Multifunctional agricultural waste composting treatment equipment and method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses multifunctional agricultural waste composting treatment equipment and a method thereof, and relates to the technical field of composting facilities, the multifunctional agricultural waste composting treatment equipment comprises a composting tank mechanism, and a material treatment structure is arranged on the upper surface of the composting tank mechanism in a penetrating manner; the in-tank material stirring mechanism is fixed in the center of the upper surface of the composting tank mechanism and penetrates into the composting tank mechanism, and the composting wastewater extraction mechanism penetrates into an inner cavity of the composting tank mechanism. According to the technical scheme, the material crushing treatment structure, the compost wastewater extraction mechanism and the in-tank material stirring mechanism are arranged in the tank body, so that compost materials fed into the tank can be crushed in the feeding stage, the compost fermentation time of the materials is shortened, the materials in the compost stage can be stirred through the stirring mechanism, and the compost fermentation efficiency is improved. Therefore, the internal materials are fully fermented; and when excessive water is accumulated in the tank, excessive water is pumped away by virtue of the compost wastewater pumping mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of composting facilities, and in particular to multifunctional agricultural waste composting treatment equipment and a method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Composting is one of the key technologies of global organic agriculture, and its core is the circulation of organic matter. Microbial engineering such as composting, agricultural enzymes, feed, and biogas can transform waste resources into fertilizers, which is a necessary measure to promote the safe return of organic matter to the fields. Composting uses the decomposition and metabolism of microorganisms to decompose and mineralize macromolecular organic matter in the accumulated organic matter, and transform it into stable, safe, and nutrient-rich organic fertilizer.

[0003] However, temperature is the key to composting. The higher the temperature, the stronger the activity of the microbial community and the higher the decomposition efficiency. At the same time, high temperature can kill or inhibit pathogens and kill weed seeds; but the temperature cannot be too high, and the pile needs to be turned when the temperature is too high. And moisture is also a key factor restricting composting. Since composting relies on the activity of microorganisms, the more water content the better in terms of satisfying microbial growth. However, the higher the water content, the easier it is to cause the pile to form anaerobic conditions. Based on the above, those skilled in the art have proposed a multifunctional agricultural waste composting treatment equipment and method. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the defects of the agricultural waste composting facilities mentioned in the above background technology, such as single function and insufficient composting environment control, a technical solution of a multifunctional agricultural waste composting treatment equipment is provided;

[0005] The compost tank mechanism comprises a material processing structure provided on the upper surface of the compost tank mechanism, a material stirring mechanism fixed at the central position of the upper surface of the compost tank mechanism and extending into the interior of the compost tank mechanism, and a compost wastewater extraction mechanism extending into the inner cavity of the compost tank mechanism, and a tank body heat preservation layer is provided on the outer ring surface of the compost tank mechanism;

[0006] The compost tank mechanism comprises a tank body, an end cover fixed to an upper port of the tank body, and a discharge port penetrating and fixed to an end surface of the bottom of the tank body;

[0007] The material processing structure includes a flat tank, a feed pipe fixed to the lower end of the flat tank, a waterproof motor fixed in the inner cavity of the feed pipe, and a screen fixed in the lower end of the feed pipe, and the output shaft of the waterproof motor is connected to a transmission shaft through a coupling, and three circles of crushing blades arranged in a circular array are fixed on the outer ring of the transmission shaft;

[0008] The material stirring mechanism in the tank includes a stirring drive motor, a rotating shaft connected to the output shaft of the stirring drive motor through a coupling and extending through the inner cavity of the tank body, and a stirring paddle is arranged on the outer ring of the rotating shaft;

[0009] The composting wastewater extraction mechanism includes a water pump, a solenoid valve and a servo water pump fixed on the external section of the water pump, and a water suction cover fixed on the port of the water pump located inside the tank, and a net cylinder is fixed to the inner cavity of the water suction cover; the tank body insulation layer includes a foam ring sleeved on the outer ring of the tank body, and a ceramic insulation ring sleeved on the outer ring of the foam ring.

