Connection cable and measurement device formed using the same

Abstract

The connection cable (1000) comprises a wire (1011) made of an electrically conductive material, a wire (1012) made of an electrically conductive material, and a plurality of connection elements (1013.1, 1013.2, 1013.3, 1013.N) for mechanically and electrically insulated connection of the wires (1011, 1012), each connection element being made of a material having a dielectric strength of not less than 300 V / mm and a phase transition temperature of more than 400 DEG C. Each connecting element (1013) is mechanically connected to the wire (1011) and the wire (1012) such that the wires (1011, 1012) are spaced apart from each other and electrically insulated to form an electrical insulation resistance not less than 1 # imgabs0 #. At least one (partial) section of the wire (1011, 1012) extending between two adjacent connecting elements can also advantageously be each formed as a (bare) overhead line. The connection cable (1000) can also be advantageously part of a component of the measuring device and is used for electrically connecting an electrical element (101) of the measuring device (1), which is used as a sensor element, and an electronic measuring circuit (102) of the measuring device (1) to each other.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a connecting cable and a measuring device having such a connecting cable. Background Art

[0002] From US-A 2015 / 0211902, US-A 2016 / 0123783, US-A 2016 / 0138952, US-A 2016 / 0313162, US-A 2018 / 0364075, US-A 2019 / 0094054, US-A 2020 / 0251265, US-A 2021 / 0140804 or US-A 48 76 898 Measuring devices are known, each having at least one electrical component, such as a resistive, capacitive, electrodynamic or piezoelectric component, which serves as a sensor element, such as a (sensor) coil, a (measuring) capacitor or a piezoelectric element or a (platinum) measuring resistor, which serves to convert at least one physical measured variable into at least one electrical (measurement) signal having at least one signal parameter which depends on the measured variable, in particular an electrical (signal) voltage and / or an electrical (signal) current, and an electronic measuring circuit for processing the at least one electrical (measurement) signal. As disclosed in particular in US-A 2015 / 0211902, US-A 2016 / 0138952, US-A 2016 / 0313162, US-A 2018 / 0364075, US-A 2020 / 0251265, US-A 2021 / 0140804 or US-A 48 76 898, respectively, a 2-conductor or multi-conductor connecting cable having a first conductor made of an electrically conductive material and a second conductor made of an electrically conductive material, which second conductor is usually structurally identical to the first conductor, for electrically connecting an electrical component or a sensor element to a measuring circuit, wherein the first conductor and the second conductor of the connecting cable consisting of metal are, for example, electrically connected to the electronic measuring circuit via a respective first (conductor) end and to the sensor element via a respective second (conductor) end. The component used as sensor element, the measuring circuit and the connecting cable can also be arranged in a (protective) housing of the measuring system.

[0003] Each conductor, as disclosed in particular in US-A 2016 / 0313162, US-A 2020 / 0251265 or US-A 48 76 898, is also typically coated with a flexible (conductor) insulation layer made of a non-conductive or poorly conductive (insulating) material, so that the first conductor and the second conductor are spaced apart from each other and electrically insulated to form a generally greater than 1 Electrical insulation resistance in megohms. Last but not least, when such measuring devices are used in (high-temperature) applications, in which at least one component serving as sensor element and the connecting cable connected to it are exposed to high operating temperatures of 350°C (degrees Celsius) or more, (high-)temperature-resistant but flexible plastics (e.g. based on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or poly(organo)siloxanes (silicones)) and / or (textile) fabrics made of (high-)temperature-resistant chemical fibers (e.g. glass yarns, possibly also mixed with plastics and / or ceramics) are often used as insulating materials.

[0004] Despite the use of such (high) temperature-resistant (insulating) materials for forming the (conductor) insulation layer, temperature-related degradation of the insulating material is occasionally observed in measuring instruments of the type in question - for example due to pyrolysis or oxidation. Although such changes in the insulating material do not necessarily lead to a reduction in the electrical breakdown strength of the (conductor) insulation layer below the (dielectric strength) value corresponding to the (minimum) breakdown voltage specified for the respective measuring device (usually between 200 V (volts) and 500 V), the functionality of the respective measuring system can nevertheless be significantly reduced; this is particularly true since the above-mentioned changes in the insulating material also generally lead to irreversible but undesirable changes in its resistivity and / or its dielectric constant and thus to corresponding changes in the line impedance of the respective connecting cable and associated distortions of the respective (measurement) signal. In addition, it is occasionally possible to observe that gases escaping from the insulating material at high temperatures condense on components used as sensor elements, accompanied by the formation of a conductive film, which occasionally leads to grounding or short circuits. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on the above-mentioned prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a connecting cable which has a long-lasting high stability in both its mechanical and electrical properties, which can be maintained for a long period of time or permanently even at a high operating temperature of more than 350°C.

