Construction cost and carbon emission day-by-day simulation method and device based on multiple agents and storage medium

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-agent-based construction cost and carbon emission day-by-day simulation method and device and a storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: determining the basic structures of all kinds of agents, and carrying out the modeling of all kinds of agents, the intelligent agents comprise a worker intelligent agent, a manager intelligent agent, a weather intelligent agent, a building material intelligent agent and a construction equipment intelligent agent, and the basic structure of the intelligent agents comprises a static parameter library, a dynamic variable library and an interaction rule library; and executing a simulation process based on the various established intelligent agents, and obtaining the carbon emission in the simulation process. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of improving the accuracy of carbon emission measurement and calculation and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of computer simulation, and in particular to a method, device and storage medium for simulating construction costs and carbon emissions on a daily basis based on multiple intelligent agents. Background Art

[0002] Since the industrial age, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has increased dramatically, resulting in rising temperatures, ocean acidification and other global environmental problems. The carbon emissions generated by the construction industry account for 31% of the world's total carbon emissions, and will continue to grow as global construction activities continue. On the other hand, construction costs are a target that needs to be focused on during construction management. How to accurately quantify construction costs and carbon emissions and propose reasonable optimization measures requires sufficient attention.

[0003] In the existing technology, the measurement of carbon emissions is usually based on the materials and construction period in the construction plan. This method ignores the mutual influence of various aspects and is not accurate. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method, device and storage medium for daily simulation of construction costs and carbon emissions based on multi-agents.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] A multi-agent-based method for simulating construction costs and carbon emissions on a daily basis, including:

[0007] Determine the basic structure of various intelligent agents and model various intelligent agents, wherein the types of intelligent agents include worker agents, manager agents, weather agents, building material agents and construction equipment agents, and the basic structure of the intelligent agents includes a static parameter library, a dynamic variable library and an interaction rule library;

[0008] Based on the established various intelligent agents, the simulation process is executed and the carbon emissions during the simulation process are obtained.

[0009] Workers of each type of work are set as independent agents. The responsibility of the worker agent is to carry out construction activities under the management of the manager agent. The activities are accompanied by the operation of the construction equipment agent and the consumption of the building material agent. The static parameters of the worker agent include the worker's work efficiency in normal state, work efficiency in idle state, work efficiency in overtime state, overtime hours and hourly wages, etc. The dynamic variables of the worker agent include skill level, daily working hours and idle hours. The interaction rule base includes state transition triggering rules, worker skill level improvement rules and worker agent operation equipment agent rules.

[0010] The worker agent states include four stages: rest, normal work, slack and overtime. When the worker agent is in the rest state, no construction activities are carried out; when the specified working time is reached, the worker agent enters the normal working state; if the overtime instruction of the manager agent is received, the worker agent enters the overtime state; the worker agent consumes construction materials and equipment in the normal working state or overtime state, and enters the slack state at regular intervals; when the worker agent enters the slack state, the construction efficiency decreases; when the manager agent conducts on-site inspection, the worker agent immediately ends the slack behavior; after the construction activities are completed, the worker agent returns to the rest state;

[0011] The manager agent is responsible for regularly inspecting and supervising the worker agents to carry out construction activities, organizing the worker agents to participate in skills training, conducting construction quality inspections to determine whether rework is required for unqualified construction quality, and evaluating the construction progress to determine whether overtime is required. The manager agent only sets static parameters, including the frequency of on-site inspections during normal work, the frequency of on-site inspections under overtime conditions, and the frequency of organizing workers to participate in training; the interactive rule base includes on-site inspection trigger rules, training organization trigger rules, overtime organization trigger rules, and actual completion progress calculation rules;

[0012] The management agent states include three stages: rest, normal work and overtime. When the manager agent is in the rest state, no activities are carried out; when the specified working time is reached, the manager agent determines whether the current construction progress is behind schedule, and if so, issues an overtime instruction to the worker agent; when in the normal working and overtime states, the manager agent conducts on-site inspections according to the set frequency; the manager agent organizes skill training activities to improve the workers' skill level and construction efficiency; when the established off-get off work time is reached, the manager agent updates the current construction progress according to the progress calculation rules and returns to the rest state.

[0013] During the simulation process, the weather agent combines daily meteorological data to generate a weather impact coefficient of weather conditions on the work efficiency of the worker agent. The specific calculation rules are as follows: when the maximum temperature exceeds 32°C, the worker's work efficiency decreases by 1.3% for every 1°C increase in temperature; when the wind force level is greater than level 4, outdoor high-altitude lifting, welding and other construction activities are prohibited, and the worker's work efficiency drops to 0; when it rains or snows, outdoor lifting, installation and other construction activities are prohibited, and the worker's work efficiency drops to 0.

