Accurate powder laying system for additive manufacturing and using method

Abstract

The invention discloses an accurate powder laying system for additive manufacturing and a using method, and belongs to the technical field of additive manufacturing, the accurate powder laying system mainly comprises an intelligent weighing skip car assembly, a transverse driving mechanism, a longitudinal driving mechanism, a scraper blade and a PLC, and accurate feeding and uniform spreading of powder materials can be achieved. And after the pneumatic ball valve is opened, the powder naturally falls to the printing platform under the action of gravity. In the process, the high-precision weighing sensor continuously monitors the change of the total weight of the skip car and inputs data into a PID algorithm for real-time processing, the running speed of the transverse driving mechanism is precisely regulated and controlled, and it is ensured that the powder feeding amount strictly meets the preset standard. In addition, the powder can be evenly spread on the machining platform through the scraping plate. By means of the simple mechanical structure, excellent performance is shown in large additive manufacturing equipment, the powder falling fault real-time alarm function is achieved, the powder falling amount can be accurately detected, the phenomenon that too much or insufficient powder is laid is effectively prevented, and the machining quality and efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and relates to a precise laying system of powder materials in a three-dimensional printing process and a method of using the system. Background Art

[0002] 3D printing technology, also known as additive manufacturing technology, is an advanced manufacturing technology that connects materials layer by layer to form solid parts based on three-dimensional CAD model data. The core of 3D printing technology is that it can directly transform complex geometric structures from digital models into reality to reduce material waste and manufacturing time in traditional manufacturing processes. The present invention adopts selective laser sintering (SLS) technology, which usually uses fine powder as printing material, selectively melts the powder through laser or other heat sources, and accumulates layer by layer. Selective laser sintering mainly uses plastic powder, metal powder or ceramic powder, so it has extremely high requirements on the laying quality of the powder layer. The uniformity of the powder layer, thickness control and overall laying quality will directly affect the accuracy and performance of the final part.

[0003] Faced with the increasing forming format of 3D printing equipment, it means that the powder spreading device must maintain or improve the laying accuracy and efficiency while covering a larger area. The powder spreading device proposed by Dong Yaoqing et al. [Dong Yaoqing, Che Jun. Research on electron beam 3D printing powder spreading system [J]. Science and Technology and Innovation, 2024, (12): 47-50+54.] consists of a V-shaped powder supply box, a roller and a powder recovery box. The V-shaped powder supply box is difficult to process and it is difficult to ensure that the leak is parallel to the printing surface during installation, which can easily cause insufficient or excessive powder supply, increasing material waste and manufacturing costs.

[0004] In order to solve these problems, the powder spreading device in the 3D printing equipment should be equipped with automatic control technology. For example, a precise motor control system can be used to adjust the movement speed and pressure of the scraper to ensure that each layer of powder can be laid evenly. At the same time, the height and weight of the powder layer can be monitored in real time by combining sensor technology, and with advanced algorithms such as PID control, the amount of powder falling can be accurately controlled. In addition, modern powder spreading devices also integrate fault detection and alarm systems, which can promptly remind the operator or automatically make corrections when problems occur during laying, ensuring the stability and reliability of the laying process. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to achieve precise control of the powder placement and paving process, the present invention provides a precise powder paving system for additive manufacturing, which can monitor the material quality changes in the material cart in real time, regulate the amount of material dropped through a controller (PLC), and have fault detection and alarm functions to ensure the uniformity and accuracy of the powder layer paving. The technology provided by the present invention is particularly suitable for the supply and control of powder materials in the additive manufacturing process. The core is to involve an intelligent weighing material cart assembly, which realizes the precise placement and uniform spreading of powder materials by controlling the opening and closing of the pneumatic ball valve and the coordinated operation of the horizontal and vertical drive mechanisms. In the intelligent weighing material cart system, once the pneumatic ball valve at the bottom of the material cart receives the start signal and opens, the powder falls naturally to the printing platform under the action of gravity. In this process, the high-precision weighing sensor continuously monitors the total weight change of the material cart, and inputs the data into the PID algorithm for real-time processing to accurately regulate the running speed of the horizontal drive mechanism to ensure that the amount of powder delivered strictly meets the preset standards. In addition, the scraper device is installed under the transverse driving mechanism and is controlled by the longitudinal driving mechanism to move along a predetermined trajectory to achieve uniform spreading of the powder on the processing platform.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A precise powder laying system for additive manufacturing, the precise powder laying system comprising an intelligent weighing material cart component 1, a scraper 2, a powder laying platform 3, a transverse driving mechanism 4, a longitudinal driving mechanism 5, and a controller PLC, such as Figure 1 The controller PLC is the control center of the precise powder laying system. It receives feedback signals from the intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1, the lateral drive mechanism 4 and the longitudinal drive mechanism 5, processes data and issues instructions to achieve precise control of the entire system. Each part is described as follows:

[0008] The intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1 is connected and cooperated with the scraper 2, the transverse driving mechanism 4, and the longitudinal driving mechanism 5; the scraper 2 is fixedly connected under the transverse driving mechanism 4, and the guide rail 42 of the transverse driving mechanism 4 is fixedly connected to the connecting frame 58 of the longitudinal driving mechanism 5; the powder spreading platform 3 is a key component in the laser selective melting technology, which is used to spread powder during the additive manufacturing process; the intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1, the scraper 2 and the transverse driving mechanism 4 are driven by the longitudinal driving mechanism 5, and perform a flat spreading action on the powder spreading platform 3 to evenly spread the powder to the powder spreading platform 3.

[0009] The intelligent weighing material cart assembly 1 mainly includes a hopper 11, a weighing sensor 12, a pneumatic ball valve 13, a connecting frame 14, and a connecting frame 2 15. Figure 2 As shown. Specifically:

[0010] The hopper 11 is opened at the upper and lower parts, and is used to store powder to be spread; the connecting frame 14 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hopper 11 as a supporting structure, and is used to transmit the weight information in the hopper 11; the pneumatic ball valve 13 is installed at the discharge port of the hopper 11, and is connected to the controller PLC, and is used to control the discharge of powder; the weighing sensor 12 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting frame 14, and is used to output the weight information in the hopper 11 through the controller PLC; the connecting frame 2 15 is fixedly connected to the slide 41 of the transverse drive mechanism 4, and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the weighing sensor 12, and is used to drive the intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1 to be fixedly connected to the slide 41.

[0011] Furthermore, the weight information of the powder is collected by the weighing sensor 12 and sent to the controller PLC, so as to correct the movement speed of the slide 41 and realize the precise control of the amount of material dropped; further, the working principle of the weighing sensor 12 is as follows: when the mass of the powder in the hopper 11 changes, the elastic element in the weighing sensor 12 is deformed, thereby changing its internal resistance value; the weighing sensor 12 converts the change of resistance value into an electrical signal output, which is converted into an analog signal readable by the controller PLC after amplification and filtering by the data acquisition module, and is read and recorded in real time; further, the weighing sensor 12 uses a piezoresistive weighing sensor because of its high precision, high stability and good linearity.

[0012] The lateral drive mechanism 4 is used to carry and realize the lateral reciprocating movement of the intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1, so as to realize the mobile powder dropping operation, that is, the intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1 can move lateraly along the guide rail 42, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0013] The transverse driving mechanism 4 includes a slide trolley 41, a guide rail 42, a synchronous belt 43, a servo motor 44, and a support seat 45;

[0014] The slide trolley 41 is slidably connected via a synchronous belt 43, so that the slide 41 can achieve smooth operation and precise positioning on the guide rail 42;

[0015] The guide rail 42 is fixedly connected to the connecting frame 58 of the longitudinal drive mechanism 5, providing a stable linear motion path for the slide trolley 41. The guide rail 42 is fixedly connected to the scraper 2;

[0016] Furthermore, the guide rail 42 can directly affect the running stability and accuracy of the slide trolley 41. The design pursues the minimum friction coefficient and the highest rigidity to ensure that the slide trolley 41 can move smoothly on it and avoid affecting the weighing accuracy due to vibration or deviation;

[0017] The synchronous belt 43 is meshedly connected with the synchronous wheel 451 in the support seat 45 to ensure the high-speed and stable movement of the slide trolley 41; further, the synchronous belt 43 converts the rotational power of the servo motor 44 into the linear motion of the slide trolley 41;

[0018] Furthermore, the transmission of the synchronous belt 43 becomes a better choice in the rapid movement of intelligent powder spreading. At the same time, the maintenance of the synchronous belt 43 is relatively simple, and the replacement cost is low;

