A processing method and fixture

Abstract

A processing method and a fixture for fixing a workpiece are disclosed. The fixture includes: a base with a fixing part and a mounting surface. The fixing part is used to fix the base to the guide rail of a machine tool. The mounting surface is located on the side of the base away from the guide rail and is parallel to the plane of the guide rail. Fixing mechanisms are arranged in pairs on the base. A first plane of one workpiece is in contact with the mounting surface. When the second planes of the pair of workpieces face away from the mounting surface, the pair of fixing mechanisms are located at positions corresponding to the pair of second planes. Each fixing mechanism includes a screw, a nut, and a pressure plate. The screw is vertically disposed on the mounting surface, the pressure plate passes through the screw, and the nut is located on the side of the pressure plate away from the mounting surface and is threadedly connected to the screw. The pressure plate has a third plane at the end facing the workpiece. When the nut is rotated to move the pressure plate toward the mounting surface to a first predetermined position, the third plane is in contact with the second plane.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of parts processing technology, and in particular to a processing method and fixture. Background Technology

[0002] When machining planes on a hexahedron, the common practice is to machine two planes at a time, or to machine the perpendicular planes first and then continue machining the other planes while ensuring the two perpendicular planes are still perpendicular. However, this method places high demands on the perpendicularity of the fixture itself, and clamping and positioning errors can easily occur during multiple clamping and positioning processes, thus affecting the perpendicularity and parallelism accuracy of the part, and consequently directly determining the dimensional accuracy of the part. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a machining method and fixture that can improve machining efficiency and accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, this application provides a processing method and fixture that can improve processing efficiency and processing accuracy.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of this application provides a processing method for processing a workpiece, the workpiece being a hexahedron having two pairs of mutually parallel first planes and a pair of mutually inclined second planes, the workpiece being trapezoidal when viewed from one side, and a cuboid groove being provided on the first planes away from each other of the two second planes, one end of the groove forming an opening on one of the first planes, and the other end forming a fourth plane on the workpiece; the processing method includes:

[0005] The fixture is installed on the transverse guide rail of the machine tool; the fixture includes a base, a fixing part and a mounting surface are provided on the base, the fixing part is detachably connected to the guide rail, and the mounting surface is located on the side of the base away from the guide rail and is parallel to the plane where the guide rail is located;

[0006] Determine the origin; a positioning block is provided on the mounting surface. The size of the positioning block is smaller than that of the groove, and a fifth plane is provided on one side corresponding to the fourth plane. The positioning block is square when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the mounting surface. The center of the positioning block is found according to the four sides of the square, and the center is determined as the origin.

[0007] The fixture also includes a slider and a pressure plate. The pressure plate is located on the side facing the fifth plane and is slidably connected to the base along the orientation of the fifth plane. The first planes of the two second planes of the workpiece, which are far apart from each other, are attached to the mounting surface, so that the groove encloses the positioning block. The slider is controlled to slide and push the workpiece, so that the fourth plane is attached to the fifth plane. The pressure plates are arranged in pairs on both sides of the positioning block and are slidably connected to the base along the vertical direction of the mounting surface. The paired pressure plates are respectively provided with inclined third planes at corresponding positions on the two second planes. The pressure plates are driven to move toward the mounting surface, so that the third plane is attached to the second plane, and the workpiece is fixed on the fixture.

[0008] The cutting tools of the machine tool are controlled to machine the three first planes exposed on the workpiece.

[0009] As described above, the workpiece can be positioned using locating blocks and pressed and fixed onto the mounting surface using pressure plates, exposing the three first planes of the workpiece. Therefore, machining of the three first planes can be completed in a single clamping and fixing process, reducing operational difficulty, minimizing operational steps, improving machining efficiency, and shortening the workpiece machining cycle. Furthermore, reducing the number of clamping operations also reduces the impact of clamping errors on machining accuracy. After a single clamping, the machine tool's precision ensures the parallelism and perpendicularity of the three first planes, thereby improving the machining accuracy of the workpiece.

[0010] As one possible implementation of the first aspect, the machining method further includes: setting at least one of the said cutting tools on the machine tool before machining.

[0011] As mentioned above, by setting the tool before machining, the machining accuracy can be improved.

[0012] A second aspect of this application provides a fixture for fixing a workpiece, the workpiece being a hexahedron having two pairs of parallel first planes and a pair of inclined second planes, the workpiece being trapezoidal when viewed from one side; the fixture includes: a base, the base having a fixing part and a mounting surface, the fixing part being used to fix the base to a guide rail of a machine tool, the mounting surface being located on the side of the base away from the guide rail and parallel to the plane of the guide rail; a fixing mechanism, the fixing mechanism being disposed on the base, the fixing mechanism being arranged in pairs, the first planes of the two second planes being away from each other at one end being in contact with the mounting surface, the pair of fixing mechanisms being located at positions corresponding to the pair of second planes when the pair of second planes are facing away from the mounting surface; the fixing mechanism includes a screw, a nut, and a pressure plate, the screw being vertically disposed on the mounting surface, the pressure plate passing through the screw, the nut being located on the side of the pressure plate away from the mounting surface and threadedly connected to the screw; the pressure plate having a third plane at the end facing the workpiece, when the nut is rotated to move the pressure plate toward the mounting surface to a first predetermined position, the third plane being in contact with the second plane.

[0013] As described above, after fixing the base to the machine tool's guide rail, the pressure plate can be moved towards the mounting surface by rotating the nut, causing the third plane to align with the second plane, thus pressing and fixing the workpiece firmly onto the mounting surface. This allows one first plane to be tightly fixed to the mounting surface, exposing all three first planes, enabling the machine tool to machine them. In other words, three surfaces can be machined in a single setup, reducing operational difficulty, minimizing steps, increasing processing efficiency, and shortening the workpiece's processing cycle. Furthermore, reducing the number of setups also reduces the impact of setup errors on machining accuracy. After a single setup, the machine tool's precision ensures the parallelism and perpendicularity of the three first planes, thereby improving the workpiece's machining accuracy.

[0014] As a possible implementation of the second aspect, the fixing mechanism further includes: a guide post, which is vertically disposed on the mounting surface, and the pressure plate passes through the guide post and is slidably connected to the guide post.