[0014] After the simulation is completed every day, the building material intelligent agent receives the construction progress information sent by the manager intelligent agent and calculates the material consumption according to the construction progress status.

[0015] The construction equipment intelligent body states include three stages: closed, running and standby. When the worker intelligent body is in a resting state, the construction equipment intelligent body is in a closed state; when the worker intelligent body starts to work, the construction equipment intelligent body enters a running state; when the worker intelligent body is in an idle state, the construction equipment intelligent body enters a standby state; when the worker intelligent body finishes a day's work, the construction equipment intelligent body returns to a closed state; after the simulation ends every day, the construction progress information sent by the manager intelligent body is received, and the equipment consumption is calculated based on the construction progress status.

[0016] The various intelligent agents established are used to perform simulations and obtain carbon emissions during the simulations, including:

[0017] Step S1: Based on the duration of the worker agent in different working states on the day of simulation and the work efficiency in this state, combined with the impact of weather conditions on the worker's work efficiency, the average construction efficiency of the project on that day is calculated comprehensively:

[0018]

[0019] T t =T work，t +T idle，t +T ot，t

[0020] Where: P t is the average construction efficiency of workers on day t, W t is the weather influence coefficient of the tth day, T work，t , T idle，t , T ot，t are the cumulative time that the worker agent is in normal, idle, and overtime states on day t, respectively; P work , P idle , P ot are the working efficiency of the worker agent in normal working, slack and overtime state, T t is the total working hours on day t;

[0021] Step S2: Calculate the quality pass rate of the completed project:

[0022] Q i，t =R sr，i Q sr，i，t +R im，i Q im，i，t +R jr，i Q jr，i，t

[0023] Where: Q i，t is the average construction quality qualification rate of type i on day t, R sr，i , R im，i , Rjr，i are the proportions of workers with senior, intermediate and primary skill levels in job type i, respectively, Q sr，i，t , Q im，i，t , Q jr，i，t are the construction quality pass rates of workers with senior, intermediate and junior skill levels in job type i on day t, respectively;

[0024] Step S3: Calculate the actual daily progress based on the daily construction efficiency, quality pass rate and working hours:

[0025] AP t =P t ·T t Q i，t

[0026] Among them: AP t is the actual completion progress on day t;

[0027] Step S4: Calculate material consumption:

[0028] ACM i，t =P t ·T t PCM i，t

[0029] Among them: ACM i，t is the actual consumption of material i on day t, PCM i，t is the planned consumption of material i on day t;

[0030] Step S5: Calculate the equipment's shift consumption:

[0031]

[0032]

[0033] Among them: ACE standby,i，t is the number of shifts consumed by equipment i in standby mode on day t, PCE i，t is the planned consumption of equipment i on day t, ACE run，i，t is the unit-shift consumption of equipment i in operation on day t;

[0034] Step S6: Calculate the daily construction cost:

[0035] TC t =TCM t +TCE t +TCL t +TC ind，t

[0036] Among them: TC tis the construction cost on day t, TCM t is the total material cost on day t, TCE t is the total equipment cost on day t, TCL t is the total labor cost on day t, TC ind，t is the indirect cost on day t;

[0037] Step S7: Calculate daily construction carbon emissions:

[0038] TE t =TEM t +TEE t

[0039] Among them: TE t is the construction carbon emission on the tth day, TEM t is the total carbon emissions generated by the material on day t, TEE t is the total carbon emissions generated by the equipment on day t;

[0040] Step S8: Determine whether the construction process is completed. If yes, end the simulation and output the carbon emission time series. Otherwise, return to step S1.

[0041] The total material cost on day t is:

[0042] TCM t =∑ i CM i，t

[0043] CM i，t =ACM i，t UP m，i

[0044] Among them: CM i，t is the cost of material i on day t, UP m，i is the unit price of material i;

[0045] The total equipment cost on day t is:

[0046] TCE t =∑ i CE i，t

[0047] CE i，t =PCE i，t UP e，i

[0048] Among them: CE i，t is the cost of equipment i on day t, UP e，i is the unit price of equipment i;

[0049] The total labor cost on day t is:

[0050] TCL t =∑ i CL i，t

[0051] CL i，t =NUM i，t ·[HW i ·(T work，t +T idle，t )+HW ot，i ·T ot，t ]

