Fireproof blanket and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a fireproof blanket and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of fireproof materials. A fireproof blanket comprises a first flame-retardant fiber blanket layer and a second flame-retardant fiber blanket layer which are respectively adhered to two surfaces of a self-adhesive fireproof layer. Both the first flame-retardant fiber blanket layer and the second flame-retardant fiber blanket layer can be silica cloth, basalt fiber cloth, aramid fiber cloth, carbon fiber cloth, acrylic fiber cloth, pre-oxidized fiber cloth or silicon titanium cloth. The self-adhesive fireproof layer is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 10-40 parts of a polymer matrix; 15-30 parts of a plasticizer; 3-20 parts of an intumescent filler; 15-30 parts of a flame-retardant filler; 15 to 40 parts of ceramic filler; and 2-10 parts of a reinforcing filler. The fiber blanket layer is made of high-temperature-resistant healthy cloth, and after the cloth is bonded to the two faces of the self-adhesive fireproof layer, the burnthrough resistance of the obtained fireproof blanket is further improved, the fireproof blanket can resist combustion of flames at the temperature of 1300-1500 DEG C and has good expansibility, and therefore the good heat insulation effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fireproof materials, and in particular to a fireproof blanket and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Fire blankets have a wide range of applications, the most common of which include: Home fire protection: can be used in the kitchen to deal with fires that may occur while cooking.

[0003] Industrial sites: such as chemical plants, gas stations, etc., used for initial fire fighting and personnel protection.

[0004] Automobile: As an on-board emergency fire-fighting equipment, it is used when a fire occurs in the vehicle.

[0005] Construction sites: ensuring fire safety at construction sites.

[0006] Commercial places: such as shopping malls, hotels, restaurants, etc., used for fire prevention and personnel evacuation in emergency situations.

[0007] Power facilities: used to protect power equipment and prevent the spread of fire.

[0008] Ships: It is one of the necessary fire-fighting equipment on ships.

[0009] At present, the common fire blanket products are as follows: Fiberglass fire blanket: Made of fiberglass, it is resistant to high temperature and corrosion.

[0010] Asbestos fire blanket: Once widely used, but due to the potential health hazards of asbestos, its use has gradually been restricted.

[0011] Silicone fire blanket: soft and has good fire resistance.

[0012] Ceramic fiber fire blanket: can withstand high temperatures and has good thermal insulation effect.

[0013] The above four types of fire blankets have the following problems: 1. Asbestos in asbestos fire blankets is potentially harmful to health and its use is restricted; 2. The long-term maximum use temperature of glass fiber fire blankets, silicone fire blankets and ceramic fiber fire blankets does not exceed 1000℃. For some fires with flame temperatures exceeding 1000℃, they cannot fully play a fireproof role; 3. Poor thermal insulation effect. Summary of the invention

[0014] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a healthy fire blanket which is soft, has good heat insulation and can withstand flames above 1000°C.

[0015] A fireproof blanket comprises a first flame-retardant fiber blanket layer, a self-adhesive fireproof layer and a second flame-retardant fiber blanket layer, wherein the self-adhesive fireproof layer in the middle respectively bonds the first flame-retardant fiber blanket layer and the second flame-retardant fiber blanket layer on both sides.

[0016] The first flame retardant fiber blanket layer is silica cloth, basalt fiber cloth, aramid fiber cloth, carbon fiber cloth, acrylic fiber cloth, pre-oxidized silk fiber cloth or silicon titanium cloth.

[0017] The second flame retardant fiber blanket layer is silica cloth, basalt fiber cloth, aramid fiber cloth, carbon fiber cloth, acrylic fiber cloth, pre-oxidized silk fiber cloth or silicon titanium cloth.

[0018] The self-adhesive fireproof layer is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 10-40 parts of polymer matrix; 15-30 parts of plasticizer; 3-20 parts of expandable filler; 15-30 parts of flame retardant filler; 15-40 parts of ceramic filler; 2-10 parts of reinforcing filler.

[0019] By adopting the above technical scheme, silicone cloth, basalt fiber cloth, aramid fiber cloth, carbon fiber cloth, acrylic fiber cloth, pre-oxidized silk fiber cloth, and silicon titanium cloth are all healthy cloths that are resistant to high temperatures. After the cloth is bonded to both sides of the self-adhesive fireproof layer in this application, the burn-through resistance of the fireproof blanket obtained is further improved, and it can withstand the burning of flames at 1300℃ to 1500℃, and has good expansion properties, thereby having a better heat insulation effect.

