Railway wagon overload and unbalanced load detection system and railway wagon

Abstract

The invention provides a railway wagon overload and unbalanced load detection system and a railway wagon, the system comprises at least four swing bolster load sensors and a vehicle-mounted host, and the swing bolster load sensors are used for detecting the stress of four swing bolsters; the vehicle-mounted host is used for receiving and processing detection signals of the four swing bolster load sensors so as to obtain the load of the truck body, the front-back load difference value of the truck body, the left-right load difference value of the truck body and unbalance loading position information, load data and overload and unbalance loading positions of different parts of the truck are obtained through internal data processing, dependence on a rail weighbridge is reduced, and the reliability of the truck is improved. And the quantity of goods loaded by the truck can be quickly known.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of railway freight cars, and more specifically, relates to a railway freight car overload and unbalanced load detection system and a railway freight car. Background Art

[0002] Railway transportation is the main artery of national economic development, and freight plays an important supporting role in railway transportation. Railway freight cars are the main freight equipment. The wheels of such trucks must run along the steel rails specially laid for them, and they have a simple structure and are generally unattended trucks. Therefore, once an accident occurs in a railway truck, it will affect the operation of the entire train and even cause chaos in the entire train transportation system. Therefore, railway transportation safety has always been one of the most important contents for railway operation management departments, and many measures have been adopted for this purpose. Among them, the ground information (5T) system is the key guarantee measure for the safe operation of trucks. The 5T monitoring system mainly judges the safe operation status of trucks by monitoring parameters such as vibration and sound of running trucks. However, there is a lack of means for the overload status of trucks that affect the operation quality of trucks and the economic indicators related to the load weight of trucks. At present, the billing of railway trucks is mainly based on the type of truck and the load weight. For bulk goods, the billing unit is mainly the type of truck. However, since a large number of general open trucks and hopper trucks are used for loading bulk goods, forklifts are used for loading, resulting in the loading weight being weighed only at the loading site scale, and there are many material sites without ground scales, which will result in some trucks not being able to be weighed. In addition, since general trucks may be unevenly loaded during loading and unloading, the trucks may be overloaded, which will cause great harm to the safe operation of the trucks. This requires the development of a truck overload and overload monitoring system to facilitate the operators at the material yard or truck delivery line to quickly understand the loading and overload status of the trucks and make corresponding countermeasures to adjust the status of the truck cargo. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a railway freight car overload and unbalanced load detection system and a railway freight car, which are used to timely grasp the loading and overload and unbalanced load conditions of the freight car.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a railway freight car overload detection system, the railway freight car comprising a car body and a first bogie and a second bogie respectively located at the front and rear ends of the bottom of the car body, the system comprising:

[0005] At least four bolster load sensors; at least four of the bolster load sensors are respectively arranged at the first side bolster of the first bogie, the second side bolster of the first bogie, the first side bolster of the second bogie and the second side bolster of the second bogie, for respectively detecting the magnitude of the forces on the four bolsters;

[0006] The vehicle-mounted host is electrically connected to the four bolster load sensors and is used to receive and process detection signals from the four bolster load sensors to obtain the load of the vehicle body, the front and rear load difference of the vehicle body, the left and right load difference of the vehicle body and the eccentric load position information.

[0007] Optionally, the bolster load sensor is disposed in a gap between an upper portion of a bolster spring of the bolster and a side frame.

[0008] Optionally, the vehicle-mounted host includes a mainboard, and the mainboard is provided with a data acquisition module, a microprocessor, a data storage device, a power supply module and a wireless communication module;

[0009] The data acquisition module is connected to the bolster load sensor 3 and collects detection data;

[0010] The microprocessor is connected to the acquisition module and processes the detection data to obtain the load of the railway freight car, the difference between the front and rear loads of the freight car, and the difference between the left and right loads of the freight car;

[0011] The data storage is connected to the microprocessor and is used to store data of the microprocessor;

[0012] The power supply module is connected to the data acquisition module and the microprocessor and supplies power;

[0013] The communication module is used for communicating with the server.