[0006] To achieve this object, the invention comprises a connecting cable for, for example, a high- and / or low-temperature-resistant electrical connection to an electrical (component) element, such as a coil, a capacitor, a piezoelectric element, a (platinum) measuring resistor or another sensor element, which, for example, at least temporarily operates at a (nominal) maximum operating temperature of more than 350° C. (degrees Celsius) and / or at least temporarily operates at a (nominal) minimum operating temperature of less than -40° C. and / or is used as a sensor element, the connecting cable being, for example, 2-pole, comprising:

[0007] • made of an electrically conductive material – i.e. a first conductor made of metal;

[0008] • a second conductor made of an electrically conductive material - for example, a second conductor made of a metal, for example, which is identical in structure to the first conductor;

[0009] and a plurality of connecting elements, for example, the plurality of connecting elements are spherical or cylindrical and / or structurally identical, for mechanically and electrically insulating connection of the first conductor and the second conductor, each connecting element being made of a material having an electrical breakdown strength of not less than 300 V / mm (volts / millimeter) and having a phase transition temperature of more than 400°C (degrees Celsius), for example not less than 500°C, such as glass or plastic, wherein each connecting element is mechanically connected to the first conductor and the second conductor, such that the first conductor and the second conductor are spaced apart or electrically insulated from each other to form not less than 1 (megohms) of electrical insulation resistance.

[0010] Furthermore, the invention also includes the use of such a connecting cable at an (operating) temperature of more than 350° C. and / or the use of such a connecting cable at an (operating) temperature of less than −40° C.

[0011] In addition, the present invention also includes a measuring device formed with the aid of such a connecting cable, which also includes an electrical component, which is used as, for example, a resistor, capacitor, electrodynamic or piezoelectric sensor element, which is used to convert at least one physical measured variable into at least one electrical (measurement) signal, for example, a voltage signal or a current signal, wherein at least one signal parameter depends on the measured variable, for example, an electrical (signal) voltage and / or an electrical (signal) current, and an electronic measuring circuit, which is used to process the at least one electrical (measurement) signal, and / or use such a measuring device to measure a measured substance having at least temporarily a (measured substance) temperature of more than 350°C and / or having at least temporarily a (measured substance) temperature of less than -40°C, and / or to measure at least one physical measured variable and / or a chemical measured variable of a fluid measured substance.

[0012] According to a first embodiment of the connection cable of the invention, it is further provided that the first conductor consists of a nickel-based alloy, for example a nickel-iron alloy.

[0013] According to a second embodiment of the connection cable of the invention, it is further provided that the first conductor has a (conductor) diameter of not more than 1 mm (millimetre), for example not more than 0.5 mm, and / or not less than 0.05 mm, for example not less than 0.1 mm.

[0014] According to a third embodiment of the connection cable of the invention, it is further provided that the first conductor has a (conductor) length of not more than 200 mm, for example not more than 150 mm, and / or not less than 50 mm, for example not less than 70 mm.

[0015] According to a fourth embodiment of the connection cable according to the invention, it is further provided that the second conductor consists of a nickel-based alloy, for example a nickel-iron alloy.

[0016] According to a fifth embodiment of the connection cable of the invention, it is further provided that the second conductor has a (conductor) diameter of not more than 1 mm, for example not more than 0.5 mm, and / or not less than 0.05 mm, for example not less than 0.1 mm.

[0017] According to a sixth embodiment of the connection cable of the invention, it is further provided that the second conductor has a (conductor) length of not more than 200 mm, for example not more than 150 mm, and / or not less than 50 mm, for example not less than 70 mm.

[0018] According to a seventh embodiment of the connection cable according to the invention, it is further provided that one or more connection elements each consist of, for example, lead-free glass, for example sealing glass.

[0019] According to an eighth embodiment of the connection cable according to the invention, it is further provided that one or more connection elements each consist of a ceramic, for example Al 2 O 3 .

[0020] According to a ninth embodiment of the connection cable according to the invention, it is further provided that the one or more connection elements each consist of, for example, a semi-crystalline plastic, such as polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyethersulfone (PES), polyetherimide (PEI) or polyamideimide (PAI).

[0021] According to a tenth embodiment of the connection cable of the present invention, it is further provided that, within the connection element, the respective minimum distance between the first conductor and the second conductor is not less than 1 mm.

[0022] According to an eleventh embodiment of the connection cable according to the invention, it is further provided that, for example outside the connection element, the minimum distance between the first conductor and the second conductor is greater than 1 mm, for example not less than 1.5 mm.