[0020] A preferred embodiment of the fire blanket is that the polymer matrix is ​​a composite of one or two of ethylene-propylene rubber, butyl rubber, chloroprene rubber, nitrile rubber, styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solutions, these polymers have good heat resistance, elasticity and chemical stability and can adapt to high temperature environments.

[0022] A preferred embodiment of the fire blanket is that the plasticizer is one or more of ester plasticizers, polyisobutylene, paraffin oil, and paraffin.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, these plasticizers can weaken the intermolecular effects of the polymer matrix and improve the plasticity of the polymer matrix. These plasticizers also have good high temperature resistance, so that the self-adhesive system has good flexibility, processability, high temperature resistance and expansion.

[0024] A preferred embodiment of the fire blanket is that the expandable filler is a mixture of one or more of vermiculite, perlite, hollow glass microspheres and expanded graphite, or a mixture of ammonium polyphosphate, melamine and pentaerythritol.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the expandable filler is applied to the self-adhesive system and can cause a large expansion ratio of the system at high temperature.

[0026] A preferred embodiment of the fire blanket is that the flame retardant filler is one or a mixture of several of aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, red phosphorus, ammonium polyphosphate, decabromodiphenyl ether, decabromodiphenyl ethane, tetrabromobisphenol A, chlorinated paraffin, etc.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, the flame retardant filler improves the flame retardancy of the self-adhesive system.

[0028] A preferred embodiment of the fire blanket is that the ceramic filler is one or a mixture of metakaolin, potassium feldspar, sodium feldspar, zinc borate, wollastonite, silica powder, and low-melting-point glass powder.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, the ceramic filler gives the self-adhesive system excellent acid and alkali resistance and heat resistance.

[0030] A preferred embodiment of the fire blanket is that the reinforcing filler is one or a mixture of talcum powder, clay, calcium carbonate, carbon black and white carbon black.

[0031] By adopting the above technical solution, the reinforcing filler improves the tearing strength and tensile strength of the self-adhesive system.

[0032] A preferred embodiment of the fire blanket is that the first flame retardant fiber blanket layer and the second flame retardant fiber blanket layer are both silicon titanium cloth; the polymer matrix is ​​butyl rubber, and the butyl rubber Mooney viscosity [ML (1+8), 125°C] is 50-60; the plasticizer is polyisobutylene, and the polyisobutylene is a compound of polyisobutylene with an average molecular weight of 2500-2900 and polyisobutylene with an average molecular weight of 1100-1500, and the mass ratio is 1: (1.1-1.3); the expandable filler is expanded graphite, and the mesh number is preferably 60-100 mesh; the flame retardant filler is aluminum hydroxide, and the particle size (D50) of aluminum hydroxide is preferably 1.5-2μm; the ceramic filler is metakaolin; and the reinforcing filler is white carbon black.

[0033] Calculated by mass, the formula of the self-adhesive fireproof layer is as follows:

[0034] By adopting the above technical solution, polyisobutylene with an average molecular weight of 2500-2900 has high tensile strength but poor fluidity, and polyisobutylene with an average molecular weight of 1100-1500 has low tensile strength but good fluidity. The combination of the two improves the processing performance of the self-adhesive system and increases the expansion rate of the system. The self-adhesive fireproof layer prepared by the above formula components has good high temperature resistance, large expansion ratio and high softness.

[0035] A preferred embodiment of the fire blanket is that the first flame retardant fiber blanket layer and the second flame retardant fiber blanket layer are both silicone cloth; the polymer matrix is ​​butyl rubber, and the butyl rubber Mooney viscosity [ML (1+8), 125°C] is 50-60; the plasticizer is polyisobutylene, and the average molecular weight of the polyisobutylene is 1100-1500; the expandable filler is a compound of ammonium polyphosphate, melamine and pentaerythritol, and the compounding mass ratio is (2.5-3.5):(0.9-1.1):1; the flame retardant filler is magnesium hydroxide, and the particle size (D50) of magnesium hydroxide is preferably 0.8-1.6μm; the ceramic filler is low-melting point glass powder, the melting point of the low-melting point glass powder is 450-550°C, and the particle size of the low-melting point glass powder is preferably 1-10μm; the reinforcing filler is clay.