[0010] In the technical solution of the above-mentioned multifunctional agricultural waste composting treatment equipment, preferably, a circle of screws are penetrated and locked between the edge of the top port of the tank body and the inner edge of the end cover, and the screws are arranged in a ring array, and a through hole for the discharge port to pass through is opened on the bottom surface of the tank body, and a valve for controlling the discharge is arranged inside the discharge port; wherein, a through hole for the feed pipe to pass through and be fixed is opened on the right side of the top surface of the end cover.

[0011] In the technical solution of the above-mentioned multifunctional agricultural waste composting treatment equipment, preferably, there is an angle of 20-40° between the axis of the feed pipe and the upper end surface of the end cover, and the lower port of the flat tank and the upper port of the feed pipe are interconnected.

[0012] In the technical solution of the above-mentioned multifunctional agricultural waste composting treatment equipment, preferably, the interior of the sieve is provided with 20-30 sieve holes arranged in a rectangular array, and a bearing seat is fixed on the upper surface of the sieve, and a bearing adapted to the bottom end of the transmission shaft is installed inside the bearing seat.

[0013] In the technical solution of the above-mentioned multifunctional agricultural waste composting treatment equipment, preferably, four fixing rods are fixed in a circular array on the top of the inner cavity of the feed pipe, and the ends of the fixing rods close to each other are fixedly connected to the side wall of the outer shell of the waterproof motor.

[0014] In the technical solution of the above-mentioned multifunctional agricultural waste composting treatment equipment, preferably, a sealing port is fixed to the upper port of the flat tank, a sealing cover is installed on the left side wall of the sealing port through a hinge, and a handle is installed on the top surface of the sealing cover, wherein a bolt is rotatably installed on the right side wall of the sealing port, and a notch for the bolt to be inserted is opened on the right side wall of the sealing cover.

[0015] In the technical solution of the above-mentioned multifunctional agricultural waste composting treatment equipment, preferably, a circular hole for the passage and fixation of a water pumping pipe is opened on the left side of the top surface of the end cover, and the bottom end of the water pumping pipe passes through the bottom space of the inner cavity of the tank body, and a liquid level sensor is installed on the side wall of the inner cavity of the tank body.

[0016] In the technical solution of the above-mentioned multifunctional agricultural waste composting treatment equipment, preferably, the bottom end face of the water-drawing hood is provided with an opening for the solution to enter, and the bottom edge of the outer ring of the mesh tube is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the opening, and there is a 3-5 cm spacing between the outer ring middle section and the outer ring top section of the mesh tube and the inner cavity side wall of the water-drawing hood for the solution to flow.

[0017] In the technical solution of the above-mentioned multifunctional agricultural waste composting treatment equipment, preferably, a through hole for the rotating shaft to pass through and rotate is opened in the central position of the top surface of the end cover, and the top surface of the end cover is fixedly connected to the bottom of the casing of the stirring drive motor.

[0018] A technical solution for a multifunctional agricultural waste composting treatment method:

[0019] The processing steps include:

[0020] S1: Unfasten the bolts between the sealing cover and the sealing port and put the agricultural waste into the flat tank. The waterproof motor drives the crushing blade on the outer ring of the transmission shaft to crush the agricultural waste. The vibration generated by the crushing will make the agricultural waste particles that fall on the upper surface of the screen fall into the tank;

[0021] S2: After the agricultural waste is crushed and processed, composting auxiliary materials are added into the tank body, and the temperature inside the tank body is kept warm by using a foam ring and a ceramic insulation ring;

[0022] S3: After the auxiliary materials and agricultural waste are placed in the tank, the stirring drive motor is used to drive the rotating shaft and the stirring paddle to stir the materials and fully mix the materials;

[0023] S4: When the liquid level sensor detects that there is too much water in the compost tank, the servo water pump, solenoid valve and pumping pipe are used to extract the water inside the tank, and the net cylinder blocks the solid materials inside the tank.

