In-situ non-contact water environment pollution rapid traceability device and detection method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of water quality detection, and particularly relates to an in-situ non-contact water environment pollution rapid traceability device and a detection method, and the device comprises a pretreatment unit, a spectrum sensor unit and a data processing system. The pretreatment unit comprises a water pumping assembly and a waterfall maker, and the water pumping assembly is used for pumping a water body to be detected into the waterfall maker to form a waterfall; the spectrum sensor unit comprises an ultraviolet visible light beam generation module and an acquisition module, the ultraviolet visible light beam generation module is used for forming a single ultraviolet visible light beam to irradiate the waterfall, and the acquisition module is used for acquiring the wavelength and absorbance of the ultraviolet visible light beam penetrating through the waterfall; and the data processing system is used for processing and analyzing the acquired wavelength and absorbance, comparing the wavelength and absorbance with a standard spectrum, generating qualitative and quantitative reports of pollutants and positioning a water pumping position. The device does not need to be in direct contact with a water body, so that cleaning and maintenance requirements are reduced, data accuracy is guaranteed, and pollution positions can be traced conveniently.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of water quality detection, and in particular relates to an in-situ non-contact water environment pollution rapid tracing device and a detection method. Background Art

[0002] At present, the problem of water pollution is becoming increasingly serious. Traditional water quality monitoring methods have disadvantages such as long monitoring cycle, high cost, and manual operation, which makes it difficult to meet the needs of rapid response. Especially when a pollution accident occurs, timely and accurate determination of the pollution source and the type and concentration of pollutants is crucial for environmental protection and emergency treatment. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a green, environmentally friendly, accurate, efficient, simple and easy-to-use water environment pollution monitoring device.

[0003] Rapid source tracing of water pollution is an active research area that aims to quickly and accurately identify and locate pollution sources so that timely actions can be taken to control pollution and reduce its impact on the environment and public health. Research in this area can be divided into several main technical directions:

[0004] 1. Laboratory measurement:

[0005] Ex situ measurement techniques usually involve taking water samples or pollutants back to the laboratory for more detailed and precise analysis. This method can use more complex instruments and techniques to provide more in-depth data analysis. For example: High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) can be used to separate organic and inorganic compounds in water samples, often used in conjunction with ultraviolet, visible light or mass spectrometry detectors, suitable for detecting pesticides, drug residues, etc. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is suitable for the detection of volatile and semi-volatile organic pollutants, such as solvents, fuel additives, etc. Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS); atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS) is mainly used for the detection of inorganic elements such as heavy metals, such as lead, mercury and arsenic. Biological detection methods, such as microbial detection and biological toxicity testing, are used to assess the impact of polluted water on organisms. These methods are generally highly sensitive and specific, but require professional equipment and technicians to operate, and have a long processing time.

[0006] 2. Contact measurement:

[0007] Contact measurement technology is in direct contact with water, such as electrochemical sensors that directly measure chemical or biochemical properties in water, such as pH, dissolved oxygen, heavy metal ions, etc. Fiber optic sensors use fiber optic technology to detect pollutants by measuring the absorption or scattering of light by certain substances in water or solutions. Biosensors use biological recognition elements (such as enzymes, antibodies or microorganisms) to convert their high selectivity for specific pollutants into electrical signal output.

[0008] The advantage of the contact method is that it can provide real-time or near-real-time monitoring data, which is convenient for rapid response and processing. However, for this contact measurement method, the sampled water body usually needs to be taken to the laboratory for testing, which cannot quickly trace the location of the pollutants, and the monitoring device usually needs to be cleaned and maintained regularly to prevent the accumulation of scale and impurities, otherwise it will cause equipment contamination and damage, affecting the accuracy of the measurement. Summary of the invention

[0009] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an in-situ non-contact water environment pollution rapid tracing device and detection method, which can perform non-contact pollution source detection near the water source, facilitate source tracing, and effectively avoid direct contact between the detection instrument and the water body, reducing the need for cleaning and maintenance, thereby avoiding equipment contamination and damage and ensuring the accuracy of the detection data.