[0036] The self-adhesive fireproof layer is made of the following components in parts by mass:

[0037] By adopting the above technical solution, the polyisobutylene with an average molecular weight of 1100-1500 has good fluidity, improves the dispersibility of butyl rubber, and improves the dispersibility of the compound of ammonium polyphosphate, melamine and pentaerythritol. The self-adhesive fireproof layer prepared by the above components has good fireproof performance, good softness and high expansion ratio.

[0038] A method for preparing the fireproof blanket as described above comprises weighing each component according to the formula of the self-adhesive fireproof layer, kneading them in a kneader to obtain a uniform rubber compound.

[0039] The obtained rubber material is extruded into a sheet, and the sheet is composited with the first flame retardant fiber blanket layer and the second flame retardant fiber blanket layer and rolled up to obtain a finished product, and the thickness of the finished product is 0.5-5 mm.

[0040] By adopting the above technical solution, the method for preparing a fire blanket of the present application is simple, and the prepared fire blanket is resistant to burn-through, soft, has a high expansion ratio, and has good thermal insulation.

[0041] In summary, the fire blanket of the present application and its preparation method have the following beneficial effects: Silica cloth, basalt fiber cloth, aramid fiber cloth, carbon fiber cloth, acrylic fiber cloth, pre-oxidized silk fiber cloth, and silicon titanium cloth are all healthy cloths that are resistant to high temperatures. After the cloth is bonded to both sides of the self-adhesive fireproof layer, the fire blanket obtained has further improved burn-through resistance, can withstand the burning of flames at 1300℃ to 1500℃, and has good expansion properties, thus having a good heat insulation effect. Compared with a single-layer fire blanket, the fire blanket of the present application has better fire resistance and a higher expansion ratio, and thus better heat insulation performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 This is the structural diagram of the fire blanket.

[0043] Figure 2 This is an image of the fire blanket prepared in Example 1 after undergoing a fire test.

[0044] Figure 3 This is an image of pure silicon titanium cloth after fire testing.

[0045] Figure 4 This is an image of the fire blanket prepared in Example 2 after undergoing a fire test.

[0046] Figure 5 This is an image of pure silicone cloth after fire testing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The technical solutions in the embodiments will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the following embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0048] Example 1 refer to Figure 1 A fireproof blanket comprises a first flame-retardant fiber blanket layer, a self-adhesive fireproof layer and a second flame-retardant fiber blanket layer, wherein the self-adhesive fireproof layer in the middle respectively bonds the first flame-retardant fiber blanket layer and the second flame-retardant fiber blanket layer on both sides.

[0049] The first flame retardant fiber blanket layer is silicon titanium cloth, and the thickness of the silicon titanium cloth is 0.5 mm.

[0050] The second flame retardant fiber blanket layer is silicon titanium cloth, and the thickness of the silicon titanium cloth is 0.5 mm.

[0051] The components for preparing the self-adhesive fireproof layer are: a polymer matrix, a plasticizer, an expansion filler, a flame retardant filler, a ceramic filler, and a reinforcing filler.

[0052] Among them, the polymer matrix is ​​butyl rubber, and the Mooney viscosity [ML (1+8), 125°C] of the butyl rubber is 56; the plasticizer is polyisobutylene, and the polyisobutylene is a compound of polyisobutylene with an average molecular weight of 2700 and polyisobutylene with an average molecular weight of 1300, and the mass ratio is 1:1.2; the expandable filler is expanded graphite with a mesh size of 80 meshes; the flame retardant filler is aluminum hydroxide with a particle size (D50) of 1.7 μm; the ceramic filler is metakaolin; and the reinforcing filler is white carbon black.

[0053] Specifically, the self-adhesive fireproof layer is made of the following components in parts by mass:

[0054] According to the formula of the above self-adhesive fireproof layer, each component is weighed separately, and kneaded in a kneader to obtain a uniform rubber material.

[0055] The obtained rubber material is extruded into a sheet to obtain a self-adhesive fireproof layer, the thickness of which is 1 mm. Silicon titanium cloth is compounded on the upper and lower surfaces of the self-adhesive fireproof layer to obtain a finished fireproof blanket, the total thickness of which is 2 mm.

