Integrated hydraulic drive axle with differential mechanism and static braking function

Abstract

The invention discloses an integrated hydraulic drive axle with a differential mechanism and a static braking function. The hydraulic drive axle comprises a central shell used for bearing main loads, an oil port is formed in the top of the central shell, and the hydraulic drive axle is provided with a structure of a mounting trunnion flange, a steering oil cylinder and a low-speed large-torque motor assembly. A motor cavity and a differential mechanism cavity are formed in the central shell; supporting arms are arranged at the two ends of the central shell; the low-speed large-torque motor torque assembly is arranged in the motor cavity; an oil distributor is further arranged at one end of the torque assembly of the low-speed large-torque motor and plays a role in distributing oil for the torque assembly of the low-speed large-torque motor. The low-speed large-torque motor is directly driven, a reduction gearbox and a bevel gear are omitted, the transmission route is simplified, gear transmission defects are reduced, and the transmission precision is improved; a transmission structure is simplified, the number of total parts is reduced, the cost is reduced, and the assembly manufacturability is improved; and the design of modular parts provides a more flexible selection scheme for a user.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of engineering machinery, and in particular relates to an integrated hydraulic drive axle with a differential mechanism and a static braking function. Background Art

[0002] The drive axle is located at the end of the transmission system. Its basic function is to increase the torque transmitted by the transmission shaft or directly from the transmission, and transmit the torque to the left and right drive wheels, so that the left and right drive wheels have the differential function required by driving kinematics, and at the same time, they must withstand the force acting between the road surface and the frame. At present, the drive axle on the market is generally composed of the main reducer, differential, half shaft, bridge housing, wheel side transmission and other parts. The steering drive axle also has universal half shaft and other parts. The main reducer is generally a pair of spiral bevel gear structures, and the wheel side transmission is generally a primary planetary gear transmission.

[0003] The drive axle is at the end of the power transmission system of the whole machine, and its basic functions are as follows: 1. Transmit the speed and torque from the gearbox or drive shaft to the wheels to reduce the speed and increase the torque; 2. Cooperate with the gear adjustment of the gearbox to achieve output of different speeds and different torques; 3. Change the transmission direction of the input torque through the bevel gear pair in the main reducer; 4. Realize the differential effect of the wheels on both sides through the differential to ensure that the inner and outer wheels turn at different speeds; 5. Realize the function of bearing the weight of the whole machine and transmitting torque through the bridge housing and wheels.

[0004] When the drive axle is used as the main power element, a gearbox needs to be connected to the input end of the drive axle. The power of the gearbox generally comes from a high-speed hydraulic motor or electric motor. The system has a large structure, a complex transmission system, occupies a large space, and has high costs. For OEMs, power components such as motors, gearboxes, and drive axles are often not provided by the same supplier, and the various connection and installation methods and quality vary. Therefore, there are great limitations in practical applications and there is room for improvement. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated hydraulic drive axle with a differential mechanism and static braking function, which adopts a low-speed, high-torque motor, integrates the motor into the central housing part of the drive axle, eliminates accessories such as the gearbox and the main reducer of the drive axle, reduces the structure of the drive axle, simplifies the transmission system, and reduces costs. The integrated structure is more conducive to ensuring the quality of the entire mechanism, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an integrated hydraulic drive axle with a differential mechanism and a static braking function, the hydraulic drive axle comprising

[0007] The central housing is used to bear the main load, with an oil port on the top, and has a structure for installing a trunnion flange, a steering cylinder, and a low-speed high-torque motor assembly, which can realize the swing function of the bridge; a motor cavity and a differential cavity are formed inside the central housing; and support arms are provided at both ends of the central housing;

[0008] The low-speed high-torque motor torque component is placed in the motor cavity. Different motor components can be used according to different torque requirements. It plays the role of outputting torque and is the power element of the drive axle. An oil distributor is also provided at one end of the low-speed high-torque motor torque component to distribute oil to the low-speed high-torque motor torque component.

[0009] It also includes a brake shaft disposed in the motor cavity, and a differential in the differential cavity, a brake assembly is also disposed on the side of the brake shaft facing the low-speed high-torque motor torque assembly, the low-speed high-torque motor torque assembly is connected to the brake shaft and the differential through a set of screws, the differential realizes the differential function when the drive axle turns, the brake shaft connects the low-speed high-torque motor torque assembly, the differential, and the brake assembly, plays a role in connecting and transmitting torque, and realizes torque output and static braking;

[0010] A brake housing, with two ends respectively connected to the central housing and one of the support arms;

[0011] The differential housing is fixed to the central housing and another support arm at both ends.

[0012] The differential has a half shaft installed inside, and the half shaft passes through a hollow brake shaft and a steering mechanism connected to a hydraulically driven steering cylinder to realize the steering function of the drive axle.

[0013] Preferably, a wheel rim assembly is installed at the end of the half shaft.