[0052] Among them: CL i，t is the salary of job type i paid on day t, NUM i，t is the number of workers of type i employed on day t, HW i is the normal hourly wage for job type i; HW ot，i is the overtime hourly wage for job type i;

[0053] The indirect cost on day t is:

[0054] TC ind，t =OC t +SF t +TAX t

[0055] OC t =(CL t +CM t )·r oc

[0056] SF t =(CL t +CM t +CE t +OC t +PF t )·r sf

[0057] PF t =(CL t +CM t )·r pf

[0058] TAX t =(CL t +CM t +CE t +OC t +PF t +SF t )·r tax

[0059] SF t =(CLt +CM t +CE t +OC t +PF t )·r sf

[0060] Among them: OC t is the management fee on day t, r oc is the management fee rate, PF t is the profit on day t, r pf is the profit margin, SF t is the fee for day t, r sf is the rate of the fee, TAX t is the tax on day t, r tax The rate of tax.

[0061] The total carbon emissions generated by the materials on the tth day is

[0062] TEM t =∑ i CEM i，t

[0063] CEM i，t =ACM i，t ·EF m，i

[0064] Of which: CEM i，t is the carbon emission generated by material i on day t, EF m，i is the carbon emission factor of material i;

[0065] The total carbon emissions generated by the equipment on day t is:

[0066] TEE t =∑ i CEE i，t

[0067] CEE i，t =ACE run，i，t ·EF e，i AE m，i +ACE standby，i，t ·EF e，i AE m，i α i

[0068] Of which: CEE i，t is the carbon emissions generated by equipment i on day t, EF e，i is the carbon emission factor of energy source i, AE m，i is the energy consumed by equipment i in each shift, α i is the standby energy coefficient of equipment i.

[0069] A multi-agent-based construction cost and carbon emission daily simulation device comprises a memory, a processor, and a program stored in the memory, wherein the processor implements the above method when executing the program.

[0070] A storage medium stores a program, which implements the above method when executed.

[0071] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: it can realize simulation analysis of the construction process, and simulate and evaluate the construction cost and carbon emission level with days as the time unit. The invention can also support the attribute value selection and interaction rule adjustment of the intelligent body, quantify the cost reduction and carbon reduction benefits after adopting various optimization measures, and improve the accuracy of carbon emission measurement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0072] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the technical route of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 2 It is the state transition diagram of different intelligent agents;

[0074] Figure 3 Logic diagram for calculating construction costs and carbon emissions. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0075] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. This embodiment is implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and provides a detailed implementation method and specific operation process, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0076] A multi-agent-based method for simulating construction costs and carbon emissions day by day, such as Figure 1 As shown, including:

[0077] Determine the basic structure of various intelligent agents and model them. The types of intelligent agents include worker agents, manager agents, weather agents, building material agents, and construction equipment agents. The basic structure of intelligent agents includes a static parameter library, a dynamic variable library, and an interaction rule library.

[0078] Construction is the process of workers following the manager's arrangement in a specific time and space, using building materials and construction equipment to carry out activities (such as earthwork, steel bar engineering, concrete engineering, etc.), turning design drawings into physical buildings. The development of construction activities will be affected by the local climate. The present invention determines five types of intelligent agents: worker intelligent agent, manager intelligent agent, weather intelligent agent, building material intelligent agent, and construction equipment intelligent agent. The basic structure of each type of intelligent agent includes a static parameter library, a dynamic variable library, and an interactive rule library. The static parameter library stores inherent attributes that do not change with the specific construction process, such as workers' hourly wages, material carbon emission factors, material unit prices, and energy consumption of each equipment shift; the dynamic variable library stores attributes that will change during the construction process, such as workers' skill levels, average daily temperature, etc.; the interactive rule library stores the triggering conditions of each intelligent agent's state transition and various events, and the triggering conditions and corresponding actions for the interaction between intelligent agents.

[0079] The state transition process of various intelligent agents. The transition process of worker intelligent agents includes: rest-normal work-slack-normal work-rest; rest-overtime-slack-overtime-rest; the transition process of manager intelligent agents includes: rest-normal work-rest; rest-overtime-rest; the transition process of equipment intelligent agents is: shut down-run-standby-run-shut down.

