Tunnel pipe gallery fire risk monitoring and evaluating method

Abstract

The invention discloses a tunnel pipe gallery fire risk monitoring and evaluation method, and relates to the technical field of fire risk evaluation. The handheld dust detector, the camera and the laser range finder are used for accurately measuring the dust coverage, the mechanical damage length of the outer surface of the cable and the volume of objects accumulated in a non-safe area, so that the risk state of equipment can be comprehensively evaluated, and the dust coverage and the mechanical damage length of the cable are quantitatively obtained. Equipment aging or fault problems causing fire disasters can be found in time, fire burden of non-safe areas can be known through object volume measurement, measures can be taken in time to prevent the fire disasters from occurring or spreading, and in the real-time environment parameter acquisition process, through arrangement of a temperature sensor and an anemograph, the real-time environment parameters can be acquired. And punctuation monitoring is carried out according to a set distance interval, so that the environment data of each acquisition point can be accurately acquired.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fire risk assessment, and in particular to a method for monitoring and assessing fire risks in tunnels and pipe galleries. Background Art

[0002] Tunnels and utility corridors carry a large number of cables, pipes and other flammable materials all year round, which increases the potential for fire. Fire not only threatens the safety of facilities in the tunnel, but also causes casualties and paralysis of urban functions.

[0003] Prior art, such as the invention patent application with announcement number CN114781889A, discloses a method for monitoring and assessing fire risks at tunnel corridors, including: S1, real-time collection of the temperature, oxygen concentration, combustible gas concentration and airflow diffusion velocity of each monitoring point in the corridor; S2, analyzing the changing trend of the temperature and oxygen concentration of each monitoring point one by one, and judging whether there is a fire risk at any monitoring point; S3, determining the neighboring points of each monitoring point one by one according to a preset distance threshold, analyzing the aggregation probability of the monitoring point forming an ignition point according to the combustible gas concentration and airflow diffusion velocity of the monitoring point and the neighboring point, and judging whether the aggregation probability is greater than the preset probability threshold; S4, according to the preset assessment rules, assessing the risk level of the monitoring point with fire risk according to the temperature. The present invention takes into account the influence of adjacent monitoring points, can pre-discover monitoring points with potential fire risks, and improves the accuracy and reliability of fire risk assessment results.

[0004] There are at least the following technical problems with the above scheme: 1. The above scheme lacks the collection and analysis of equipment status indicators, fails to monitor equipment status indicators, and ignores potential fire hazards such as equipment aging, damage or blockage. For example, mechanical damage to the cable surface can cause electrical failures or short circuits, and accumulated dust or objects can increase the spread of fire. The above scheme involves temperature and oxygen concentration, but does not cover the maximum surface temperature of electrical equipment and air flow rate. The maximum surface temperature of equipment and air flow rate have an important impact on the occurrence and spread of fire. Ignoring the maximum surface temperature of equipment and air flow rate will affect the comprehensive assessment of fire risks.

[0005] 2. The above scheme focuses on the changing trend of a single factor, and does not mention how to comprehensively evaluate the comprehensive risks of equipment status and environmental parameters. Accurate assessment of fire risk requires comprehensive consideration of equipment status, environmental parameters and their interrelationships. Ignoring comprehensive assessment will lead to some risks being underestimated or ignored, thereby affecting the comprehensiveness and accuracy of fire risks. There is no detailed explanation on how to set the thresholds and evaluation rules for temperature and oxygen concentration. The setting of thresholds and evaluation rules directly affect the sensitivity and accuracy of the early warning system. The lack of clear thresholds and rules will lead to false positives or false negatives in the early warning system, affecting the actual fire risk early warning effect. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a tunnel gallery fire risk monitoring and assessment method, which solves the problems existing in the background technology.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a method for monitoring and assessing fire risks in tunnel corridors, including: Step 1, equipment status indicator collection: collecting corresponding equipment status risk indicators in a specified tunnel corridor.

[0008] Step 2: Equipment status risk analysis: Based on the corresponding equipment status risk indicators in the designated tunnel corridor, the corresponding structural risk assessment values ​​in the designated tunnel corridor are analyzed.

