Antenna, reflective antenna system and electronic device

Abstract

The invention provides an antenna, a reflecting antenna system and electronic equipment, the antenna comprises an antenna body, the antenna body is internally provided with a waveguide cavity which is through up and down, and a solid structure is arranged between the cavity wall of the waveguide cavity and the side wall of the antenna body; the waveguide cavity comprises a first waveguide cavity body and a second waveguide cavity body communicated with the first waveguide cavity body, the first waveguide cavity body is configured to be a rectangular waveguide cavity body, and the second waveguide cavity body is configured to be a trumpet-shaped waveguide cavity body. The first waveguide cavity and the second waveguide cavity are integrally formed, the opening diameter of the first waveguide cavity is larger than that of the second waveguide cavity, and the opening diameter of the second waveguide cavity is gradually increased in the vertical direction. According to the antenna, the gain of the whole antenna can be improved, interference of current on metal to antenna radiation is reduced, and therefore the feed efficiency can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna, a reflective antenna system and electronic equipment. Background Art

[0002] Terahertz communication has ultra-large available bandwidth and ultra-high-speed transmission capabilities, and is considered to be one of the key technologies for the future 6G. The development of terahertz antennas has a positive effect on accelerating my country's 6G process. At present, terahertz beam reconfigurable antennas have become an international research hotspot. Due to the characteristics of the terahertz frequency wavelength, poor diffraction ability and large loss, multi-beam or beam reconfigurable antennas are needed to improve the efficiency of electronic equipment in receiving and transmitting terahertz signals in complex communication environments. However, how to reduce the reference of additional bias circuits and reduce design costs to achieve reconfigurable antenna design in the terahertz frequency band is still a technical challenge that is being tackled. Low-loss, low-cost beam-adjustable antenna arrays in the terahertz frequency band need further research and development. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide an antenna, a reflective antenna system and an electronic device, which can improve the gain of the entire antenna and reduce the interference of the current on the metal on the antenna radiation, thereby effectively improving the feeding efficiency.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an antenna, including an antenna body, wherein a waveguide cavity penetrating from top to bottom is opened inside the antenna body, and a solid structure is provided between the cavity wall of the waveguide cavity and the side wall of the antenna body; the waveguide cavity includes a first waveguide cavity and a second waveguide cavity connected to the first waveguide cavity, the first waveguide cavity is configured as a rectangular waveguide cavity, and the second waveguide cavity is configured as a horn-shaped waveguide cavity.

[0005] Preferably, the first waveguide cavity and the second waveguide cavity are integrally formed, the opening diameter of the first waveguide cavity is larger than the opening diameter of the second waveguide cavity, and the opening diameter of the second waveguide cavity gradually increases along the vertical direction.

[0006] Preferably, the antenna further comprises radiation branches, which are located at both sides of the waveguide cavity opening and connected to the waveguide cavity.

[0007] Preferably, the first waveguide cavity comprises a first port and a second port connected to the first waveguide cavity, and the first port and the second port are both arranged in a rectangular shape.

[0008] Preferably, the cavity wall of the first waveguide cavity is arranged in a plane, the plane vertically extends from the first port to the second port, and the cross section of the first waveguide cavity is arranged in a rectangular shape in the vertical direction.

[0009] Preferably, the second waveguide cavity includes a third port, which is arranged in a circular shape; the cavity wall of the second waveguide cavity is arranged in a curved surface, which extends from the second port to the third port, and the radius of curvature of the cross-section of the second waveguide cavity gradually increases toward the third port.

[0010] Preferably, the height of the third port in the vertical direction is higher than the height of the solid structure in the vertical direction, the radiation branches are located on both sides of the third port, and the radiation branches are arranged flush with the third port.

[0011] Preferably, the first waveguide cavity is configured as a rectangular waveguide, the second waveguide cavity is configured as a circular waveguide, and the TE10 mode of the rectangular waveguide in the first waveguide cavity is converted into the TE11 mode of the circular waveguide in the second waveguide cavity.