[0080] Worker agent: Each type of worker is set as an independent agent. The worker agent is responsible for carrying out construction activities under the management of the manager agent. The activities are accompanied by the operation of the equipment agent and the consumption of the building material agent. The static parameters of the worker agent include the worker's work efficiency in normal state, work efficiency in idle state, work efficiency in overtime state, overtime hours, hourly wages, etc.; dynamic variables include skill level, daily working hours, idle hours, etc.; the interactive rule base includes state transition triggering rules, worker skill level improvement rules, worker agent operation equipment agent rules, etc.

[0081] Manager Agent: The manager agent's responsibilities are to regularly inspect and supervise the worker agents in carrying out construction activities, organize the worker agents to participate in skills training, conduct construction quality inspections to determine whether rework is required for unqualified construction quality, and evaluate the construction progress to determine whether overtime is required. The manager agent only sets static parameters, including the frequency of on-site inspections during normal work, the frequency of on-site inspections under overtime conditions, and the frequency of organizing workers to participate in training; the interactive rule base includes on-site inspection trigger rules, training organization trigger rules, overtime organization trigger rules, and actual completion progress calculation rules.

[0082] Weather Agent: The responsibility of the weather agent is to store daily meteorological data during the construction process and calculate the impact of weather on the work efficiency of the worker agent. The weather agent only sets dynamic variables including daily average temperature, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, wind force level, rainfall level and snowfall level; the interactive rule base includes calculation rules for the impact of bad weather on work efficiency.

[0083] Building material agent: Each type of building material is set as an independent agent. The static parameters of the building material agent mainly include the carbon emission factor and the unit price of the material; the dynamic variables include the daily planned consumption of building materials determined based on the construction plan; the interactive rule base includes the material consumption calculation and the consumption material judgment rules, which are mainly based on the percentage of the construction process progress. The consumption material judgment rules judge the construction process based on the current completed construction progress, and determine the types and quantities of materials planned to be consumed by the relevant process.

[0084] Construction equipment agent: Each type of construction equipment is set as an independent agent. The static parameters of the construction equipment agent include the energy consumption intensity of the equipment, the carbon emission factor of the energy, the energy consumption coefficient of the equipment in standby state, the unit price of the equipment, etc.; the dynamic variables include the daily planned consumption of construction equipment determined based on the construction plan; the interactive rule base includes the equipment state transition trigger rules, and the equipment usage calculation and judgment rules. The equipment usage calculation rule is based on the percentage of the construction process progress. The equipment judgment rule is based on the currently completed construction progress, judges the construction process, and determines the type of equipment and the number of shifts consumed by the relevant process plan.

[0085] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the worker agent states include four stages: rest, normal work, slackness, and overtime. When the worker agent is in the rest state, no construction activities are carried out; when the specified working time is reached, the worker agent enters the normal working state; if the worker agent receives the "overtime" instruction from the manager agent, the worker agent enters the overtime state; when the worker agent is in the normal working state or overtime state, it will consume construction materials and equipment, and will enter the slack state at regular intervals; when the worker agent enters the slack state, it will carry out activities unrelated to construction, and the construction efficiency will decrease; when the manager agent conducts on-site inspections, the worker agent will immediately end the slack behavior; after the construction activities are completed, the worker agent returns to the rest state.

[0086] The management agent status includes three stages: rest, normal work and overtime. When the manager agent is in the rest state, no activities are carried out; when the specified working time is reached, the manager agent will organize the worker agent to work overtime according to whether the current construction progress is behind schedule. If overtime is required, it will enter the overtime state, otherwise it will enter the normal working state; in the normal working and overtime states, the manager agent will conduct on-site inspections according to the set frequency. If it is found that the workers are in a slack working state, it will correct them in time to let the worker agent return to the normal working state; the manager agent also organizes skill training activities to improve the workers' skill level and construction efficiency; when the established off-get off work time is reached, the manager agent updates the current construction progress according to the progress calculation rules and returns to the rest state.

[0087] During the simulation process, the weather agent combines daily meteorological data to calculate the impact of weather conditions on the work efficiency of the worker agent. The specific calculation rules are as follows: when the maximum temperature exceeds 32°C, the worker's work efficiency decreases by 1.3% for every 1°C increase in temperature; when the wind force level is greater than level 4, outdoor high-altitude lifting, welding and other construction activities are prohibited, and the workers' work efficiency drops to 0; when it rains or snows, outdoor lifting, installation and other construction activities are prohibited, and the workers' work efficiency drops to 0.

[0088] After each day's simulation, the material agent receives the construction progress information from the manager agent and calculates the material consumption based on the construction progress.