[0010] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0011] An in-situ non-contact water environment pollution rapid source tracing device, comprising:

[0012] The pre-processing unit includes a pumping assembly and a water waterfall maker, wherein the pumping assembly is used to deliver the water body of the water source to be tested to the water waterfall maker, and the water waterfall maker is used to form the water body into a water waterfall;

[0013] A spectral sensor unit, comprising an ultraviolet-visible light beam generating module and a collecting module, wherein the ultraviolet-visible light beam generating module and the collecting module are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the water waterfall, wherein the ultraviolet-visible light beam generating module is used to form a single ultraviolet-visible light beam to illuminate the water waterfall, and the collecting module is used to collect the wavelength and absorbance of the ultraviolet-visible light beam passing through the water waterfall;

[0014] The data processing system includes an analysis and comparison unit and a positioning module. The analysis and comparison unit is used to receive and process the data collected by the collection module, and compare the processed data with the standard spectrum to generate qualitative and quantitative reports of pollutants; the positioning module is used to locate the location of the water source to be tested, and match the positioning information with the qualitative and quantitative reports of the pollutants.

[0015] Preferably, the ultraviolet-visible light beam generating module comprises:

[0016] A light source is arranged on one side of the water waterfall and is used to illuminate the water waterfall;

[0017] A monochromator, arranged between the light source and the water waterfall, for separating the light emitted by the light source into a single wavelength ultraviolet and visible light beam;

[0018] The grating spectrometer is arranged between the monochromator and the water waterfall and is used for adjusting the wavelength of the ultraviolet visible light beam.

[0019] Preferably, the collection module is arranged on the other side of the water waterfall away from the light source, and comprises:

[0020] A photoelectric detector is arranged on a side of the water waterfall away from the light source, and is used to measure the wavelength and absorbance of the ultraviolet visible light beam passing through the water waterfall;

[0021] The photoelectric converter is used to convert the collected wavelength and absorbance into electrical signals and transmit them to the data processing system.

[0022] Preferably, the analysis and comparison unit comprises:

[0023] A data receiving module, used for receiving the electrical signal generated by the photoelectric converter;

[0024] Used to perform smoothing and noise filtering preprocessing on the original data of the electrical signal received by the data receiving module, and generate a signal curve;

[0025] A characteristic peak identification module, which identifies a characteristic peak in the signal curve according to the signal curve generated by the data correction module;

[0026] A database comparison module compares the characteristic peaks identified in the characteristic peak identification module with the standard spectra in the pre-established pollutant database to match the most similar spectra;

[0027] The output module determines the type and concentration of pollutants based on the most similar spectrum matched in the database comparison module and generates qualitative and quantitative analysis reports.

[0028] Preferably, the pumping assembly comprises:

[0029] A water pump, the water inlet end of which is used to be placed in the water body at the position to be tested, and the water outlet end is connected to a water pipe;

[0030] A filter connected between the water pipe and the water waterfall maker, the filter being used to remove solid impurities in the water body;

[0031] The exhaust valve is installed on the water pipe to discharge the gas in the water;

[0032] The water flow control valve is arranged on the water pipe and is used to control the water flow rate of the water pipe.

[0033] Preferably, the water inlet end of the water pump is connected to a water pumping pipe, and a water level detector is fixed at the inlet of the water pumping pipe.

[0034] Preferably, the filter comprises:

[0035] A box body, having a water inlet and a water outlet, wherein the water inlet is connected to the water pipe, and the water outlet is connected to the water waterfall maker;

[0036] A filter basket is arranged inside the box body and between the water inlet and the water outlet, the opening of the filter basket is opposite to the water inlet, and is used to capture solid particles in the original water body;

[0037] A pressure relief hole is provided at the top of the box body and is used to release the pressure inside the box body;

[0038] The retentate discharge port is arranged at the lower end of the box body and is used for regularly cleaning the solid particles accumulated in the box body.

[0039] Preferably, the water waterfall maker comprises:

[0040] A transparent shell is arranged on one side of the filter, and the transparent shell has a drainage hole. During operation, nitrogen needs to be continuously introduced into the transparent shell to prevent air from affecting the measurement results;

[0041] A fine spray nozzle is fixed on the top of the transparent shell, the fine spray nozzle is connected with the water outlet of the box through a water pipe, and the fine spray nozzle is used to form a water curtain in the transparent shell;

[0042] A regulating valve is arranged at the connection end of the fine nozzle and the water pipe, and is used to control the thickness and shape of the water curtain.