[0012] Preferably, the second waveguide cavity is provided with a loading metal sheet along the main polarization direction to reduce interference of the current on the outer wall of the waveguide cavity on radiation.

[0013] Preferably, the feed horn antenna further includes a ground plate, which is disposed around the solid structure and connected to the solid structure.

[0014] Preferably, a rectangular aperture is formed on the ground plate, the rectangular aperture is close to the first port of the waveguide cavity, and the size of the rectangular aperture matches the size of the first port.

[0015] Preferably, the solid structure is located in the middle position of the grounding plate, and the solid structure includes a first solid structure arranged in a square column and a second solid structure arranged in a trapezoidal column, the second solid structure is located above the first solid structure, and the second solid structure and the first solid structure are arranged as a whole.

[0016] Preferably, the first solid structure and the second solid structure are arranged at the same height, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second solid structure gradually decreases toward the third port.

[0017] Preferably, the waveguide cavity is configured as a metal cavity.

[0018] Preferably, the grounding plate is in the shape of a hollow cylinder, a square hole is provided in the middle, and the square hole matches the first solid structure.

[0019] Preferably, the first solid structure is inserted into the square hole and fixedly connected to the grounding plate, and the plane where the bottom end of the first solid structure is located is lower than the plane where the bottom end of the grounding plate is located.

[0020] Preferably, a plurality of fixing holes are provided at edge positions close to the grounding plate, and the plurality of fixing holes are symmetrically arranged around the center of the circle.

[0021] Preferably, the fixing hole comprises a first hole and a second hole, and the first hole and the second hole are alternately arranged in sequence at equal angles.

[0022] Preferably, the first holes and the second holes are both arranged in a circular shape, and the centers of a plurality of the first holes and the centers of the second holes are arranged in a cocircular shape.

[0023] The present invention also provides a reflective antenna system to better apply the above antenna.

[0024] In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a reflective antenna system, which includes the above antenna.

[0025] The present invention provides an antenna, a reflective antenna system and an electronic device using the antenna, wherein the antenna comprises an antenna body, a waveguide cavity penetrating from top to bottom is provided inside the antenna body, a solid structure is provided between the cavity wall of the waveguide cavity and the side wall of the antenna body; the waveguide cavity comprises a first waveguide cavity and a second waveguide cavity connected to the first waveguide cavity, the first waveguide cavity is configured as a rectangular waveguide cavity, and the second waveguide cavity is configured as a horn-shaped waveguide cavity. The antenna of the present invention can improve the gain of the overall antenna, reduce the interference of the current on the metal on the antenna radiation, and thus can effectively improve the feeding efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Exploded schematic diagram after removing the solid structure.

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 1 First and second perspective images after removing the solid structure.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a first viewing angle diagram of the antenna of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a second viewing angle diagram of the antenna of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 Parameter comparison diagram of the antenna of the present invention and the 300 GHz horn antenna in the related art.

[0032] Figure 7 FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the simulated reflection coefficient and gain variation of the antenna of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 8 is the radiation pattern at the center frequency of the antenna of the present invention.

[0034] Fig. 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the reflective antenna system of the present invention.

[0035] The descriptions of the reference numerals are as follows:

[0036] Antenna 100, waveguide cavity 10,

[0037] The first waveguide cavity 11 , the first port 110 , the second port 111 , the second waveguide cavity 12 , the third port 120 , the solid structure 20 , the first solid structure 21 , the second solid structure 22 , the radiation branch 30 , the ground plate 40 , the rectangular aperture 41 , the first hole 42 , and the second hole 43 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The antenna 100 and the reflective antenna system proposed in the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are all in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, which are only used to conveniently and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the structure shown in the accompanying drawings is often a part of the actual structure. In particular, the emphasis of each accompanying drawing is different, and sometimes different proportions are used.