[0014] Preferably, the brake assembly comprises a group of disc springs and a brake pad, and the brake pad is arranged in the direction of the brake housing.

[0015] Preferably, a coaxial tapered bearing is also provided in the brake housing, and the tapered bearing is abutted against the brake housing to achieve the positioning of the differential, the torque component of the low-speed and high-torque motor, the brake shaft, and the brake assembly. In actual use, a nut is used to pre-tighten the tapered bearing, and the brake pad is compressed by a group of disc springs in the brake assembly to achieve braking. The brake is released by pushing the piston compression spring with hydraulic pressure, and a manual brake release mechanism is also provided.

[0016] Preferably, sealing elements are provided at the connection between the support arm and the differential, and at the connection between the support arm and the brake housing.

[0017] Preferably, a steering mechanism and a swing mechanism are respectively installed on the outside of the central shell, wherein the main part of the steering mechanism is installed on the central shell, and the two ends are respectively connected to the left and right wheel side assemblies, and the wheel side assemblies are driven to steer by hydraulic pressure to achieve the vehicle steering function.

[0018] Preferably, a sealing assembly is further included, wherein the sealing assembly isolates the motor cavity in the central housing from the differential cavity.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. Direct drive by low-speed, high-torque motor eliminates the use of reduction box and bevel gear, simplifies the transmission route, reduces gear transmission defects, and improves transmission accuracy;

[0021] 2. Simplify the transmission structure, reduce the total number of parts, reduce costs, and improve assembly processability;

[0022] 3. The design of modular parts provides users with more flexible options;

[0023] 4. The mechanical structure is simpler, there are fewer failure points, and the product qualification rate is higher;

[0024] 5. The overall structure is smaller in size, saving space and suitable for narrow installation space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0027] In the figure:

[0028] 1. Central housing; 2. Low-speed, high-torque motor torque assembly; 3. Oil distributor; 4. Brake assembly; 5. Brake shaft; 6. Conical bearing; 7. Brake housing; 8. Seal assembly; 9. Differential; 10. Differential housing; 11. Support arm; 12. Steering mechanism; 13. Swing mechanism; 14. Axle; 15. Wheel side assembly; 16. Seal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention provides a technical solution: an integrated hydraulic drive axle with a differential mechanism and a static braking function, the hydraulic drive axle comprising

[0031] The central housing 1 is used to bear the main load, and is provided with an oil port on the top. It has a structure for installing a trunnion flange, a steering cylinder, and a low-speed high-torque motor assembly 2, so as to realize the swing function of the bridge; a motor cavity and a differential cavity are formed inside the central housing 1; and support arms 11 are provided at both ends of the central housing 1;

[0032] The low-speed high-torque motor torque component 2 is placed in the motor cavity. Different motor components can be used according to different torque requirements. It plays the role of outputting torque and is the power element of the drive axle. An oil distributor 3 is also provided at one end of the low-speed high-torque motor torque component 2 to distribute oil to the low-speed high-torque motor torque component 2.

[0033] It also includes a brake shaft 5 placed in the motor cavity, and a differential 9 placed in the differential cavity. A brake assembly 4 is also arranged on the side of the brake shaft 5 facing the low-speed high-torque motor torque assembly 2. The low-speed high-torque motor torque assembly 2 is connected to the brake shaft 5 and the differential 9 through a set of screws. The differential 9 realizes the differential function when the drive axle is turned. The brake shaft 5 connects the low-speed high-torque motor torque assembly 2, the differential 9, and the brake assembly 4 to connect and transmit torque, thereby realizing torque output and static braking.

[0034] The brake housing 7 has two ends connected to the central housing 1 and one of the support arms 11;

[0035] The differential housing 10 has two ends fixed to the central housing 1 and another support arm 11 respectively.

[0036] The differential 9 has a half shaft 14 installed inside thereof. The half shaft 14 passes through the hollow brake shaft 5 and a steering mechanism 12 connected to a hydraulically driven steering cylinder to realize the steering function of the drive axle.

[0037] In this embodiment, preferably, a wheel side assembly 15 is installed at the end of the half shaft 14, and the wheel side assembly 15 can select a reduction mechanism with different speed ratios according to different needs to achieve product diversification; in use, the hydraulic oil enters the distribution part through the oil port on the central housing 1, and then the oil distributor 3 distributes the oil, and enters the low-speed high-torque high-torque assembly 2 to provide driving torque to the entire drive axle. The torque provided by the low-speed high-torque high-torque assembly 2 is transmitted to the differential 9 through the brake assembly 4 connected in one body, and the differential 9 then transmits the torque to the two wheel side assemblies 15 respectively through the half shaft 14, and the wheel side assembly 15 is directly connected to the vehicle wheel hub, thereby driving the vehicle;

[0038] When the vehicle turns, the rotation speeds of the two sides are no longer the same. At this time, the differential 9 starts to work, providing different rotation speeds and torques to each wheel side as required to ensure the normal operation of the vehicle. Differential function: When turning, due to the phenomenon of slippage of the outer wheel and the phenomenon of slippage of the inner wheel, the two driving wheels will generate two additional forces in opposite directions. Due to the "minimum energy consumption principle", the rotation speeds of the wheels on both sides are inevitably different, thereby destroying the balance relationship among the three. By reflecting on the half-shaft gears, the planetary gears are forced to rotate, so that the speed of the inner half-shaft slows down and the speed of the outer half-shaft speeds up, thereby achieving the difference in the speed of the wheels on both sides;

[0039] When an abnormality occurs in the brake assembly 4 and the brake cannot be released by hydraulic pressure, the brake can be released mechanically.