[0009] Step 3: Real-time environmental parameter collection: Collect the environmental parameters corresponding to each collection time point.

[0010] Step 4: Real-time environmental analysis: Based on the environmental parameters of each parameter collection point corresponding to each collection time point, the real-time environmental assessment index of each parameter collection point corresponding to each collection time point is analyzed.

[0011] Step 5. Comprehensive fire risk assessment: Based on the corresponding structural risk assessment value in the designated tunnel corridor and the real-time environmental assessment index of each parameter collection point corresponding to each collection time point, assess whether the fire risk of the designated tunnel corridor at each collection time point requires an early warning.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The tunnel corridor fire risk monitoring and assessment method provided by the present invention, in the process of collecting equipment status indicators, uses a handheld dust detector, a camera and a laser rangefinder to accurately measure the dust coverage, the mechanical damage length of the cable outer surface and the volume of items piled up in the unsafe area, which is conducive to a comprehensive assessment of the risk status of the equipment. By quantitatively obtaining the dust coverage and the mechanical damage length of the cable, the aging or failure of the equipment that causes the fire can be discovered in time. The measurement of the volume of items helps to understand the fire burden in the unsafe area, so that timely measures can be taken to prevent the occurrence or spread of the fire. In the process of real-time environmental parameter collection, by setting a temperature sensor and anemometer, and performing point monitoring according to the set distance interval, it is conducive to accurately obtaining the environmental data of each collection point. Real-time monitoring of ambient temperature and air velocity helps to timely identify temperature anomalies or air velocity changes. The ambient temperature and air velocity data obtained by mean calculation are conducive to providing a more stable and reliable risk assessment basis.

[0013] 2. In the real-time environmental analysis process, the embodiment of the present invention forms a real-time environmental assessment index by comprehensively analyzing the environmental parameters at each collection time point, which is conducive to dynamic tracking and assessment of fire risks. The real-time environmental assessment index reflects the impact of environmental conditions on fire risks, helps to capture the changing trend of fire risks, and ensures that quick action can be taken when risks increase.

[0014] 3. In the process of comprehensive fire risk assessment, the embodiment of the present invention is conducive to achieving comprehensive risk assessment by combining the structural risk assessment value and the real-time environmental assessment index. This comprehensive assessment method takes into account both equipment status and environmental factors, making the fire risk assessment more comprehensive and accurate. By calculating the comprehensive fire risk assessment coefficient, it is objectively judged whether the fire risk needs to be warned, thereby reducing human judgment errors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the implementation steps of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] See also Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for monitoring and assessing fire risks in tunnel corridors, the method comprising: step one, collecting equipment status indexes: collecting corresponding equipment status risk indexes in a specified tunnel corridor.

[0019] In a specific embodiment, the structural risk indicators include dust coverage in the ventilation duct, length of mechanical damage on the outer surface of the cable, and volume of items piled up in the unsafe area, and the environmental parameters include ambient temperature, maximum surface temperature of electrical equipment, and air flow rate.

[0020] It should be noted that mechanical damage refers to physical damage or deformation of equipment or objects caused by external forces. For example, on the outer surface of the cable, mechanical damage is manifested in scratches, dents, cracks, etc. Unsafe areas include but are not limited to areas with insufficient ventilation, safety passages and unmarked areas. Unmarked areas refer to areas that lack clear safety signs or warning signs. Electrical equipment includes distribution boxes and transformers, etc.

[0021] In a specific embodiment, the equipment status risk index corresponding to the specified tunnel corridor is collected, and the specific collection process is as follows: Q1, a number of dust collection points are selected in the ventilation duct of the specified tunnel corridor, and the staff uses a handheld dust detection instrument to collect dust at each dust collection point. The area of ​​each dust collection point is b, b is a positive integer, so as to obtain the dust weight ci corresponding to each dust collection point, i is the number corresponding to each dust collection point, i=1, 2, ..., a, a is any integer greater than 2, and then through the calculation formula Obtain the dust coverage A corresponding to the ventilation duct in the specified tunnel gallery.