[0039] In the development of terahertz beam reconfigurable reflector antennas, it is necessary to consider the phase change materials used in the reflector antenna, so that when the electromagnetic properties of the phase change materials of the reconfigurable reflector antenna change, it can have different reflection phases for the incident electromagnetic waves; it is necessary to consider designing array algorithms to improve antenna gain and bandwidth; it is necessary to consider how to design and process the excitation source used in the terahertz beam reconfigurable reflector antenna as the feed source of the entire reflector antenna for actual testing. In particular, the feed antenna design of the terahertz beam reflector antenna can improve and enhance the flexibility of the front-to-back signal reception and transmission of the terahertz RF front end.

[0040] The primary radiator of the feed antenna excitation surface antenna main and secondary reflector is an important device that determines the electrical characteristics and frequency band of the antenna. Its function is to radiate the RF power from the feed line to the reflector or lens in the form of electromagnetic waves, so that it can produce a suitable field distribution on the aperture to form the required sharp wave beam or endowed beam, and at the same time make the power leaking out from the edge of the reflector or lens as small as possible, so as to achieve the highest possible gain. At present, feed antennas are horn-type and vibrator-type, and the feed horns mainly include main mode horns, dual-mode horns, multi-mode horns and waveform horns. The feed horn antenna should radiate spherical waves, that is, the phase directivity diagram is a sphere, and the center of the sphere is called the phase center of the horn. The width of its amplitude directivity diagram should match the aperture of the main and secondary reflectors, so that the electromagnetic wave energy can be irradiated to the corresponding reflector as much as possible to improve the irradiation efficiency and reduce the overflow loss.

[0041] Since the feed of the array antenna needs to achieve a stable gain and a wide half-power beamwidth within a broadband range, the feed antenna can be either a horn antenna or a magnetoelectric dipole antenna. Magnetoelectric dipole antennas have superior performance such as bandwidth, symmetrical radiation pattern, low back lobe and stable gain, and are very popular in applications such as base station antenna design. On the other hand, as communication systems develop towards large capacity, high reliability and intelligence, reconfigurable antennas have attracted widespread attention due to their reconfigurable antenna characteristics. The horn antenna consists of a section of uniform waveguide and a horn-shaped waveguide with a gradually increasing cross-section at one end. The waveguide horn antenna is one of the most commonly used microwave antennas. Its advantages are a wide operating frequency band and a gradual transition of the internal metal wall to ensure impedance matching between the waveguide port and the free space.

[0042] The operating frequency of the magnetoelectric dipole antenna in the current related technology is relatively low, so it cannot meet the feeding efficiency of the terahertz reconfigurable reflector antenna, and cannot test the performance of the target product array, affecting its radiation characteristics within a wide bandwidth, making the designed reflector antenna array results less consistent with the calculation optimization results, and the achieved aperture efficiency is also low.

[0043] At present, the horn-shaped antenna in the relevant technology is used as the feed antenna, which results in low antenna gain and large interference of the current on the metal on the radiation. Within the required broadband range, the feeding efficiency of the terahertz reconfigurable reflective antenna is insufficient, and the required indicators of the feed antenna cannot be stably met.

[0044] In view of this, it is indeed necessary to provide a new type of antenna and reflective antenna system.

[0045] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the present invention provides an antenna 100, wherein a cavity is provided inside the antenna body and is connected vertically, and a solid structure 20 is provided between the cavity wall of the cavity and each side wall of the antenna body. The cavity is configured as a waveguide cavity 10, that is, the antenna 100 of the present invention includes an antenna body, wherein a waveguide cavity 10 is provided inside the antenna body and is connected vertically, and a solid structure 20 is provided between the cavity wall of the waveguide cavity 10 and the side wall of the antenna body.

[0046] The waveguide cavity 10 of the present invention includes a first waveguide cavity 11 and a second waveguide cavity 12 connected to the first waveguide cavity 11. The first waveguide cavity 11 is configured as a rectangular waveguide cavity 10 body, and the second waveguide cavity 12 is configured as a trumpet-shaped waveguide cavity 10 body. The first waveguide cavity 11 and the second waveguide cavity 12 are integrally formed, the opening diameter of the first waveguide cavity 11 is larger than the opening diameter of the second waveguide cavity 12, and the opening diameter of the second waveguide cavity 12 gradually increases along the vertical direction.