[0019] The servo motor 44 is connected to the synchronous wheel 451 on the support seat 45 through the output shaft, so that the servo motor 44 can accurately control the position and speed of the synchronous belt 43; further, the servo motor 44 is an actuator in the intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1, and the speed is accurately controlled by the pulse command of the PLC to achieve accurate control of the speed and position of the slide trolley 41;

[0020] The support seat 45 includes a synchronous wheel 451; a coupling 452; and a connecting shaft 453. Specifically, the synchronous wheels 451 are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the guide rail 42, and the synchronous belts 43 are respectively sleeved on the synchronous wheels 451 on the support seats 45 at both ends, and the synchronous belts 43 are meshingly connected with the synchronous wheels 451 in the support seat 45; the slide trolley 41 and the synchronous belt 43 are slidably connected and slide on the guide rail 42; the output shaft of the servo motor 44 is rotatably connected with the coupling 452, the connecting shaft 453, and the synchronous wheel 451, such as Figure 5 As shown; when the servo motor 44 rotates, the connecting shaft 453 transmits torque through the coupling 452, and the transmission of the synchronous wheel 451 in the support seat 45 can drive the slide trolley 41 to slide on the guide rail 42; thus driving the intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1 and the scraper 2 to slide;

[0021] The longitudinal drive mechanism 5 includes a longitudinal slide trolley 51, a guide rail 52, a synchronous belt 53, a servo motor 54, a support seat 55, a connecting shaft 56, a coupling 57, a connecting frame 58 and a base 59. Figure 4 As shown. Specifically:

[0022] There are two longitudinal slide trolleys 51, which are slidably connected to the guide rail 52 through a synchronous belt 53; the transverse drive mechanism 4 is fixedly connected to the two longitudinal slide trolleys 51 of the longitudinal drive mechanism 5 through a connecting frame 58, and moves accordingly with the movement of the longitudinal slide trolley 51; further, the longitudinal slide trolley 51 plays the role of carrying and moving the intelligent weighing material car 1 and the transverse drive mechanism 4 in the longitudinal drive mechanism 4;

[0023] The guide rails 52 are provided with two, and the guide rails 52 are fixedly connected to the powder spreading platform 3 through the base 59, providing a stable and reliable reciprocating longitudinal motion track for the longitudinal slide trolley 51;

[0024] The synchronous belt 53 is provided with two, and is meshedly connected with the synchronous belt 53 through the synchronous wheel 551 in the support seat 55, so as to ensure the high-speed and stable movement of the longitudinal slide trolley 51;

[0025] The servo motor 54 is connected to the synchronous wheel 551 on the support seat 55 through the output shaft, so that the servo motor 54 can accurately control the position and speed of the synchronous belt 53; further, the servo motor 54 is used as a power source to achieve accurate control of the longitudinal movement speed and position of the longitudinal slide trolley 5;

[0026] There are four support seats 55, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the guide rail 52; further, the support seat 55 includes a synchronous wheel 551; a coupling 552; and a connecting shaft 553, wherein the synchronous wheels 551 are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the guide rail 52; the synchronous belt 53 is respectively sleeved on the synchronous wheels 551 at both ends of the support seat 55, and the synchronous belt 53 is meshingly connected with the synchronous wheels 551 in the support seat 55;

[0027] Furthermore, the output shaft of the servo motor 54 is rotatably connected with the coupling 552, the connecting shaft 553, and the synchronous wheel 551. When the servo motor 54 rotates, the connecting shaft 553 transmits torque through the coupling 552. The transmission of the synchronous wheel 551 in the support seat 55 can drive the longitudinal slide trolley 51 to slide on the guide rail 52, which is similar to the transmission of the transverse drive mechanism 4. The support seats 55 on the same side of the two guide rails 52 are rotatably connected through the connecting shaft 56 and the coupling 57.

[0028] The connecting shaft 56 rotatably connects the two guide rails 52 and the support seat 55 through the coupling 57 to ensure that they can rotate synchronously; the coupling 57 is used to extend the shaft of the two support seats 55 to rotate and connect;

[0029] Furthermore, when the servo motor 54 rotates, the motor output shaft and the connecting shaft 553 are rotationally connected, and the torque is transmitted through the coupling 552 and the synchronous wheel 551 in the support seat 45. The connecting shaft 56 and the coupling 57 transmit the torque to the support seat and the guide rail on the other side, which can drive the longitudinal slide trolley 51 to slide on the guide rail 52, so as to drive the scraper 2 to perform a flat powder spreading operation on the powder spreading platform 3.