[0022] Q2. The camera in the designated tunnel corridor is used to obtain the image of the outer surface of the cable and the image of the accumulation of objects in the non-safe area. The image recognition technology is used to obtain the mechanical damage on the outer surface of the cable. Then the staff is notified to use a laser rangefinder to measure the location of the mechanical damage on the outer surface of the cable, thereby obtaining the corresponding length of the mechanical damage on the outer surface of the cable in the designated tunnel corridor.

[0023] Q3. Based on the image of the objects piled up in the non-safe area, the specific location of the objects piled up is obtained, and then the staff is notified to go to the specific location of the objects piled up to measure the volume of the objects, so as to use a handheld volume meter to scan and obtain the volume of the objects piled up in the corresponding non-safe area in the designated tunnel corridor.

[0024] It should be noted that the structural risk indicators are collected according to the safety inspection cycle in the designated tunnel corridor. The higher the dust coverage, the worse the efficiency of the ventilation system, the heat dissipation capacity of the equipment will also be affected, and the accumulated dust may become a source of fire. When dust encounters the high temperature or sparks of electrical equipment, it may cause a fire. In addition, dust accumulation will also lead to poor ventilation, causing the equipment to operate at high temperatures, further increasing the risk of fire. The longer the length of mechanical damage on the outer surface of the cable, the larger the area of ​​damage to the cable's insulation layer. Exposed wires will cause short circuits, arcs or overheating, thereby increasing the risk of fire. The larger the volume of items piled up in the unsafe area, the more combustible materials there are. The deposits not only increase the contact area with the fire source, but also hinder ventilation and affect the heat dissipation capacity of the equipment.

[0025] Step 2: Equipment status risk analysis: Based on the corresponding equipment status risk indicators in the designated tunnel corridor, the corresponding structural risk assessment values ​​in the designated tunnel corridor are analyzed.

[0026] In a specific embodiment, the analysis specifies the structural risk assessment value corresponding to the specified tunnel corridor, and the specific analysis process is as follows: the standard control equipment status risk index corresponding to the specified tunnel corridor is obtained from the database, and the standard control equipment status risk index includes the dust coverage in the standard ventilation duct, the mechanical damage length of the standard cable outer surface, and the volume of items piled up in the standard non-safe area.

[0027] By calculating the formula The structural risk assessment value α corresponding to the specified tunnel corridor is obtained, where B and C represent the length of mechanical damage on the outer surface of the cable and the volume of objects accumulated in the unsafe area in the specified tunnel corridor, respectively.

[0028] C′ represents the dust coverage in the standard ventilation duct, the mechanical damage length of the standard cable outer surface, and the volume of items accumulated in the standard non-safe area. ι1, ι2, and ι3 represent the weight factors corresponding to the set dust coverage in the ventilation duct, the mechanical damage length of the cable outer surface, and the volume of items accumulated in the non-safe area, respectively.

[0029] It should be noted that the values ​​of ι1, ι2, and ι3 are all greater than 0 and less than 1.

[0030] It should also be noted that, first, the fire risk data under different dust coverage is collected, for example, the fire incidence rate when the coverage is 10%, 30% and 50%. According to the relationship between dust coverage and fire risk, combined with expert opinions and historical data, the weight factors corresponding to the dust coverage in the ventilation duct, the weight factors corresponding to the mechanical damage length of the cable outer surface, and the weight factors corresponding to the volume of objects accumulated in the unsafe area are obtained. For example, if the dust coverage increases by 10%, the structural risk assessment value increases by 40%, then the weight factor of the dust coverage in the ventilation duct is set to 0.4, if the mechanical damage length of the cable outer surface increases by 1 meter, the structural risk assessment value increases by 30%, then the mechanical damage length of the cable outer surface is set to 0.3, if the volume of objects accumulated in the unsafe area increases by 1 cubic meter, the structural risk assessment value increases by 30%, then the weight factor of the volume of objects accumulated in the unsafe area is set to 0.3.

[0031] Step 3: Real-time environmental parameter collection: Collect the environmental parameters corresponding to each collection time point.