[0014] Optionally, the vehicle-mounted host further comprises: a display screen, which is connected to the microprocessor and is used to display the load of the vehicle body, the load difference between the front and rear of the vehicle body, the load difference between the left and right of the vehicle body and the offset load position information.

[0015] Optionally, the vehicle-mounted host further includes:

[0016] The alarm device sends out an alarm when the difference between the front and rear loads of the truck is ≥ a first set value, or the difference between the front and rear loads of the truck is ≥ a second set value, or the load of the truck is ≥ a third set value.

[0017] Optionally, the first set value is 8t, the second set value is 10t, and the third set value is 72t.

[0018] Optionally, the vehicle-mounted host further includes: a chassis, and the protection grade of the chassis is IP66.

[0019] Optionally, the vehicle-mounted host is connected to the bolster load sensor via a cable, the cable is fixed to the vehicle body via a wire clamp, a soft protective tube and a protective plate are provided on the outside of the cable, and the cable connector is an aviation plug.

[0020] Optionally, the communication module is provided with an inner slot, into which a SIM card can be inserted for wireless communication with the server, and the communication module can encapsulate the unique identification code into a registration package and report it to the server for identity authentication.

[0021] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a railway freight car, comprising:

[0022] The main body and the overload and eccentric load detection system described in the first aspect.

[0023] The present invention provides a railway freight car overload and unbalanced load detection system, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The system includes at least four bolster load sensors and a vehicle-mounted host. The bolster load sensors are used to detect the force applied to the four bolsters. The vehicle-mounted host is used to receive and process the detection signals of the four bolster load sensors to obtain the load of the vehicle, the difference between the front and rear loads of the vehicle, the difference between the left and right loads of the vehicle, and the information on the eccentric load position. The system can detect the weight of the loaded goods, and can detect the load data of the front and rear ends of the truck and the load data of the left and right sides of the truck. Through internal data processing, the load data of different parts of the truck and the overload and eccentric load positions are obtained, which reduces the dependence on the track scale and can quickly understand how much cargo is loaded on the truck.

[0025] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through a more detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals generally represent like components throughout the exemplary embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an overload and unbalanced load detection system in Embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown.

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the position and shape of the bolster load sensor in a heavy vehicle state in the first embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0029] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the position and shape of a bolster load sensor in an empty vehicle state in the first embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0030] Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a mainboard in the first embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0031] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a vehicle-mounted host in the first embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0032] Figure 6 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the overload and unbalanced load detection system on a truck in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 7 The fixed connection structure of the wire clamp in the first embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 .

[0034] Figure 8 The fixed connection structure of the wire clamp in the first embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 .

[0035] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the fixed connection structure of the protective plate in the first embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0036] Fig.10 The flowchart of the system software program in the first embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0037] Description of reference numerals:

[0038] 1. Vehicle-mounted host; 2. Cables; 3. Rocker load sensor; 4. Aviation plug; 5. Splitter; 6. Protective tube; 7. Protective plate; 8. Wire clamp; 9. Side frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] Railway freight cars are generally composed of a car body, a bogie, a brake device, and a coupler buffer device, and the car body and the bogie are the two main parts that bear the weight of the goods. When the truck is loaded with goods and in operation, a large force will be generated on the supporting rail surface. For this reason, it is necessary to reduce the impact damage of this force on the rail surface and thus reduce the impact on the operation of the truck. It is necessary to add a buffer device between the truck and the rail. Since the car body is generally a car box structure and is an integral whole, the buffer device between the truck and the rail is mainly realized by the bogie spring. The current mainstream of the railway freight car bogie is a three-piece bogie, which is mainly composed of components such as bolsters, side frames 9, wheels and bolster springs, and the change in the empty load of the truck when it is stationary is also mainly reflected in the change in the compression of the bolster spring. The gravity transmission of the entire railway freight car is: car body → bolster (including six force points including the center plate and side bearings) → bolster spring → side frame 9 → wheel → rail → roadbed.