[0030] A method for using a precise powder laying system for additive manufacturing, comprising the following steps:

[0031] At the initial moment, the longitudinal drive mechanism 5, the slide trolley 41 and the intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1 are all in the position to be dropped;

[0032] The weighing sensor 12 collects the weight information of the powder stored in the hopper 11 in the intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1, sends it to the controller PLC and opens the pneumatic ball valve 13 to start spreading the powder on the powder spreading platform 3;

[0033] The controller PLC calculates the amount of powder required for single-layer printing, converts it into the rotation speed of the servo motor 44 by the formula, and drives the intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1 to start moving along the guide rail 42;

[0034] The servo motor 44 accurately controls the rotation speed through the feedback pulse command of the PLC, and transmits the torque through the coupling 452, the connecting shaft 453, the synchronous wheel 451 and the synchronous belt 43 in the support seat 45, so that the slide trolley 41 performs a lateral reciprocating movement;

[0035] At the same time, the controller PLC processes the weight information from the weighing sensor and dynamically adjusts the speed of the lateral drive mechanism through the PID algorithm to ensure that the amount of powder falling is within a given accuracy range;

[0036] When the slide trolley 41 moves back and forth laterally, the speed and displacement of the slide trolley 41 are adjusted in real time;

[0037] After the intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1 completes the powder dropping action, the slide trolley 41 and the intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1 return to the initial position;

[0038] The servo motor 54 in the longitudinal drive mechanism 5 accurately controls the rotation speed through the feedback pulse command of the PLC, transmits the torque through the coupling 552, the connecting shaft 553, the synchronous wheel 551 and the synchronous belt 53 in the support seat 55, and drives the longitudinal slide trolley 51 to perform a longitudinal reciprocating movement along the straight path of the guide rail 52;

[0039] The longitudinal driving mechanism 5 drives the scraper 2 fixedly connected to the transverse driving mechanism 4 to perform a flat spreading action on the powder spreading platform 3, so as to evenly spread the powder to the processing platform;

[0040] During the whole process, the system monitors the weight changes of the intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1 in real time through the controller PLC. Once an abnormality is found, the system will immediately start the fault detection and alarm function to ensure the uniformity and accuracy of the powder layer laying.

[0041] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0042] (1) The present invention realizes precise control of the amount of material dropped through the intelligent weighing trolley assembly and PID algorithm; realizes uniform laying of powder through the lateral drive mechanism and the longitudinal drive mechanism; improves the stability and reliability of the system through the fault detection and alarm function; and has advantages in large-format additive manufacturing equipment due to its easy design and installation structure and expandable forming format.

[0043] (2) The present invention has demonstrated excellent performance in large-scale additive manufacturing equipment with its simple mechanical structure. It not only has a real-time alarm function for powder falling failure, but also can accurately detect the amount of powder falling, effectively preventing excessive or insufficient powder spreading, thereby improving processing quality and efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of a precise powder laying system with a weighing sensor according to the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 A three-dimensional diagram of an intelligent weighing trolley assembly in a precise powder material laying system with a weighing sensor according to the present invention; Figure 2 (a) is a schematic diagram of the overall structure with a connecting frame; Figure 2 (b) is a schematic diagram of the overall structure without the connecting frame 1;

[0046] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional diagram of a transverse driving mechanism in a precise powder material laying system with a weighing sensor of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional diagram of a longitudinal driving mechanism in a precise powder material laying system with a weighing sensor of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 It is a partial cross-sectional view of a transverse driving mechanism in a precise powder material laying system with a weighing sensor of the present invention;

[0049] Among them: intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1; scraper 2; powder spreading platform 3; transverse driving mechanism 4; longitudinal driving mechanism 5;

[0050] Hopper 11; weighing sensor 12; pneumatic ball valve 13; connecting frame 1 14; connecting frame 2 15;

[0051] Slide trolley 41; guide rail 42; synchronous belt 43; servo motor 44; support seat 45; synchronous wheel 451; coupling 452; connecting shaft 453;

[0052] Longitudinal slide trolley 51; guide rail 52; synchronous belt 53; servo motor 54; support seat 55; connecting shaft 56; coupling 57; connecting frame 58; base 59; synchronous wheel 551; coupling 552; connecting shaft 553. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0054] In order to achieve accurate control of the powder placement and paving process, the present invention discloses an accurate powder paving system for additive manufacturing, the main mechanical components of which include an intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1, a scraper 2, a powder paving platform 3, a lateral drive mechanism 4, a longitudinal drive mechanism 5, and a controller PLC, such as Figure 1 shown.