[0047] The first waveguide cavity 11 includes a first port 110 and a second port 111 located above the first port 110, and the first port 110 and the second port 111 are both arranged in a rectangular shape. The cavity wall of the first waveguide cavity 11 is arranged in a plane, and the plane vertically extends from the first port 110 to the second port 111, and the cross section of the first waveguide cavity 11 is arranged in a rectangular shape of equal size in the vertical direction from bottom to top.

[0048] The second waveguide cavity 12 includes a third port 120, which is arranged in a circular shape. The cavity wall of the second waveguide cavity 12 is arranged in a curved surface, and the curved surface vertically extends from the second port 111 to the third port 120. The curvature radius of the cross section of the second waveguide cavity 12 gradually increases in the vertical direction from bottom to top, that is, the opening angle of the trumpet-shaped second waveguide cavity 12 gradually increases in the vertical direction from bottom to top, so that the aperture area of ​​the third port 120 is larger than the aperture area of ​​the first port 110 or the second port 111.

[0049] The waveguide cavity 10 is preferably a metal cavity, that is, the interior of the antenna body is a metal cavity from a rectangular waveguide to a circular waveguide. The metal cavity can convert the TE10 mode of the rectangular waveguide in the first waveguide cavity 11 into the TE11 mode of the circular waveguide in the second waveguide cavity 12. This arrangement increases the aperture area of ​​the waveguide cavity 10, thereby improving the overall radiation gain of the feed antenna.

[0050] The antenna 100 of the present invention further includes a radiation branch 30, which is located on both sides of the cavity opening of the waveguide cavity 10 and is connected to the waveguide cavity 10. Further, the height of the third port 120 in the vertical direction is higher than the height of the solid structure 20 in the vertical direction, and the radiation branch 30 is located on both sides of the third port 120, and the radiation branch 30 is arranged flush with the third port 120. In other words, the antenna 100 of the present invention includes a ground plate 40 with a waveguide WR-8 rectangular aperture 41, a transition metal cavity from a rectangular column to a cylindrical shape, and a radiation branch 30 loaded on the circular aperture. It should be noted that the rectangular aperture 41 is the aperture connected to the first port 110, which is opened on the floor; the transition metal cavity is the waveguide cavity 10 body, and the circular aperture is the third port 120. Further, the ground plate 40 enhances the performance by reducing the back lobe radiation, and the rectangular aperture 41 etched on the ground plate 40 provides the required operating frequency band of 90-140 GHz. Through the transition metal cavity, that is, through the waveguide cavity 10 body, the rectangular aperture 41 is converted into a circular aperture, thereby converting the TE10 mode into the TE11 mode to generate a magnetic dipole along the X direction. By adding a pair of radiation branches 30 as E dipoles along the Y direction, a magneto-electric dipole radiation mode with symmetrical E and H plane radiation patterns and low back radiation can be achieved.

[0051] Preferably, the radiation branch 30 is configured as a metal sheet, and the second waveguide cavity is loaded with the metal sheet along the main polarization direction to reduce the interference of the current on the outer wall of the waveguide cavity on the radiation. In other words, the metal sheet is loaded on the circular waveguide along the main polarization direction to reduce the interference of the current on the outer wall of the metal cavity on the radiation. Figure 8 , which can achieve an average gain of 11dBi and a half-power beamwidth of 50° within a frequency range of 33%. In other words, the feed horn antenna meets the required feed antenna index requirements within a broadband range, and further design and performance verification tests are performed through simulation. The metal sheet is loaded on the surface of the radiation port, and its length is about one-quarter wavelength of the center frequency. With this setting, when the feed antenna is working, the current distribution on the antenna is similar to the current distribution on the open transmission line. At this time, the circuit is equivalent to an open circuit. The electromagnetic wave signal passing through the open circuit by a quarter wavelength is equivalent to a short circuit under the transmission of the microstrip line, which causes the radiation current of the antenna to gather and flow, thereby reducing interference in the radiation direction of the antenna, such as Figure 8 As shown, the radiation directions of the two radiating branch metal sheets are more concentrated, and in practice the radiation directions are concentrated and not easy to be dispersed. In other words, the leakage of the electromagnetic field outside the feed antenna when the port radiates is avoided, thereby optimizing the direction of the radiating antenna and improving the gain in the normal direction.