[0056] Example 2 A fireproof blanket comprises a first flame-retardant fiber blanket layer, a self-adhesive fireproof layer and a second flame-retardant fiber blanket layer, wherein the self-adhesive fireproof layer in the middle respectively bonds the first flame-retardant fiber blanket layer and the second flame-retardant fiber blanket layer on both sides.

[0057] The first flame retardant fiber blanket layer is silicone cloth, and the thickness of the silicone cloth is 0.8 mm.

[0058] The second flame retardant fiber blanket layer is silicone cloth, and the thickness of the silicone cloth is 0.8 mm.

[0059] The components for preparing the self-adhesive fireproof layer are: a polymer matrix, a plasticizer, an expansion filler, a flame retardant filler, a ceramic filler, and a reinforcing filler.

[0060] Among them, the polymer matrix is ​​butyl rubber, and the Mooney viscosity [ML(1+8), 125°C] of the butyl rubber is 56; the plasticizer is polyisobutylene, and the average molecular weight of the polyisobutylene is 1300; the expandable filler is a compound of ammonium polyphosphate, melamine and pentaerythritol, and the compounding mass ratio is 3:1:1; the flame retardant filler is magnesium hydroxide, and the particle size (D50) is 1.2μm; the ceramic filler is low-melting point glass powder, and the particle size of the low-melting point glass powder is 1-10μm and the melting point is 500°C; the reinforcing filler is clay.

[0061] Specifically, the self-adhesive fireproof layer is made of the following components in parts by mass:

[0062] According to the formula of the above self-adhesive fireproof layer, each component is weighed separately, and kneaded in a kneader to obtain a uniform rubber material.

[0063] The obtained rubber material was extruded into a sheet to obtain a self-adhesive fireproof layer, the thickness of which was 0.6 mm. Silicone cloth was compounded on the upper and lower surfaces of the self-adhesive fireproof layer to obtain a finished fireproof blanket, the total thickness of which was 2.2 mm.

[0064] Example 3 A fireproof blanket comprises a first flame-retardant fiber blanket layer, a self-adhesive fireproof layer and a second flame-retardant fiber blanket layer, wherein the self-adhesive fireproof layer in the middle respectively bonds the first flame-retardant fiber blanket layer and the second flame-retardant fiber blanket layer on both sides.

[0065] The first flame retardant fiber blanket layer is silicon titanium cloth, and the thickness of the silicon titanium cloth is 0.5 mm.

[0066] The second flame retardant fiber blanket layer is silicone cloth, and the thickness of the silicone cloth is 0.8 mm.

[0067] The components for preparing the self-adhesive fireproof layer are: a polymer matrix, a plasticizer, an expansion filler, a flame retardant filler, a ceramic filler, and a reinforcing filler.

[0068] Among them, the polymer matrix is ​​butyl rubber, and the Mooney viscosity [ML(1+8), 125°C] of the butyl rubber is 56; the plasticizer is polyisobutylene, and the average molecular weight of the polyisobutylene is 1300; the expandable filler is a compound of ammonium polyphosphate, melamine and pentaerythritol, and the compounding mass ratio is 3:1:1; the flame retardant filler is magnesium hydroxide, and the particle size (D50) is 1.2μm; the ceramic filler is low-melting point glass powder, and the particle size of the low-melting point glass powder is 1-10μm and the melting point is 500°C; the reinforcing filler is clay.

[0069] Specifically, the self-adhesive fireproof layer is made of the following components in parts by mass:

[0070] According to the formula of the above self-adhesive fireproof layer, each component is weighed separately, and kneaded in a kneader to obtain a uniform rubber material.

[0071] The obtained rubber material is extruded into a sheet to obtain a self-adhesive fireproof layer, the thickness of which is 0.6 mm. Silicon titanium cloth and silicone cloth are respectively compounded on the upper and lower surfaces of the self-adhesive fireproof layer to obtain a finished fireproof blanket, the total thickness of which is 1.9 mm.

[0072] Example 4 A fireproof blanket comprises a first flame-retardant fiber blanket layer, a self-adhesive fireproof layer and a second flame-retardant fiber blanket layer, wherein the self-adhesive fireproof layer in the middle respectively bonds the first flame-retardant fiber blanket layer and the second flame-retardant fiber blanket layer on both sides.

[0073] The first flame-retardant fiber blanket layer is basalt fiber cloth, and the thickness of the basalt fiber cloth is 0.6 mm.