[0089] The equipment agent states include three stages: off, running, and standby. When the worker agent is in a resting state, the equipment agent is in a closed state; when the worker agent starts working, the equipment agent enters a running state; when the worker agent is in an idle state, the equipment agent enters a standby state; when the worker agent finishes a day's work, the equipment agent returns to the off state; after the simulation ends every day, the construction progress information sent by the manager agent is received, and the equipment consumption is calculated based on the construction progress.

[0090] Based on the established intelligent agents, the simulation process is executed and the carbon emissions during the simulation process are obtained, such as Figure 3 As shown, including:

[0091] Step S1: Based on the duration of the worker agent in different working states on the day of simulation and the work efficiency in this state, combined with the impact of weather conditions on the worker's work efficiency, the average construction efficiency of the project on that day is calculated comprehensively:

[0092]

[0093] T t =T work,t +Tidle,t +T ot,t

[0094] Where: P t is the average construction efficiency of workers on day t, W t is the weather influence coefficient of the tth day, T work，t , T idle，t , T ot，t are the cumulative time that the worker agent is in normal, idle, and overtime states on day t, respectively; P work , P idle , P ot are the working efficiency of the worker agent in normal working, slack and overtime state, T t is the total working hours on day t;

[0095] Step S2: Calculate the quality pass rate of the completed project. The quality of construction products produced by workers with different skill levels is different. Only projects with construction quality that meets the requirements can be accepted and included in the completed progress. The construction quality pass rate is determined by the production performance of all workers involved in the construction activities. Therefore, the quality pass rate is:

[0096] Q i，t =R sr,i Q sr,i，t +R im,i Q im,i,t +R jr，i Q jr，i，t

[0097] Where: Q i，t is the average construction quality qualification rate of type i on day t, R sr,i , R im,i , R jr，i are the proportions of workers with senior, intermediate and primary skill levels in job type i, respectively, Q sp,i,t , Q im,i,t , Q jr，i，t are the construction quality pass rates of workers with senior, intermediate and junior skill levels in job type i on day t, respectively;

[0098] Step S3: Calculate the actual daily progress based on the daily construction efficiency, quality pass rate and working hours:

[0099] AP t =P t ·T t Q i，t

[0100] Among them: AP t is the actual completion progress on day t;

[0101] Step S4: Calculate the material consumption. The type and quantity of materials consumed daily are calculated based on the actual construction workload of the day, which is determined by the construction efficiency and working hours of the day. Therefore, the material consumption is:

[0102] ACM i，t =P t ·T t PCM i，t

[0103] Among them: ACM i，t is the actual consumption of material i on day t, PCM i，t is the planned consumption of material i on day t;

[0104] Step S5: Calculate the equipment's shift consumption. The equipment type and number of shifts consumed daily are calculated based on the actual construction workload of the day, which is determined by the construction efficiency and working hours of the day. The equipment's shift consumption in operation and standby states is calculated separately, so the equipment's shift consumption is:

[0105]

[0106]

[0107] Among them: ACE standby,i，t is the number of shifts consumed by equipment i in standby mode on day t, PCE i，t is the planned consumption of equipment i on day t, ACE run，i，t is the unit-shift consumption of equipment i in operation on day t;

[0108] Step S6: Calculate the daily construction cost, which includes direct cost and indirect cost. Direct cost includes material, equipment and labor cost, and indirect cost includes management fee, fees and taxes, which are linearly related to direct cost. Therefore, the construction cost is:

[0109] TC t =TCM t +TCE t +TCL t +TC ind，t

[0110] Among them: TC t is the construction cost on day t, TCM t is the total material cost on day t, TCE t is the total equipment cost on day t, TCL t is the total labor cost on day t, TC ind，t is the indirect cost on day t;

[0111] The total material cost on day t is:

[0112] TCMt=∑ i CM i，t

[0113] CM i，t =ACM i，t UP m，i

[0114] Among them: CM i，t is the cost of material i on day t, UP m，i is the unit price of material i;

[0115] The total equipment cost on day t is:

[0116] TCE t =∑ i CE i，t

[0117] CE i，t =PCE i，t UP e，i

[0118] Among them: CE i，t is the cost of equipment i on day t, UP e，i is the unit price of equipment i;

[0119] The total labor cost on day t is:

[0120] TCL t =∑ i CL i,t

[0121] CL i，t =NUM i，t ·[HW i ·(T work，t +T idle，t )+HW ot,i ·T ot，t ]

[0122] Among them: CL i，t is the salary of job type i paid on day t, NUM i，t is the number of workers of type i employed on day t, HW i is the normal hourly wage for job type i; HW ot，i is the overtime hourly wage for job type i;