[0015] As described above, by vertically setting guide posts on the mounting surface, the pressure plate is slidably connected to the guide posts, thus guiding the movement direction of the pressure plate when the nut pushes it towards the mounting surface. This improves the stability of the pressure plate, thereby enhancing the stability of clamping and fixing the workpiece, and ultimately improving the machining accuracy of the workpiece.

[0016] As a possible implementation of the second aspect, the fixing mechanism further includes a support column disposed on the pressure plate, wherein when the nut pushes the pressure plate toward the mounting surface to the first predetermined position, the support column abuts against the mounting surface.

[0017] As described above, by setting up support columns, when the nut pushes the pressure plate towards the mounting surface to the first predetermined position, i.e., when the third plane is in contact with the second plane and the workpiece is pressed and fixed on the mounting surface, the support columns can support the pressure plate, thereby ensuring that the workpiece remains parallel to the third mounting surface and that the third plane remains in contact with the second plane during the tightening process of the nut. This improves the stability of the pressure plate, thereby improving the stability of pressing and fixing the workpiece, and ultimately improving the machining accuracy of the workpiece.

[0018] As one possible implementation of the second aspect, the screw is located at one end of the pressure plate near the third plane, the guide post is located in the middle of the pressure plate, and the support post is located at one end away from the third plane.

[0019] As described above, by positioning the screw closer to the third plane, the thrust of the nut on the pressure plate is directed towards the third plane. This brings the thrust closer to the force between the third and second planes, improving the stability of the pressure plate and consequently the stability of the workpiece clamping, thus enhancing the workpiece's machining accuracy. Furthermore, by positioning the support post further away from the third plane, it is positioned away from the screw, improving the parallelism between the pressure plate and the mounting surface when the third and second planes are in contact. This enhances the fit between the third and second planes when the nut pushes the pressure plate, further improving the stability of the pressure plate and the workpiece clamping, thus improving the workpiece's machining accuracy.

[0020] As one possible implementation of the second aspect, the support column is threadedly connected to the pressure plate.

[0021] As described above, by threading the support column to the pressure plate, the length of the support column extending from the pressure plate toward the mounting surface can be adjusted. This allows the fixture to be adapted to workpieces of different sizes and models, thus improving its adaptability.

[0022] As a possible implementation of the second aspect, the fixture further includes a positioning mechanism for positioning the workpiece at a second predetermined position.

[0023] As described above, the workpiece is positioned at a second predetermined position by the positioning mechanism, which facilitates workpiece positioning during workpiece replacement. This improves machining accuracy, reduces operational difficulty, decreases operational steps, increases machining efficiency, and shortens the workpiece machining cycle.

[0024] As a possible implementation of the second aspect, a cuboid groove is provided on the first plane that is far apart from the two second planes at one end. One end of the groove has an opening on one of the first planes, and the other end has a fourth plane on the workpiece. The positioning mechanism includes a positioning block disposed on the mounting surface. The size of the mounting surface is smaller than the groove. When the workpiece is located in the second predetermined position, the positioning block abuts against the fourth plane.

[0025] As described above, the workpiece can be positioned by the cooperation between the positioning block and the fourth plane, thus quickly fixing the workpiece in the second predetermined position. This reduces operational difficulty, decreases the number of steps, improves processing efficiency, and shortens the workpiece processing cycle.

[0026] As a possible implementation of the second aspect, the positioning mechanism further includes a slider, which is disposed on the base at a position corresponding to the workpiece, located on the side of the workpiece away from the opening, and slides along the extension direction of the groove.

[0027] As described above, by controlling the slider to slide on the mounting surface, the workpiece can be moved on the mounting surface, causing the fourth plane to abut against the positioning hole, thereby achieving workpiece positioning. This reduces the operational difficulty of workpiece positioning, decreases the number of operation steps, improves processing efficiency, and shortens the workpiece processing cycle.

[0028] As a possible implementation of the second aspect, the base is further provided with a plurality of positioning keys on the side facing away from the mounting surface. The positioning keys are adapted to the mounting groove of the machine tool guide rail. After the positioning keys are inserted into the mounting groove, the positioning block is placed in a third predetermined position.

[0029] As described above, by setting a positioning element on the base, the position of the base can be determined, placing the positioning block in the third predetermined position. This improves the positional accuracy of the workpiece positioned by the positioning block, thereby enhancing the workpiece's machining accuracy. Furthermore, using a positioning key to position the base reduces the operational difficulty of base positioning, decreases the number of steps, increases machining efficiency, and shortens the workpiece's machining cycle.

[0030] These and other aspects of the invention will become more apparent from the following description of several embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0031] The various features of the present invention and the relationships between them are further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are exemplary; some features are not shown to scale, and some drawings may omit conventional features in the field of this application that are not essential to this application, or additional features that are not essential to this application may be shown. The combination of features shown in the drawings is not intended to limit the present application. Furthermore, throughout this specification, the same reference numerals refer to the same things. Specific descriptions of the drawings are as follows:

[0032] Figure 1 These are the three views of the workpiece in this application;

[0033] Figure 2 One of the structural diagrams for fixing a workpiece using a machining vise;

[0034] Figure 3 The second structural diagram for fixing a workpiece using a machined flat-jaw vise;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a top orthographic projection of the fixture in this application;

[0036] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the central clamp in the BB direction;

[0037] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Orthographic projection structural diagram of the intermediate pressure plate in two directions;

[0038] Figure 7 for Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the central clamp in the CC direction;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a flowchart of the processing method in this application.

[0040] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0041] 10 Workpiece; 11 Groove; 12 Opening; 20 Machining flat-jaw vise; 21 Guide rail; 22 Fixed jaw; 23 Movable jaw; 30 Shim; 40 Fixture; 100 Base; 110 Fixed seat; 111 Fixed part; 112 Positioning key; 120 Mounting seat; 121 Mounting surface; 200 Fixing mechanism; 210 Pressure plate; 220 Screw; 230 Nut; 240 Guide post; 250 Support post; 300 Positioning mechanism; 310 Positioning block; 320 Guide body; 330 Slider; 340 Handle; 50 Machining method. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The terms "first, second, third, etc." or similar terms such as module A, module B, module C, etc., used in the specification and claims are only used to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific ordering of objects. It is understood that a specific order or sequence may be interchanged where permitted so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0043] In the following description, the labels of the steps, such as S110, S120, etc., do not necessarily mean that the steps will be executed in this way. The order of the steps can be interchanged or executed simultaneously if permitted.