[0074] The second flame retardant fiber blanket layer is basalt fiber cloth, and the thickness of the basalt fiber cloth is 0.6 mm.

[0075] The components for preparing the self-adhesive fireproof layer are: a polymer matrix, a plasticizer, an expansion filler, a flame retardant filler, a ceramic filler, and a reinforcing filler.

[0076] Among them, the polymer matrix is ​​ethylene propylene rubber, and the Mooney viscosity [ML (1+8), 125°C] of the ethylene propylene rubber is 58; the plasticizer is tricresyl phosphate, and the average molecular weight of the tricresyl phosphate is 368; the expandable filler is vermiculite, and the mesh number is 80 mesh; the flame retardant filler is red phosphorus, and the particle size (D50) is 12μm; the ceramic filler is potassium feldspar; and the reinforcing filler is talcum powder.

[0077] Specifically, the self-adhesive fireproof layer is made of the following components in parts by mass:

[0078] According to the formula of the above self-adhesive fireproof layer, each component is weighed separately, and kneaded in a kneader to obtain a uniform rubber material.

[0079] The obtained rubber material is extruded into a sheet to obtain a self-adhesive fireproof layer, the thickness of which is 1 mm. Basalt fiber cloth is respectively compounded on the upper and lower surfaces of the self-adhesive fireproof layer to obtain a finished fireproof blanket, the total thickness of which is 2.2 mm.

[0080] Example 5 A fireproof blanket comprises a first flame-retardant fiber blanket layer, a self-adhesive fireproof layer and a second flame-retardant fiber blanket layer, wherein the self-adhesive fireproof layer in the middle respectively bonds the first flame-retardant fiber blanket layer and the second flame-retardant fiber blanket layer on both sides.

[0081] The first flame-retardant fiber blanket layer is aramid fiber cloth, and the thickness of the aramid fiber cloth is 0.7 mm.

[0082] The second flame retardant fiber blanket layer is pre-oxidized silk fiber cloth, and the thickness of the pre-oxidized silk fiber cloth is 0.7 mm.

[0083] The components for preparing the self-adhesive fireproof layer are: a polymer matrix, a plasticizer, an expansion filler, a flame retardant filler, a ceramic filler, and a reinforcing filler.

[0084] Among them, the polymer matrix is ​​nitrile rubber, the Mooney viscosity [ML(1+4), 100°C] of the nitrile rubber is 70; the plasticizer is paraffin oil; the expandable filler is perlite, with a mesh size of 80 meshes; the flame retardant filler is ammonium polyphosphate, with a particle size (D50) of 8μm; the ceramic filler is zinc borate; and the reinforcing filler is calcium carbonate.

[0085] Specifically, the self-adhesive fireproof layer is made of the following components in parts by mass:

[0086] According to the formula of the above self-adhesive fireproof layer, each component is weighed separately, and kneaded in a kneader to obtain a uniform rubber material.

[0087] The obtained rubber compound was extruded into a sheet to obtain a self-adhesive fireproof layer, the thickness of which was 1 mm. Aramid fiber cloth and pre-oxidized silk fiber cloth were respectively compounded on the upper and lower surfaces of the self-adhesive fireproof layer to obtain a finished fireproof blanket, the total thickness of which was 2.4 mm.

[0088] Example 6 A fireproof blanket comprises a first flame-retardant fiber blanket layer, a self-adhesive fireproof layer and a second flame-retardant fiber blanket layer, wherein the self-adhesive fireproof layer in the middle respectively bonds the first flame-retardant fiber blanket layer and the second flame-retardant fiber blanket layer on both sides.

[0089] The first flame retardant fiber blanket layer is carbon fiber cloth, and the thickness of the carbon fiber cloth is 0.5 mm.

[0090] The second flame-retardant fiber blanket layer is acrylic fiber cloth, and the thickness of the acrylic fiber cloth is 0.5 mm.

[0091] The components for preparing the self-adhesive fireproof layer are: a polymer matrix, a plasticizer, an expansion filler, a flame retardant filler, a ceramic filler, and a reinforcing filler.

[0092] Among them, the polymer matrix is ​​styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, and the Mooney viscosity [ML(1+8), 125°C] of the styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer is 60; the plasticizer is paraffin, and the average molecular weight of the paraffin is 300; the expandable filler is hollow glass microspheres with a mesh size of 80 meshes; the flame retardant filler is decabromodiphenyl ether with a particle size (D50) of 3μm; the ceramic filler is wollastonite; and the reinforcing filler is carbon black.