[0123] The indirect cost on day t is:

[0124] TC ind，t =OC t +SF t +TAX t

[0125] OC t =(CL t +CM t )·r oc

[0126] SF t =(CL t +CM t +CE t +OC t +PF t )·r sf

[0127] PF t =(CL t +CM t )·r pf

[0128] TAX t =(CL t +CM t +CE t +OC t +PF t +SF t )·r tax

[0129] SF t =(CL t +CM t +CE t +OC t +PF t )·r sf

[0130] Among them: OC t is the management fee on day t, r oc is the management fee rate, PF t is the profit on day t, r pf is the profit margin, SF t is the fee for day t, r sf is the rate of the fee, TAX t is the tax on day t, r tax The rate of tax.

[0131] Step S7: Calculate the daily construction carbon emissions. Construction carbon emissions include carbon emissions generated by building material consumption and carbon emissions generated by energy consumption of construction equipment. Both are calculated using the carbon emission factor method. Therefore, the construction carbon emissions are:

[0132] TE t =TEM t +TEE t

[0133] Among them: TE t is the construction carbon emission on the tth day, TEM t is the total carbon emissions generated by the material on day t, TEE t is the total carbon emissions generated by the equipment on day t;

[0134] The total carbon emissions generated by materials on day t is

[0135] TEM t =∑ i CEM i，t

[0136] CEM i，t =ACM i，t ·EF m，i

[0137] Of which: CEM i，t is the carbon emission generated by material i on day t, EF m，i is the carbon emission factor of material i;

[0138] The total carbon emissions generated by the equipment on day t is:

[0139] TEE t =∑ i CEE i，t

[0140] CEE i，t =ACE run，i，t ·EF e，i AE m，i +ACE standby,i，t ·EF e，i AE m，i α i

[0141] Of which: CEE i，t is the carbon emissions generated by equipment i on day t, EF e，i is the carbon emission factor of energy source i, AE m,i is the energy consumed by equipment i in each shift, α i is the standby energy coefficient of equipment i.

[0142] Step S8: Determine whether the construction process is completed. If yes, end the simulation and output the carbon emission time series. Otherwise, return to step S1.

[0143] The following multi-agent simulation model is created based on the main construction process of a steel structure factory building. The simulation is implemented based on Java language and AnyLogic platform. The intelligent agents of workers such as senior installers, junior installers, senior painters, and junior painters, the intelligent agent of managers, the intelligent agent of weather, the intelligent agent of materials such as steel columns, steel beams, welding rods, color steel floor slabs, wall frames, and fire retardant coatings, and the intelligent agent of equipment such as truck cranes, AC arc welding machines, grinding wheel cutting machines, electric hammers, and electric air compressors are established. Relevant data is obtained through on-site investigations, literature research, etc., the initialization assignment of the intelligent agent is completed, simulation is carried out, and optimization measures are proposed based on the results.

[0144] There are three steps:

[0145] 1. Agent interaction and dynamic variable update

[0146] Based on the multi-agent simulation model, the main construction process of the factory building is simulated with a time step of days. In each time step, each agent interacts according to the set interaction rules and calls static parameters according to the calculation rules to complete the dynamic variable value update.

[0147] 2. Calculate the cost and construction carbon emissions and output the results to Excel

[0148] Based on static parameters and updated dynamic variables, the calculation formulas for construction efficiency, construction quality qualification rate, completed progress, actual material consumption, actual equipment consumption, direct cost, indirect cost, material carbon emissions, and equipment carbon emissions are called in turn, and the daily simulation results are output to an Excel spreadsheet.

[0149] 3. Simulation result evaluation and optimization adjustment

[0150] After obtaining the simulation results, the construction unit, construction unit, etc. can propose optimization measures based on the simulation results, and re-run the simulation model by changing parameter values, interaction rules, etc., to simulate the construction situation after the optimization measures are taken and calculate the cost and carbon emission results.

[0151] If the above functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk, etc., which can store program code.

Claims

1. A multi-agent-based construction cost and carbon emission daily simulation method, characterized in that: include: Determine the basic structure of various intelligent agents and model various intelligent agents, wherein the types of intelligent agents include worker agents, manager agents, weather agents, building material agents and construction equipment agents, and the basic structure of the intelligent agents includes a static parameter library, a dynamic variable library and an interaction rule library; Based on the various intelligent agents established, the simulation process is executed and the carbon emissions during the simulation process are obtained.

