Safety protection structure and battery

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a safety protection structure and a battery. The safety protection structure includes a shell, a cover plate, a side plate and a high temperature resistant support pad. The shell is surrounded by a storage space for accommodating a battery pole group. The cover plate is arranged at both ends of the shell in the first direction to seal the storage space. The shell is provided with an explosion-proof hole for accommodating an explosion-proof valve. The side plate is parallel to the wall surface of the shell where the explosion-proof hole is located, and is arranged between the pole group and the shell. The side plate is embedded with a plurality of high temperature resistant support pads. The plurality of high temperature support pads are sequentially projected onto the wall surface along the second direction, and the projections of at least two of the plurality of high temperature resistant support pads are respectively arranged on the opposite sides of the explosion-proof hole. According to the safety protection structure and battery provided by the present application, when the temperature of the battery rises in an out-of-control state, causing the side plate to melt, the high temperature resistant support pad can still support the pole group from both sides of the explosion-proof hole, reducing the phenomenon that the explosion-proof valve cannot exhaust and accelerates the battery out of control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a safety protection structure and a battery. Background Art

[0002] With the development of battery technology, battery charging and discharging efficiency has become an important indicator for determining battery market share. Nowadays, the overload capacity of battery poles is usually increased by increasing the size of battery poles. Nowadays, explosion-proof valves are arranged on the side wall of the battery shell to ensure that the battery end cover has enough space to arrange large-sized poles.

[0003] When a lithium battery experiences thermal runaway, the temperature inside the battery is too high, and the gas produced inside the battery is too high to reach the triggering condition, the explosion-proof valve opens, and the gas produced inside the battery is discharged quickly. However, in the battery structure where the explosion-proof valve is on the side wall of the shell, the pole group will move toward the explosion-proof valve under the action of the airflow. At this time, due to the high temperature of the battery runaway, the side plate structure (usually made of PP material, with a melting temperature of about 160°C) that limits the pole group will completely melt at high temperature, that is, the side plate structure loses its limiting effect on the pole group, which makes it very easy for the pole group to block the explosion-proof valve under the impact of the airflow, resulting in the explosion-proof valve being unable to exhaust, accelerating the battery runaway, and posing a huge safety hazard. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a safety protection structure and a battery, so as to solve the problem that the explosion-proof valve is located on the side wall of the shell in the prior art to a certain extent. The electrode group will move toward the explosion-proof valve under the action of airflow. At this time, due to the high temperature of the battery out of control, the side plate structure (usually made of PP material, with a melting temperature of about 160°C) that limits the electrode group will completely melt at high temperature, that is, the side plate structure loses its limiting effect on the electrode group, which makes it very easy for the electrode group to block the explosion-proof valve under the impact of airflow, resulting in the inability of the explosion-proof valve to exhaust, accelerating the battery out of control, and posing a great technical problem of potential safety hazards.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present application, there is provided a safety protection structure, comprising a shell, a cover plate, a side plate and a high temperature resistant support pad, wherein the shell is provided with a receiving space for receiving a battery electrode group, the cover plate is provided at both ends of the shell in a first direction to seal the receiving space, and the shell is provided with an explosion-proof hole for accommodating an explosion-proof valve;

[0006] The side plate is parallel to the wall surface of the shell where the explosion-proof hole is located, and is arranged between the pole group and the shell, and a plurality of the high-temperature resistant support pads are embedded in the side plate;

[0007] The plurality of high temperature resistant support pads are sequentially projected onto the wall surface along a second direction, and projections of at least two of the plurality of high temperature resistant support pads are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the explosion-proof hole, and the second direction is perpendicular to the wall surface.

[0008] Preferably, the side plate comprises a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other along the second direction;

[0009] The first surface of the side plate is provided with an embedding groove, and the high temperature resistant support pad is fixed to the side plate via the embedding groove.

[0010] Preferably, the first surface is a side surface of the side plate facing the housing.

[0011] Preferably, the dimension of the high temperature resistant support pad in the second direction is greater than the depth of the embedding groove.