[0040] In this embodiment, preferably, the brake assembly 4 includes a group of disc springs and a brake pad, and the brake pad is arranged toward the direction of the brake housing 7.

[0041] In this embodiment, preferably, a coaxial tapered bearing 6 is also provided in the brake housing 7, and the tapered bearing 6 is abutted against the brake housing 7 to achieve the positioning of the differential 9, the low-speed and high-torque motor torque component 2, the brake shaft 5, and the brake component 4. In actual use, a nut is used to pre-tighten the tapered bearing 6, and a group of disc springs are used in the brake component 4 to press the brake pad to achieve braking. The brake release is achieved by hydraulic pressure pushing the piston compression spring, and a manual brake release mechanism is also provided.

[0042] In this embodiment, preferably, a seal 16 is provided at the connection between the support arm 11 and the differential 9 , and at the connection between the support arm 11 and the brake housing 7 .

[0043] In this embodiment, preferably, a steering mechanism 12 and a swing mechanism 13 are respectively installed on the outside of the central shell 1, wherein the main part of the steering mechanism 12 is installed on the central shell 1, and the two ends are respectively connected to the left and right wheel side assemblies 15, and the wheel side assemblies 15 are pushed to steer by hydraulic pressure to achieve the vehicle steering function.

[0044] In this embodiment, preferably, a sealing assembly 8 is further included, and the sealing assembly 8 isolates the motor cavity in the central housing 1 from the differential cavity.

[0045] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described (see the above detailed description for details), it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An integrated hydraulic drive axle with a differential mechanism and a static braking function, characterized in that: The hydraulic drive axle includes A central housing (1) for bearing the main load is provided with an oil port on the top and has a structure for mounting a trunnion flange, a steering oil cylinder, and a low-speed high-torque motor assembly (2); a motor cavity and a differential cavity are formed inside the central housing (1); and support arms (11) are provided at both ends of the central housing (1); A low-speed high-torque motor torque component (2) is placed in the motor cavity; an oil distributor (3) is also provided at one end of the low-speed high-torque motor torque component (2); It also includes a brake shaft (5) disposed in the motor cavity, and a differential (9) disposed in the differential cavity, a brake assembly (4) is also disposed on the side of the brake shaft (5) facing the low-speed high-torque motor torque assembly (2), the low-speed high-torque motor torque assembly (2) is connected to the brake shaft (5) and the differential (9) by a set of screws, the differential (9) realizes the differential function when the drive axle is turned, and the brake shaft (5) is connected to the low-speed high-torque motor torque assembly (2), the differential (9) and the brake assembly (4); The brake housing (7) has two ends respectively connected to the central housing (1) and one of the support arms (11); The differential housing (10) has two ends fixed to the central housing (1) and another support arm (11) respectively. A differential (9) has a half shaft (14) installed inside it, and the half shaft (14) passes through a hollow brake shaft (5).

2. The integrated hydraulic drive axle with differential mechanism and static braking function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A wheel rim assembly (15) is installed at the end of the half shaft (14).

3. The integrated hydraulic drive axle with differential mechanism and static braking function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brake assembly (4) comprises a group of disc springs and a brake pad, and the brake pad is arranged in the direction of the brake housing (7).

4. The integrated hydraulic drive axle with differential mechanism and static braking function according to claim 3, characterized in that: A conical bearing (6) with a coaxial center is also arranged in the brake housing (7), and the conical bearing (6) abuts against the brake housing (7).

5. The integrated hydraulic drive axle with differential mechanism and static braking function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection between the support arm (11) and the differential (9), and the connection between the support arm (11) and the brake housing (7) are both provided with sealing elements (16).

6. The integrated hydraulic drive axle with differential mechanism and static braking function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A steering mechanism (12) and a swing mechanism (13) are also installed on the outside of the central housing (1), wherein the main part of the steering mechanism (12) is installed on the central housing (1), and the two ends are respectively connected to the left and right wheel side assemblies (15), and the wheel side assemblies (15) are driven by hydraulic pressure to steer.

7. The integrated hydraulic drive axle with differential mechanism and static braking function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a sealing assembly (8), which isolates the motor cavity in the central housing (1) from the differential cavity.

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