[0040] The overload detection system of the present invention is based on the change of the bolster spring during the gravity transmission of the railway truck. The bolster load sensors 3 are arranged at four places on both sides of the two bolsters of the truck to feedback the force conditions at each position when the truck is empty or loaded. Since the cargo in the car box may be unevenly distributed when the bulk cargo is loaded, the detection values ​​of the bolster load sensors 3 at the four positions will be different. The onboard host 1 processes the data according to the pre-set calculation program, thereby obtaining the load of the truck and the difference between the front and rear loads of the truck and the difference between the left and right loads of the truck. When the difference between the front and rear loads or the left and right loads of the truck exceeds the set standard value, the feedback signal activates the alarm device and the communication module, and at the same time, an alarm is displayed on the display screen and the handheld device or display to show the overload condition.

[0041] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the present invention more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0042] Embodiment 1

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a railway freight car overload detection system, the railway freight car includes a car body and a first bogie and a second bogie respectively located at the front and rear ends of the bottom of the car body, the system includes:

[0044] At least four bolster load sensors 3; at least four bolster load sensors 3 are respectively arranged at the first side bolster of the first bogie, the second side bolster of the first bogie, the first side bolster of the second bogie and the second side bolster of the second bogie, for respectively detecting the magnitude of the forces on the four bolsters;

[0045] The vehicle-mounted host 1 is electrically connected to four bolster load sensors 3, and is used to receive and process detection signals of the four bolster load sensors 3 to obtain the load of the vehicle body, the front and rear load difference of the vehicle body, the left and right load difference of the vehicle body and the eccentric load position information.

[0046] Specifically, the system can detect the weight of the truck and the cargo it carries, and can detect the front and rear end of the truck (the truck is distinguished in the longitudinal direction on the track, the end with the handbrake is the front end, the opposite is the rear end; the left hand side facing the rear end is the left side, and the right hand side is the right side) load data and the left and right side load data of the truck, and through internal data processing, obtain the load data and overload positions of different parts of the truck. The function of checking the load of railway trucks at any time has been realized, reducing the dependence on track scales, and being able to quickly understand how much cargo is loaded on the truck.

[0047] Optionally, the bolster load sensor 3 is disposed in a gap between an upper portion of a bolster spring of the bolster and the side frame 9 .

[0048] Specifically, according to the description of the gravity transmission process of railway freight cars in the previous text, it can be seen that the force-bearing parts are mostly rigid parts with small deformation, and only the displacement of the bolster spring is large; and the bolster load sensor 3 is added to the rigid part. Since the empty weight of the freight car is relatively large, the selection range for the bolster load sensor 3 is relatively small, and the accuracy requirement of the bolster load sensor 3 also greatly increases the cost. Since this system is mainly used to detect the overload and unbalanced load of the freight car, that is, the total load of the freight car, the difference between the front and rear loads of the freight car, and the difference between the left and right loads of the freight car, it is necessary to detect the force conditions of more than four force-bearing points of the freight car. According to the gravity transmission structure of the freight car, it can be concluded that adding pressure sensors to the four force-bearing points of the bolster or the eight wheel force-bearing points can achieve the overload and unbalanced load detection requirements. Therefore, after comprehensive analysis, this system sets the bolster load sensor 3 in the space position above the bolster spring between the side frame 9 and the bolster, and selects a pressure sensor with a certain displacement as the bolster load sensor 3. The side frame 9 itself is a casting structure, the inner cavity is a cavity structure, and a transverse rib is cast in the middle of the side frame 9. The bolster load sensor 3 is fixed to the side frame 9 by bolts and straddling, while the lower part of the bolster load sensor 3 is pressed against the upper plane of the bolster. Then the clamping plate of the bolster load sensor 3 is pulled out, and the collar of the bolster load sensor 3 will always be in contact with the upper plane of the bolster under the action of the internal spring. In this way, when the vehicle is empty, the bolster load sensor 3 can measure the displacement of four points, and the force values ​​of the four points are obtained according to the linear relationship between the base value and the bolster spring stiffness. When the vehicle is loaded, the bolster moves downward to compress the bolster spring to produce a certain offset value, and the lower collar of the bolster load sensor 3 extends out and presses against the bolster surface under the action of the internal spring. At this time, the displacement of the four points measured is used to obtain the force values ​​of the four points according to the linear relationship between the base value and the bolster spring stiffness. Figure 2-3 The position of the bolster load sensor 3 in two states of empty and loaded vehicles is shown. When the truck passes on a curve, the vehicle body deviates, the bolster compresses the bolster spring and produces different compression amounts. Similarly, the bolster load sensor 3 will also detect different pressure values.