[0024] It can be seen from the above technical scheme that the present invention provides a multifunctional agricultural waste composting treatment equipment and method thereof. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] In the technical solution of the present invention, a material crushing and processing structure, a composting wastewater extraction mechanism and a tank material stirring mechanism are arranged inside the tank body, so that the material put into the tank for composting can be crushed in the input stage, thereby shortening the composting fermentation time of the material, and the stirring mechanism can be used to stir the material in the composting stage, so that the internal material can be fully fermented; and when too much water accumulates in the tank, the excess water is extracted with the help of the composting wastewater extraction mechanism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces and describes the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present invention or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an agricultural waste composting treatment facility;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an agricultural waste composting treatment facility after sectioning;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the composting tank after decomposition;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the material crushing processing structure on the tank end cover;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the composting wastewater extraction mechanism;

[0032] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the stirring mechanism for materials in the tank.

[0033] Attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 6 The corresponding relationship of the parts is as follows:

[0034] 1. Compost tank mechanism; 11. Tank body; 12. Discharge port; 13. End cover; 2. Material handling structure; 21. Flat tank; 22. Sealing cover; 23. Sealing port; 24. Waterproof motor; 25. Crushing blade; 26. Feed pipe; 27. Drive shaft; 28. Screen; 3. Tank material stirring mechanism; 31. Stirring drive motor; 32. Rotating shaft; 33. Stirring paddle; 4. Compost wastewater extraction mechanism; 41. Pumping pipe; 42. Solenoid valve; 43. Servo water pump; 44. Water hood; 45. Net cylinder; 5. Tank body insulation layer; 51. Foam ring; 52. Ceramic insulation ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] In order to more clearly explain and illustrate the technical solution and implementation of the present invention, several preferred specific embodiments for implementing the technical solution of the present invention are introduced below.

[0037] Embodiment 1: A preferred technical solution for a multifunctional agricultural waste composting treatment device:

[0038] The compost tank mechanism 1 includes a material processing structure 2, a material stirring mechanism 3 fixed at the central position of the upper surface of the compost tank mechanism 1 and penetrating the inside of the compost tank mechanism 1, and a compost wastewater extraction mechanism 4 penetrating the inner cavity of the compost tank mechanism 1, and a tank insulation layer 5 is wrapped on the outer ring surface of the compost tank mechanism 1; the tank insulation layer 5 includes a foam ring 51 sleeved on the outer ring of the tank body 11, and a ceramic insulation ring 52 sleeved on the outer ring of the foam ring 51; wherein, 2-3 temperature sensors are installed inside the tank body 11, and when the temperature inside the tank body 11 is higher than the set threshold (such as higher than 70°C and lasting for 100 hours), the temperature alarm information of the temperature sensor is transmitted to the central control machine through the Internet of Things system; and the inside of the tank body 11 is ventilated and cooled by opening the sealing cover 22. When the humidity inside the tank body 11 is too high and water accumulates, the liquid level sensor inside the tank body 11 is used to monitor the water level.

[0039] The composting tank mechanism 1 includes a tank body 11, an end cover 13 fixed to the upper end of the tank body 11, and a discharge port 12 fixed through the bottom end surface of the tank body 11; the material processing structure 2 includes a flat tank 21, a feed pipe 26 fixed to the lower end of the flat tank 21, a waterproof motor 24 fixed in the inner cavity of the feed pipe 26, and a screen 28 fixed in the lower end of the feed pipe 26, and the output shaft of the waterproof motor 24 is connected to the transmission shaft 27 through a coupling, and three circles of crushing blades 25 arranged in a circular array are fixed on the outer ring of the transmission shaft 27. When agricultural waste is put into the feed pipe 26, liquid fermentation microorganisms and agricultural waste need to be put in simultaneously, and the fermentation microorganisms and agricultural waste are allowed to enter the tank body 11 with the help of the feed pipe 26, and the fermentation microorganisms and agricultural waste can be pre-mixed during the putting process.

[0040] The material stirring mechanism 3 in the tank includes a stirring drive motor 31, a rotating shaft 32 connected to the output shaft of the stirring drive motor 31 through a coupling and extending into the inner cavity of the tank body 11, and a stirring paddle 33 is arranged on the outer ring of the rotating shaft 32; the composting wastewater extraction mechanism 4 includes a water pumping pipe 41, a solenoid valve 42 and a servo water pump 43 fixed on the outer section of the water pumping pipe 41, and a water suction cover 44 fixed on the port of the water pumping pipe 41 located inside the tank body 11, and a net cylinder 45 is fixed to the inner cavity of the water pumping cover 44.