[0055] The intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1 mainly includes a hopper 11, a weighing sensor 12, a pneumatic ball valve 13, a connecting frame 14, a connecting frame 2 15 and other components. Figure 2 As shown, there is a gap between the connecting frame 14 and the connecting frame 2 15, and the weighing sensor 12 can be seen when the connecting frame 14 is hidden.

[0056] The weight information of the powder material stored in the hopper 11 with the spread powder is collected by the weighing sensor 12 and sent to and controlled to open the pneumatic ball valve 13 to achieve accurate material delivery.

[0057] As a preferred embodiment, connecting frame 1 14 and connecting frame 2 15 are the supporting structures of the components in the intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1. Connecting frame 14 is fixedly arranged under the hopper 11 and is used to transmit the weight information in the hopper 11; connecting frame 2 15 is fixed on the slide trolley 41 of the transverse driving mechanism 4 and is used for the transverse movement of the intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1 to spread powder.

[0058] The lateral driving mechanism 4 is used for the intelligent weighing material cart assembly 1 to perform lateral reciprocating movement, thereby realizing the mobile powder spreading operation;

[0059] As a preferred embodiment, the lateral driving mechanism 4 includes a slide 41, a guide rail 42, a synchronous belt 43, a servo motor 44 and a support seat 45. Figure 3 As shown. Specifically:

[0060] The support seat 45 includes a synchronous wheel 451, a coupling 452, and a connecting shaft 453, and the synchronous wheels 451 are arranged opposite to each other at the two ends of the guide rail 42, and the synchronous belts 43 are respectively sleeved on the synchronous wheels 451 on the support seats 45 at both ends, and the synchronous belts 43 are meshingly connected with the synchronous wheels 451 in the support seat 45; the slide 41 and the synchronous belt 43 are fixedly connected and slide on the guide rail 42, and the servo motor 44 is fixedly arranged on the support seat 45; the servo motor 44 transmits torque through the coupling 452, the connecting shaft 453, the synchronous wheel 451 and the synchronous belt 43 in the support seat 45, so that the slide trolley 41 moves back and forth laterally along the path of the guide rail 42, so as to drive the intelligent weighing material car assembly 1 and the scraper 2 to slide, such as Figure 5 As shown;

[0061] The main function of the longitudinal drive mechanism 5 is to connect the scraper 2, and to drive the scraper 2 to perform a flat paving action on the powder paving platform 3 and to realize the longitudinal movement of the intelligent weighing trolley assembly 1;

[0062] As a preferred embodiment, the longitudinal drive mechanism 5 includes two longitudinal slide carriages 51, two guide rails 52, two synchronous belts 53, a servo motor 54, four support seats 55, a connecting shaft 56, a coupling 57, two connecting frames, and six bases; two guide rails 52 are arranged opposite to each other, and support seats 55 are arranged on both sides of each guide rail, such as Figure 4 As shown; specifically:

[0063] The support seat 55 includes a synchronous wheel 551, a coupling 552, and a connecting shaft 553, and two synchronous wheels 551 are arranged opposite to each other at both ends of the guide rail 52; the synchronous belt 53 is respectively sleeved on the synchronous wheels 551 on the support seats 55 at both ends, and the synchronous belt 53 is meshingly connected with the synchronous wheels 551 in the support seat 55; the support seats on the same side of the two guide rails 52 are rotatably connected by a connecting shaft 56 and a coupling 57; the two longitudinal slide trolleys 51 are fixedly connected to the synchronous belt 53 and slide along the straight path of the guide rail 52; the output of the servo motor 54 The output shaft is rotatably connected with the coupling 552, the connecting shaft 553 and the synchronous wheel 551. When the servo motor 54 rotates, the connecting shaft 553 transmits torque through the coupling 552. The transmission of the synchronous wheel 551 in the support seat 55 can drive the longitudinal slide trolley 51 to slide on the guide rail 52. The support seats 55 on the same side of the two guide rails 52 are rotatably connected through the connecting shaft 56 and the coupling 57, which can drive the slide 51 to slide on the guide rail 52. Therefore, the scraper 2 is driven to perform a flat powder spreading operation on the powder spreading platform 3.