[0032] In a specific embodiment, the environmental parameters corresponding to each collection time point are collected, and the specific collection process is as follows: each collection time point is set in a designated tunnel corridor, and the sensor equipment includes a temperature sensor and an anemometer. Starting from the center position of the designated tunnel corridor, the sensor equipment includes a temperature sensor and an anemometer, and extends to both ends of the tunnel corridor according to a set distance interval, and marks the points according to the set distance intervals, thereby obtaining the position of each mark point, and installing each temperature sensor and each anemometer at each mark point position to monitor the ambient temperature and air flow rate. When the trigger condition for the sensor equipment to start collecting environmental parameters is reached, the sensor equipment starts collecting environmental parameters, and then obtains the ambient temperature and air flow rate corresponding to each collection time point at each mark point position, and calculates the ambient temperature and air flow rate at each mark point position through the mean, and the result obtained is the ambient temperature and air flow rate corresponding to each collection time point.

[0033] Temperature sensors are installed on the surface of the electrical equipment. After the sensor equipment starts collecting environmental parameters, the temperatures of the electrical equipment corresponding to each collection time point are obtained. The temperature with the largest temperature value is selected from the temperatures as the maximum temperature of the surface of the electrical equipment, thereby obtaining the maximum temperature of the surface of the electrical equipment corresponding to each collection time point.

[0034] It should be noted that the positions of all punctuation points are located in the middle of the designated tunnel corridor. The increase in ambient temperature will cause the temperature of electrical equipment and materials in the tunnel corridor to increase, thereby increasing the risk of fire. High temperature will cause electrical equipment to overheat, reduce insulation performance, and increase the risk of short circuit and electrical failure. The higher the surface temperature of the electrical equipment, the heavier the load of the equipment is, and the heat dissipation capacity is insufficient, which directly increases the risk of fire. Excessive equipment surface temperature will cause aging, heating or burning of insulating materials. Air flow rate usually has a positive impact on fire risk, because high air flow rate will improve ventilation effect, accelerate heat dissipation, and reduce the risk of equipment overheating. However, when the air flow rate is higher than the standard control air flow rate, it will cause dust and combustible materials to fly, indirectly increasing the risk of fire.

[0035] In a specific embodiment, the triggering conditions for analyzing the sensor device to start collecting environmental parameters are specifically analyzed as follows: each wireless gas sensor and each wireless air pressure sensor are set at each punctuation position, and each wireless gas sensor and each wireless air pressure sensor are used to monitor the corresponding abnormal conditions in the designated tunnel corridor in real time. When the number of wireless gas sensor alarms is greater than the set number of safe wireless gas sensors, the corresponding air pressure change difference of each wireless air pressure sensor within a set time period is obtained, and the corresponding air pressure change difference of each wireless air pressure sensor within the set time period is calculated by the mean, so as to obtain the corresponding average air pressure change difference of the designated tunnel corridor within the set time period. If the corresponding average air pressure change difference of the designated tunnel corridor within the set time period is greater than the set safe air pressure change difference, it means that the triggering conditions for the sensor device to start collecting environmental parameters are met; otherwise, it means that the triggering conditions for the sensor device to start collecting environmental parameters are not met.

[0036] It should be noted that the wireless gas sensors and wireless air pressure sensors are set at the top of each punctuation point and the wireless air pressure sensors are set at the middle of each punctuation point in the vertical direction. Abnormal conditions include the presence of toxic gases in the air, the presence of flammable gases in the air and changes in air pressure. The number of wireless gas sensor alarms refers to the number of wireless gas sensors that will sound an alarm when toxic gases and flammable gases appear in the air. Toxic gases include but are not limited to carbon monoxide and

[0037] In the real-time environmental analysis process, the embodiment of the present invention forms a real-time environmental assessment index by comprehensively analyzing the environmental parameters at each collection time point, which is conducive to dynamic tracking and assessment of fire risks. The real-time environmental assessment index reflects the impact of environmental conditions on fire risks, helps to capture the changing trend of fire risks, and ensures that quick action can be taken when the risk increases.

[0038] Step 4: Real-time environmental analysis: Based on the environmental parameters of each parameter collection point corresponding to each collection time point, the real-time environmental assessment index of each parameter collection point corresponding to each collection time point is analyzed.

[0039] In a specific embodiment, the real-time environmental assessment index corresponding to each collection time point is analyzed, and the specific analysis process is as follows: the corresponding standard control environmental parameters in the specified tunnel corridor are obtained from the database, and the standard control environmental parameters include the standard control ambient temperature, the standard control electrical equipment surface maximum temperature and the standard control air flow rate.