[0023] According to a twelfth embodiment of the connecting cable of the present invention, it is further provided that a minimum distance between two adjacent connecting elements is not less than 1 mm and / or not more than 20 mm.

[0024] According to a thirteenth embodiment of the connection cable of the present invention, it is further provided that no more than three connection elements are arranged per 1 cm (centimeter) length (of the first conductor and the second conductor).

[0025] According to a fourteenth embodiment of the connecting cable of the present invention, it is further provided that the minimum distance between two adjacent connecting elements is not less than 2 times the (conductor) diameter of the first conductor and the second conductor and / or not more than 50 times the (conductor) diameter of the first conductor and the second conductor.

[0026] According to a fifteenth embodiment of the connecting cable of the present invention, it is further provided that the maximum length of one or more connecting elements is not less than 1 mm and / or not more than 30 mm.

[0027] According to a sixteenth embodiment of the connecting cable of the present invention, it is further provided that the maximum diameter of one or more connecting elements is not less than 1 mm.

[0028] According to a seventeenth embodiment of the connection cable according to the invention, it is further provided that the total mass of all connection elements (of the connection cable) is less than 10 g (grams)—for example, not more than 5 g.

[0029] According to an eighteenth embodiment of the connection cable of the present invention, it is further provided that the mass of each connection element is always less than 2 g (grams) - for example, not more than 1 g; and / or

[0030] According to a nineteenth embodiment of the connection cable of the invention, it is further provided that the (minimum) breakdown voltage between the first conductor and the second conductor is not less than 200 V (volts)—for example, not less than 500 V.

[0031] According to a twentieth embodiment of the connecting cable according to the invention, it is further provided that at least one (partial) section of the first conductor extending between two adjacent connecting elements, for example several or all (partial) sections extending between adjacent connecting elements, are not coated with an insulator made of solid insulating material or are designed as a (bare) overhead line.

[0032] According to a twenty-first embodiment of the connecting cable according to the invention, it is further provided that at least one (partial) section of the second conductor extending between two adjacent connecting elements, for example several or all (partial) sections extending between adjacent connecting elements, are not coated with an insulator made of solid insulating material or are designed as a (bare) overhead line.

[0033] According to a twenty-third embodiment of the connecting cable according to the present invention, it is further provided that (partial) sections of the first conductor and the second conductor extending between two adjacent connecting elements are not covered with solid insulating material or have no conductor insulation, and the (partial) sections are not covered with a common (insulating material) sheath, and therefore, the connecting cable (1000) has no solid insulating material in the area of ​​the (partial) sections of the first conductor and the second conductor (except the connecting elements).

[0034] According to a twenty-fourth embodiment of the connection cable according to the invention, it is further provided that the first conductor and the second conductor are each embedded in the connection element—eg, melted (to form a molten bond).

[0035] According to a twenty-fifth embodiment of the connection cable according to the invention, it is further provided that the first conductor and the second conductor and the connecting element are each connected to each other by means of a fusion bond. Further developing this embodiment of the invention, it is further provided that the connecting element consists of (fusion) glass and the first conductor and the second conductor and the connecting element are each connected to each other by means of a glass fusion bond.

[0036] According to the twenty-sixth embodiment of the connecting cable of the present invention, it is further provided that the first (minimum) distance between the first pair of adjacent connecting elements deviates from the second (minimum) distance between the second pair of adjacent connecting elements, for example, so that the first (minimum) distance is greater than 5 mm, in particular not less than 10 mm, and less than the second (minimum) distance.

[0037] According to a further development of the connecting cable according to the invention, it further comprises: a feed-through element, for example, which is designed as a component of a (multi-pin) plug connection system with more than two contact elements, wherein the feed-through element has a base body, which is made of a material with an electrical breakdown strength of not less than 300 V / mm and a phase transition temperature of more than 400°C, for example not less than 500°C, such as glass or plastic, and a first contact element and a second contact element embedded in the base body, for example each contact element is formed by means of a plug contact or a plug sleeve, and wherein the first conductor is electrically connected to the first contact element via the first (conductor) end, and the second conductor is electrically connected to the second contact element via the first (conductor) end - for example, by means of material bonding.

[0038] According to another embodiment of the invention, it is further provided that one or more connecting elements consist of the same material as the base body.

[0039] According to an embodiment of the measuring device according to the invention, it is further provided that the first conductor and the second conductor of the connecting cable are electrically connected to the electronic measuring circuit by means of the respective first (conductor) ends and are electrically connected to the electrical (component) element by means of the respective second (conductor) ends, for example, such that the second (conductor) end of the first conductor is electrically connected to the first (connection) electrode of the electrical (component) element and the second (conductor) end of the second conductor is electrically connected to the second (connection) electrode of the electrical (component) element.