2. According to the multi-agent-based construction cost and carbon emission daily simulation method of claim 1, it is characterized in that: Workers of each type of work are set as independent agents. The responsibility of the worker agent is to carry out construction activities under the management of the manager agent. The activities are accompanied by the operation of the construction equipment agent and the consumption of the building material agent. The static parameters of the worker agent include the worker's work efficiency in normal state, work efficiency in idle state, work efficiency in overtime state, overtime hours and hourly wages, etc. The dynamic variables of the worker agent include skill level, daily working hours and idle hours. The interaction rule base includes state transition triggering rules, worker skill level improvement rules and worker agent operation equipment agent rules. The worker agent states include four stages: rest, normal work, slackness and overtime. When the worker agent is in the rest state, no construction activities are carried out; when the specified working time is reached, the worker agent enters the normal working state; if the overtime instruction is received from the manager agent, the worker agent enters the overtime state; the worker agent consumes construction materials and equipment in the normal working state or overtime state, and enters the slack state at regular intervals; when the worker agent enters the slack state, the construction efficiency decreases; when the manager agent conducts on-site inspection, the worker agent immediately ends the slack behavior; after the construction activity is completed, the worker agent returns to the rest state. The manager agent is responsible for regularly inspecting and supervising the worker agents to carry out construction activities, organizing the worker agents to participate in skills training, conducting construction quality inspections to determine whether rework is required for unqualified construction quality, and evaluating the construction progress to determine whether overtime is required. The manager agent only sets static parameters, including the frequency of on-site inspections during normal work, the frequency of on-site inspections under overtime conditions, and the frequency of organizing workers to participate in training; the interactive rule base includes on-site inspection trigger rules, training organization trigger rules, overtime organization trigger rules, and actual completion progress calculation rules; The management agent states include three stages: rest, normal work and overtime. When the manager agent is in the rest state, no activities are carried out; when the specified working time is reached, the manager agent determines whether the current construction progress is behind schedule, and if so, issues an overtime instruction to the worker agent; when in the normal working and overtime states, the manager agent conducts on-site inspections according to the set frequency; the manager agent organizes skill training activities to improve the workers' skill level and construction efficiency; when the established off-get off work time is reached, the manager agent updates the current construction progress according to the progress calculation rules and returns to the rest state.

3. The method for simulating construction costs and carbon emissions on a daily basis based on multi-agents according to claim 2 is characterized in that: During the simulation process, the weather agent combines daily meteorological data to generate a weather impact coefficient of weather conditions on the work efficiency of the worker agent. The specific calculation rules are as follows: when the maximum temperature exceeds 32°C, the worker's work efficiency decreases by 1.3% for every 1°C increase in temperature; when the wind force level is greater than level 4, outdoor high-altitude lifting, welding and other construction activities are prohibited, and the worker's work efficiency drops to 0; when it rains or snows, outdoor lifting, installation and other construction activities are prohibited, and the worker's work efficiency drops to 0.

4. The method for simulating construction costs and carbon emissions on a daily basis based on multi-agents according to claim 3 is characterized in that: After the simulation is completed every day, the material agent receives the construction progress information sent by the manager agent and calculates the material consumption according to the construction progress status.

5. The method for simulating construction costs and carbon emissions on a daily basis based on multi-agents according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The construction equipment intelligent body states include three stages: closed, running and standby. When the worker intelligent body is in a resting state, the construction equipment intelligent body is in a closed state; when the worker intelligent body starts to work, the construction equipment intelligent body enters a running state; when the worker intelligent body is in an idle state, the construction equipment intelligent body enters a standby state; when the worker intelligent body finishes a day's work, the construction equipment intelligent body returns to a closed state; after the simulation ends every day, the construction progress information sent by the manager intelligent body is received, and the equipment consumption is calculated based on the construction progress status.

