number CN112923999 discloses "a new type of water level height measurement system", which includes three modules: 1. Water level gauge module, which consists of a yellow ball, a float and a pole. The float consists of a red ball and a hard plastic cylinder. A channel is opened in the middle of the float and connected to the pole. The yellow ball is fixed to the top of the pole, and the pole is installed on the structure through a connecting rod; 2. Image acquisition module, a camera is set in front of the upper port of the float to collect images of the water level gauge. The collected water level gauge image is transmitted to the network through the network. 3. Image processing module. The image processing module is preset with a convolutional neural network algorithm to identify the positions of the red ball and the yellow ball, and then calculates the water level through the pixel relationship between the yellow ball, the red ball and the distance between the two balls. The system can realize fully automatic real-time monitoring of urban waterlogging and rivers and reservoir water levels. The water level gauge has strong resistance to environmental influences and can meet the water level monitoring requirements in severe weather. However, the solution requires a water level gauge module to be built on the river channel. For wide and shallow variable rivers, the water surface wanders and it is impossible to ensure that the water level gauge module is always in the water. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides a device and method for monitoring the water level of a river with varying width and shallowness, so as to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the water level cannot be accurately output and the water level gauge module cannot be ensured to be always in the water.

[0007] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a device and method for monitoring the water level of a wide and shallow variable river, which adopts the following technical solutions: it includes a laser emitting module, a camera, and a processing and control unit. The laser signal emitted by the laser emitting module points to the lowest water level of the river. The camera points to the laser light path emitted by the laser emitting module. The lowest water level of the river is included in the field of view of the camera. The processing and control unit is electrically connected to the laser emitting module and the camera respectively.

[0008] Further, the camera is located upstream or downstream along the river on the same side as the laser emission module.

[0009] Furthermore, the wavelength of the laser emission module is 450nm, the power is 200mW, and the range is greater than or equal to 300m.

[0010] Furthermore, the camera's lens is a 120mm focal length fixed focus, 12-megapixel lens.

[0011] Furthermore, the camera is fixed with a three-axis stabilization and anti-shake gimbal.

[0012] Furthermore, the processing control unit is connected to the camera via RJ45, and is connected to the laser emission module via an RVVP2 wired cable. The processing control unit is electrically connected to a power supply system, which includes a solar panel and a lithium battery.

[0013] A method for monitoring the water level of a river with a wide and shallow transition, using the above-mentioned device for monitoring the water level of a river with a wide and shallow transition, comprises the following steps:

[0014] S1. The laser emission module regularly projects the shore laser to the water surface in the center of the river, and the laser will form a regular bright spot on the water surface;

[0015] S2, the bright spots in step S1 are collected by a camera;

[0016] S3. The change of water level is reflected in the picture collected by the camera, and the real-time water level can be deduced after calculation by the processing control unit.

[0017] Furthermore, the calculation method of the processing control unit is as follows:

[0018] After the equipment is installed, first find out the elevation H from the laser optical path to point B on the riverbed based on the installation depression angle of the laser transmitter; select a point F on the laser emission optical path close to the shore, and use the measuring equipment to measure the vertical distance from point F to point B on the riverbed, recorded as d; in one measurement process, the processing and control unit calculates the distance GB from the water surface G to point B in the image and the distance FB from point F to point B; then the vertical distance L from point G to point B is L=d*GB / FB, and the current water level W is W=H+L.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the device and method for monitoring the water level of a wide and shallow variable river provided by the present invention are as follows: the device uses a laser emission module to emit a laser signal, captures the bright spot formed by the laser on the water surface through a camera, and calculates the water level height using geometric principles, so that the device can monitor water level changes in real time and quickly transmit data to a processing control unit for calculation and analysis, which can effectively improve monitoring efficiency, enable relevant departments to quickly grasp the water level dynamics and make timely responses, and, through the cooperation of laser and camera, the device can achieve accurate capture and real-time monitoring of water level changes, so that the device can be suitable for rivers with large water level changes, that is, the device is particularly suitable for water level monitoring of wide and shallow variable rivers, and the device and method do not require a water gauge plate, and are more practical. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] By reading the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings, the above and other objects, features and advantages of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention will become readily understood. In the accompanying drawings, several embodiments of the present invention are shown in an exemplary and non-limiting manner, and the same or corresponding reference numerals represent the same or corresponding parts, wherein:

[0021] Figure 1 The structure of a device and method for monitoring the water level of a wide and shallow river according to the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0022] Figure 2The structure of a device and method for monitoring the water level of a wide and shallow river according to the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 .