[0040] According to a further development of the measuring device according to the invention, it further comprises: for example, a modular and / or chambered (protective) housing, wherein the electrical (component) element, the measuring circuit and the connecting cable are arranged within the (protective) housing, and it is further provided that the first wire and the second wire of the connecting cable are electrically connected to the electronic measuring circuit by means of respective first (wire) ends and are electrically connected to the electrical (component) element by means of respective second (wire) ends, for example, so that the second (wire) end of the first wire is electrically connected to a first (connection) electrode of the electrical component and the second (wire) end of the second wire is electrically connected to a second (connection) electrode of the electrical (component) element.

[0041] According to a first embodiment of this further development of the measuring device, it is further provided that the connecting cable runs at least partially in a chamber of a (protective) housing which is filled with an inert gas, for example argon and / or krypton.

[0042] According to a second embodiment of a further development of the measuring device, it is further provided that a (partial) section of a first conductor located between the electrical (component) element and the measuring circuit, e.g. running in a freely swinging manner, and a (partial) section of a second conductor located between the electrical (component) element and the measuring circuit, e.g. running in a freely swinging manner, are spaced apart from a wall of the (protective) housing, e.g. such that a respective minimum distance between the wall of the (protective) housing and the first conductor or the second conductor is not less than 1 mm - e.g. greater than 2 mm. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] The invention and its advantageous embodiments are explained in more detail below based on the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings. In all figures, identical or identically acting or identically functioning components are provided with the same reference numerals; for reasons of clarity or if this is justified for other reasons, previously mentioned reference numerals are omitted in subsequent figures. Furthermore, further advantageous embodiments or developments can be derived from the drawings and / or the claims themselves, in particular combinations of partial aspects of the invention that were initially only explained individually.

[0044] In the figure, in detail:

[0045] Figure 1A , B shows an exemplary embodiment of a connecting cable according to the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 shows a perspective side view of an exemplary embodiment of a measuring device;

[0047] Figure 3 Shown according to Figure 2 A first cross-sectional side view of a measuring device; and

[0048] Figure 4 Shown according to Figure 2 Second cross-sectional side view of the measuring device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] Figure 1A and Figure 1B An exemplary embodiment of a connecting cable 1000 according to the invention is schematically shown, for example, a 2-pole or 2-conductor connecting cable, which is provided or suitable for connection to an electrical (component) element 101. For example, the (component) element 101 can also be designed as a sensor element or be used as a sensor element of an (industrial) measuring device 1. Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 An exemplary embodiment of such a measuring device is schematically shown. Thus, the electrical (component) element 101 can also be, for example, an electrical (component) element which is electrically connected to an electronic measuring circuit 102 and / or a (sensor) coil, a (measuring) capacitor, a piezoelectric element or a (platinum) measuring resistor of the measuring device 1 via a connecting cable 1000. Such a measuring device can be, for example, a pressure measuring device, a temperature measuring device, a fill level measuring device or a Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The schematically illustrated flow measuring device is, in particular, a vortex flow measuring device (which determines the volume or mass flow based on the Karman vortex street).

[0050] According to one embodiment of the invention, the connecting cable (or the measuring system formed with it) is also designed to be resistant to high temperatures, in particular designed for operating temperatures greater than 350° C. (degrees Celsius), or the connecting cable is designed to be connected to an electrical (assembly) element 102, which can also operate at a (nominal) maximum (operating) temperature, for example greater than 350° C. Alternatively or in addition, the connecting cable 1000 can also be arranged to operate at a (nominal) minimum (operating) temperature below 350° C. - for example, even at very low (operating) temperatures, i.e. below -40° C.

[0051] The connection cable 1000 comprises a first conductor 1011 made of a conductive material, and (at least) one second conductor 1012 made of a conductive material, for example, the second conductor 1012 being identical in structure to the conductor 1011. In addition, the connection cable 1000 according to the present invention comprises a plurality of (more than two) (N>2) connecting elements 1013 (1013.1, 1013.2, ... 1013.N), for example, spherical or cylindrical and / or identical in structure, which are used for mechanical and electrical insulation connection of the first conductor and the second conductor, and each connecting element (e.g. Figure 1A or Figure 1B1011 and 1012, so that the first and second conductors are spaced apart or electrically insulated from each other to form a conductor having a width of not less than 1 mm. (megohms) of electrical insulation resistance; according to another embodiment of the present invention, this in particular makes the (nominal) operating voltage of the connecting cable 1000 or the (minimum) breakdown voltage between the first conductor and the second conductor not less than 200 V (volts), in particular not less than 500 V.

[0052] The material of the first conductor and / or the second conductor of the connecting cable 1000 can in particular be a metal, for example (pure) silver or a nickel-based alloy, such as a nickel-iron alloy.