[0044] The term "comprising" as used in the specification and claims should not be construed as limiting itself to what follows; it does not exclude other elements or steps. Therefore, it should be interpreted as specifying the presence of the mentioned feature, integral, step, or component, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, or components, or groups thereof. Thus, the statement "device comprising means A and B" should not be limited to a device consisting solely of components A and B.

[0045] The term "an embodiment" or "an embodiment" as used in this specification means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Therefore, the terms "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" appearing throughout this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but may refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, in one or more embodiments, the particular features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure.

[0046] The specific structure of workpiece 10 in this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0047] Figure 1 These are the three views of workpiece 10 in this application, wherein, Figure 1 (a) is the lower orthographic projection of workpiece 10; Figure 1 (b) is the rear orthographic projection of workpiece 10; Figure 1 In diagram (c), the view is a cross-sectional view along direction AA in diagram (a). For example... Figure 1 As shown, the workpiece 10 to be processed in this application is a hexahedron. The outer peripheral surface of the workpiece 10 includes two pairs of mutually parallel first planes S1 and a pair of mutually inclined second planes S2. Viewed along the front-back direction, the workpiece 10 is an isosceles trapezoid, that is, the two second planes S2 on the left and right sides have the same inclination angle and opposite inclination directions. Viewed along the left-right and up-down directions, the workpiece 10 is rectangular. The front-back first plane S1 and the up-down first plane S1 are perpendicular.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, a cuboid groove 11 is provided on the first plane S1 located on the lower side of the workpiece 10. The groove 11 extends in the front-back direction. One end of the groove 11 forms an opening 12 on the first plane S1 on the front side of the workpiece 10, and the other end of the groove 11 forms a fourth plane S4 on the workpiece 10.

[0049] Using machine tools Figure 1 The existing method for machining workpiece 10 is to use a machining vise 20 to fix workpiece 10. The following, with reference to the accompanying drawings, describes the steps for machining workpiece 10 while fixing it in a machining vise 20.

[0050] Figure 2 One of the structural diagrams for fixing workpiece 10 with a machining vise 20; Figure 3 This is the second structural diagram showing how a machining vise 20 secures workpiece 10. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the first plane S1 on the lower side of workpiece 10 is a reference plane, and the first plane S1 on the lower side of workpiece 10 is pre-machined by grinding. The specific steps for machining workpiece 10 using a machining vise 20 to fix it include:

[0051] Step S001: Prepare a machining vise 20 and correctly install the machining vise 20 onto the machine tool.

[0052] Step S002: Prepare a rotatable three-sided milling cutter, correctly install the cutter into the machine tool spindle tool mounting hole, and install the matching alloy insert in the milling cutter insert mounting slot.

[0053] Step S003, as Figure 2 As shown, prepare a suitable shim 30, place the shim 30 on the guide rail 21 of the machining vise 20, align the first plane S1 on the front side of the workpiece 10 with the shim 30, align the first plane S1 on the lower side of the workpiece 10 with the fixed jaw 22 of the machining vise 20, and align the first plane S1 on the upper side of the workpiece 10 with the movable jaw 23 of the machining vise 20, and clamp the machining vise 20.

[0054] Step S004: First, process the first plane S1 on the rear side of the workpiece 10 to ensure the dimension L1 between the first plane S1 and the fourth plane S4 on the rear side of the workpiece 10.

[0055] Step S005: Flip the workpiece 10 180 degrees and place the first plane S1 on the rear side of the machined workpiece 10 on the pad 30 in the machining vise 20 as a reference. The first plane S1 on the lower side of the workpiece 10 is in contact with the fixed jaw 22 of the machining vise 20, and the first plane S1 on the upper side of the workpiece 10 is in contact with the movable jaw 23 of the machining vise 20. Clamp the machining vise 20.

[0056] Step S006: Machining the first plane S1 on the rear side of workpiece 10 to ensure the dimension L2 between the first planes S1 on the front and rear sides of workpiece 10.

[0057] Step S007, as Figure 3 As shown, the workpiece 10 is rotated 90 degrees, and the first plane S1 on the lower side of the workpiece 10 is placed on the pad 30 in the machining flat jaw vise 20. The first plane S1 on the front side of the workpiece 10 rests on the fixed jaw 22 of the machining flat jaw vise 20, and the first plane S1 on the rear side of the workpiece 10 is in contact with the movable jaw 23 of the machining flat jaw vise 20, thus clamping the machining flat jaw vise 20.

[0058] Step S008: Machining the first plane S1 on the upper side of the workpiece 10 to ensure the dimension L3 between the first planes S1 on the upper and lower sides of the workpiece 10.

[0059] Step S009: Complete the machining of workpiece 10.

[0060] As can be seen from the above, the perpendicularity and parallelism of the first planes S1 of the three parts to be machined (front, back, and top) of workpiece 10 in this application are 0.03 mm. Figure 2 , Figure 3 When the workpiece 10 is fixed in the machining vise 20 for machining, the three first planes S1 need to be machined sequentially. The perpendicularity between the three first planes S1 of the workpiece 10 is ensured by the machining vise 20. When the perpendicularity of the machining vise 20 cannot meet the machining requirements of the workpiece 10, the quality of the part cannot be guaranteed. In addition, due to the large variation in the size of the groove 11 of the workpiece 10 blank, under the current machining technology conditions, the positioning datum used does not match the design datum of the workpiece 10. Therefore, the dimension L1 between the first plane S1 and the fourth plane S4 on the rear side of the workpiece 10 varies greatly. It is impossible to perform batch production with tool setting in one go. Tool setting must be repeated when machining each workpiece 10, resulting in low machining efficiency and a high risk of scrap.

[0061] Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, possible embodiments of the clamp 40 in this application will be described by way of example.