[0023] Description of reference numerals:

[0024] 1. Laser emission module; 2. Laser emission optical path; 3. Camera; 4. Camera center line; 5. Processing control unit; 6. Current water level laser point. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should know that the embodiments described below are part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Any number of elements in the drawings is for illustration and not limitation, and any naming is for distinction only and does not have any limiting meaning.

[0027] The principle and spirit of the present invention are explained in detail below with reference to several representative embodiments of the present invention.

[0028] The present invention provides a wide and shallow variable river water level monitoring device, such as Figures 1 to 2 As shown, it includes a laser emitting module 1, a camera 3, and a processing control unit 5. The laser signal emitted by the laser emitting module 1 points to the lowest water level of the river. The camera 3 points to the laser light path emitted by the laser emitting module 1. The lowest water level of the river is included in the field of view of the camera 3. The processing control unit 5 is electrically connected to the laser emitting module 1 and the camera 3 respectively.

[0029] In this embodiment, the laser emission module 1 is fixed on the shore pole, and can emit laser signals at a certain angle at a fixed time; the camera 3 is a CCD linear array camera 3, which is fixed on the shore pole and points to the direction of the laser light path. In this embodiment, the horizontal angle of the laser light path is 45°, and the horizontal angle of the CCD linear array camera 3 is 45° to the direction of the laser light path, which is convenient for calculation. In other embodiments, the horizontal angle of the laser light path direction and the horizontal angle of the CCD linear array camera 3 can also be set to 30°, 60° and other conditions. The setting condition of the horizontal angle of the laser light path direction is that the vertical angle can point to the lowest water level, and the setting condition of the horizontal angle of the CCD linear array camera 3 is that the vertical angle can ensure that the lowest water level is in the field of view of the camera 3.

[0030] In this embodiment, the imaging center line 4 of the CCD linear array camera 3 is perpendicular to the laser light path.

[0031] In this embodiment, the camera 3 is located upstream or downstream along the river on the same side as the laser emitting module 1 .

[0032] In this embodiment, the wavelength of the laser emission module 1 is 450nm, the power is 200mW, the range is greater than or equal to 300m, and the laser emission module 1 is powered by 12V and has a rain cover; the lens of the camera 3 is a 120mm focal length fixed focus, 12 million pixel lens. In this embodiment, the camera 3 is fixed with a three-axis stabilization and anti-shake gimbal; the processing control unit 5 is connected to the camera 3 via RJ45, and is connected to the laser emission module 1 via an RVVP2*1.0 wired cable. In this embodiment, the processing control unit 5 uses an i.MX6ULL motherboard, an embedded Li nux operating system, an onboard 4.3-inch RGB display module and a 4G transmission module.

[0033] In other embodiments, the laser emission module 1, the camera 3, and the processing control unit 5 can select their working conditions according to actual use requirements.

[0034] In this embodiment, the processing control unit 5 is electrically connected to a power supply system, and the power supply system includes a solar panel and a lithium battery.

[0035] The present invention provides a method for monitoring the water level of a river with varying width and shallowness, using the above-mentioned device for monitoring the water level of a river with varying width and shallowness, and specifically comprises the following steps:

[0036] S1, laser emission module 1 regularly projects the shore laser to the water surface in the center of the river, and the laser will form a regular bright spot on the water surface;

[0037] S2, the bright spots in step S1 are collected by camera 3;

[0038] S3. The change of water level is reflected in the picture collected by the camera 3, and the real-time water level can be deduced through calculation by the processing control unit 5.

[0039] In this embodiment, the processing control unit 5 starts a measurement process by time triggering or remote triggering.

[0040] It should be noted that the water level is the height of the water surface at a certain location from the standard base surface. In this embodiment, the absolute base surface is used as the standard base surface. China stipulates that the Yellow Sea base surface is the absolute base surface. In this embodiment, a certain distance below the lowest point of the riverbed is used as the elevation starting point of this station.