6. The method for simulating construction costs and carbon emissions on a daily basis based on multi-agents according to claim 5, characterized in that: The various intelligent agents established are used to perform simulations and obtain carbon emissions during the simulations, including: Step S1: Based on the duration of the worker agent in different working states on the day of simulation and the work efficiency in this state, combined with the impact of weather conditions on the worker's work efficiency, the average construction efficiency of the project on that day is calculated comprehensively: T t =T work,t +T idle,t +T ot,t Where: P t is the average construction efficiency of workers on day t, W t is the weather influence coefficient of the tth day, T work,t , T idle,t , T ot,t are the cumulative time that the worker agent is in normal, idle, and overtime states on day t, respectively; P work , P idle , P ot are the working efficiency of the worker agent in normal working, slack and overtime state, T t is the total working hours on day t; Step S2: Calculate the quality pass rate of the completed project: Q i,t =R sr,i ·Q sr,i,t +R im,i ·Q im,i,t +R jr,i ·Q jr,i,t Where: Q i,t is the average construction quality qualification rate of type i on day t, R sr,i , R im,i , R jr,i are the proportions of workers with senior, intermediate and primary skill levels in job type i, respectively, Q sr,i,t , Q im,i,t , Q jr,i,t are the construction quality pass rates of workers with senior, intermediate and junior skill levels in job type i on day t, respectively; Step S3: Calculate the actual daily progress based on the daily construction efficiency, quality pass rate and working hours: AP t =P t ·T t ·Q i,t Among them: AP t is the actual completion progress on day t; Step S4: Calculate material consumption: ACM i,t =P t ·T t ·PCM i,t Among them: ACM i,t is the actual consumption of material i on day t, PCM i,t is the planned consumption of material i on day t; Step S5: Calculate the equipment's shift consumption: Among them: ACE standby,i,t is the number of shifts consumed by equipment i in standby mode on day t, PCE i,t is the planned consumption of equipment i on day t, ACE run,i,t is the unit-shift consumption of equipment i in operation on day t; Step S6: Calculate the daily construction cost: TC t =TCM t +TCE t +TCL t +TC ind,t Among them: TC t is the construction cost on day t, TCM t is the total material cost on day t, TCE t is the total equipment cost on day t, TCL t is the total labor cost on day t, TC ind,t is the indirect cost on day t; Step S7: Calculate daily construction carbon emissions: THE t =TEM t +TEE t Among them: TE t is the construction carbon emission on the tth day, TEM t is the total carbon emissions generated by the material on day t, TEE t is the total carbon emissions generated by the equipment on day t; Step S8: Determine whether the construction process is completed. If yes, end the simulation and output the carbon emission time series. Otherwise, return to step S1.

7. The method for simulating construction costs and carbon emissions on a daily basis based on multi-agents according to claim 6, characterized in that: The total material cost on day t is: TCM t =∑ i CM i,t CM i,t =ACM i,t ·UP m,i Among them: CM i,t is the cost of material i on day t, UP m,i is the unit price of material i; The total equipment cost on day t is: TEC t =∑ i WHAT i,t CE i,t =PCE i,t ·UP e,i Among them: CE i,t is the cost of equipment i on day t, UP e,i is the unit price of equipment i; The total labor cost on day t is: TCL t =∑ i CL i,t CL i,t =NUM i,t ·[HWi i ·(T work,t +T idle,t )+HW ot,i ·T ot,t ] Among them: CL i,t is the salary of job type i paid on day t, NUM i,t is the number of workers of type i employed on day t, HW i is the normal hourly wage for job type i; HW ot,i is the overtime hourly wage for job type i; The indirect cost on day t is: TC ind,t =OC t +SF t +TAX t OC t =(CL t +CM t )·r oc SF t =(CL t +CM t +CE t +OC t +PF t )·r sf PF t =(CL t +CM t )·r pf TAX t =(CL t +CM t +CE t +OC t +PF t +SF t )·r tax SF t =(CL t +CM t +CE t +OC t +PF t )·r sf Among them: OC t is the management fee on day t, r oc is the management fee rate, PF t is the profit on day t, r pf is the profit margin, SF t is the fee for day t, r sf is the rate of the fee, TAX t is the tax on day t, r tax The rate of tax.

8. The method for simulating construction costs and carbon emissions on a daily basis based on multi-agents according to claim 6, characterized in that: The total carbon emissions generated by the materials on the tth day is HE HAS t =∑ i HUNDRED i,t CEM i,t =ACM i,t ·EF m,i Of which: CEM i,t is the carbon emission generated by material i on day t, EF m,i is the carbon emission factor of material i; The total carbon emissions generated by the equipment on day t is: TEE t =∑ i CEE i,t CEE i,t =ACE run,i,t ·EF e,i ·AE m,i +ACE standby,i,t ·EF e,i ·AE m,i ·α i Of which: CEE i,t is the carbon emissions generated by equipment i on day t, EF e,i is the carbon emission factor of energy source i, AE m,i is the energy consumed by equipment i in each shift, α i is the standby energy coefficient of equipment i.

9. A multi-agent-based construction cost and carbon emission daily simulation device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a program stored in the memory, characterized in that: When the processor executes the program, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is implemented.

10. A storage medium having a program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the program is executed, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is implemented.

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