[0012] Preferably, the difference between the size of the high temperature resistant support pad in the second direction and the depth of the embedding groove is defined as a, wherein 0.3 mm ≤ a ≤ 5 mm;

[0013] And / or, the groove depth of the embedding groove is defined as g, wherein 0.2 mm ≤ g ≤ 5 mm, and the dimension of the side panel in the second direction is defined as b, wherein 0.3 mm ≤ bg ≤ 5 mm.

[0014] Preferably, the plurality of high temperature resistant support pads are sequentially projected onto the wall surface along the second direction, and the distance between the projection of any one of the plurality of high temperature resistant support pads and the explosion-proof hole is greater than or equal to 3 mm.

[0015] Preferably, the support end surface of the high temperature resistant support pad in the second direction facing away from the shell is a plane;

[0016] On the support end surface, the distance between two intersection points where any straight line passing through the center of the support end surface intersects with the edge of the support end surface is greater than or equal to 2 mm.

[0017] Preferably, the side panel is provided with a breathable mesh hole penetrating the side panel along the second direction.

[0018] Preferably, the shell is in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the wall surface is a side surface of the shell in the second direction;

[0019] The dimension of the wall surface in the third direction is defined as j, and the dimension of the side plate in the third direction is defined as f, wherein f≤j-0.2 mm.

[0020] According to the second aspect of the present application, a battery is provided, comprising the safety protection structure described in any of the above technical solutions, and thus having all the beneficial technical effects of the safety protection structure, which will not be repeated here.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are:

[0022] The safety protection structure provided by the present application, on the one hand, sets the explosion-proof valve on the shell, which can effectively increase the space for setting the pole on the cover plate; on the other hand, by embedding a plurality of high-temperature resistant support pads on the side plate, and projecting the plurality of high-temperature support pads onto the wall surface in sequence along the second direction, the projections of at least two of the plurality of high-temperature resistant support pads are respectively set on the two sides opposite to each other of the explosion-proof hole, so that when the temperature of the battery rises in an out-of-control state, causing the side plate to melt, the high-temperature resistant support pads can still support the pole group from both sides of the explosion-proof hole, effectively avoiding the pole group from blocking the explosion-proof hole under the impact of airflow, thereby improving the safety of the battery and effectively reducing the phenomenon that the explosion-proof valve cannot exhaust gas and accelerates the battery out of control.

[0023] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are specifically cited below and described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the explosion structure of a battery provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the side panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 2 An enlarged structural diagram of the side panel at position A is provided;

[0028] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the axonometric structure of the side panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 4 An enlarged structural diagram of the side panel at position B is provided;

[0030] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the isometric structure of a battery provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a battery provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 8 for Figure 7 An enlarged structural schematic diagram of the side panel at position C is provided.

[0033] Reference numerals:

[0034] 10-side plate; 101-first surface; 102-second surface; 11-embedded groove; 12-breathable mesh; 2-high temperature resistant support pad; 3-pole group; 4-shell; 41-explosion-proof hole; 5-cover plate; 6-explosion-proof valve.

[0035] F1-first direction; F2-second direction; F3-third direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The technical solution of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0037] The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the application claimed, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present application.

[0038] Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0039] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0040] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0041] Refer to the following Figures 1 to 8 The safety protection structure and battery according to some embodiments of the present application are described.

[0042] See also Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application provides a safety protection structure, which includes a shell 4, a cover plate 5, a side plate 10 and a high temperature resistant support pad 2. The shell 4 is surrounded by a storage space for accommodating the battery pole group 3. The cover plate 5 is arranged at both ends of the shell 4 in the first direction F1 to seal the storage space. The shell 4 is provided with an explosion-proof hole 41 for accommodating the explosion-proof valve 6. The side plate 10 is parallel to the wall surface of the shell 4 where the explosion-proof hole 41 is located, and is arranged between the pole group 3 and the shell 4. The side plate 10 is embedded with a plurality of high temperature resistant support pads 2. The plurality of high temperature support pads are sequentially projected onto the wall surface along the second direction F2, and the projections of at least two of the plurality of high temperature resistant support pads 2 are respectively arranged on the two opposite sides of the explosion-proof hole 41, and the second direction F2 is perpendicular to the wall surface.