[0043] According to the above-mentioned in-situ non-contact water environment pollution rapid source tracing device, its detection method includes the following steps:

[0044] The water body at the position to be tested is filtered and degassed by using a pumping assembly and then input into a water waterfall maker 3, and the water body is processed by the water waterfall maker to form a water waterfall outflow;

[0045] The ultraviolet-visible light beam generation module is used to emit an ultraviolet-visible light beam of a specific wavelength to the surface of the water waterfall, and the acquisition module is used on the other side of the water waterfall to collect the wavelength of the ultraviolet-visible light beam after passing through the water waterfall and the absorbance data of the ultraviolet-visible light beam by the water waterfall;

[0046] The analysis and comparison unit is used to analyze and process the wavelength and absorbance data of the collected ultraviolet and visible light beams, and the processed data are compared with the standard spectrum in the database to generate qualitative and quantitative reports of pollutants. The positioning module is used to locate the location of the water source to be tested, and the positioning information is matched with the qualitative and quantitative reports of the pollutants.

[0047] Compared with the prior art, the in-situ non-contact water environment pollution rapid tracing device and detection method of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0048] 1. Non-contact measurement: Using a spectral sensor unit, using ultraviolet and visible light to illuminate the water waterfall, collecting and analyzing the light passing through the water waterfall, it can detect pollutants qualitatively and quantitatively. There is no need for the detection instrument to come into direct contact with the water body, reducing the need for cleaning and maintenance, thereby avoiding equipment contamination and damage and ensuring data accuracy. At the same time, this device is convenient for on-site detection near the water source, which is convenient for tracing the pollution location;

[0049] 2. Real-time monitoring: The device can monitor pollutants in the water environment in real time and provide timely and accurate data. While obtaining water quality monitoring data in real time, it can also save costs in terms of manpower, material resources, time, etc.;

[0050] 3. Integrated design: The device integrates spectral sensors, data processing systems, and positioning, making the detection of pollutants more accurate;

[0051] 4. Wide range of applications: In environmental analysis and monitoring, UV-visible spectrophotometry can directly or indirectly determine almost all inorganic and organic substances;

[0052] 5. Strong practicability: The device is simple in design, easy to install and operate, and suitable for various water environment monitoring needs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] Figure 1 It is a diagram of the overall system composition in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a water pumping assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 3 This is an overall workflow diagram in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 4 A system diagram of a collection module in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a filter in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a water waterfall maker in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] Description of reference numerals:

[0060] 1. Pretreatment unit; 2. Pumping assembly; 21. Water pump; 22. Filter; 221. Box; 222. Filter basket; 223. Pressure relief hole; 224. Retention outlet; 23. Exhaust valve; 24. Water flow control valve; 3. Water waterfall maker; 31. Transparent shell; 33. Fine nozzle; 34. Regulating valve; 4. Spectral sensor unit; 41. Ultraviolet visible light beam generation module; 411. Light source; 412. Monochromator; 413. Grating spectrometer; 42. Acquisition module; 421. Photoelectric detector; 422. Photoelectric converter; 5. Data processing system; 51. Analysis and comparison unit; 511. Data receiving module; 512. Data correction module; 513. Characteristic peak recognition module; 514. Database comparison module; 515. Output module; 52. Positioning module; 53. Communication unit; 6. Water level detector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0062] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making any creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0063] In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that ordinary technicians in the field can implement it. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0064] In order to be able to perform non-contact pollution source detection near the water source, to facilitate the tracing of the location of pollutants while effectively avoiding direct contact between the detection instrument and the water body, reducing the need for cleaning and maintenance, thereby avoiding equipment contamination and damage, and ensuring the accuracy of the detection data, this embodiment provides an in-situ non-contact water environment pollution rapid tracing device, including a pretreatment unit, a spectral sensor unit and a data processing system, and also includes a power supply unit to provide power support for the above units. Preferably, the device is integrated into a protective transparent shell in actual application, which is easy to maintain and carry, and can adapt to different detection environments.