[0041] A circle of screws are inserted and locked through the edge of the top port of the tank body 11 and the inner edge of the end cover 13, and the screws are arranged in a ring array. A through hole for the discharge port 12 to pass through is opened on the bottom surface of the tank body 11, and a valve for controlling the discharge is arranged inside the discharge port 12; wherein, a through hole for the feed pipe 26 to pass through and be fixed is opened on the right side of the top surface of the end cover 13.

[0042] There is an angle of 20-40° between the axis of the feed pipe 26 and the upper end surface of the end cover 13, and the lower port of the flat tank 21 and the upper port of the feed pipe 26 are interconnected. The interior of the screen 28 is provided with 20-30 screen holes arranged in a rectangular array, and a bearing seat is fixed on the upper surface of the screen 28, and a bearing adapted to the bottom end of the transmission shaft 27 is installed inside the bearing seat.

[0043] Four fixing rods are fixed in a circular array on the top of the inner cavity of the feed pipe 26, and the ends of the fixing rods close to each other are fixedly connected to the side wall of the outer shell of the waterproof motor 24. A sealing port 23 is fixed to the upper port of the flat tank 21, and a sealing cover 22 is hingedly installed on the left side wall of the sealing port 23, and a handle is installed on the top surface of the sealing cover 22, wherein a bolt is rotatably installed on the right side wall of the sealing port 23, and a notch for the bolt to be inserted is opened on the right side wall of the sealing cover 22.

[0044] A circular hole for the water pumping pipe 41 to pass through and be fixed is provided on the left side of the top surface of the end cover 13, and the bottom end of the water pumping pipe 41 passes through the bottom space of the inner cavity of the tank body 11, and a liquid level sensor is installed on the inner cavity side wall of the tank body 11. An opening for the solution to enter is provided on the bottom end surface of the water pumping cover 44, and the bottom edge of the outer ring of the mesh tube 45 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the opening, and there is a 3-5cm gap between the outer ring middle section and the outer ring top section of the mesh tube 45 and the inner cavity side wall of the water pumping cover 44 for the solution to flow; a through hole for the rotating shaft 32 to pass through and rotate is provided at the central position of the top surface of the end cover 13, and the top surface of the end cover 13 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer shell of the stirring drive motor 31.

[0045] Embodiment 2: A preferred technical solution for a multifunctional agricultural waste composting treatment method:

[0046] The processing steps include: unfastening the bolts between the sealing cover 22 and the sealing port 23 and putting agricultural waste into the flat tank 21, allowing the material to fall into the feed pipe 26 by gravity, and at this time, the waterproof motor 24 drives the crushing blade 25 on the outer ring of the transmission shaft 27 to crush the agricultural waste, and the vibration generated by the rotation of the transmission shaft 27 and the crushing of the material causes the agricultural waste particles falling on the upper surface of the screen 28 to fall into the tank body 11; after the agricultural waste is crushed, the material is sent to the tank body 11. Composting auxiliary materials are added, and the temperature inside the tank body 11 is insulated by the foam ring 51 and the ceramic insulation ring 52; after the auxiliary materials and agricultural waste are placed inside the tank body 11, the stirring drive motor 31 is used to drive the rotating shaft 32 and the stirring paddle 33 to stir the materials and fully mix the materials; when there is too much water accumulated in the compost inside the tank body 11 and it is detected by the liquid level sensor, the servo water pump 43, the solenoid valve 42 and the pumping pipe 41 are used to extract the accumulated water inside the tank body 11, and at the same time the net tube 45 will block the solid materials inside the tank body 11.

