Method for preparing fresh bamboo juice by using hydrothermal method

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for preparing fresh bamboo juice by a hydrothermal method, and belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine processing and natural plant extraction. The method comprises the following steps that S1, fresh bamboo wood is cut up or smashed; s2, the bamboo wood is added into a hydrothermal reaction kettle, deionized water is added, and hydrothermal treatment is conducted at the temperature of 120-150 DEG C for 50-60 min; s3, filtering the reaction liquid, and removing residues to obtain primary filtrate; and S4, concentrating the primary filtrate under reduced pressure until the volume is within 1 / 5 of the original volume to obtain the high-concentration fresh bamboo juice. The extraction efficiency of active components in bamboo wood can be remarkably improved, the medicinal components and purity of the fresh bamboo juice are kept, and the method is suitable for industrial production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine processing and natural plant extraction, and in particular to a method for preparing fresh bamboo sap by utilizing a hydrothermal method. Background Art

[0002] Fresh bamboo juice is the liquid naturally leached from the fresh stems of Phylostachys glauca Mc Clure, Pnuda McClure and several other plants of the same genus after heating. It is a traditional Chinese medicinal material with the effects of clearing away heat and detoxifying, moistening the lungs and relieving coughs, and is widely used in the treatment and prevention of respiratory diseases. Fresh bamboo juice contains phenolic acids, amino acids, sugars, alcohols, ketones, flavonoids and other ingredients. As early as the Han Dynasty, "Shennong's Herbal Classic" had records about "bamboo juice". The traditional method of producing fresh bamboo juice is fire roasting. Because it pollutes the environment, most fresh bamboo juice manufacturers currently use dry distillation, and a few manufacturers use steam distillation and other methods.

[0003] 1. Limitations of traditional preparation methods Traditional methods for preparing fresh bamboo sap mostly use dry distillation, physical pressing or steaming, which have the following disadvantages: Waste of raw materials: The dry distillation method requires a large amount of fresh bamboo poles to roast a small amount of bamboo juice, and the process is not environmentally friendly and may cause certain environmental pollution.

[0004] Low extraction rate: The physical pressing method cannot effectively destroy the hard structure of bamboo, resulting in insufficient release of active ingredients and low extraction efficiency.

[0005] Loss of active ingredients: During high-temperature cooking, some heat-sensitive ingredients are easily decomposed, resulting in the loss of active substances.

[0006] More impurities: Fresh bamboo sap obtained by direct steaming or pressing contains more impurities and needs further refining, which increases the complexity of the process.

[0007] 2. Advantages of hydrothermal method The hydrothermal method refers to a method of heating biomass using water as a medium under high temperature and high pressure. Compared with traditional methods, the hydrothermal method has the following advantages: Efficient cell disruption: Hydrothermal treatment can introduce tiny holes and cracks into the cell wall, making the active ingredients more easily released.

[0008] Low environmental pollution: The hydrothermal method does not require the addition of organic solvents, avoids chemical pollution, and is green and environmentally friendly.

[0009] Protection of heat-sensitive ingredients: Proper control of hydrothermal temperature can reduce the decomposition of heat-sensitive ingredients and maintain the stability of active ingredients in fresh bamboo sap.

[0010] In view of the advantages of the hydrothermal method, the present invention proposes a method for preparing fresh bamboo sap by using the hydrothermal method. Summary of the invention

[0011] 1. Technical issues to be resolved The purpose of the present invention is to propose a method for preparing fresh bamboo sap using a hydrothermal method to solve the problems mentioned in the background technology. Compared with the prior art, the present invention effectively improves the extraction efficiency, can ensure the content of active ingredients, reduce the impurity content, and reduce the impact on the environment.

[0012] (II) Technical solution In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A method for preparing fresh bamboo sap by hydrothermal method comprises the following steps: S1. Raw material preparation: Select fresh, mildew-free and pollution-free bamboo (such as newly harvested bamboo), clean it, remove surface impurities, and then chop or crush it to increase the contact area of ​​the hydrothermal reaction; S2, hydrothermal treatment: adding the bamboo material treated in S1 to a hydrothermal reactor, adding deionized water, and performing a hydrothermal reaction in the hydrothermal reactor; during the hydrothermal treatment process, the temperature gradually increases, so that the cell wall structure of the bamboo material is gradually destroyed, and the active ingredients in the bamboo material are promoted to dissolve into the water; S3, cooling and filtration: after the hydrothermal reaction is completed, the reactor is cooled to room temperature under reduced pressure, and then the reactor is opened to take out the reaction liquid; the reaction liquid is filtered by suction to remove the remaining bamboo particles and macromolecular impurities in the reaction liquid to obtain a clear fresh bamboo sap solution; S4, concentration and purification: the fresh bamboo sap solution filtered in S3 is concentrated under reduced pressure at 40° C. to 60° C. until it is concentrated to 1 / 5 to 1 / 3 of the original volume, so as to further remove impurities and increase the relative concentration of active ingredients; S5. Product packaging: The fresh bamboo sap concentrated in S4 is aseptically filtered and then put into a sterile bottle, which is sealed and stored away from light to obtain the final fresh bamboo sap.