[0065] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the pretreatment unit 1 includes a pumping component 2 and a water waterfall maker 3, the pumping component 2 is used to pump the water body at the position to be tested to the water waterfall maker 3, and the water waterfall maker 3 is used to form the water body into a water flow state of a water waterfall; the spectral sensor unit 4 includes an ultraviolet visible light beam generating module 41 and a collection module 42, the ultraviolet visible light beam generating module 41 is used to form a single ultraviolet visible light beam to irradiate the water waterfall, and the collection module 42 is used to collect the wavelength and absorbance of the light passing through the water waterfall; the data processing system 5 includes an analysis and comparison unit 51 and a positioning module 52, the analysis and comparison unit 51 is used to receive and process the data collected by the collection module 42, perform data analysis and generate qualitative and quantitative reports of pollutants; the positioning module 52 is used to locate the pumping position of the pumping component 2, so as to locate the position of the pollutant, which is convenient for finding the source of pollution.

[0066] See also Figure 2 As shown, the pumping assembly 2 includes a water pump 21, an exhaust valve 23, a filter 22, and a water flow control valve 24. The water pump 21 is a centrifugal pump, the water inlet end of which is placed in the water body at the position to be tested, and the water outlet end is connected to the water waterfall maker 3 through a water pipe; the exhaust valve 23, the water flow control valve 24 and the filter 22 are all arranged on the water pipe, the exhaust valve 23 is used to discharge the gas in the water body, the filter 22 is used to remove the solid impurities in the water body at the position to be tested, and the water flow control valve 24 is used to control the water flow rate of the water pipe, so as to adjust the flow rate of the water waterfall.

[0067] See also Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the filter 22 includes a housing 221, a filter basket 222, a pressure relief hole 223 and a retentate discharge port 224. The housing 221 has a water inlet and a water outlet, the water inlet is connected to the water pipe, and the water outlet is connected to the water waterfall maker 3; the filter basket 222 is arranged inside the housing 221 and is located between the water inlet and the water outlet, and the opening of the filter basket 222 is opposite to the water inlet, and is used to capture solid particles in the original water body; the pressure relief hole 223 is arranged at the top of the housing 221, and is used to release the pressure inside the filter 22 to prevent damage to the filter 22 or the system due to excessive fluid pressure. It can automatically or manually release excess pressure when the filter 22 is blocked or in other abnormal situations; the retentate discharge port 224 is arranged at the lower end of the housing 221, and is used to regularly clean the solid particles accumulated in the housing 221.

[0068] See also Figure 6As shown, the water waterfall maker 3 includes a transparent shell 31, a fine nozzle 33 and a regulating valve 34. The transparent shell 31 can be made of quartz. The transparent shell 31 is arranged on one side of the filter 22. As a supporting structure, a drain port is arranged on the lower side of the transparent shell 31, and a fine nozzle 33 is fixedly arranged on the top of the transparent shell 31. The fine nozzle 33 is connected to the water outlet of the box 221 through a water pipe, and the fine nozzle 33 is used to spray water in the transparent shell 31 to form a uniform water curtain; the regulating valve 34 is arranged at the connecting end of the fine nozzle 33 and the water pipe, and is used to control the thickness and shape of the water curtain. In addition, during operation, in order to prevent the air from affecting the measurement results, nitrogen or other inert gases need to be continuously introduced into the transparent shell 31.

[0069] See also Figure 3 As shown, the ultraviolet visible light beam generating module 41 includes a light source 411, a monochromator 412 and a grating spectrometer 413. The light source 411 is arranged at one side of the water waterfall for irradiating the water waterfall; the monochromator 412 is arranged between the light source 411 and the water waterfall for separating the light emitted by the light source 411 into an ultraviolet visible light beam of a single wavelength; the grating spectrometer 413 is arranged between the monochromator 412 and the water waterfall for adjusting the wavelength of the ultraviolet visible light beam and irradiating the water waterfall with an ultraviolet visible light beam of a specific wavelength.

[0070] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the acquisition module 42 is arranged on the other side of the water waterfall away from the light source 411, and includes a photodetector 421 and a photoelectric converter 422. The photodetector 421 is arranged on the side of the water waterfall away from the light source, and is used to measure the wavelength and absorbance of the ultraviolet visible light beam passing through the water waterfall; the photoelectric converter 422 is used to convert the collected wavelength and absorbance into electrical signals and transmit them to the data processing system 5.