[0052] Combination Figure 3 and Figure 4 The waveguide cavity 10 in the antenna 100 of the present invention is composed of key parameters Dh , H f , L wg and W wg Definition. Where D h represents the diameter of the third port 120, H f represents the height of the entire waveguide cavity 10, L wg Represents the length of the rectangular aperture 41 and W wg represents the width of the rectangular aperture 41. The size of the rectangular aperture 41 follows the standard WR-08 size and is used to adapt the basic TE01 mode at the required operating frequency, so it is defined as L wg =2.032mm and W wg =1.016mm. The operating frequency can be changed according to the size of the rectangular aperture 41. The transition length of the waveguide cavity 10 can be adjusted according to the profile requirements. Nevertheless, the minimum length from the rectangular cavity, i.e., the first waveguide cavity 11, to the circular cavity, i.e., the second waveguide cavity 12, is twice the wavelength (2 g ) to avoid abrupt size changes and the generation of higher-order modes. The height of the waveguide cavity 10 is defined as H f =25.5 mm to provide broadband performance and low return loss. Changing the circular aperture, i.e., the aperture of the third port 120, can improve gain performance. By changing D h =3.78mm is set to a required gain of 12dBi, the F / D ratio can be optimized to avoid feed blockage and improve the aperture efficiency of the reconfigurable antenna array.

[0053] The horn feed antenna of the present invention further includes a ground plate 40, which is arranged around the solid structure 20 and connected to the solid structure 20. Preferably, a rectangular aperture 41 is provided on the ground plate 40, and the rectangular aperture 41 is close to the position of the first port 110 of the waveguide cavity 10, and the size of the rectangular aperture 41 matches the size of the first port 110. The solid structure 20 is arranged roughly in a conical table shape and is located in the middle position of the ground plate 40. Specifically, the solid structure 20 includes a first solid structure 21 arranged in a square column and a second solid structure 22 arranged in a trapezoidal column. The second solid structure 22 is located above the first solid structure 21, and the second solid structure 22 is arranged as a whole with the first solid structure 21. Further, the first solid structure 21 and the second solid structure 22 are equal in height. It can be understood that the cross-sectional area of ​​the first solid structure 21 is equal from top to bottom, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second solid structure 22 gradually decreases toward the third port 120, so that it is in the shape of a trapezoidal column. The height of the plane where the third port 120 of the waveguide cavity 10 is located is higher than the height of the plane where the top end of the second solid structure 22 is located.

[0054] Preferably, in the Z direction, the height of the entire solid structure 20 can be 10-40 mm, preferably 25.5 mm, then the height of the first solid structure 21 can be 5-20 mm, preferably 12.75 mm, and the height of the second solid structure 22 can be 5-20 mm, preferably 12.75 mm; in the y direction, the width of the first solid structure 21 can be 7-10 mm, preferably 8.4 mm, and the width of the second solid structure 22 at the top position can be 5-8 mm, preferably 6.28 mm; in the X-axis direction, the width of the first solid structure 21 can be 5-8 mm, preferably 6.4 mm. And in the Z-axis direction, the height of the plane where the third port 120 of the waveguide cavity 10 is located is 0.5 mm different from the height of the plane where the top of the second solid structure 22 is located. In the y-axis direction, the diameter of the circular hole of the third port 120 may be 3-5 mm, preferably 3.78 mm. In the x-axis direction, the width of the metal sheet 30 on the top of the second solid structure 22 may be 1.75-3 mm, preferably 2.25 mm.