[0049] Optionally, the vehicle-mounted host 1 includes a mainboard, which is provided with a data acquisition module, a microprocessor, a data storage device, a power supply module and a wireless communication module;

[0050] The data acquisition module is connected to the bolster load sensor 3 and collects detection data;

[0051] The microprocessor is connected to the acquisition module and processes the detection data to obtain the load of the railway freight car, the difference between the front and rear loads of the freight car, and the difference between the left and right loads of the freight car;

[0052] The data storage device is connected to the microprocessor and is used for storing data of the microprocessor;

[0053] The power module is connected to the data acquisition module and the microprocessor and supplies power;

[0054] The communication module is used to communicate with the server.

[0055] In this embodiment, the mainboard structure is as follows Figure 4 As shown in the figure, it is manufactured with common components in the market, and has the characteristics of mature and reliable, stable performance, easy to obtain accessories, and low cost. The microprocessor adopts the domestic FM33LG048 microprocessor, and the data memory of the microprocessor has 8M storage capacity for storing data. The communication module is 4G-DTU. When the truck is overloaded or unbalanced, the microprocessor feedback signal activates 4G-DTU to upload the overload or unbalanced information to the server. When uploading data, the microprocessor communicates with 4G-DTU through R232, and 4G-DTU realizes data packaging and reporting in a transparent transmission mode. Users can also connect to the server through a mobile phone to view and download overload or unbalanced information. The power module is based on the selection of a mature 20AH lithium iron phosphate battery with a battery voltage of 24V. According to the design requirements, the working time of the battery is not less than 4320h. According to the circuit design of the main control board, most of the system power consumption is concentrated in the application of 4G-DTU, so the main control board needs to control the power module to disconnect when it is not working to prevent excessive power consumption. Each time 4G-DTU uploads, it needs 24V voltage, consumes an average current of 320mA, and takes 300s. The energy consumption for uploading once is: 24V×320MA×300s=2304000. The total capacity is 24V×20000MA×3600s=1728000000, and the number of times available is 1123200000 / 2304000=750 times. If it is used for more than 6 months, it needs to be sent once every six hours.

[0056] The main board also includes a charge and discharge control circuit to prevent the battery from overcharging or over-discharging. The battery charge and discharge control module performs float charging on the battery when external power is available, and automatically switches to battery power supply when external power is not available. When the battery voltage is lower than the normal operating voltage, the protection function is automatically activated to disconnect the battery.

[0057] The power module is set to power three channels. The first channel powers the communication module. The second channel is stepped down by the BUCK circuit to convert 24V into 5V to power the microprocessor and data acquisition module. The third channel powers the charge and discharge control circuit.

[0058] Optionally, the vehicle-mounted host 1 further comprises: a display screen, which is connected to the microprocessor and is used to display the load of the vehicle body, the front and rear load difference of the vehicle body, the left and right load difference of the vehicle body and the eccentric load position information.