[0043] According to the safety protection structure provided by the above-mentioned technical features, on the one hand, the explosion-proof valve 6 is arranged on the shell 4, which can effectively increase the space for the cover plate 5 to set the pole; on the other hand, by embedding a plurality of high-temperature resistant support pads 2 on the side plate 10, and projecting the plurality of high-temperature support pads to the wall surface in sequence along the second direction F2, the projections of at least two of the plurality of high-temperature resistant support pads 2 are respectively arranged on the two opposite sides of the explosion-proof hole 41, so that when the temperature of the battery rises in an out-of-control state, causing the side plate 10 to melt, the high-temperature resistant support pads 2 can still support the pole group 3 from both sides of the explosion-proof hole 41, effectively avoiding the pole group 3 from blocking the explosion-proof hole 41 under the impact of airflow, thereby improving the safety of the battery and effectively reducing the phenomenon that the explosion-proof valve 6 cannot exhaust gas and accelerates the battery out of control.

[0044] It should be noted that, the above-mentioned multiple high-temperature support pads are projected onto the wall surface in sequence along the second direction F2, and the projections of at least two of the multiple high-temperature resistant support pads 2 are respectively arranged on the two sides opposite to each other of the explosion-proof hole 41. It can be understood that, when observed along the second direction F2, at least two of the multiple high-temperature resistant support pads 2 are located on both sides of the explosion-proof hole 41.

[0045] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figures 6 to 8 As shown, F1 shown in the figure may be an example of the first direction F1, and F2 shown in the figure may be an example of the second direction F2. For the convenience of description, the direction perpendicular to the plane defined by the first direction F1 and the second direction F2 is defined as a third direction F3, and F3 shown in the figure may be an example of the third direction F3. Figure 1 It is shown that the first direction F1 can be the length direction of the battery, the second direction F2 can be the width direction of the battery, and the third direction F3 can be an example of the thickness direction of the battery. However, it is not limited to this. The first direction F1, the second direction F2 and the third direction F3 can be adaptively adjusted according to the wall position of the explosion-proof hole 41.

[0046] Optionally, the high temperature resistant support pad 2 may be a pad made of high temperature resistant materials such as a ceramic sheet, a diamond sheet, a ceramic fiber sheet, a rock wool sheet, or a glass wool sheet.

[0047] Preferably, if Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the housing 4 may be a rectangular parallelepiped. Figure 8 As shown, the wall surface may be a side wall of the housing 4 that is perpendicular to the second direction F2 (ie, a narrow side of the housing 4 ).

[0048] However, the shell 4 is not limited to a rectangular parallelepiped, and may also be a cylinder, an elliptical cylinder or other polygonal prisms, etc. Correspondingly, the side plate 10 may be arranged parallel to the wall surface where the explosion-proof valve 6 is located. Taking the shell 4 as a cylinder as an example, the side plate 10 may be a cylindrical surface, and is arranged opposite and parallel to the position of the explosion-proof valve 6 of the shell 4.

[0049] Correspondingly, if Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the above-mentioned multiple high-temperature support pads can be arranged at intervals along the first direction F1 to adapt to the above-mentioned narrow edge structure. The figure shows an example of two explosion-proof valves 6 being arranged on the same narrow edge. Correspondingly, the above-mentioned high-temperature support pads can include three, and the three high-temperature support pads can be arranged alternately with the two explosion-proof valves 6 along the first direction F1.

[0050] Preferably, multiple high-temperature support pads are projected onto the wall in sequence along the second direction F2, and the distance between the projection of any one of the multiple high-temperature resistant support pads 2 and the explosion-proof hole 41 is greater than or equal to 3 mm, so as to ensure the support effectiveness of the high-temperature support pads.