[0071] See also Figure 1 As shown, the analysis and comparison unit 51 includes a data receiving module 511, a data correction module 512, a characteristic peak identification module 513, a database comparison module 514 and an output module 515. The data receiving module 511 is used to receive the electrical signal generated by the photoelectric converter 422; the data correction module 512 is used to perform smoothing and noise filtering preprocessing on the received raw data of the electrical signal, and generate a signal curve; the characteristic peak identification module 513 is used to identify the characteristic peak in the signal curve according to the signal curve generated by the data correction module 512; the database comparison module 514 is used to compare the characteristic peak identified in the characteristic peak identification module 513 with the standard spectrum in the pre-established pollutant database, and match the most similar spectrum; the output module 515 is used to determine the type and concentration of pollutants according to the most similar spectrum matched in the database comparison module 514, and generate qualitative and quantitative analysis reports.

[0072] The positioning module 52 uses the application of the GPS positioning system. The introduction of the GPS positioning system enables the device to record the exact location of the pollution event. The practicality of this function can be verified through field testing. The accuracy and reliability of the GPS data are evaluated by regularly comparing it with the standard geographic information system (GIS) data.

[0073] The data processing system 5 also includes a communication unit 53, which is used to transmit the processed data to a remote monitoring center via a wireless network.

[0074] See also Figure 2 As shown, the water inlet end of the water pump 21 is connected to a water pump, and a water level detector 6 is fixed at the inlet of the water pump. The detector 6 can be used to record the depth of the water body at the polluted location, provide reference data for subsequent evaluation of the overall degree of water pollution, and facilitate the subsequent formulation of a treatment plan.

[0075] Furthermore, when calculating the pollutant concentration, the device is based on the theory of light absorption and scattering. According to the Beer-Lambert Law, the absorption of light through the medium can be expressed as: A = lg (1 / T) = Kbc

[0076] In the formula: A is absorbance, K is molar absorption coefficient, b is the thickness of the absorption layer, and c is the concentration of the absorbing substance. For a specific absorbing substance, the molar absorption coefficient K is basically unchanged at a specific wavelength, so the absorbance A is proportional to the concentration c of the absorbing substance. Therefore, the concentration of the pollutant can be directly calculated by measuring the absorbance.

[0077] The device determines the type of pollutant by converting the wavelength and absorbance of the light passing through the water waterfall into an electrical signal, and then uses the data correction module 512 to smooth and filter the raw data of the electrical signal and pre-process the noise to generate a signal curve; the signal curve passes through the characteristic peak recognition module 513 to identify the characteristic peak in the signal curve and the peak at a specific wavelength position; the identified characteristic peak is then input into the database comparison module 514 to compare with the standard spectrum in the pre-established pollutant database to match the most similar spectrum, thereby determining the type of pollutant based on the matching result.

[0078] Finally, qualitative and quantitative analysis reports are generated based on the test results of pollutant types and concentrations, and the pollution location of the water source is determined using the GPS positioning system.

[0079] Specifically, when the device is used to detect water source pollutants, the basic operating steps include:

[0080] Step 1: Check the sealing and electrical connection of each device and start the device;

[0081] Step 2: pre-treat the water sample, filter and degas the water at the position to be tested by using the pumping assembly 2, and then input it into the water waterfall maker 3, and use the water waterfall maker 3 to process the water to form a water waterfall outflow;

[0082] Step 3, spectrum measurement, using the ultraviolet visible light beam generation module 41 to emit an ultraviolet visible light beam of a specific wavelength to the surface of the water waterfall, and using the collection module 42 on the other side of the water waterfall to collect the wavelength of the ultraviolet visible light beam after passing through the water waterfall and the absorbance data of the ultraviolet visible light beam of the water waterfall; that is, using the light source 411 to illuminate the water waterfall, and then using the monochromator 412 arranged between the light source 411 and the water waterfall to separate the light emitted by the light source 411 into an ultraviolet visible light beam of a single wavelength, and then using the grating spectrometer 413 arranged between the monochromator 412 and the water waterfall to adjust the wavelength of the ultraviolet visible light beam to form an ultraviolet visible light beam of a specific wavelength to illuminate the water waterfall, and then using the photoelectric detector 421 to measure the wavelength and absorbance of the ultraviolet visible light beam passing through the water waterfall; and using the photoelectric converter 423 to convert the collected wavelength and absorbance into electrical signals and transmit them to the data processing system 5

[0083] Step 4, data processing, the original electrical signal formed by the wavelength and absorbance of the ultraviolet visible light beam collected by the acquisition module 42 is smoothed, noise filtered and trimmed to form a signal curve, and then the characteristic peak of the signal curve is found and compared with the standard spectrum in the pre-established pollutant database, and the most similar spectrum is matched to determine the type of pollutant. At the same time, the concentration of the pollutant is calculated using the absorbance value, and finally a qualitative and quantitative report of the pollutant is generated. The positioning module 52 is used to locate the location of the water source to be tested, and the positioning information is matched with the qualitative and quantitative report of the pollutant to achieve location tracing of the pollution source.