[0059] Specifically, if Figure 5As shown, the display screen can display Chinese characters and English letters, which is convenient for checking and maintaining overload data, equipment status and other information. The on-board host 1 is also provided with multiple buttons for sending instructions to the microprocessor. It can be detected through the button control system, or the system can be set to timed detection, which can facilitate the on-site operators to understand the loading status of the truck cargo and deal with the overload phenomenon in time. At the same time, the client can remotely understand the overload situation and cargo damage of the truck at various positions. Since the system has two types of on-site button detection of overload and overload detection data upload, the data display is also in two types. The server side displays the Excel format document generated by downloading and the overload alarm SMS reminder method. The main interface of the on-board host 1 display screen displays the vehicle number, operation time, system power, truck status, and load information in turn. If the truck status is abnormal, there will be a red font prompt of the corresponding status at the bottom of the main interface. The system realizes the function of checking the load weight of railway trucks at any time, reduces the dependence on the track scale, and can quickly understand the amount of cargo loaded on the truck.

[0060] Alternatively, if Figure 5 As shown, the vehicle-mounted host 1 also includes:

[0061] The alarm device sends out an alarm when the difference between the front and rear loads of the truck is ≥ a first set value, or the difference between the front and rear loads of the truck is ≥ a second set value, or the load of the truck is ≥ a third set value.

[0062] Specifically, when a truck is overloaded or unevenly loaded, the microprocessor feedback signal activates the alarm device, and the alarm device sends out sound and light signals to prompt on-site workers to handle the fault in a timely manner.

[0063] Optionally, the first set value is 8t, the second set value is 10t, and the third set value is 72t.

[0064] Optionally, the vehicle-mounted host 1 further includes:

[0065] Chassis, chassis protection grade is IP66.

[0066] Specifically, the chassis adopts a mature electrical box structure, and two sealing rings are set at the chassis door, so that the door is embedded in the chassis and has an axial sealing effect. At the same time, the chassis door pressure strip presses the chassis to play a secondary sealing role; the cable 2 joint adopts a double sealing structure with an internal sealing ring and an external sealant, so that the protection level of the entire vehicle-mounted host 1 reaches IP66, meeting the complex and dusty environment requirements of trucks. The chassis door lock adopts a universal railway triangle lock to improve reliability and convenience. The vehicle-mounted host 1 is fixed to the truck by four-corner bolts. Considering the different models of trucks and the convenience of personnel under the vehicle, the vehicle-mounted host 1 is fixed in the range of 0-500mm above the truck chassis. The corresponding fixing brackets can be welded at the end wall and side wall to fasten the vehicle-mounted host 1 box to the bracket.

[0067] Optionally, the vehicle-mounted host 1 is connected to the bolster load sensor 3 via a cable 2 , the cable 2 is fixed to the vehicle body via a wire clamp 8 , a soft protective tube 6 and a protective plate 7 are provided on the outside of the cable 2 , and the connector of the cable 2 is an aviation plug 4 .

[0068] Specifically, taking the KZ70 ballast hopper truck as an example, the layout structure of the overload detection system on the truck is as follows: Figure 6 As shown. Since trucks have very different lengths and structures, and the bogies are arranged at a large distance, cables 2 are required to connect the bolster load sensors 3 and the onboard host 1. Therefore, a certain number of splitters 5 are provided on the truck to connect the nearest sensor harnesses to the splitters, thereby reducing the harnesses of the cables 2. Cable 2 uses low-smoke, halogen-free, flame-retardant 3-core, 5-core, and 7-core standard cables. Since the bolster load sensors 3 and the onboard host 1 arranged on the truck are far apart, cable 2 needs to be fixed and protected accordingly according to the truck structure. The fixing and protection mainly adopts cable tie bundling, wire clamp 8 fixing, and protective plate 7 fixing. The fixed connection structure of wire clamp 8 is as shown in the figure. Figure 7-8 As shown, the fixed connection structure of the protective plate 7 is as follows Fig. 9 A soft protective tube 6 is set on the outside of the cable 2, a cable tie is used to organize the wire harness, and an elastic rubber pad is used to fix it, thereby improving the protection.

[0069] Optionally, the communication module is provided with an inner slot, into which a SIM card can be inserted for wireless communication with the server, and the communication module can encapsulate the unique identification code into a registration package and report it to the server for identity authentication.