[0062] Figure 4 This is a top orthographic projection structural diagram of the clamp 40 in this application; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the middle clamp 40 in the BB direction; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Orthographic projection structural diagram of the intermediate pressure plate 210 in two directions. (See diagram below.) Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown, the fixture 40 in this application includes a base 100 and a fixing mechanism 200. The base 100 has a fixing part 111 and a mounting surface 121. The fixing part 111 is used to fix the base 100 to the guide rail of the machine tool. The mounting surface 121 is located on the side of the base 100 away from the guide rail and is parallel to the plane of the guide rail. The fixing mechanism 200 is disposed on the base 100. The fixing mechanisms 200 are arranged in pairs. The first plane S1 of the two second planes S2, which are away from each other, is in contact with the mounting surface 121. When the pair of second planes S2 are oriented away from the mounting surface 121, the pair of fixing mechanisms 200 are respectively located at the corresponding positions of the pair of second planes S2. The fixing mechanism 200 includes a screw 220, a nut 230, and a pressure plate 210. The screw 220 is vertically disposed on the mounting surface 121. The pressure plate 210 passes through the screw 220. The nut 230 is located on the side of the pressure plate 210 away from the mounting surface 121 and is threadedly connected to the screw 220. The pressure plate 210 has a third plane S3 at the end facing the workpiece 10. When the nut 230 is rotated to move the pressure plate 210 toward the mounting surface 121 to the first predetermined position, the third plane S3 is in contact with the second plane S2.

[0063] As described above, after fixing the base 100 to the machine tool guide rail, the pressure plate 210 can be driven to move towards the mounting surface 121 by rotating the nut 230, so that the third plane S3 and the second plane S2 are in contact, pressing and fixing the workpiece 10 onto the mounting surface 121. This allows one first plane S1 to be tightly fixed onto the mounting surface 121, exposing all three first planes S1, which can then be machined using the machine tool. In other words, three surfaces can be machined in a single setup, reducing operational difficulty, minimizing steps, increasing processing efficiency, and shortening the processing cycle of the workpiece 10. Furthermore, reducing the number of setups also reduces the impact of setup errors on machining accuracy. After a single setup, the machine tool's precision ensures the parallelism and perpendicularity of the three first planes S1, thereby improving the machining accuracy of the workpiece 10.

[0064] In some embodiments, as Figure 5 As shown, the fixing mechanism 200 also includes a guide post 240, which is vertically disposed on the mounting surface 121. A pressure plate 210 passes through the guide post 240 and is slidably connected to it. Therefore, by vertically disposing the guide post 240 on the mounting surface 121 and slidably connecting the pressure plate 210 to the guide post 240, the movement direction of the pressure plate 210 can be guided when the nut 230 pushes it towards the mounting surface 121. This improves the stability of the pressure plate 210, thereby enhancing the stability of clamping and fixing the workpiece 10, and ultimately improving the machining accuracy of the workpiece 10.

[0065] In some embodiments, as Figure 5As shown, the fixing mechanism 200 also includes a support column 250, which is disposed on the pressure plate 210. When the nut 230 pushes the pressure plate 210 toward the mounting surface 121 to a first predetermined position, the support column 250 abuts against the mounting surface 121. Therefore, by providing the support column 250, when the nut 230 pushes the pressure plate 210 toward the mounting surface 121 to the first predetermined position, i.e., when the third plane S3 and the second plane S2 are in contact, and the workpiece 10 is pressed and fixed onto the mounting surface 121, the support column 250 can support the pressure plate 210, thereby ensuring that the workpiece 10 remains parallel to the third mounting surface 121, and ensuring that the third plane S3 and the second plane S2 remain in contact during the tightening process of the nut 230. This improves the stability of the pressure plate 210, thereby improving the stability of pressing and fixing the workpiece 10, and thus improving the machining accuracy of the workpiece 10.

[0066] In some embodiments, as Figure 5 As shown, screw 220 is located at the end of pressure plate 210 near the third plane S3, guide post 240 is located in the middle of pressure plate 210, and support post 250 is located at the end away from the third plane S3. Therefore, by positioning screw 220 near the third plane S3, when nut 230 pushes pressure plate 210, the thrust is closer to the third plane S3. This brings the thrust closer to the force between the third plane S3 and the second plane S2, improving the stability of pressure plate 210 and thus improving the stability of clamping and fixing workpiece 10, thereby improving the machining accuracy of workpiece 10. Furthermore, by positioning support post 250 away from the third plane S3, it is positioned away from screw 220, improving the parallelism between pressure plate 210 and mounting surface 121 when the third plane S3 and second plane S2 are in contact, and improving the fit between the third plane S3 and second plane S2 when nut 230 pushes pressure plate 210 to clamp them together. This improves the stability of the pressure plate 210, thereby improving the stability of clamping and fixing the workpiece 10, and thus improving the machining accuracy of the workpiece 10.

[0067] In some embodiments, the support column 250 is threadedly connected to the pressure plate 210. Therefore, by threading the support column 250 to the pressure plate 210, the length of the support column 250 extending from the pressure plate 210 toward the mounting surface 121 can be adjusted. This allows the fixture 40 to be adapted to workpieces 10 of different sizes, thus improving the adaptability of the fixture 40.

[0068] In some embodiments, as Figure 4As shown, the fixture 40 also includes a positioning mechanism 300, which positions the workpiece 10 at a second predetermined position. Thus, by positioning the workpiece 10 at the second predetermined position using the positioning mechanism 300, it is convenient to position the workpiece 10 when changing it. This improves machining accuracy, reduces operational difficulty, decreases operational steps, increases machining efficiency, and shortens the machining cycle of the workpiece 10.

[0069] In some embodiments, as Figure 4 As shown, the positioning mechanism 300 includes a positioning block 310, which is disposed on a mounting surface 121. The size of the mounting surface 121 is smaller than that of the groove 11. When the workpiece 10 is in the second predetermined position, the positioning block 310 abuts against the fourth plane S4. Therefore, the workpiece 10 can be positioned by the cooperation between the positioning block 310 and the fourth plane S4, thereby quickly fixing the workpiece 10 in the second predetermined position. This reduces the difficulty of operation, decreases the number of operation steps, improves processing efficiency, and shortens the processing cycle of the workpiece 10.