[0013] Preferably, in S1, the block diameter of the chopped bamboo is 3-5 cm, and the particle diameter of the crushed bamboo is 5-10 mm.

[0014] Preferably, the mass ratio of the deionized water to the bamboo material in S2 is 10:1 to 30:1.

[0015] Preferably, the specific conditions of the hydrothermal reaction in S2 are: Reaction temperature: 120~150°C, preferably 125°C; Pressure: autogenous pressure, generally maintained at 0.2~0.4 MPa; Reaction time: 50~60 min, preferably 55 min.

[0016] (III) Beneficial effects Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a method for preparing fresh bamboo sap by hydrothermal method, which has the following beneficial effects: (1) Improving the extraction rate: The present invention achieves effective destruction of the bamboo cell structure under hydrothermal conditions, making the active ingredients easier to dissolve and significantly improving the extraction rate.

[0017] (2) Retaining active ingredients: Extraction at an appropriate hydrothermal temperature effectively reduces damage to heat-sensitive components and retains the beneficial active substances in bamboo to the greatest extent.

[0018] (3) Reducing impurities: The selective dissolution characteristics of the hydrothermal method reduce the impurity content, and the obtained fresh bamboo sap has high purity, which reduces the subsequent refining process.

[0019] (4) Green and environmentally friendly: No organic solvents are required, which avoids the environmental pollution caused by traditional methods and meets environmental protection requirements.

[0020] In summary, the present invention can significantly improve the extraction efficiency of active ingredients in bamboo materials, maintain the medicinal ingredients and purity of fresh bamboo sap, and is suitable for industrial production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 The present invention is a flowchart of a method for preparing fresh bamboo sap by hydrothermal method proposed in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 The scanning electron microscope morphology and energy spectrum of bamboo residues obtained by different extraction methods mentioned in Example 3 of the present invention; Figure 3 The bamboo sap water mentioned in Example 3 of the present invention has the following effects on DPPH and ABTS: + Schematic diagram of free radical scavenging ability. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0024] Embodiment 1: See also Figure 1 This example proposes a method for preparing fresh bamboo sap by hydrothermal method, which specifically includes the following contents: Raw material processing: crush fresh bamboo into small particles of 5 mm in size.

[0025] Hydrothermal reaction: Take 10 g of bamboo particles, add 250 mL of deionized water, heat to 125 °C in a hydrothermal reactor, and keep the reaction for 55 min.

[0026] Filtration and cooling: After the reaction is completed, cool to room temperature, filter out solid particles, and obtain the initially filtered fresh bamboo sap solution.

[0027] Concentration: The fresh bamboo sap solution is concentrated under reduced pressure to 1 / 5 of the original volume to obtain high-concentration fresh bamboo sap.

[0028] Final product: The concentrated fresh bamboo juice is aseptically filtered, bottled and sealed for storage.

[0029] Embodiment 2: Based on Example 1, but different in that, Design experiments to verify the hydrothermal extraction effect at different temperatures: By extracting fresh bamboo sap at different hydrothermal temperatures (such as 110℃, 125℃, and 140℃), the changes in the content of active ingredients in the product were analyzed. The results showed that the content of active ingredients in fresh bamboo sap extracted under hydrothermal conditions of 125℃ was the highest, and the product purity was good.