[0040] By calculating the formula The real-time environmental assessment index βt corresponding to each collection time point is obtained, where t is the number corresponding to each collection time point, t=1, 2, ..., n, n is any integer greater than 2, and n is the total number of collection time points. Tt, Yt, and Vt respectively represent the ambient temperature, the maximum surface temperature of electrical equipment, and the air flow rate corresponding to the tth collection time point in the specified tunnel corridor, T′, Y′, and V′ respectively represent the standard control ambient temperature, the standard control maximum surface temperature of electrical equipment, and the standard control air flow rate, and κ1, κ2, and κ3 respectively represent the weight factor corresponding to the set ambient temperature, the weight factor corresponding to the maximum surface temperature of electrical equipment, and the weight factor corresponding to the air flow rate.

[0041] It should be noted that the values ​​of κ1, κ2, and κ3 are all greater than 0 and less than 1.

[0042] It should also be noted that, assuming that in the historical fire analysis of each tunnel corridor, it is found that when the ambient temperature increases by 1°C, the probability of fire increases by 5%, then the weight factor of the ambient temperature should be set to a high value, and the weight factor of the maximum surface temperature of the electrical equipment is based on the possibility of fire directly caused by overheating of the equipment. If the probability of fire caused by overheating is much higher than the normal ambient temperature change, then the weight factor of the maximum surface temperature of the electrical equipment should be larger. The air flow rate affects the spread of fire. If the fire spreads slowly in the low wind speed area, the weight factor value of the air flow rate is set to a low value. Combined with expert opinions and historical data, the weight factor corresponding to the set ambient temperature, the weight factor corresponding to the maximum surface temperature of the electrical equipment, and the weight factor corresponding to the air flow rate are finally obtained. For example, the ambient temperature weight factor is set to 0.4, the maximum surface temperature weight factor of the electrical equipment is 0.5, and the air flow rate weight factor is 0.1.

[0043] Step 5. Comprehensive fire risk assessment: Based on the corresponding structural risk assessment value in the designated tunnel corridor and the real-time environmental assessment index of each parameter collection point corresponding to each collection time point, assess whether the fire risk of the designated tunnel corridor at each collection time point requires an early warning.

[0044] In a specific embodiment, the evaluation specifies whether a warning is required for the fire risk of a tunnel corridor at each collection time point. The specific evaluation process is as follows: according to the structural risk assessment value corresponding to the specified tunnel corridor and the real-time environmental assessment index corresponding to each collection time point, the comprehensive fire risk assessment coefficient corresponding to each collection time point in the specified tunnel corridor is calculated. The comprehensive fire risk assessment coefficient includes -1 and 1. When the comprehensive fire risk assessment coefficient corresponding to a certain collection time point is -1, it indicates that a warning is required for the fire risk of the specified tunnel corridor at the collection time point, and then a fire risk warning and safe evacuation are performed in the specified tunnel corridor. If the comprehensive fire risk assessment coefficient corresponding to a certain collection time point is 1, it indicates that no warning is required for the fire risk of the specified tunnel corridor at the collection time point, thereby evaluating whether a warning is required for the fire risk of the specified tunnel corridor at each collection time point.

[0045] In a specific embodiment, the calculation obtains the comprehensive fire risk assessment coefficient corresponding to each acquisition time point in the specified tunnel corridor, and the specific calculation process is as follows: According to the comprehensive fire risk assessment expression: The comprehensive fire risk assessment coefficient Dt corresponding to each collection time point in the specified tunnel corridor is obtained, where λ1 and λ2 are the weight factors corresponding to the set structural risk assessment value and the weight factor corresponding to the real-time environmental assessment index, respectively, and U is represented by the standard control comprehensive fire risk assessment coefficient threshold.

[0046] It should be noted that the values ​​of λ1 and λ2 are both greater than 0 and less than 1. U is used as the basis for evaluating whether the fire risk of the designated tunnel corridor at each collection time point needs to be warned. For example, when U is 10, α*λ1+β t *When the value of λ2 at a certain collection time point is 15, it indicates that the fire risk of the designated tunnel corridor at that collection time point needs to be warned.