[0055] Combination Figure 5 As shown, the grounding plate 40 is arranged in a hollow cylindrical shape, a square hole is arranged in the middle position, and the square hole matches the first solid structure 21, the first solid structure 21 is inserted into the square hole and fixedly connected to the grounding plate 40, and the plane where the bottom end of the first solid structure 21 is located is lower than the plane where the bottom end of the grounding plate 40 is located. Preferably, in the Z-axis direction, the height of the grounding plate 40 can be 2 to 5 mm, preferably 3.175 mm, and the height difference between the plane where the bottom end of the grounding plate 40 is located and the plane where the bottom end of the first solid structure 21 is located can be 0.5 to 1 mm, preferably 0.81 mm. Further, a plurality of fixing holes are arranged at the edge position close to the grounding plate 40, and the plurality of fixing holes are symmetrically arranged around the center of the circle, including a first hole 42 and a second hole 43, and the first hole 42 and the second hole 43 are arranged in sequence at equal angles. Preferably, the first hole 42 and the second hole 43 are both arranged in a circular shape, and the centers of the first holes 42 and the second holes 43 are arranged in a common circle, that is, all on circle B. The diameter of circle A where the grounding plate 40 is located is preferably 19.050 mm, and the diameter of circle B is preferably 14.290 mm.

[0056] Compared with the horn antenna in the related art, the parameters and operating frequency of the antenna 100 of the present invention are different. For example, compared with the 300 GHz horn antenna in the related art, the parameters of the two antennas are as follows: Figure 6As shown in the figure, since the operating frequency is 100 GHz instead of 300 GHz, the key parameters of the feed antenna in the present invention are about three times that of the 300 GHz horn antenna. However, the two antennas are not interchangeable when used to feed the reconfigurable reflect array, that is, the horn antenna in the related art cannot replace the antenna 100 of the present invention to feed the reconfigurable reflect array. In order to clearly illustrate that the feed antenna of the present invention can improve the gain of the overall antenna, the feed antenna of the present invention simulates the change of reflection coefficient and gain, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown, the radiation pattern of the antenna 100 of the present invention at the center frequency is also provided, such as Figure 8 It can be further seen from this that the antenna 100 of the present invention can reduce the interference of the current on the metal on the antenna radiation, thereby effectively improving the feeding efficiency.

[0057] like Fig. 9 As shown, the present invention also provides a reflective antenna system, which includes the above-mentioned antenna 100 and a reconfigurable antenna array, and the antenna 100 provides feeding for the reconfigurable antenna array. We make a fixed bracket at the feeding position corresponding to the designed reconfigurable antenna array, connect the output port of the signal generator on the antenna 100, and perform incident feeding on the reconfigurable antenna array, so that it generates a directional reflected beam.

[0058] The present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising the above-mentioned reflective antenna system. The electronic device can be a terminal device such as a mobile phone or a tablet, or a vehicle, or an electronic product such as a base station, a notebook, or a home appliance.

[0059] In summary, the present invention provides an antenna 100, a reflective antenna system and an electronic device using the antenna 100, wherein the feed antenna comprises an antenna body, wherein a waveguide cavity 10 is provided inside the antenna body and is passed through from top to bottom, wherein a solid structure 20 is provided between the cavity wall of the waveguide cavity 10 and the side wall of the antenna body; wherein the waveguide cavity 10 comprises a first waveguide cavity 11 and a second waveguide cavity 12 connected to the first waveguide cavity 11, wherein the first waveguide cavity 11 is configured as a rectangular waveguide cavity 10 body, and the second waveguide cavity 12 is configured as a horn-shaped waveguide cavity 10 body. The antenna 100 of the present invention can improve the gain of the overall antenna, reduce the interference of the current on the metal on the antenna radiation, and thus can effectively improve the feeding efficiency.

[0060] It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other. In addition, the different parts between the various embodiments can also be used in combination with each other, and the present invention is not limited to this.