[0030] Embodiment 3: Based on Example 1-2, but different in that, a comparative experiment is designed to verify the characterization performance of the fresh bamboo sap obtained by the present method, specifically including the following contents: Scanning electron microscopic analysis of bamboo residues using different extraction methods See also Figure 2 The surface of bamboo residues extracted by fresh bamboo powder (a1-a3) and water boiling method (b1-b3), hydrothermal method (c1-c3) and dry distillation method (d1-d3) were analyzed by scanning electron microscope and energy spectrum. The results are as follows: Figure 2 As shown. The results showed that in the sample without extraction (Figure a), the surface structure was relatively smooth, the cell wall was relatively intact, the elements were evenly distributed, and there was no enrichment. In addition, the bamboo residue extracted by boiling (Figure b) and dry distillation (Figure d) showed that there was no big difference from the surface of fresh bamboo residue. Its surface structure was relatively intact and there was no obvious cracking, indicating that the elements were also evenly distributed. In contrast, the sample treated by hydrothermal method (Figure c) had a rough texture and more irregular wrinkles and grooves on the surface, showing the collapse and rupture of the structure. In addition, the energy spectrum showed that there was enrichment of Al and Si in the local area of ​​the surface, indicating that this method has a stronger extraction effect during the extraction process, and can extract more substances, so that the elements caused by dissolution or chemical reaction are redistributed.

[0031] Figure 2The destruction of the surface structure of bamboo residue after extraction of c1-3 can be attributed to the effect of high temperature on the polymer structure (such as cellulose) in bamboo powder during the hydrothermal extraction process. Under the high temperature and pressure conditions of hot water, the hydrogen bonds between cellulose molecules may be destroyed, resulting in the relaxation and rupture of the cell wall, which is manifested as wrinkles and grooves observed in the SEM image. The destruction of the cell wall structure reduces the resistance of the material transfer process, allowing the solvent to penetrate into the plant cells more effectively, interact with the compounds in the cells more easily, and promote their release. Therefore, the hydrothermal method has a good extraction efficiency.

[0032] Analysis of Antioxidant Activity of Bamboo Sap Water Free radicals are byproducts produced during cell metabolism. Excessive free radicals can lead to oxidative stress, which can cause various diseases and accelerate aging. + Free radical scavenging rate Figure 3 As the concentration of bamboo sap water increased from 3 mg / mL to 15 mg / mL, its effects on DPPH and ABTS + The free radical scavenging rate was also enhanced, reaching 80.6% and 91.1% respectively, and Vc was nearly 100%. This experiment shows that the bamboo sap water prepared by hydrothermal method has no effect on DPPH, and ABTS + Free radicals have good scavenging ability.

[0033] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0034] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions.

[0035] It should be noted that in the claims, any reference numerals placed between brackets shall not be construed as limiting the claims. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of components or steps not listed in the claims. The word "a" or "an" preceding a component does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such components. The invention may be implemented by means of hardware comprising several different components and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the claims enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by the same hardware. The use of the words first, second, third, etc., is for convenience of expression only and does not indicate any order. These words may be understood as part of the component name.

[0036] In addition, it should be noted that, in the description of this specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "embodiment", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0037] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments after knowing the basic creative concept. Therefore, the claims should be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present invention.

[0038] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention should also include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for preparing fresh bamboo sap by hydrothermal method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Raw material preparation: Select fresh bamboo materials that are free of mildew and pollution, clean them, remove surface impurities, and then chop or crush them; S2, hydrothermal treatment: adding the bamboo material treated in S1 into a hydrothermal reactor, adding deionized water, and performing a hydrothermal reaction in the hydrothermal reactor; S3, cooling and filtration: after the hydrothermal reaction is completed, the reactor is cooled to room temperature under reduced pressure, and then the reactor is opened to take out the reaction liquid; the reaction liquid is filtered by suction to remove the remaining bamboo particles and macromolecular impurities in the reaction liquid to obtain a clear fresh bamboo sap solution; S4, concentration and purification: the fresh bamboo sap solution filtered in S3 is concentrated under reduced pressure at 40° C. to 60° C. until it is concentrated to 1 / 5 to 1 / 3 of the original volume; S5. Product packaging: The fresh bamboo sap concentrated in S4 is aseptically filtered and then put into a sterile bottle, which is sealed and stored away from light to obtain the final fresh bamboo sap.

2. The method for preparing fresh bamboo sap by hydrothermal method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the above S1, the block diameter of the chopped bamboo is 3 to 5 cm, and the particle diameter of the crushed bamboo is 5 to 10 mm.

3. The method for preparing fresh bamboo sap by hydrothermal method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the deionized water to the bamboo material in S2 is 10:1 to 30:

1.

4. The method for preparing fresh bamboo sap by hydrothermal method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The specific conditions of the hydrothermal reaction in S2 are: Reaction temperature: 120-150°C; pressure: 0.2-0.4MPa; reaction time: 50-60min.

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