[0047] It should also be noted that the structural risk assessment value directly affects the potential occurrence and spread of fire. Therefore, the structural risk assessment value weight factor is assigned a high value. Although the real-time environmental assessment index affects the development of fire, it is an indirect impact compared to the structural risk assessment value. Therefore, the real-time environmental assessment index weight factor is lower than the structural risk assessment value weight factor. For example, the structural risk assessment value weight factor is set to 0.6, while the real-time environmental factor weight factor is set to 0.4.

[0048] In a specific embodiment, the fire risk warning and safe evacuation in the designated tunnel corridor are specifically analyzed as follows: when the fire risk of the designated tunnel corridor at the collection time point requires a warning prompt, the alarm device in the designated tunnel corridor is triggered to sound an alarm, and the staff in the designated tunnel corridor are guided to evacuate safely through emergency broadcasts and visual signs, and the automatic fire fighting system is turned on to handle the fire risk of the designated tunnel corridor.

[0049] It should be noted that after the staff in the designated tunnel corridor have been safely evacuated, the on-site personnel will be organized to conduct a comprehensive inventory to ensure the safe departure of all personnel, and conduct subsequent risk assessments and event summaries. The automatic fire-fighting system refers to a system that integrates various automation technologies and equipment to automatically execute fire-fighting and control measures when a fire occurs, so as to reduce fire losses and ensure the safety of personnel. The automatic fire-fighting system specifically includes automatic sprinklers and automatic smoke exhaust.

[0050] In the comprehensive fire risk assessment process, the embodiment of the present invention is conducive to achieving a comprehensive risk assessment by combining the structural risk assessment value and the real-time environmental assessment index. This comprehensive assessment method takes into account both equipment status and environmental factors, making the fire risk assessment more comprehensive and accurate. By calculating the comprehensive fire risk assessment coefficient, it is objectively judged whether the fire risk needs an early warning prompt, thereby reducing human judgment errors.

[0051] The tunnel pipe gallery fire risk monitoring and assessment method provided by the present invention, in the process of collecting equipment status indicators, uses a handheld dust detector, a camera and a laser rangefinder to accurately measure the dust coverage, the length of mechanical damage on the outer surface of the cable and the volume of items piled up in the unsafe area, which is conducive to comprehensively assessing the risk status of the equipment. By quantitatively obtaining the dust coverage and the length of mechanical damage to the cable, the aging or failure of the equipment that causes the fire can be discovered in time. The measurement of the volume of items helps to understand the fire burden in the unsafe area, so that timely measures can be taken to prevent the occurrence or spread of the fire. In the process of real-time environmental parameter collection, by setting a temperature sensor and anemometer, and performing point monitoring according to the set distance interval, it is conducive to accurately obtaining the environmental data of each collection point. The real-time monitoring of the ambient temperature and air velocity is conducive to timely identifying temperature anomalies or air velocity changes. The ambient temperature and air velocity data obtained by mean calculation are conducive to providing a more stable and reliable risk assessment basis.

[0052] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the concept of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the concept of the invention or exceed the scope defined in this specification, they shall all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring and assessing fire risks in tunnels and pipe galleries, characterized in that: include: Step 1: Equipment status indicator collection: collect the corresponding equipment status risk indicators in the designated tunnel corridor; Step 2: Equipment status risk analysis: According to the corresponding equipment status risk indicators in the designated tunnel corridor, the corresponding structural risk assessment value in the designated tunnel corridor is analyzed; Step 3: Real-time environmental parameter collection: collect the environmental parameters corresponding to each collection time point; Step 4: Real-time environmental analysis: Based on the environmental parameters of each parameter collection point corresponding to each collection time point, the real-time environmental assessment index of each parameter collection point corresponding to each collection time point is analyzed; Step 5. Comprehensive fire risk assessment: Based on the corresponding structural risk assessment value in the designated tunnel corridor and the real-time environmental assessment index of each parameter collection point corresponding to each collection time point, assess whether the fire risk of the designated tunnel corridor at each collection time point requires an early warning.