[0061] The above description is only a description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any changes or modifications made by a person skilled in the art in the field of the present invention based on the above disclosure shall fall within the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that: The invention comprises an antenna body, wherein a waveguide cavity which passes through the antenna body from top to bottom is provided inside the antenna body, and a solid structure is provided between the cavity wall of the waveguide cavity and the side wall of the antenna body; the waveguide cavity comprises a first waveguide cavity and a second waveguide cavity which is connected to the first waveguide cavity, wherein the first waveguide cavity is configured as a rectangular waveguide cavity, and the second waveguide cavity is configured as a horn-shaped waveguide cavity.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first waveguide cavity and the second waveguide cavity are integrally formed, the opening diameter of the first waveguide cavity is larger than the opening diameter of the second waveguide cavity, and the opening diameter of the second waveguide cavity gradually increases along the vertical direction.

3. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna also includes radiation branches, which are located on both sides of the waveguide cavity opening and connected to the waveguide cavity.

4. The antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The radiation branch is configured as a metal sheet, and the second waveguide cavity is loaded with the metal sheet along the main polarization direction.

5. The antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first waveguide cavity includes a first port and a second port located above the first port, and the first port and the second port are both arranged in a rectangular shape.

6. The antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cavity wall of the first waveguide cavity is arranged in a plane, the plane vertically extends from the first port to the second port, and the cross section of the first waveguide cavity is arranged in a rectangular shape in the vertical direction.

7. The antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second waveguide cavity includes a third port, which is arranged in a circular shape; the cavity wall of the second waveguide cavity is arranged in a curved surface, which extends from the second port to the third port, and the curvature radius of the cross section of the second waveguide cavity gradually increases toward the third port.

8. The antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: The height of the third port in the vertical direction is higher than the height of the solid structure in the vertical direction. The radiation branches are located on both sides of the third port, and the radiation branches are arranged flush with the third port.

9. The antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first waveguide cavity is configured as a rectangular waveguide, the second waveguide cavity is configured as a circular waveguide, and the TE10 mode of the rectangular waveguide in the first waveguide cavity is converted into the TE11 mode of the circular waveguide in the second waveguide cavity.

10. The antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The feed horn antenna also includes a ground plate, which is arranged around the solid structure and connected to the solid structure.

11. The antenna according to claim 10, characterized in that: A rectangular aperture is formed on the ground plate, the rectangular aperture is close to the first port of the waveguide cavity, and the size of the rectangular aperture matches the size of the first port.

12. The antenna according to claim 10, characterized in that: The solid structure is located in the middle of the grounding plate, and includes a first solid structure arranged in a square column and a second solid structure arranged in a trapezoidal column. The second solid structure is located above the first solid structure, and the second solid structure is arranged integrally with the first solid structure.

13. The antenna according to claim 12, characterized in that: The first solid structure and the second solid structure are arranged at the same height, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second solid structure gradually decreases toward the third port.

14. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waveguide cavity is configured as a metal cavity.

15. The antenna according to claim 10, characterized in that: The grounding plate is in the shape of a hollow cylinder, a square hole is provided in the middle, and the square hole matches the first solid structure.

16. The antenna according to claim 15, characterized in that: The first solid structure is inserted into the square hole and fixedly connected to the grounding plate, and the plane where the bottom end of the first solid structure is located is lower than the plane where the bottom end of the grounding plate is located.

17. The antenna according to claim 10, characterized in that: A plurality of fixing holes are provided at edge positions close to the grounding plate, and the plurality of fixing holes are symmetrically arranged around the center of the circle.

18. The antenna according to claim 17, characterized in that: The fixing hole comprises a first hole and a second hole, and the first hole and the second hole are arranged alternately in sequence at equal angles.

19. The antenna according to claim 18, characterized in that: The first holes and the second holes are both arranged in a circular shape, and the centers of a plurality of the first holes and the centers of the second holes are arranged in a circle.

20. A reflective antenna system, characterized in that: The reflective antenna system comprises the antenna according to any one of claims 1-19.

21. An electronic device, characterized in that: Comprising the reflective antenna system described in claim 20.

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