[0053] According to another embodiment of the invention, the maximum length or maximum diameter of one or more connecting elements 1013 is not less than 1 mm and / or not more than 30 mm, and / or the first conductor and / or the second conductor each has a (conductor) length of not more than 200 mm, in particular not more than 150 mm, and / or not less than 50 mm, in particular not less than 70 mm. According to another embodiment of the invention, the connecting element is also connected to the first conductor and the second conductor, so that within each connecting element 1013 (1013.1, 1013.2, 1013.N), the corresponding minimum distance between the first conductor and the second conductor is not less than 1 mm (millimeter), and / or the first conductor and the second conductor are arranged so that, in particular outside the connecting element 1013, the minimum distance between the first conductor and the second conductor is (permanently) greater than 1 mm - for example, also not less than 1.5 mm.

[0054] In particular in the above case, i.e. the minimum distance between the first conductor and the second conductor outside the connection element is greater than 1 mm, or the same minimum distance is ensured, i.e. permanently maintained, the first conductor and the second conductor can also be at least partially formed as a (bare) overhead line. Therefore, according to another embodiment of the present invention, at least one (partial) section of the conductor 1011 extending between two adjacent connection elements is not coated with an insulator made of solid insulating material, and / or a (partial) section of the conductor 1012 extending between two adjacent connection elements is not coated with an insulator made of solid insulating material. For example, several or all (partial) sections of the first conductor and / or the second conductor extending between adjacent connecting elements 1013 (1013.1, 1013.2, 1013.N) may not be covered by an insulation made of solid insulating material, in particular such that, namely, the aforementioned (partial) sections of the first conductor and the second conductor themselves are not covered by solid insulating material and therefore have no conductor insulation, and the (partial) sections are also not covered by a common (insulating material) sheath (such as a cable sheath), so that the connecting cable 1000 is free of any solid insulating material in the region of the (partial) sections of the first conductor and the second conductor (except for the connecting elements). Due to the reduction of (solid) insulating material for the conductor 1012 or the conductor 1013 (on the connecting elements), a connecting cable 1000 can be provided in a very simple manner in which the line impedance remains stable even at very high and / or very low operating temperatures.

[0055] In order to achieve the above-mentioned high operating temperature and the above-mentioned high operating voltage (if necessary, the first conductor and the second conductor are also designed as overhead lines), the connecting element 1013 in the connecting cable 1000 according to the present invention is also composed of a material that has an electrical breakdown strength of not less than 300 V / mm (volts / millimeter) on the one hand and a phase transition temperature (glass transition temperature) of greater than 400°C, for example not less than 500°C, on the other hand, or each connecting element 1013 is made of such a material.

[0056] According to another embodiment, one or more (e.g. all) connecting elements 1013 are each respectively made of glass (e.g. lead-free glass and / or sealing glass), and / or are each made of ceramic (e.g. aluminum oxide ceramic (Al2O3) or glass ceramic), and / or are each made of (semi-crystalline) plastic (e.g. polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyethersulfone (PES), polyetherimide (PEI) or polyamideimide (PAI)). According to another embodiment of the present invention, the first conductor and the second conductor are respectively embedded in the connecting element 1013, for example, melted (to form a fusion bond), and / or the first conductor and the second conductor and the connecting element 1013 are each connected to each other by means of fusion bonding - for example, in the case where the above-mentioned connecting element 1013 is made of (fusion) glass, they are connected to each other by means of glass fusion bonding.

[0057] Last but not least, in the case where the already mentioned connecting cable 1000 is used or provided for electrical connection to a measuring circuit (102) of a measuring device (1), according to another embodiment, the connecting cable 1000 comprises a feed-through element 1014, which has a base body 1014.1 and a first contact element and a second contact element 1014.2, 1014.3, each contact element being embedded in the base body. The base body 1014.1 can also be arranged in a sleeve 1014.4 of the feed-through element 1014 and / or formed in situ in the sleeve 1014.4 by first hardening or solidifying a liquid material in the sleeve 1014.4.

[0058] In this embodiment, the wire 1011 is also electrically connected to the first contact element 1014.2 (of the feed-through element) via the first (wire) end 1011.1, and the wire 1012 is electrically connected to the second contact element (of the feed-through element) via the first (wire) end 1012.1 - for example, also by means of material bonding. The feed-through element 1014 can be designed as a component of a (multi-pin) plug connection system, for example, with two or more contact elements (1014.2, 1014.2, ... 1014.N), so that the contact elements can be formed, for example, each by means of a plug contact or a plug sleeve. Alternatively or in addition, the base body can advantageously consist of a material (for example glass or plastic) having an electrical breakdown strength of not less than 300 V / mm and a phase transition temperature of more than 400°C, in particular not less than 500°C, or the base body 1014.1 can be made of such a material. According to another embodiment of the present invention, one or more (eg all) connecting elements of the connecting cable are also made of the same material as the base body 1014 . 1 (of the feed-through element), and / or the mass of each connecting element is less than 2 g (grams), in particular not more than 1 g.