[0070] Figure 7 for Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the clamp 40 in the CC direction. In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 , Figure 7 As shown, the positioning mechanism 300 also includes a slider 330, which is disposed on the base 100 at a position corresponding to the workpiece 10, located on the side of the workpiece 10 away from the opening 12, and slides along the extension direction of the groove 11. Therefore, by controlling the slider 330 to slide on the mounting surface 121, the workpiece 10 can be moved on the mounting surface 121, causing the fourth plane S4 to abut against the positioning hole, thereby achieving the positioning of the workpiece 10. This reduces the operational difficulty of positioning the workpiece 10, reduces the number of operation steps, improves processing efficiency, and shortens the processing cycle of the workpiece 10.

[0071] In some embodiments, as Figure 5 As shown, the base 100, facing away from the mounting surface 121, is also provided with multiple positioning keys 112. The positioning keys 112 are adapted to the mounting grooves of the machine tool's guide rail. After the positioning keys 112 are inserted into the mounting grooves, the positioning block 310 is positioned in a third predetermined position. Therefore, by providing positioning elements on the base 100, the position of the base 100 can be positioned, ensuring the positioning block 310 is in the third predetermined position. This improves the positional accuracy of the workpiece 10 positioned by the positioning block 310, thereby improving the machining accuracy of the workpiece 10. Furthermore, positioning the base 100 using the positioning keys 112 reduces the operational difficulty of positioning the base 100, decreases the number of operation steps, increases machining efficiency, and shortens the machining cycle of the workpiece 10.

[0072] The above description provides an exemplary description of possible embodiments of the clamp 40 in this application. Below, with reference to the accompanying drawings, a detailed description of the specific structure of the clamp 40 in this application will be given in a particular embodiment.

[0073] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the fixture 40 in this embodiment includes a base 100, a fixing mechanism 200, and a positioning mechanism 300. The base 100 is used for detachable connection with the guide rail of the machine tool, the positioning mechanism 300 is used for positioning the workpiece 10, and the fixing mechanism 200 is used for pressing and fixing the workpiece 10 on the base 100 so that the machine tool can process the workpiece 10.

[0074] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the base 100 includes a fixing seat 110 and a mounting seat 120, with the mounting seat 120 fixed to the fixing seat 110. Viewed vertically, the fixing seat 110 is a rectangular block component. The four corners of the fixing seat 110 are removed by cutting or other methods to reduce its weight. Fixing portions 111 are provided at the middle of both ends of the fixing seat 110. The fixing portions 111 can be through holes or other shapes. Figure 4 As shown in the diagram, the notch allows the base 100 to be fixed to the machine tool guide rail using screws 220 passing through the fixing part 111. Two locating keys 112 are provided on the lower surface of the fixing part 111. Viewed vertically, the two locating keys 112 are positioned on the straight line where the two fixing parts 111 are located. The shape of the locating keys 112 is adapted to the mounting groove of the machine tool guide rail. After the locating keys 112 are inserted into the mounting groove, the locating block 310 is placed in the third predetermined position, facilitating the screws 220 to pass through the fixing part 111 and fix the base 100 to the machine tool guide rail.

[0075] like Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, the mounting base 120 is a rectangular strip-shaped component that forms a step on the fixing base 110. Viewed vertically, the mounting base 120 extends along the straight line where the two fixing parts 111 are located. The upper surface of the mounting base 120 is a rectangular mounting surface 121 used to mount and fix the workpiece 10. The width L1 of the mounting surface 121 (the dimension of the mounting surface 121 in the front-rear direction) is smaller than the width L2 of the workpiece 10 (i.e., the distance between the two corresponding first planes S1 in the direction perpendicular to the fourth plane S4) to avoid interference and collision between the mounting surface 121 and the tool during machining, thus preventing damage to the tool. Furthermore, by providing the mounting base 120 on the fixing base 110, the mounting surface 121 can be raised from the upper surface of the fixing base 110. Specifically, the height by which the mounting surface 121 protrudes from the fixing base 110 can be set to be greater than or equal to 4mm. Since the bottom surface of the tool must be lower than the positioning surface 121 when machining the side of the workpiece 10, otherwise some unmachined marks will be left on the workpiece 10. After the workpiece 10 is pressed and fixed on the mounting surface 121 by the fixing mechanism 200, the corresponding two side surfaces (front and rear first planes S1) of the workpiece 10 and the mounting base 120 are raised from the upper surface of the fixing base 110, which can provide error tolerance space for the cutting tool, thereby facilitating the machine tool to process it and improving the processing effect.

[0076] like Figure 4-Figure 6 As shown, two fixing mechanisms 200 are provided, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the middle of the mounting base 120. After the workpiece 10 is placed on the mounting surface 121, the two fixing mechanisms 200 can press and fix the workpiece 10 onto the mounting surface 121 from the left and right sides of the workpiece 10. The fixing mechanism 200 includes a pressure plate 210, screws 220, nuts 230, guide posts 240, and support posts 250. Among them, the pressure plate 210 is a rectangular strip component, and a third plane S3 is provided at one end of the pressure plate 210 facing the middle of the mounting base 120. The third plane S3 is inclined, and when the pressure plate 210 is in a horizontal state, it can fit against the second plane S2 of the workpiece 10 on the mounting surface 121. The screws 220 are vertically arranged on the base 100 and are threadedly connected to the fixing base 110 and the mounting base 120. The pressure plate 210 is threaded onto the screw 220 near the third plane S3. After the nut 230 is threadedly connected to the screw 220, the pressure plate 210 can be moved on the screw 220 by rotating the nut 230, thereby adjusting the distance between the pressure plate 210 and the mounting surface 121 so that the third plane S3 is in contact with the second plane S2. Thus, the workpiece 10 can be pressed tightly onto the mounting surface 121 by the pressure plate 210.

[0077] like Figure 5The guide post 240 is vertically fixed on the mounting surface 121. The pressure plate 210 passes through the guide post 240 at its middle position and is slidably connected to the guide post 240. When the nut 230 pushes the pressure plate 210 to move on the screw 220, the guide post 240 can guide the movement direction of the pressure plate 210, keeping the pressure plate 210 parallel to the mounting surface 121, thereby improving the stability of the pressure plate 210.