[0084] Preferably, the method for smoothing, noise filtering and shaping the original electrical signal in step 4 is as follows:

[0085] UV-Vis (Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy) is an ultraviolet-visible light absorption spectrum, which belongs to electronic spectrum. They are all produced by the transition of valence electrons. The composition, content and structure of the substance can be analyzed, measured and inferred by using the ultraviolet-visible spectrum and absorption degree produced by the absorption of ultraviolet and visible light by the molecules or ions of the substance. This device adopts the UV-Vis water quality monitoring system, so that the noise can be divided into low-frequency noise and high-frequency noise, and then smoothed by Savitzky-Golay (SG) (smoothing filter).

[0086] The accuracy of the SG filter is mainly affected by the window size and the number of smoothing operations. It can meet the needs of many different occasions, facilitate the removal of noise, and obtain the time series data after the noise is removed; the smoothed time series data can be used to explain some characteristics of the original sequence. And when the SG filter is processing data, the computer only needs to run a relatively small program, and the requirements for computer memory and data processing capabilities are relatively low. Therefore, this method is relatively simpler, faster, and more efficient. And compared with other similar averaging methods, this method can better retain the distribution characteristics such as relative maximum, minimum, and width.

[0087] The advantages of this device are:

[0088] 1. Non-contact measurement technology: Using the spectral sensor unit 4, through ultraviolet visible spectrum analysis, there is no need for direct contact with the water body, thus avoiding equipment contamination and damage and ensuring data accuracy;

[0089] 2. Real-time positioning and data transmission: The integrated GPS positioning unit and wireless communication unit can determine the location of the equipment in real time and quickly transmit the data to the remote monitoring center, improving the speed and efficiency of pollution response;

[0090] 3. Autonomous data processing capability: The device not only collects data, but also performs preliminary analysis on the data through the built-in data processing system 5, generating qualitative and quantitative reports of pollutants, making the monitoring results more direct and operationally instructive;

[0091] 4. The overall structure of the equipment is simple, easy to operate, and has little interference from the external environment, making it easy for the equipment to adapt to various harsh environments and ensure continuous operation.

[0092] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An in-situ non-contact water environment pollution rapid tracing device, characterized in that: include: The pre-processing unit (1) comprises a water pumping component (2) and a water waterfall maker (3), wherein the water pumping component (2) is used to transport water from a water source to be tested to the water waterfall maker (3), and the water waterfall maker (3) is used to form the water into a water waterfall; The spectral sensor unit (4) comprises an ultraviolet-visible light beam generating module (41) and a collecting module (42), wherein the ultraviolet-visible light beam generating module (41) and the collecting module (42) are arranged on two opposite sides of the water waterfall, the ultraviolet-visible light beam generating module (41) is used to form a single ultraviolet-visible light beam to illuminate the water waterfall, and the collecting module (42) is used to collect the wavelength and absorbance of the ultraviolet-visible light beam passing through the water waterfall; The data processing system (5) comprises an analysis and comparison unit (51) and a positioning module (52), wherein the analysis and comparison unit (51) is used to receive and process the data collected by the collection module (42), and compare the processed data with the standard spectrum to generate a qualitative and quantitative report of the pollutants; and the positioning module (52) is used to locate the location of the water source to be tested, and match the positioning information with the qualitative and quantitative report of the pollutants.

2. The in-situ non-contact water environment pollution rapid source tracing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ultraviolet-visible light beam generating module (41) comprises: A light source (411) is arranged on one side of the water waterfall and is used to illuminate the water waterfall; A monochromator (412), arranged between the light source (411) and the water waterfall, for separating the light emitted by the light source (411) into ultraviolet and visible light beams of a single wavelength; The grating spectrometer (413) is arranged between the monochromator (412) and the water waterfall and is used to adjust the wavelength of the ultraviolet visible light beam.