[0059] In order to achieve the lowest possible total installed mass of the connecting cable 1014 or the highest possible vibration resistance of the connecting cable, in particular when exciting one or more of its mechanical resonance frequencies, according to another embodiment of the invention, the total mass of all connecting elements (of the connecting cable) is less than 10 g (grams), for example, not more than 5 g, and / or the first conductor and / or the second conductor each have a (conductor) diameter of not less than 0.05 mm, in particular not less than 0.1 mm, in particular also achieving a sufficiently high tear resistance. Alternatively or in addition, the (conductor) diameter of the first conductor and / or the second conductor can also be selected so that it is not more than 1 mm - for example, not more than 0.5 mm. In order to achieve the lowest possible installed mass on the one hand and the highest possible stability of the minimum distance between the above-mentioned first conductor and second conductor on the other hand, according to another embodiment of the invention, the minimum distance between two adjacent connecting elements is not less than 1 mm and / or not less than twice the (conductor) diameter of the first conductor and the second conductor. Alternatively or in addition, the minimum distance between the two adjacent connecting elements can also be selected so that it is not greater than 20 mm and / or not greater than 50 times the (conductor) diameter of the first and second conductors, and / or the connecting elements can also be arranged so that no more than 3 connecting elements are arranged per 1 cm length (of the first and second conductors). According to another embodiment of the present invention, it is also provided that - for example, in order to provide a gripping area (1013.1+1013.N) that simplifies the handling of the connecting cable 1014 during its (final) assembly, the first (minimum) distance between the first pair of adjacent connecting elements (1013.1, 1013.N) deviates from the second (minimum) distance between the second pair of adjacent connecting elements; this is in particular such that the first (minimum) distance is smaller than the second (minimum) distance by more than 5 mm, in particular not less than 10 mm.

[0060] As already indicated several times, the connecting cable 1000 together with the above-mentioned electrical component 101 connected thereto can also be a component or part of an (industrial) measuring device (1), for example, a measuring substance having at least temporarily a (measured substance) temperature of more than 350° C. and / or a measuring substance having at least temporarily a (measured substance) temperature of less than −40° C., and / or a measuring device for measuring at least one physical or chemical measured variable of a fluid measured substance. Thus, as already indicated, the component 101 can be designed, for example, as a resistive, capacitive, electrodynamic or piezoelectric sensor element for converting at least one physical measured variable (for example, pressure, temperature or volume or mass flow of a fluid) into at least one electrical (measurement) signal s1 (for example, a voltage signal or a current signal), wherein at least one signal parameter depends on the measured variable, in particular an electrical (signal) voltage and / or an electrical (signal) current.

[0061] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned measuring device (also Figure 3 and Figure 4 ) has an electronic measuring circuit 102 for processing at least one electrical (measurement) signal s1, for example, determining a measured value X representing at least one measured variable of a fluid measurement substance guided in the measuring device based on the (measurement) signal s1. M , and the first and second conductors of the connecting cable 1000 are electrically connected to the above-mentioned electronic measuring circuit 102 (of the measuring device) by means of respective first (conductor) ends 1011.1, 1012.1, for example, are also received by the above-mentioned feed-through element 1014, and are electrically connected to the above-mentioned electrical (component) element 101 by means of respective second (conductor) ends 1011.2, 1012.2, for example, so that also the second (conductor) end of the first conductor is electrically connected to the first (connection) electrode of the electrical (component) element 101, and the second (conductor) end of the second conductor is electrically connected to the second (connection) electrode of the electrical element 101. Also as Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As schematically shown in or easily apparent from their combination, the aforementioned measuring device 1 can also include, for example, a modular and / or (multiple) chambered (protective) housing 120, and the electrical (component) element 101, the measuring circuit 102 and the connecting cable 1000 can be arranged in the (protective) housing 120. According to another embodiment of the present invention, the (protective) housing 102 (of the measuring device) further includes at least one chamber 120.1 filled with an inert gas, for example, argon (Ar) and / or krypton (Kr), and the connecting cable runs at least partially in the same chamber.