[0064] The above-described embodiments merely express the implementation methods of the present invention, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A precise powder laying system for additive manufacturing, characterized in that: The precise powder laying system comprises an intelligent weighing trolley assembly (1), a scraper (2), a powder laying platform (3), a transverse driving mechanism (4), a longitudinal driving mechanism (5), and a controller PLC; the powder laying platform (3) is used to lay powder in the additive manufacturing process; the transverse driving mechanism (4) is used to carry and realize the transverse reciprocating movement of the intelligent weighing trolley assembly (1) to realize the mobile powder dropping operation; the controller PLC receives feedback signals from the intelligent weighing trolley assembly (1), the transverse driving mechanism (4) and the longitudinal driving mechanism (5), performs data processing and issues instructions to realize precise control of the entire system; The intelligent weighing trolley assembly (1) is connected and cooperated with the scraper (2), the transverse driving mechanism (4), and the longitudinal driving mechanism (5); the scraper (2) is fixedly connected below the transverse driving mechanism (4), and the guide rail (42) of the transverse driving mechanism (4) is fixedly connected to the connecting frame (58) of the longitudinal driving mechanism (5); the intelligent weighing trolley assembly (1), the scraper (2) and the transverse driving mechanism (4) are driven by the longitudinal driving mechanism (5) to perform a flat spreading action on the powder spreading platform (3), so as to evenly spread the powder on the powder spreading platform (3).

2. A precise powder laying system for additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent weighing trolley assembly (1) comprises a hopper (11), a weighing sensor (12), a pneumatic ball valve (13), a connecting frame 1 (14), and a connecting frame 2 (15). Specifically, the hopper (11) has upper and lower openings and is used to store powder to be spread; the connecting frame 1 (14) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the hopper (11) as a supporting structure and is used to transmit weight information in the hopper (11); the pneumatic ball valve (13) is installed at the discharge port of the hopper (11) and is connected to the controller PLC and is used to control the discharge of the powder; the weighing sensor (12) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting frame 1 (14) and is used to output the weight information in the hopper (11) through the controller PLC; the connecting frame 2 (15) is fixedly connected to the slide trolley (41) of the transverse driving mechanism (4) and is fixedly connected to the bottom of the weighing sensor (12) and is used to fix the intelligent weighing trolley assembly (1) to the slide trolley (41).

3. A precise powder laying system for additive manufacturing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The weighing sensor (12) is a piezoresistive weighing sensor. The weight information of the powder is collected by the weighing sensor (12) and sent to the controller PLC, thereby correcting the moving speed of the slide trolley (41) to achieve accurate control of the amount of material dropped.

4. A precise powder laying system for additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transverse driving mechanism (4) comprises a slide trolley (41), a guide rail (42), a synchronous belt (43), a servo motor (44), and a support seat (45); specifically: The slide trolley (41) realizes its operation and positioning on the guide rail (42) through a synchronous belt (43), and the synchronous belt (43) is connected to the synchronous wheel (451) in the support seat (45) by meshing type; the guide rail (42) is fixedly connected to the connecting frame (58) of the longitudinal drive mechanism (5), providing a linear motion path for the slide trolley (41); the servo motor (44) is connected to the synchronous wheel (451) on the support seat (45) through the output shaft, and the rotation of the servo motor (44) is controlled by PLC to realize the control of the speed and position of the slide trolley (41).

5. A precise powder laying system for additive manufacturing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support seat (45) includes a synchronous wheel (451), a coupling (452), and a connecting shaft (453), specifically: The synchronous wheels (451) are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the guide rail (42), and the synchronous belts (43) are respectively mounted on the synchronous wheels (451) on the support seats (45) at both ends, and the synchronous belts (43) are meshingly connected with the synchronous wheels (451) in the support seats (45); the slide trolley (41) and the synchronous belt (43) are slidably connected and slide on the guide rail (42); the output shaft of the servo motor (44) is rotationally connected with the coupling (452), the connecting shaft (453), and the synchronous wheel (451); when the servo motor (44) rotates, the connecting shaft (453) transmits torque through the coupling (452), and the transmission of the synchronous wheel (451) in the support seat (45) can drive the slide trolley (41) to slide on the guide rail (42); thereby driving the intelligent weighing material cart assembly (1) and the scraper (2) to slide.