[0051] Taking the above-mentioned high-temperature support pad and explosion-proof valve 6 as an example, the distance between the projection of any one of the above-mentioned multiple high-temperature resistant support pads 2 and the explosion-proof hole 41 is greater than or equal to 3 mm. It can be understood that in the first direction F1, the distance between the high-temperature support pad and the explosion-proof valve 6 closest to it is greater than or equal to 3 mm.

[0052] Preferably, if Figures 2 to 5 As shown, the support end surface of the high temperature support pad facing away from the shell 4 in the second direction F2 is a plane, so as to increase the support contact area of ​​the high temperature support pad, ensure the support effectiveness of the high temperature support pad, and reduce the damage to the pole group 3 when the high temperature support pad supports the pole group 3.

[0053] Preferably, on the support end surface, the distance between two intersection points formed by any straight line passing through the center of the support end surface and the edge of the support end surface is greater than or equal to 2 mm.

[0054] It should be noted that the center of the above-mentioned support end face can be understood as the center of the figure surrounded by the edge of the support end face. For example, if the support end face is a rectangle, the center can be the intersection of the diagonals of the rectangle; for another example, if the support end face is a circle, the center can be the center of the circle; for another example, if the support end face is an ellipse, the center can be the center of the ellipse (that is, the intersection of the long side of the ellipse and the short side of the ellipse).

[0055] Preferably, the high temperature support pad can be in sheet form, such as Figures 1 to 3 An example in which the high temperature support pad is in the form of a square piece is shown, but it is not limited thereto. The high temperature support pad may also be in the form of a disc, an elliptical piece, a polygonal piece or other irregular pieces.

[0056] In an embodiment, preferably, Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the side plate 10 may further include a first surface 101 and a second surface 102 that are opposite to each other along the second direction F2. Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the first surface 101 of the side panel 10 is provided with an embedding groove 11, and the above-mentioned high temperature resistant support pad 2 is fixed to the side panel 10 via the embedding groove 11. In this way, the high temperature resistant support pad 2 is arranged using the thickness space of the side panel 10, which can effectively save the space occupied by the high temperature resistant support pad 2 in the second direction F2.

[0057] However, it is not limited thereto. As long as the high temperature resistant support pad 2 can be fixed to the side plate 10 , the high temperature resistant support pad 2 can also be attached to the first surface 101 and / or the second surface 102 .

[0058] Preferably, if Figure 7 and Figure 8As described above, the size of the high temperature resistant support pad 2 in the second direction F2 is greater than the depth of the embedding groove 11, so that the thickness of the side plate 10 can be effectively reduced, further improving the space utilization of the safety protection structure.

[0059] Preferably, if Figure 8 As shown, the depth of the embedding groove 11 (ie, the dimension of the embedding groove 11 in the second direction F2 ) is defined as g, wherein 0.2 mm≤g≤5 mm, so as to ensure the embedding stability of the high temperature resistant support pad 2 .

[0060] Preferably, if Figure 8 As shown, the dimension of the side panel 10 in the second direction F2 is b, wherein 0.3 mm≤b≤5 mm, so as to ensure the supporting strength of the side panel 10 .

[0061] Preferably, if Figure 8 As shown, the difference between the size of the high temperature resistant support pad 2 in the second direction F2 and the depth of the embedded groove 11 is defined as a, wherein 0.3mm≤a≤5mm. In other words, the size of the high temperature resistant support pad 2 in the second direction F2 can be 0.5mm~10mm to ensure the support strength of the high temperature resistant support pad 2 and the support effectiveness of the pole group 3.

[0062] Preferably, if Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the first surface 101 can be the side of the side plate 10 facing the shell 4. In this way, when the battery is in normal use (i.e., the temperature inside the battery has not reached the melting temperature of the side plate 10), the side plate 10 can effectively wrap the high temperature resistant support pad 2 to avoid the edge of the high temperature resistant support pad 2 from damaging the pole group 3.