[0041] In this embodiment, the calculation method of the processing control unit 5 is as follows:

[0042] like Figure 2As shown, after the equipment is installed, first find the elevation H from the laser optical path to point B on the riverbed according to the installation angle of the laser transmitter; select a point F on the laser emission optical path 2 near the shore, and use the measuring equipment to measure the vertical distance from point F to point B on the riverbed, recorded as d; in a measurement process, the processing control unit 5 calculates the distance GB from the water surface G to point B on the picture and the distance FB from point F to point B; then the vertical distance L from point G to point B = d*GB / FB, and the current water level W = H+L. It should be noted that point G is the current water level laser point 6.

[0043] In this embodiment, the measuring device is RTK. In other embodiments, other measuring devices capable of real-time dynamic measurement of GPS elevation may also be used.

[0044] The present invention provides a device and method for monitoring the water level of a wide and shallow variable river. The device uses a laser emission module 1 to emit a laser signal, captures the bright spot formed by the laser on the water surface through a camera 3, and calculates the water level height using geometric principles, so that the device can monitor the water level changes in real time and quickly transmit the data to the processing control unit 5 for calculation and analysis, which can effectively improve the monitoring efficiency, enable relevant departments to quickly grasp the water level dynamics and make timely responses, and, through the cooperation of the laser and the camera 3, the device can realize accurate capture and real-time monitoring of water level changes, so that the device can be applicable to rivers with large water level changes, that is, the device is particularly suitable for water level monitoring of wide and shallow variable rivers, and the device and method do not require a water gauge, and are more practical.

[0045] According to the above description of this specification, those skilled in the art may also understand that the terms used below, such as "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "width", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like, which indicate orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings of this specification, and are only for the purpose of facilitating the explanation of the scheme of the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than explicitly or implicitly indicating that the devices or elements involved must have the specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above-mentioned orientation or positional relationship terms cannot be understood or interpreted as limitations on the scheme of the present invention.

[0046] In addition, in the description of this specification, “plurality” means at least two, for example, two, three or more, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

Claims

1. A water level monitoring device for a wide and shallow variable river, characterized in that: It includes a laser emission module, a camera, and a processing control unit. The laser signal emitted by the laser emission module points to the lowest water level of the river. The camera points to the laser light path emitted by the laser emission module. The lowest water level of the river is included in the field of view of the camera. The processing control unit is electrically connected to the laser emission module and the camera respectively.

2. A wide and shallow variable river water level monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The camera is located upstream or downstream along the river on the same side as the laser transmitting module.

3. The device for monitoring water level of a wide and shallow river according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wavelength of the laser emission module is 450nm, the power is 200mW, and the range is greater than or equal to 300m.

4. A wide and shallow variable river water level monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The camera's lens is a 120mm fixed-focus, 12-megapixel lens.

5. The device for monitoring water level of a wide and shallow river according to claim 4, characterized in that: The camera is fixed with a three-axis stabilized anti-shake gimbal.

6. A wide and shallow variable river water level monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The processing control unit is connected to the camera via RJ45, and is connected to the laser emission module via an RVVP2 wired cable. The processing control unit is electrically connected to a power supply system, which includes a solar panel and a lithium battery.

7. A method for monitoring water level in a wide and shallow variable river, characterized in that: The device for monitoring the water level of a wide and shallow variable river as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 comprises the following steps: S1. The laser emission module regularly projects the shore laser to the water surface in the center of the river, and the laser will form a regular bright spot on the water surface; S2, the bright spots in step S1 are collected by a camera; S3. The change of water level is reflected in the picture collected by the camera, and the real-time water level can be deduced after calculation by the processing control unit.

8. A method for monitoring water level in a wide and shallow variable river according to claim 7, characterized in that: The calculation method for processing control unit is as follows: After the equipment is installed, first find out the elevation H from the laser optical path to point B on the riverbed based on the installation depression angle of the laser transmitter; select a point F on the laser emission optical path close to the shore, and use the measuring equipment to measure the vertical distance from point F to point B on the riverbed, recorded as d; in one measurement process, the processing and control unit calculates the distance GB from the water surface G to point B in the image and the distance FB from point F to point B; then the vertical distance L from point G to point B is L=d*GB / FB, and the current water level W is W=H+L.

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