[0070] Specifically, a SIM card with 4G function is placed in the slot inside the communication module, and the communication module parameters are set when the power is turned on, so that the communication module encapsulates the unique identification code into a registration package and reports it to the server. The server will search the internal database to display the identification code. The use of IoT cards has a fixed identification, which can meet the calibration of one car and one card, and can realize the query and rapid processing of overload information of each car in the system. The use of mature 4G-DTU communication modules has the characteristics of strong signal penetration, rapid transmission, stability and reliability.

[0071] Optionally, the microprocessor stores system software, which sets the calculation program and calibrates the overload limit, so as to meet the judgment of overload state in the existing railway operation loading reinforcement specification. At the same time, data iteration and statistical algorithms are used to stabilize the basic value of the bolster load sensor 3, reduce the interference of factors such as truck manufacturing and bolster load sensor 3 installation on the basic value, and improve the assembly efficiency and engineering application performance of the bolster load sensor 3. System software system software program flow is as follows Fig.10 As shown. First, after the system is initialized, the network time is obtained by registering to the 4G network through 4G-DTU, the internal time calibration of the data acquisition module is completed, and the time for the next acquisition and upload is calculated by recording the manual detection time and the upload interval parameter. When the data acquisition time is up, the data acquisition module obtains the real-time data of the bolster load sensor 3 through the RS485 line and stores it in the data storage device. Considering the battery capacity and the transportation rules of trucks, the upload interval parameter can be set to 0.5h after manual detection, and the rest of the time is in sleep mode. According to the general frequency of truck use of 3 times / day and the frequency of interval operation detection once, it can be concluded that 2×3 times / day=6 times / day. According to the battery capacity sent by the battery 750 times, 750 / 6=125 days>3 months, which meets the requirements of the battery life cycle.

[0072] The system is usually in the off state. When you need to detect the load condition of the truck, press the detection button, the system will be powered on and start, and the current load data will be displayed in real time. Press the load detection button again in the on state, the system will record the operation in the history record and upload the record to the server. After the system is turned on, if there is no key operation within 30 seconds, it will automatically enter the off-screen state. At this time, other functions of the system are still operating normally. After the screen is turned off, press the up or down button to light up the display. After the system is turned on, if there is no key operation within 6 minutes, the system will automatically cut off the power supply and enter the dormant state until it is awakened by the program or manually awakened by the button for the next round of detection. The 4G signal mechanism is sent once half an hour after the personnel inspect the on-board host 1, which reduces the battery power loss, increases the battery life and service life, and meets the requirements of the truck inspection and maintenance cycle.

[0073] The software system of the vehicle-mounted host 1 sets the calculation program and calibrates the overload limit, which can meet the judgment of overload status in the existing railway operation loading reinforcement specifications. At the same time, data iteration and statistical algorithms are used to stabilize the basic value of the bolster load sensor 3, reduce the interference of factors such as truck manufacturing and bolster load sensor 3 installation on the basic value, and improve the assembly efficiency and engineering application performance of the bolster load sensor 3.

[0074] The method of using the overload and unbalanced load detection system of this embodiment is as follows:

[0075] The system starts load detection: click the "Detect" button on the vehicle-mounted host box 1, the system will display the values ​​of the four bolster load sensors 3 in order, and then display the total load and the front and rear loads, left and right loads of the truck, and will give an audible and visual alarm in case of unbalanced load (when the difference between the left and right sides is ≥8t, and the difference between the front and rear is ≥10t) or overload (when the total load is ≥72t).

[0076] View load detection data: Click the "View" button on the vehicle host box 1, the system will enter the home page, and you can view the recent load detection data by clicking "Up" and "Down".

[0077] Brightness adjustment: On the main page, press and hold the "Up" button for 5 seconds to enter the brightness adjustment page. Click the "Up" button to increase the brightness, and click the "Down" button to decrease the brightness.