[0063] In an embodiment, Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the side plate 10 may be provided with air-permeable mesh holes 12 penetrating the side plate 10 along the second direction F2 to ensure smooth exhaust of the explosion-proof device. Optionally, the air-permeable mesh holes 12 may be distributed on the side plate 10 in a matrix.

[0064] Preferably, if Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, taking the shell 4 in a rectangular shape as an example, the wall is the side surface of the shell 4 in the second direction F2, that is, the wall is perpendicular to the second direction F2, and the two ends of the wall in the third direction F3 are respectively connected to the two side walls of the shell 4 perpendicular to the third direction F3.

[0065] Preferably, if Figure 8As shown, the dimension of the wall in the third direction F3 is defined as j, and the dimension of the side panel 10 in the third direction F3 is defined as f, wherein f≤j-0.2mm. In this way, the side panel 10 can better fit the wall setting, and effectively avoid interference between the side panel 10 and the two side walls of the shell 4 perpendicular to the third direction F3.

[0066] In order to verify that the matching structure of the present invention can better complete the fixing, supporting and assembling functions, the following experiments on the cell assembly and cell vibration test are carried out for the matching structures with different parameters. The specific conclusions are shown in Table 1 below:

[0067] Table 1:

[0068]

[0069] The embodiment of the second aspect of the present application also provides a battery, including the safety protection structure described in any of the above embodiments, and thus has all the beneficial technical effects of the safety protection structure, which will not be repeated here.

[0070] Preferably, the battery may further include the above-mentioned electrode group 3.

[0071] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A safety protection structure, characterized in that: The battery comprises a shell, a cover plate, a side plate and a high temperature resistant support pad, wherein the shell is provided with a receiving space for receiving a battery electrode group, the cover plate is provided at both ends of the shell in a first direction to seal the receiving space, and the shell is provided with an explosion-proof hole for accommodating an explosion-proof valve; The side plate is parallel to the wall surface of the shell where the explosion-proof hole is located, and is arranged between the pole group and the shell, and a plurality of the high-temperature resistant support pads are embedded in the side plate; The plurality of high temperature resistant support pads are sequentially projected onto the wall surface along a second direction, and projections of at least two of the plurality of high temperature resistant support pads are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the explosion-proof hole, and the second direction is perpendicular to the wall surface.

2. The safety protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side plate includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other along the second direction; The first surface of the side plate is provided with an embedding groove, and the high temperature resistant support pad is fixed to the side plate via the embedding groove.

3. The safety protection structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first surface is a side surface of the side plate facing the housing.

4. The safety protection structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dimension of the high temperature resistant support pad in the second direction is greater than the depth of the embedding groove.

5. The safety protection structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The difference between the size of the high temperature resistant support pad in the second direction and the depth of the embedding groove is defined as a, wherein 0.3 mm ≤ a ≤ 5 mm; And / or, the groove depth of the embedding groove is defined as g, wherein 0.2 mm ≤ g ≤ 5 mm, and the dimension of the side panel in the second direction is defined as b, wherein 0.3 mm ≤ bg ≤ 5 mm.

6. The safety protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of high temperature resistant support pads are sequentially projected onto the wall surface along the second direction, and the distance between the projection of any one of the plurality of high temperature resistant support pads and the explosion-proof hole is greater than or equal to 3 mm.

7. The safety protection structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The supporting end surface of the high temperature resistant supporting pad in the second direction facing away from the shell is a plane; On the support end surface, the distance between two intersection points where any straight line passing through the center of the support end surface intersects with the edge of the support end surface is greater than or equal to 2 mm.

8. The safety protection structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The side plate is provided with a breathable mesh hole penetrating the side plate along the second direction.

9. The safety protection structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The shell is in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the wall surface is a side surface of the shell in the second direction; The dimension of the wall surface in the third direction is defined as j, and the dimension of the side plate in the third direction is defined as f, wherein f≤j-0.2 mm.

10. A battery, characterized in that: A safety protection structure comprising any one of claims 1 to 9.

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