[0093] Specifically, the self-adhesive fireproof layer is made of the following components in parts by mass:

[0094] According to the formula of the above self-adhesive fireproof layer, each component is weighed separately, and kneaded in a kneader to obtain a uniform rubber material.

[0095] The obtained rubber material is extruded into a sheet to obtain a self-adhesive fireproof layer, and the thickness of the self-adhesive fireproof layer is 1 mm. Carbon fiber cloth and acrylic fiber cloth are respectively compounded on the upper and lower surfaces of the self-adhesive fireproof layer to obtain a finished fireproof blanket, and the total thickness of the finished product is 2 mm.

[0096] Test Example 1 The fire blankets prepared in Examples 1 to 6 were subjected to a performance comparison test with the silicon titanium cloth, silica cloth, basalt fiber cloth, aramid fiber cloth, pre-oxidized silk fiber cloth, carbon fiber cloth and acrylic fiber cloth used in each example. The test method is as follows: (1) Fire test: Fix a 25*25 cm sample (the fire blanket of each embodiment and the above-mentioned single fabric) on a bracket with a clamp, burn the sample surface with a butane spray gun with a flame temperature of 1300° C. to 1500° C. for 20 min, and observe whether the sample is burned through.

[0097] (2) Softness: Fold the sample 180 degrees and observe whether there are cracks or cracks at the fold.

[0098] (3) Expansion ratio: Referring to GB 23864-2023, cut the fire blanket into three test pieces with a diameter of φ48mm to φ50mm, and place them in three steel containers with an inner diameter of φ50mm and a height of 50mm. Use a steel ruler to measure the height of the test piece before expansion, and then place the steel container containing the test piece in a resistance furnace at a temperature of 540±10℃, keep the temperature constant for 30 minutes, take it out, and after cooling, measure the height of the test piece after expansion (if the surface of the test piece after expansion is uneven, test multiple points and take the average value). The ratio of the height of the test piece after expansion to the height before expansion is the expansion ratio of the material.

[0099] The test results of the above items are shown in Table 1.

[0100] Table 1 Comparative test results of each sample performance After testing, the fire blankets prepared in Examples 1 to 6 were soft and bendable, and did not crack when folded in half. Under the combustion of butane flame, the fire blankets did not burn through within 20 minutes, and had excellent heat insulation and fireproofing effects. Pure silicon titanium cloth, silicon oxide cloth, aramid fiber cloth, pre-oxidized silk fiber cloth and acrylic fiber cloth burned through within 3 minutes and lost their fireproofing effects. Pure basalt fiber cloth and carbon fiber cloth burned through within 10 minutes, and their fireproofing effects were not strong enough. Figure 2 This is an image of the fire blanket prepared in Example 1 after the fire test. The silicon titanium cloth is carbonized and adhered by the self-adhesive fireproof layer without being burned through. Figure 3 This is an image of pure silicon titanium cloth after fire testing, which was burned through. Figure 4 This is an image of the fire blanket prepared in Example 2 after the fire test. The silicone cloth is carbonized and adhered to the self-adhesive fireproof layer without being burned through. Figure 5 This is an image of pure silicone cloth after a fire test, where it was burned through.

[0101] The expansion ratio of the fire blanket prepared in Example 1 and Example 2 reaches more than 240%, and it responds quickly in the case of fire and quickly plays a role of heat insulation.

[0102] After the double-layer fireproof cloth is bonded in Examples 1 to 6, the fireproof performance of the fireproof blanket is significantly enhanced. If only a single-layer thicker fireproof cloth is used, its hardness is large, which is not conducive to close protection, and the single-layer thicker fireproof cloth has no expansion and poor thermal insulation effect, thus limiting its application. Therefore, the fireproof blanket prepared in Examples 1 to 6 by bonding the flame-retardant fiber blanket layer on both sides of the self-adhesive fireproof layer has good fireproof performance, good softness and a high expansion ratio, and thus has good thermal insulation performance, good close protection effect, and is conducive to promotion and application.