2. The method for monitoring and assessing tunnel gallery fire risk according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The structural risk indicators include dust coverage in ventilation ducts, length of mechanical damage on the outer surface of cables and volume of items piled up in unsafe areas. Environmental parameters include ambient temperature, maximum surface temperature of electrical equipment and air flow rate.

3. The method for monitoring and assessing tunnel gallery fire risk according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The specific collection process of the equipment status risk indicators corresponding to the designated tunnel corridor is as follows: Q1. A number of dust collection points a are selected in the ventilation duct of the designated tunnel corridor. The staff uses a handheld dust detection instrument to collect dust at each dust collection point. The area of ​​each dust collection point is b, where b is a positive integer. The dust weight ci corresponding to each dust collection point is obtained. i is the number corresponding to each dust collection point, i=1, 2, ..., a, where a is any integer greater than 2. Then, the dust weight ci corresponding to each dust collection point is obtained by the calculation formula Get the dust coverage A corresponding to the ventilation duct in the specified tunnel gallery; Q2. The camera in the designated tunnel corridor is used to obtain the image of the cable outer surface and the image of the objects piled up in the non-safe area. The image recognition technology is used to obtain the mechanical damage on the cable outer surface. Then, the staff is notified to use a laser rangefinder to measure the location of the mechanical damage on the cable outer surface, thereby obtaining the corresponding length of the mechanical damage on the cable outer surface in the designated tunnel corridor. Q3. Based on the image of the objects piled up in the non-safe area, the specific location of the objects piled up is obtained, and then the staff is notified to go to the specific location of the objects piled up to measure the volume of the objects, so as to use a handheld volume meter to scan and obtain the volume of the objects piled up in the corresponding non-safe area in the designated tunnel corridor.

4. The method for monitoring and assessing tunnel gallery fire risk according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The analysis specifies the corresponding structural risk assessment value in the tunnel corridor. The specific analysis process is as follows: Obtain the standard control equipment status risk indicators corresponding to the specified tunnel corridor from the database. The standard control equipment status risk indicators include dust coverage in the standard ventilation duct, mechanical damage length of the standard cable outer surface, and the volume of items piled up in the standard non-safe area; By calculating the formula The structural risk assessment value α corresponding to the specified tunnel corridor is obtained, where B and C represent the mechanical damage length of the cable outer surface and the volume of items accumulated in the unsafe area in the specified tunnel corridor, respectively; A′, B′, and C′ represent the dust coverage in the standard ventilation duct, the standard mechanical damage length of the cable outer surface, and the volume of items accumulated in the standard unsafe area, respectively; ι1, ι2, and ι3 represent the weight factors corresponding to the set dust coverage in the ventilation duct, the weight factors corresponding to the mechanical damage length of the cable outer surface, and the weight factors corresponding to the volume of items accumulated in the unsafe area, respectively.

5. The method for monitoring and assessing tunnel gallery fire risk according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The environmental parameters corresponding to each collection time point are collected, and the specific collection process is as follows: Each collection time point is set in the designated tunnel corridor. The sensor equipment includes a temperature sensor and an anemometer. Starting from the center of the designated tunnel corridor, the sensor equipment extends to both ends of the tunnel corridor according to the set distance interval, and marks the points according to the set distance interval, so as to obtain the position of each mark point. Each temperature sensor and each anemometer are installed at each mark point to monitor the ambient temperature and air flow rate. When the trigger condition for the sensor equipment to start collecting environmental parameters is reached, the sensor equipment starts to collect environmental parameters, and then obtains the ambient temperature and air flow rate corresponding to each mark point at each collection time point. The ambient temperature and air flow rate at each mark point are calculated by the mean, and the result obtained is the ambient temperature and air flow rate corresponding to each collection time point. Temperature sensors are installed on the surface of the electrical equipment. After the sensor equipment starts collecting environmental parameters, the temperatures of the electrical equipment corresponding to each collection time point are obtained. The temperature with the largest temperature value is selected from the temperatures as the maximum temperature of the surface of the electrical equipment, thereby obtaining the maximum temperature of the surface of the electrical equipment corresponding to each collection time point.