[0062] According to another embodiment of the present invention, it is further provided that a (partial) section of the conductor 1011 located between the electrical (component) element 101 and the measuring circuit 102 and a (partial) section of the conductor 1012 located between the electrical (component) element 101 and the measuring circuit 102 are spaced apart from the wall of the (protective) housing 120, in particular such that the respective minimum distance between the wall of the (protective) housing 120 and the first conductor or the second conductor is not less than 1 mm, in particular greater than 2 mm. Alternatively or additionally, as Figure 3 or Figure 4 As schematically shown in FIG. 1 , (partial) sections of the first conductor and / or the second conductor can be run in a freely swinging manner, for example, at least within the chamber.

Claims

1. A connecting cable for the particularly high- and / or low-temperature-resistant electrical connection of an electrical (component) element, in particular a coil, a capacitor, a piezoelectric element, a (platinum) measuring resistor or another sensor element, which is particularly operated at least temporarily at a (nominal) maximum operating temperature of more than 350° C. (degrees Celsius) and / or at least temporarily at a (nominal) minimum operating temperature of less than -40° C. and / or is used as a sensor element, the connecting cable, in particular a 2-pole connecting cable, comprising: - a first conductor, the first conductor being made of a conductive material, i.e., made of metal; - a second conductor, the second conductor being made of an electrically conductive material, ie in particular of metal, the second conductor being in particular structurally identical to the first conductor; - and a plurality of connecting elements (1013.1, 1013.2, 1013.3, 1013.N), the plurality of connecting elements being in particular spherical or cylindrical and / or structurally identical, for mechanically and electrically insulating the first conductor and the second conductor, each connecting element being made of a material having an electrical breakdown strength of not less than 300 V / mm and a phase transition temperature of more than 400° C., in particular not less than 500° C., in particular glass or plastic, wherein each of the connecting elements is mechanically connected to both the first conductor and the second conductor, so that the first conductor and the second conductor are spaced apart from each other or electrically insulated to form a gap of not less than 1 The electrical insulation resistance.

2. A connecting cable according to any one of the preceding claims, - wherein the first conductor is made of a nickel-based alloy, in particular a nickel-iron alloy; and / or - in, The first conductive wire has a (conductor) diameter of not more than 1 mm, in particular not more than 0.5 mm, and / or not less than 0.05 mm, in particular not less than 0.1 mm; and / or - wherein the first conductor has a (conductor) length of not more than 200 mm, in particular not more than 150 mm, and / or not less than 50 mm, in particular not less than 70 mm.

3. A connecting cable according to any one of the preceding claims, - wherein the second conductor is made of a nickel-based alloy, in particular a nickel-iron alloy; and / or - in, The second wire has a (wire) diameter of not more than 1 mm, in particular not more than 0.5 mm, and / or not less than 0.05 mm, in particular not less than 0.1 mm; and / or - wherein the second conductor has a (conductor) length of not more than 200 mm, in particular not more than 150 mm, and / or not less than 50 mm, in particular not less than 70 mm.

4. A connecting cable according to any one of the preceding claims, - wherein one or more connecting elements each consist of, in particular, lead-free glass, in particular sealing glass; and / or - in, One or more connecting elements each consist of ceramic, in particular Al2O3; and / or - in, The one or more connecting elements each consist, in particular, of a semi-crystalline plastic, in particular polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyethersulfone (PES), polyetherimide (PEI) or polyamideimide (PAI); and / or - wherein, within the connection element, the respective minimum distance between the first conductor and the second conductor is not less than 1 mm (millimetre); and / or - wherein, in particular outside the connecting element, the minimum distance between the first conductor and the second conductor is greater than 1 mm, in particular not less than 1.5 mm; and / or - wherein no more than 3 connecting elements are arranged per 1 cm length (of the first conductor and the second conductor), in particular no more than 3 connecting elements are arranged per 50 mm length (of the first conductor and the second conductor); and / or - wherein no less than 2 connecting elements are arranged per 50 mm length (of the first conductor and the second conductor), in particular no less than 3 connecting elements are arranged per 50 mm length (of the first conductor and the second conductor); and / or - wherein the minimum distance between two adjacent connecting elements is not less than 1 mm and / or not more than 20 mm; and / or - wherein the minimum distance between two adjacent connecting elements is not less than 2 times the diameter of the first conductor and the second conductor and / or not more than 50 times the diameter of the first conductor and the second conductor; and / or - wherein the maximum distance between two adjacent connecting elements is not less than 1 mm and / or not more than 20 mm; and / or - wherein the maximum distance between two adjacent connecting elements is not less than 2 times the diameter of the first conductor and the second conductor and / or not more than 50 times the diameter of the first conductor and the second conductor; and / or - wherein a first (minimum) distance between a first pair of adjacent connecting elements (1013.1, 1013.N) is different from a second (minimum) distance between a second pair of adjacent connecting elements, in particular such that the first (minimum) distance is smaller than the second (minimum) distance by more than 5 mm; and / or - wherein the maximum length of one or more connecting elements is not less than 1 mm and / or not more than 30 mm; and / or - wherein the maximum diameter of one or more connecting elements is not less than 1 mm; and / or - wherein the mass of each of the connecting elements is less than 2 g (grams), in particular not more than 1 g; and / or - wherein the total mass of all connecting elements (of the connecting cable) is less than 10 g (grams), in particular not more than 5 g; and / or - wherein the first conductor and the second conductor are each embedded in the connecting element (1013), in particular melted (to form a molten bond); and / or - wherein the first conductive line, the second conductive line and the connecting element (1013) are each connected to each other by means of fusion bonding.