[0103] Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A fire blanket, characterized in that: It comprises a first flame-retardant fiber blanket layer, a self-adhesive fireproof layer and a second flame-retardant fiber blanket layer, wherein the self-adhesive fireproof layer in the middle respectively bonds the first flame-retardant fiber blanket layer and the second flame-retardant fiber blanket layer on both sides; The first flame retardant fiber blanket layer is silica cloth, basalt fiber cloth, aramid fiber cloth, carbon fiber cloth, acrylic fiber cloth, pre-oxidized silk fiber cloth or silicon titanium cloth; The second flame retardant fiber blanket layer is silica cloth, basalt fiber cloth, aramid fiber cloth, carbon fiber cloth, acrylic fiber cloth, pre-oxidized silk fiber cloth or silicon titanium cloth; The self-adhesive fireproof layer is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 10-40 parts of polymer matrix; 15-30 parts of plasticizer; 3-20 parts of expandable filler; 15-30 parts of flame retardant filler; 15-40 parts of ceramic filler; 2-10 parts of reinforcing filler.

2. The fire blanket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polymer matrix is ​​a compound of one or two of ethylene-propylene rubber, butyl rubber, chloroprene rubber, nitrile rubber, styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer, and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.

3. The fire blanket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plasticizer is one or more of ester plasticizer, polyisobutylene, paraffin oil and paraffin.

4. The fire blanket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expandable filler is a mixture of one or more of vermiculite, perlite, hollow glass microspheres and expanded graphite, or a mixture of ammonium polyphosphate, melamine and pentaerythritol.

5. The fire blanket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame retardant filler is one or a mixture of aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, red phosphorus, ammonium polyphosphate, decabromodiphenyl ether, decabromodiphenyl ethane, tetrabromobisphenol A, chlorinated paraffin, etc.

6. The fire blanket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ceramic filler is one or a mixture of metakaolin, potassium feldspar, sodium feldspar, zinc borate, wollastonite, silica powder, and low-melting-point glass powder.

7. The fire blanket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforcing filler is one or a mixture of talcum powder, clay, calcium carbonate, carbon black and white carbon black.

8. The fire blanket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first flame-retardant fiber blanket layer and the second flame-retardant fiber blanket layer are both silicon titanium cloth; the polymer matrix is ​​butyl rubber, and the butyl rubber Mooney viscosity [ML (1+8), 125°C] is 50-60; the plasticizer is polyisobutylene, and the polyisobutylene is a compound of polyisobutylene with an average molecular weight of 2500-2900 and polyisobutylene with an average molecular weight of 1100-1500, and the mass ratio is 1: (1.1-1.3); the expandable filler is expanded graphite; the flame-retardant filler is aluminum hydroxide; the ceramic filler is metakaolin; and the reinforcing filler is white carbon black; Calculated by mass, the formula of the self-adhesive fireproof layer is as follows: Butyl rubber 18-22 parts; 22-26 parts of polyisobutylene; Expanded graphite 6-10 parts; 18-22 parts of aluminum hydroxide; 20-24 parts of metakaolin; 4~8 parts of white carbon black.

9. The fire blanket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first flame retardant fiber blanket layer and the second flame retardant fiber blanket layer are both silicone cloth; the polymer matrix is ​​butyl rubber, and the butyl rubber Mooney viscosity [ML (1+8), 125°C] is 50-60; the plasticizer is polyisobutylene, and the average molecular weight of the polyisobutylene is 1100-1500; the intumescent filler is a compound of ammonium polyphosphate, melamine and pentaerythritol, and the compounding mass ratio is (2.5-3.5): (0.9-1.1): 1; the flame retardant filler is magnesium hydroxide; the ceramic filler is low-melting point glass powder, and the melting point of the low-melting point glass powder is 450-550°C; the reinforcing filler is clay; The self-adhesive fireproof layer is made of the following components in parts by mass: Butyl rubber 18-22 parts; 16-20 parts of polyisobutylene; 12 parts of ammonium polyphosphate; 4 parts of melamine; 4 parts of pentaerythritol; 16-20 parts of magnesium hydroxide; 16~20 parts of low melting point glass powder; 4~8 parts of clay.

10. A method for preparing a fire blanket according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Weigh each component according to the formula of the self-adhesive fireproof layer, and knead them in a kneader to obtain a uniform rubber material; The obtained rubber material is extruded into a sheet, and is rolled up together with the first flame retardant fiber blanket layer and the second flame retardant fiber blanket layer to obtain a finished product, and the thickness of the finished product is 0.5-5 mm.

Images