6. The method for monitoring and assessing tunnel gallery fire risk according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The trigger conditions for the analysis sensor device to start collecting environmental parameters are as follows: A wireless gas sensor and a wireless air pressure sensor are arranged at each punctuation point. Each wireless gas sensor and each wireless air pressure sensor is used to monitor the corresponding abnormal conditions in the designated tunnel corridor in real time. When the number of wireless gas sensor alarms is greater than the set number of safe wireless gas sensors, the corresponding air pressure change difference of each wireless air pressure sensor within the set time period is obtained, and the corresponding air pressure change difference of each wireless air pressure sensor within the set time period is calculated by the mean, so as to obtain the corresponding average air pressure change difference of the designated tunnel corridor within the set time period. If the corresponding average air pressure change difference of the designated tunnel corridor within the set time period is greater than the set safe air pressure change difference, it means that the trigger condition for the sensor device to start collecting environmental parameters is met. Otherwise, it means that the trigger condition for the sensor device to start collecting environmental parameters is not met.

7. The method for monitoring and assessing tunnel gallery fire risk according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The real-time environmental assessment index corresponding to each collection time point is analyzed, and the specific analysis process is as follows: Obtain the corresponding standard control environmental parameters in the specified tunnel corridor from the database, the standard control environmental parameters including the standard control ambient temperature, the standard control electrical equipment surface maximum temperature and the standard control air flow rate; By calculating the formula The real-time environmental assessment index βt corresponding to each collection time point is obtained, where t is the number corresponding to each collection time point, t=1, 2, ..., n, n is any integer greater than 2, and n is the total number of collection time points. Tt, Yt, and Vt respectively represent the ambient temperature, the maximum surface temperature of electrical equipment, and the air flow rate corresponding to the tth collection time point in the specified tunnel corridor, T′, Y′, and V′ respectively represent the standard control ambient temperature, the standard control maximum surface temperature of electrical equipment, and the standard control air flow rate, and κ1, κ2, and κ3 respectively represent the weight factor corresponding to the set ambient temperature, the weight factor corresponding to the maximum surface temperature of electrical equipment, and the weight factor corresponding to the air flow rate.

8. The method for monitoring and assessing tunnel gallery fire risk according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The evaluation specifies whether a warning is required for the fire risk of a tunnel corridor at each collection time point. The specific evaluation process is as follows: According to the structural risk assessment value corresponding to the specified tunnel corridor and the real-time environmental assessment index corresponding to each collection time point, the comprehensive fire risk assessment coefficient corresponding to each collection time point in the specified tunnel corridor is calculated. The comprehensive fire risk assessment coefficient includes -1 and 1. When the comprehensive fire risk assessment coefficient corresponding to a certain collection time point is -1, it indicates that the fire risk of the specified tunnel corridor at the collection time point needs to be warned, and then the fire risk warning and safe evacuation in the specified tunnel corridor are carried out. If the comprehensive fire risk assessment coefficient corresponding to a certain collection time point is 1, it indicates that the fire risk of the specified tunnel corridor at the collection time point does not need to be warned, thereby evaluating whether the fire risk of the specified tunnel corridor at each collection time point needs to be warned.

9. The method for monitoring and assessing tunnel gallery fire risk according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The calculation obtains the comprehensive fire risk assessment coefficient corresponding to each collection time point in the specified tunnel corridor. The specific calculation process is as follows: According to the comprehensive fire risk assessment expression: The comprehensive fire risk assessment coefficient Dt corresponding to each collection time point in the specified tunnel corridor is obtained, where λ1 and λ2 are the weight factors corresponding to the set structural risk assessment value and the weight factor corresponding to the real-time environmental assessment index, respectively, and U is represented by the standard control comprehensive fire risk assessment coefficient threshold.

10. The method for monitoring and assessing tunnel gallery fire risk according to claim 8, characterized in that: The specific analysis process of carrying out fire risk warning and safe evacuation in the designated tunnel corridor is as follows: When the fire risk in the designated tunnel corridor needs to be warned at the collection time, the alarm equipment in the designated tunnel corridor is triggered to sound an alarm, and the staff in the designated tunnel corridor are guided to evacuate safely through emergency broadcasts and visual signs, and the automatic fire fighting system is turned on to handle the fire risk of the designated tunnel corridor.

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