[0078] When the pressure plate 210 presses the workpiece 10 onto the mounting surface 121, it experiences a reaction force from the workpiece 10, causing one end of the pressure plate 210 with the third plane S3 positioned to tilt upwards with the nut 230 as the fulcrum. To address this, a support column 250 is provided on the pressure plate 210, positioned at the end of the pressure plate 210 furthest from the third plane S3. The support column 250 provides support to the other end of the pressure plate 210, preventing it from rotating downwards and thus preventing the end of the pressure plate 210 with the third plane S3 from tilting upwards, keeping the rock slab 210 parallel to the mounting surface 121. The support column 250 is threadedly connected to the pressure plate 210 and extends vertically downwards from the lower surface of the pressure plate 210. The support columns 250 in the two fixing mechanisms 200 have the same length. The length of the support column 250 extending downward from the pressure plate 210 is set such that when the support columns 250 of the two fixing mechanisms 200 abut against the mounting surface 121, the third plane S3 of the two pressure plates 210 are in close contact with the two second planes S2 of the workpiece 10, and drive the workpiece 10 to move and position itself to the middle position of the mounting surface 121 in the left-right direction. Specifically, since the support columns 250 in the two fixing mechanisms 200 extend downward from the pressure plate 210 with the same length, if the workpiece 10 is not in the middle position of the mounting surface 121 in the left-right direction, for example, near the left side, when the pressure plate 210 of the fixing mechanism 200 on the left side moves downward under the drive of the nut 230, the third plane S3 on the pressure plate 210 will first contact the second plane S2 on the left side of the workpiece 10. At this time, the support column 250 of the left fixing mechanism 200 is not in contact with the mounting surface 121. Continuing to rotate the nut 230 drives the pressure plate 210 to descend. Since the second plane S2 and the third plane S3 are inclined surfaces, the pressure plate 210 pushes the workpiece 10 towards the middle position of the mounting surface 121 in the left-right direction. Finally, when the pressure plates 210 of the two fixing mechanisms 200 reach the first predetermined position, the support columns 250 of the two fixing mechanisms 200 respectively abut against the mounting surface 121, and the two third planes S3 respectively closely fit with the two second planes S2. While pressing the workpiece 10 onto the mounting surface 121, the workpiece 10 is positioned in the left-right direction, placing it in the middle position of the mounting surface 121 in the left-right direction. Therefore, while pressing and fixing the workpiece 10 through the two fixing mechanisms 200, the workpiece 10 can be positioned in the middle position of the mounting surface 121, thus enabling the workpiece 10 to be positioned in the left-right direction.

[0079] like Figure 4 As shown, the positioning mechanism 300 is used to position the workpiece 10 at a second predetermined position, that is, after the workpiece is in the middle position of the mounting surface 121 in the left-right direction, the positioning mechanism 300 positions the workpiece 10 on the mounting surface 121 in the front-back direction. The positioning mechanism 300 includes a positioning block 310, a guide body 320, a slider 330, and a handle 340. The positioning block 310 is a square protrusion, protruding and positioned at the middle position of the mounting surface 121 in both the front-back and left-right directions. Two pairs of fixing mechanisms 200 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the positioning block 310. The size of the positioning block 310 is smaller than that of the groove 11, so that after the lower first plane S1 of the workpiece 10 is in contact with the mounting surface 121, the positioning block 310 can be pushed into the groove 11 through the opening 12. The rear surface of the positioning block 310 is a fifth plane S5. When the workpiece 10 is pushed to the second predetermined position, the fifth plane S5 is in contact with the fourth plane S4 in the groove 11. Therefore, the workpiece 10 can be positioned and fixed in the front-back direction by the cooperation between the fifth plane S5 and the fourth plane S4, thereby quickly positioning and fixing the workpiece 10 in the second predetermined position. The fifth plane S5 is adapted to the fourth plane S4 in the groove 11, so that when the positioning block 310 abuts against the fourth plane S4, the tight fit between the fifth plane S5 and the fourth plane S4 can improve the firmness and stability of fixing the workpiece 10.

[0080] like Figure 4 , Figure 7 As shown, two guide bodies 320 are provided, fixedly mounted on the fixing base 110, located at the rear side of the mounting base 120, and spaced apart from the mounting base 120. The guide bodies 320 are block-shaped, and the two guide bodies 320 are spaced apart, forming a slide rail extending in the front-rear direction on the upper surface of the fixing base 110. The slide rail is adapted to the shape of the slider 330, as shown... Figure 7 As shown, the slide rail and slider 330 are divided into two rectangular parts in the front-back direction, with the lower part being larger and the upper part smaller, thus restricting the movement of the slider 330 and limiting it to sliding only in the front-back direction. A handle 340 is located on the slider 330 on the side away from the mounting base 120. The end of the handle 340 facing the slider 330 is threadedly connected to the slider 330, allowing the slider 330 to move in the front-back direction. Therefore, the slider 330 can be controlled to slide on the mounting surface 121 via the handle 340, thereby pushing the workpiece 10 to move on the mounting surface 121, causing the fourth plane S4 to abut against the rear surface of the positioning block 310, thus achieving the positioning of the workpiece 10.

[0081] Each guide body 320 has four holes arranged in a square array, specifically at the four corners of the square, with each pair of holes facing each other at a 45° angle. Some of the holes are pin holes 321, and the rest are mounting holes 322. Specifically, they can be arranged as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the two holes arranged diagonally at 45° are pin holes 321, and the other two holes arranged diagonally at 45° are mounting holes 322. The pin holes 321 provide positioning for the guide body 320 when it is mounted on the fixed base 110, through the engagement between the positioning pin and the pin holes 321. This prevents the guide body 320 from moving in the forward / backward or left / right directions when the user operates the handle 340 to drive the slider 330 in the forward / backward direction, thus avoiding affecting the accuracy and stability of the operation. The mounting holes 322 are stepped holes, allowing the guide body 320 to be fixed to the fixed base 110 using hexagonal screws. If the guide body 320 or slider 320 needs to be replaced due to wear, the screws can be unscrewed and the positioning pins knocked out, making the replacement of the guide body 320 and slider 330 convenient and quick.

[0082] like Figure 4 As shown, the mounting base 120 and the guide body 320 are spaced apart in the front-to-back direction to provide machining space for the tool and prevent the tool from colliding with the guide body 320 during machining, thus avoiding unnecessary tool wear. Specifically, the distance between the mounting base 120 and the guide body 320 in the front-to-back direction is greater than (workpiece 10 width L2 - mounting surface 121 width L1) / 2 + tool diameter. This provides machining space for the tool and prevents it from colliding with the guide body 320 during machining, thus avoiding unnecessary tool wear.