5. A connecting cable according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein The (minimum) breakdown voltage between the first conductive line and the second conductive line is not less than 200 V (volts), in particular not less than 500 V.

6. A connecting cable according to any one of the preceding claims, - in, at least one (partial) section of the first conductor extending between two adjacent connecting elements, in particular several or all (partial) sections extending between adjacent connecting elements, are not coated with an insulation made of solid insulating material or are designed as a (bare) overhead line; and / or - wherein at least one (partial) section of the second conductor extending between two adjacent connecting elements, in particular several or all (partial) sections extending between adjacent connecting elements, are not coated with an insulation made of solid insulating material or are designed as a (bare) overhead line, in particular such that the (partial) sections of the first conductor and the second conductor extending between two adjacent connecting elements themselves are not coated with solid insulating material or have no conductor insulation, and such that the (partial) sections are not coated with a common (insulating material) sheath, so that the connecting cable (1000) (except the connecting elements) is free of any solid insulating material in the region of the (partial) sections of the first conductor and the second conductor.

7. The connection cable according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising: A base body, the base body is made of a material having an electrical breakdown strength of not less than 300 V / mm and a phase transition temperature of more than 400° C., in particular not less than 500° C., in particular glass or plastic, and feed-through elements embedded in the base body, in particular each feed-through element is formed by means of a plug contact or a plug sleeve, the feed-through element has a first contact element and a second contact element, in particular is designed as a component of a (multi-pin) plug connection system with more than two contact elements, wherein the first wire is electrically connected to the first contact element via a first (wire) end, and the second wire is electrically connected to the second contact element via the first (wire) end, in particular by means of material bonding.

8. A connection cable according to the preceding claim, wherein The one or more connecting elements consist of the same material as the base body.

9. Use of a connection cable according to one of the preceding claims at an (operating) temperature of more than 350° C.; and / or Use of a connection cable according to one of the preceding claims at an (operating) temperature of less than −40° C.

10. A measuring device comprising: - an especially resistive, capacitive, electrodynamic or piezoelectric electrical component which is used as a sensor element for converting at least one physical measured variable into at least one electrical (measurement) signal, especially a voltage signal or a current signal, wherein at least one signal parameter depends on the measured variable, especially the electrical (signal) voltage and / or the electrical (signal) current; - an electronic measuring circuit for processing said at least one electrical (measurement) signal; - And a connecting cable according to any of the preceding claims.

11. The measuring device according to the preceding claim, wherein The first and second conductors of the connecting cable are electrically connected to the electronic measuring circuit by means of respective first (conductor) ends and are electrically connected to the electrical (component) element by means of respective second (conductor) ends, in particular such that the second (conductor) end of the first conductor is electrically connected to a first (connection) electrode of the electrical component and the second (conductor) end of the second conductor is electrically connected to a second (connection) electrode of the electrical (component) element.

12. The measuring device according to the preceding claim, further comprising: In particular, a modular and / or chambered (protective) housing, wherein the electrical (component) elements, the measuring circuit and the connecting cables are arranged within the (protective) housing.

13. The measuring device according to the preceding claim, - in, The connecting cable runs at least partially in a chamber of the (protective) housing which is filled with an inert gas, in particular argon and / or krypton; and / or - wherein a (partial) section of the first conductor located between the electrical (component) element and the measuring circuit, in particular running in a freely oscillating manner, and a (partial) section of the second conductor located between the electrical (component) element and the measuring circuit, in particular running in a freely oscillating manner, are spaced apart from a wall of the (protective) housing, in particular such that a respective minimum distance between the wall of the (protective) housing and the first conductor or the second conductor is not less than 1 mm, in particular greater than 2 mm.

14. Use of a measuring device according to any one of claims 10 to 13 for measuring a measured substance having at least temporarily a temperature (of the measured substance) of more than 350° C. and / or at least temporarily a temperature (of the measured substance) of less than −40° C. and / or for measuring at least one physical measured variable and / or chemical measured variable of a fluid measured substance.

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