[0078] Charging or replacing the battery: Connect the charger cable to the charger port of the vehicle host 1, and connect the charger plug to the 220VAC power supply, and the system will start charging the battery. During the charging process, the red indicator light of the charger is always on; after it is fully charged, the red indicator light of the charger goes out and the green indicator light is always on. You can also use the quick replacement of the battery: open the chassis door, remove the battery clip, and pull out the battery; push the fully charged battery of the same model into the card slot, lower the battery clip to lock the battery, then close the chassis door, and click the "Detect" button on the vehicle host 1 box until it can be detected successfully.

[0079] Data download: Open the data download software on the server side, and connect the data download cable to the data download interface of the vehicle host 1. Turn on the vehicle host 1, click the data download button, receive the data sent by the vehicle, and "save" to generate an Excel format document; you can also connect to the server or click the download button on the APP side, specify the storage path, and download it to the corresponding electronic device.

[0080] Embodiment 2

[0081] This embodiment provides a railway freight car, comprising:

[0082] The main body and the overload and eccentric load detection system in the first embodiment.

[0083] At present, the system has been tested for loading on KM70 coal hopper cars and C70E open cars, with ideal results. It can be extended to other types of railway freight cars, with great economic and social benefits.

[0084] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, and the above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and changes will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A railway freight car overload detection system, the railway freight car comprises a car body and a first bogie and a second bogie respectively located at the front and rear ends of the bottom of the car body, characterized in that: The system comprises: At least four bolster load sensors (3); the at least four bolster load sensors (3) are respectively arranged at the first side bolster of the first bogie, the second side bolster of the first bogie, the first side bolster of the second bogie and the second side bolster of the second bogie, and are used to respectively detect the magnitude of the forces on the four bolsters; The vehicle-mounted host (1) is electrically connected to the four bolster load sensors (3) and is used to receive and process detection signals from the four bolster load sensors (3) to obtain vehicle load, front and rear load difference, left and right load difference and eccentric load position information.

2. The overload and unbalanced load detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bolster load sensor (3) is arranged in a gap between the upper part of the bolster spring of the bolster and the side frame (9).

3. The overload and unbalanced load detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vehicle-mounted host 1 includes a mainboard, which is provided with a data acquisition module, a microprocessor, a data storage device, a power supply module and a wireless communication module; The data acquisition module is connected to the bolster load sensor (3) and acquires detection data; The microprocessor is connected to the acquisition module and processes the detection data to obtain the load of the railway freight car, the difference between the front and rear loads of the freight car, and the difference between the left and right loads of the freight car; The data storage is connected to the microprocessor and is used to store data of the microprocessor; The power supply module is connected to the data acquisition module and the microprocessor and supplies power; The communication module is used for communicating with the server.

4. The overload and unbalanced load detection system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The vehicle-mounted host (1) further comprises: a display screen, which is connected to the microprocessor and is used to display the load of the vehicle body, the difference between the front and rear loads of the vehicle body, the difference between the left and right loads of the vehicle body, and the eccentric load position information.

5. The overload and unbalanced load detection system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The vehicle-mounted host (1) further comprises: The alarm device sends out an alarm when the difference between the front and rear loads of the truck is ≥ a first set value, or the difference between the front and rear loads of the truck is ≥ a second set value, or the load of the truck is ≥ a third set value.

6. The overload and unbalanced load detection system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first set value is 8t, the second set value is 10t, and the third set value is 72t.

7. The overload and unbalanced load detection system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The vehicle-mounted host (1) further comprises: The protection grade of the chassis is IP66.

8. The overload and unbalanced load detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vehicle-mounted host (1) is connected to the bolster load sensor (3) via a cable (2); the cable (2) is fixed to the vehicle body via a wire clamp (8); a soft protective tube 6 and a protective plate (7) are provided outside the cable (2); and the connector of the cable (2) is an aviation plug (4).

9. The overload and unbalanced load detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication module is provided with an inner slot, into which a SIM card can be inserted to wirelessly communicate with the server. The communication module can encapsulate a unique identity code into a registration package and report it to the server for identity authentication.

10. A railway freight car, characterized in that: include: A vehicle body, and an overload detection system as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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