[0083] The above description, in a specific embodiment, details the structure of the fixture 40 in this application. Below, based on the fixture 40 in the above embodiment, the specific steps of the processing method 50 in this application are described in detail.

[0084] Figure 8 This is a flowchart of processing method 50 in this application. Figure 8 As shown, the processing method 50 in this application uses the aforementioned fixture 40 to fix the workpiece 10 on a machine tool, and the machine tool processes the workpiece 10. Specific steps include:

[0085] Step S901: Install fixture 40.

[0086] In step S901, the positioning keys 112 on the fixture 40 are aligned with the mounting slots of the transverse guide rail of the CNC machine tool and placed in place. The fixture 40 is then placed flat on the machine tool guide rail, and the fixture 40 is fixed to the machine tool guide rail by passing the mounting screws 220 through the fixing part 111 on the base 100.

[0087] Step S902: Install the cutting tool.

[0088] In step S902, a cylindrical end mill with a diameter of 12 to 16 is selected, and the cylindrical end mill is installed into the matching elastic collet. Then, the elastic collet is installed into the machine tool spindle tool mounting taper hole and the elastic collet fastening nut 230 is tightened, so that the cylindrical end mill is correctly installed on the CNC machine tool spindle.

[0089] Step S903: Write the CNC program.

[0090] In step S903, a CNC machining program is written using software. First, a machining program for workpiece 10 with dimension L1 is written, followed by a machining program for L2, and finally a machining program for L3. The machining program is then stored on a disk and copied to the CNC machine tool host.

[0091] Step S904: Determine the origin.

[0092] In step S904, the center of the positioning block 310 in the fixture 40 is located using a dial indicator, that is, the center of the positioning block 310 when viewed from the top and bottom, and this center is determined as the origin of the machine tool.

[0093] Step S905: Install workpiece 10.

[0094] In step S905, the first plane S1 (the ground surface pre-machined by grinding) of the bottom of the workpiece 10 is supported and attached to the mounting surface 121 of the fixture 40, so that the groove 11 on the workpiece 10 encloses the positioning block 310. The fourth plane S4 of the workpiece 10 is then brought into contact with the fifth plane S5 of the positioning block 310. Specifically, the slider 330 is pushed along the front-back direction by the handle 340, thereby pushing the workpiece 10 along the front-back direction, so that the fourth plane S4 of the workpiece 10 and the fifth plane S5 of the positioning block 310 are tightly fitted together. After the fit is complete, the slider 330 is driven to slide along the front-back direction by the handle 340, so that the slider 330 is separated from the workpiece 10. Slide the pressure plate 210 downward through the guide post 240 until the third plane S3 of the pressure plate 210 is in close contact with the second plane S2 of the workpiece 10. Tighten the nut 230 through the screw 220 and press it onto the pressure plate 210 so that the pressure plate 210 fixes the workpiece 10 in the fixture 40.

[0095] Step S906: Tool setting.

[0096] In step S906, firstly, for the No. 1 face milling cutter (a 12-16mm diameter alloy end mill), the machine tool is set using the handwheel mode and the paper-insertion method is used to set the tool. The mounting surface 121 of the fixture 40 and the rear surface of the positioning block 310 are aligned until the tool contacts the paper and the paper cannot move. The machine tool mechanical coordinate values ​​are then input into the No. 1 tool compensation column in the tool compensation interface, thus completing the tool setting for No. 1. Next, for the No. 2 rapid feed insert milling cutter (a 12mm diameter milling cutter with rapid feed), the machine tool is set using the handwheel mode and the paper-insertion method is used to set the tool. The mounting surface 121 of the fixture 40 and the rear surface of the positioning block 310 are aligned until the tool contacts the paper and the paper cannot move. The machine tool mechanical coordinate values ​​are then input into the No. 2 tool compensation column in the tool compensation interface, thus completing the tool setting for No. 2. Next, for the No. 3 end mill (the end mill is a 12mm diameter end mill), the machine tool is set to handwheel mode. The tool is set using the paper-insertion method. The mounting surface 121 of the fixture 40 and the rear surface of the positioning block 310 are aligned until the tool contacts the paper and the paper cannot move. The machine tool mechanical coordinate values ​​are then entered into the No. 3 tool compensation column in the tool compensation interface. The tool setting for No. 3 is then complete.

[0097] Step S907: Machining the first plane S1 on the rear side of workpiece 10.

[0098] In step S907, the CNC machine tool is started, and the No. 2 rapid feed cutter is used to rough mill the first plane S1 on the rear side of the workpiece 10 in layers (0.2 spindle forward rotation per layer, speed S5000, feed F1000), leaving a margin of about 0.1mm. The No. 3 end mill is used to finish the workpiece 10, ensuring the dimension L1.

[0099] Step S908: Machining the first plane S1 on the front side of workpiece 10.

[0100] In step S908, the CNC machine tool is started, and the No. 2 rapid feed cutter is used to rough mill the first plane S1 on the rear side of the workpiece 10 in layers (0.2 spindle forward rotation per layer, speed S5000, feed F1000), leaving a margin of about 0.1mm. The No. 3 end mill is used to finish the workpiece 10, ensuring the dimension L2.

[0101] Step S909: Machining the first plane S1 on the upper side of workpiece 10.

[0102] In step S909, after the dimensions L1 and L2 of the part are guaranteed, the first plane S1 on the upper side of the workpiece 10 is finally machined. The No. 1 face milling cutter (spindle forward rotation, speed S2000, feed F300) rough mills the first plane S1 on the upper side of the workpiece 10, leaving a margin of about 0.1mm. The No. 1 face milling cutter finishes the part to ensure the dimension L3.

[0103] Step S910, program ends.

[0104] In step S910, after the measured dimensions are qualified, the two nuts 230 of the clamp 40 are loosened, the workpiece 10 is removed, and the workpiece 10 is processed.