6. The precise powder laying system for additive manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The longitudinal drive mechanism (5) comprises a longitudinal slide trolley (51), a guide rail (52), a synchronous belt (53), a servo motor (54), a support seat (55), a connecting shaft (56), a coupling (57), a connecting frame (58) and a base (59); specifically: There are two longitudinal slide trolleys (51) in total, which are slidably connected to the guide rail (52) through a synchronous belt (53); the transverse driving mechanism (4) is fixedly connected to the two longitudinal slide trolleys (51) of the longitudinal driving mechanism (5) through a connecting frame (58), and moves with the movement of the longitudinal slide trolleys (51); The guide rails (52) are provided with two, and the guide rails (52) are fixedly connected to the powder spreading platform (3) via a base (59); The synchronous belt (53) is provided with two, and is meshingly connected with the synchronous belt (53) through a synchronous wheel (551) in the support seat (55); The servo motor (54) is connected to the synchronous wheel (551) on the support seat (55) through the output shaft; There are four support seats (55), which are respectively arranged on both sides of the guide rail (52), and the support seats (55) are rotatably connected to each other via a connecting shaft (56) and a coupling (57); The connecting shaft (56) rotatably connects the two guide rails (52) and the support seat (55) via a coupling (57); The coupling (57) is used to extend the shafts of the two support seats (55) to rotate and connect them.

7. A precise powder laying system for additive manufacturing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The support seat (55) comprises a synchronous wheel (551), a coupling (552), and a connecting shaft (553), wherein the synchronous wheels (551) are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the guide rail (52); the synchronous belt (53) is respectively sleeved on the synchronous wheels (551) at both ends of the support seat (55), and the synchronous belt (53) is meshingly connected with the synchronous wheel (551) in the support seat (55); When the servo motor (54) rotates, the output shaft of the servo motor (54) and the connecting shaft (553) are connected in rotation, and the torque is transmitted through the coupling (552) and the synchronous wheel (551) in the support seat (45). The connecting shaft (56) and the coupling (57) transmit the torque to the support seat and the guide rail on the other side, driving the longitudinal slide trolley (51) to slide on the guide rail (52), so as to drive the scraper (2) to perform a flat powder spreading operation on the powder spreading platform (3).

8. A method for using the precise powder laying system for additive manufacturing according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: At the initial moment, the longitudinal drive mechanism (5), the slide trolley (41) and the intelligent weighing trolley assembly (1) are all in the position to be dropped; The weighing sensor (12) collects the weight information of the powder stored in the hopper (11) of the intelligent weighing trolley assembly (1), sends it to the controller PLC and opens the pneumatic ball valve (13), and starts to spread the powder on the powder spreading platform (3); The controller PLC calculates the amount of powder required for single-layer printing and converts it into the rotation speed of the servo motor (44), driving the intelligent weighing trolley assembly (1) to start moving along the guide rail (42); The servo motor (44) accurately controls the rotation speed through the feedback pulse command of the PLC, and transmits the torque through the coupling (452), the connecting shaft (453), the synchronous wheel (451) and the synchronous belt (43) in the support seat (45), so that the slide carriage (41) performs a lateral reciprocating movement; At the same time, the controller PLC processes the weight information from the weighing sensor and dynamically adjusts the speed of the lateral drive mechanism through the PID algorithm to ensure that the amount of powder falling is within a given accuracy range; When the slide carriage (41) moves back and forth laterally, the speed and displacement of the slide carriage (41) are adjusted in real time; After the intelligent weighing trolley assembly (1) completes the powder dropping action, the slide trolley (41) and the intelligent weighing trolley assembly (1) return to the initial position; The servo motor (54) in the longitudinal drive mechanism (5) accurately controls the rotation speed through the feedback pulse command of the PLC, transmits the torque through the coupling (552), the connecting shaft (553), the synchronous wheel (551) and the synchronous belt (53) in the support seat (55), and drives the longitudinal slide trolley (51) to perform a longitudinal reciprocating movement along the straight path of the guide rail (52); The longitudinal driving mechanism (5) drives the scraper (2) fixedly connected to the transverse driving mechanism (4) to perform a spreading action on the powder spreading platform (3), so as to evenly spread the powder on the processing platform; During the whole process, the system monitors the weight change of the intelligent weighing trolley assembly (1) in real time through the controller PLC to ensure the uniformity and accuracy of the powder layer laying.

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