3. The in-situ non-contact water environment pollution rapid source tracing device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The collection module (42) is arranged on the other side of the water waterfall away from the light source (411), and comprises: A photoelectric detector (421) is arranged on a side of the water waterfall away from the light source (411) and is used to measure the wavelength and absorbance of the ultraviolet visible light beam passing through the water waterfall; The photoelectric converter (422) is used to convert the wavelength and absorbance of the collected ultraviolet and visible light beams into electrical signals and transmit them to the data processing system (5).

4. The in-situ non-contact water environment pollution rapid source tracing device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The analysis and comparison unit (51) comprises: A data receiving module (511), used for receiving the electrical signal generated by the photoelectric converter (422); A data correction module (512) is used to perform smoothing and noise filtering preprocessing on the original data of the electrical signal received by the data receiving module (511), and generate a signal curve; A characteristic peak identification module (513) is configured to identify a characteristic peak in the signal curve based on the signal curve generated by the data correction module (512); A database comparison module (514) compares the characteristic peak identified in the characteristic peak identification module (513) with a standard spectrum in a pre-established pollutant database to match the most similar spectrum; The output module (515) determines the type and concentration of pollutants based on the most similar spectrum matched in the database comparison module (514) and generates qualitative and quantitative analysis reports.

5. The in-situ non-contact water environment pollution rapid source tracing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pumping assembly (2) comprises: A water pump (21), whose water inlet end is used to be placed in the water body at the position to be tested, and whose water outlet end is connected to a water pipe; A filter (22) connected between the water pipe and the water waterfall maker (3), the filter (22) being used to remove solid impurities in the water body; An exhaust valve (23), arranged on the water pipe, is used to exhaust gas in the water body; A water flow control valve (24) is arranged on the water pipe and is used to control the water flow rate of the water pipe.

6. The in-situ non-contact water environment pollution rapid source tracing device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The water inlet end of the water pump (21) is connected to a water pumping pipe, and a water level detector (6) is fixed at the inlet of the water pumping pipe.

7. The in-situ non-contact water environment pollution rapid source tracing device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The filter (22) comprises: The box body (221) has a water inlet and a water outlet, wherein the water inlet is connected to the water pipe, and the water outlet is connected to the water waterfall maker (3); A filter basket (222) is arranged inside the box (221) and between the water inlet and the water outlet, wherein the opening of the filter basket (222) is opposite to the water inlet and is used to capture solid particles in the original water body; A pressure relief hole (223), arranged at the top of the box body (221), for releasing the pressure inside the box body (221); The retentate discharge port (224) is arranged at the lower end of the box (221) and is used to regularly clean the solid particles accumulated in the box (221).

8. The in-situ non-contact water environment pollution rapid source tracing device according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The water waterfall maker (3) comprises: A transparent shell (31) is arranged on one side of the filter (22), and the transparent shell (31) has a drainage hole; A fine spray head (33) is fixed on the top of the transparent shell (31), the fine spray head (33) is connected to the water outlet of the box (221) through a water pipe, and the fine spray head (33) is used to form a water curtain in the transparent shell (31); A regulating valve (34) is arranged at the connection end between the fine spray head (33) and the water pipe, and is used to control the thickness and shape of the water curtain.

9. A detection method for an in-situ non-contact water environment pollution rapid source tracing device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The water body at the position to be tested is filtered and degassed by using the pumping assembly (2) and then input into the water waterfall maker (3), and the water body is processed by the water waterfall maker (3) to form a water waterfall outflow; An ultraviolet-visible light beam generation module (41) is used to emit an ultraviolet-visible light beam of a specific wavelength to the surface of the water waterfall, and a collection module (42) is used on the other side of the water waterfall to collect data on the wavelength of the ultraviolet-visible light beam after passing through the water waterfall and the absorbance data of the ultraviolet-visible light beam by the water waterfall; The wavelength and absorbance data of the collected ultraviolet and visible light beams are analyzed and processed by an analysis and comparison unit (51), and the processed data are compared with a standard spectrum in a database to generate a qualitative and quantitative report of the pollutants. The location of the water source to be tested is located by a positioning module (52), and the positioning information is matched with the qualitative and quantitative report of the pollutants.

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