[0105] As described above, the internal cavity support positioning method can be used to position the workpiece 10. After one clamping of the workpiece 10, the machining of three surfaces (front, rear, and upper first plane S1) can be achieved. This reduces operational difficulty, decreases the number of steps, improves machining efficiency, shortens the machining cycle of the workpiece 10, increases the first-pass yield of the workpiece 10, significantly reduces the scrap rate, reduces the number of clamping operations, and also reduces labor intensity. Furthermore, by reducing the number of clamping operations, the impact of clamping errors on machining accuracy can be reduced. After one clamping, the parallelism and perpendicularity of the three first planes S1 are ensured by the machine tool's precision, which is simpler and more convenient than relying on a machined vise to ensure the perpendicularity of the part, thus improving the machining accuracy of the workpiece 10.

[0106] This invention uses internal cavity positioning, which is more accurate than the original external surface positioning method. It ensures that the design datum, process datum and processing datum coincide, avoids the problem of excessive dimensional runout caused by uneven blank allowance, and solves the problem of high defect rate of dimension L.

[0107] The present invention drives the workpiece 10 to move to the second predetermined position by sliding the slider 310 in the front-back direction, so that the fourth plane S4 of the workpiece 10 is in contact with the fifth plane S5 of the positioning block, thereby keeping the fourth plane S4 relatively parallel to the vertical plane extending in the left-right direction, thus making the positioning of the workpiece 10 more accurate.

[0108] This invention employs a method where the inclined surface of the pressure plate contacts the inclined surface of the workpiece and passes through the guide post of the fixture to press the workpiece, preventing the pressure plate 210 from sliding due to the inclined surface pressing. This makes the position of the pressure plate 210 relatively fixed, making the workpiece 10 more firmly fixed and less prone to loosening, thus better ensuring the perpendicularity of the workpiece 10. This invention improves the perpendicularity of the workpiece 10 after processing from less than or equal to 0.1 to less than or equal to 0.02, and the parallelism from less than or equal to 0.1 to less than or equal to 0.02, achieving a qualitative leap.

[0109] Note that the above are merely preferred embodiments and the technical principles employed in this application. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present application has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A processing method, characterized in that, For machining a workpiece, the workpiece is a hexahedron with two pairs of parallel first planes and a pair of inclined second planes. The workpiece is trapezoidal when viewed from one side. A cuboid-shaped groove is provided on the first planes away from each other by the two second planes. One end of the groove has an opening on one of the first planes, and the other end forms a fourth plane on the workpiece. The machining method includes: The fixture is installed on the transverse guide rail of the machine tool; the fixture includes a base, a fixing part and a mounting surface are provided on the base, the fixing part is detachably connected to the guide rail, and the mounting surface is located on the side of the base away from the guide rail and is parallel to the plane where the guide rail is located; Determine the origin; a positioning block is provided on the mounting surface. The size of the positioning block is smaller than that of the groove, and a fifth plane is provided on one side corresponding to the fourth plane. The positioning block is square when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the mounting surface. The center of the positioning block is found according to the four sides of the square, and the center is determined as the origin. The fixture also includes a slider and a pressure plate. The pressure plate is located on the side facing the fifth plane and is slidably connected to the base along the orientation of the fifth plane. The first planes of the two second planes of the workpiece, which are far apart from each other, are attached to the mounting surface, so that the groove encloses the positioning block. The slider is controlled to slide and push the workpiece, so that the fourth plane is attached to the fifth plane. The pressure plates are arranged in pairs on both sides of the positioning block and are slidably connected to the base along the vertical direction of the mounting surface. The paired pressure plates are respectively provided with inclined third planes at corresponding positions on the two second planes. The pressure plates are driven to move toward the mounting surface, so that the third plane is attached to the second plane, and the workpiece is fixed on the fixture. The cutting tools of the machine tool are controlled to machine the three first planes exposed on the workpiece.

2. The processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Before machining, at least one of the said cutting tools on the machine tool is set.

3. A clamp, characterized in that, For fixing a workpiece, the workpiece is hexahedral, having two pairs of parallel first planes and a pair of inclined second planes. The workpiece is trapezoidal when viewed from one side. A cuboid groove is provided on the first planes away from each other of the two second planes. One end of the groove has an opening on one of the first planes, and the other end forms a fourth plane on the workpiece. The fixture includes: The base has a fixing part and a mounting surface. The fixing part is used to fix the base to the guide rail of the machine tool. The mounting surface is located on the side of the base away from the guide rail and is parallel to the plane where the guide rail is located. A fixing mechanism is provided on the base. The fixing mechanisms are arranged in pairs. When the first planes of the two second planes, which are away from each other at one end, are in contact with the mounting surface, the pair of fixing mechanisms are respectively located at positions corresponding to a pair of second planes. The fixing mechanism includes a screw, a nut, and a pressure plate. The screw is vertically disposed on the mounting surface. The pressure plate passes through the screw. The nut is located on the side of the pressure plate away from the mounting surface and is threadedly connected to the screw. The pressure plate has a third plane at the end facing the workpiece. When the nut is rotated to move the pressure plate toward the mounting surface to a first predetermined position, the third plane is in contact with the second plane. The positioning mechanism includes a positioning block and a slider. The positioning block is disposed on the mounting surface, and the size of the mounting surface is smaller than the groove. When the workpiece is located in the second predetermined position, the positioning block abuts against the fourth plane. The slider is disposed on the base at a position corresponding to the workpiece, located on the side of the workpiece away from the opening, and slides along the extension direction of the groove.

4. The clamp according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fixing mechanism also includes: A guide post is vertically disposed on the mounting surface, and a pressure plate passes through the guide post and is slidably connected to the guide post.

5. The clamp according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fixing mechanism also includes: A support column is disposed on the pressure plate. When the nut pushes the pressure plate toward the mounting surface to the first predetermined position, the support column abuts against the mounting surface.

6. The clamp according to claim 5, characterized in that, The screw is located at one end of the pressure plate near the third plane, the guide post is located in the middle of the pressure plate, and the support post is located at one end away from the third plane.

7. The clamp according to claim 5, characterized in that, The support column is threadedly connected to the pressure plate.

8. The clamp according to claim 3, characterized in that, The base is also provided with a plurality of positioning keys on the side facing away from the mounting surface. The positioning keys are adapted to the mounting groove of the machine tool guide rail. After the positioning keys are inserted into the mounting groove, the positioning block is placed in a third predetermined position.

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