[0047] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned optimal implementation mode. Anyone should be aware that any structural changes made under the inspiration of the present invention, and any technical solutions that are the same or similar to the present invention, fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Finally, it should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the restrictive conditions that can be implemented in this application, so they have no technical substantive significance. Any structural modification, change in proportional relationship or adjustment of size, without affecting the effects that can be produced by this application and the purposes that can be achieved, should still fall within the scope that can be covered by the technical content disclosed in this application.

Claims

1. A multifunctional agricultural waste composting treatment device, comprising a composting tank mechanism (1), characterized in that: The upper surface of the compost tank mechanism (1) is provided with a material processing structure (2), a tank material stirring mechanism (3) fixed at the central position of the upper surface of the compost tank mechanism (1) and extending into the interior of the compost tank mechanism (1), and a compost wastewater extraction mechanism (4) extending into the inner cavity of the compost tank mechanism (1), and a tank body heat preservation layer (5) is provided on the outer ring surface of the compost tank mechanism (1); The compost tank mechanism (1) comprises a tank body (11), an end cover (13) fixed to an upper port of the tank body (11), and a discharge port (12) penetrating and fixed to a bottom end surface of the tank body (11); The material processing structure (2) comprises a flat tank (21), a feed pipe (26) fixed to the lower end of the flat tank (21), a waterproof motor (24) fixed in the inner cavity of the feed pipe (26), and a screen (28) fixed in the lower end of the feed pipe (26), wherein the output shaft of the waterproof motor (24) is connected to a transmission shaft (27) via a coupling, and three circles of crushing blades (25) arranged in a ring array are fixed on the outer ring of the transmission shaft (27); The tank material stirring mechanism (3) comprises a stirring drive motor (31), a rotating shaft (32) connected to the output shaft of the stirring drive motor (31) through a coupling and extending through the inner cavity of the tank body (11), and a stirring paddle (33) is arranged on the outer ring of the rotating shaft (32); The compost wastewater extraction mechanism (4) comprises a water extraction pipe (41), a solenoid valve (42) and a servo water pump (43) fixed to the water extraction pipe (41) on an outer section of the tank body (11), and a water extraction cover (44) fixed to a port of the water extraction pipe (41) located inside the tank body (11), and a net cylinder (45) is fixed to the inner cavity of the water extraction cover (44); The tank body heat-insulating layer (5) comprises a foam ring (51) sleeved on the outer ring of the tank body (11), and a ceramic heat-insulating ring (52) sleeved on the outer ring of the foam ring (51).

2. The multifunctional agricultural waste composting treatment equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A circle of screws is inserted and locked between the edge of the top port of the tank body (11) and the inner edge of the end cover (13), and the screws are arranged in a ring array. The bottom surface of the tank body (11) is provided with a through hole for the discharge port (12) to pass through, and a valve for controlling the discharge is arranged inside the discharge port (12); wherein, a through hole for the feed pipe (26) to pass through and be fixed is provided on the right side of the top surface of the end cover (13).

3. The multifunctional agricultural waste composting treatment equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An included angle of 20-40° is formed between the axis of the feed pipe (26) and the upper end surface of the end cover (13), and the lower end of the flat tank (21) and the upper end of the feed pipe (26) are interconnected.

4. The multifunctional agricultural waste composting treatment equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The screen (28) has 20 to 30 screen holes arranged in a rectangular array, and a bearing seat is fixed on the upper surface of the screen (28), and a bearing adapted to the bottom end of the transmission shaft (27) is installed inside the bearing seat.

5. The multifunctional agricultural waste composting treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four fixing rods are fixed in a circular array on the top of the inner cavity of the feed pipe (26), and ends of the fixing rods close to each other are fixedly connected to the side wall of the outer shell of the waterproof motor (24).

6. The multifunctional agricultural waste composting treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing port (23) is fixed to the upper end of the flat can (21), a sealing cover (22) is hingedly mounted on the left side wall of the sealing port (23), and a handle is mounted on the top surface of the sealing cover (22), wherein a bolt is rotatably mounted on the right side wall of the sealing port (23), and a notch is provided on the right side wall of the sealing cover (22) for the bolt to be inserted.

7. The multifunctional agricultural waste composting treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circular hole for the water pumping pipe (41) to pass through and be fixed is provided on the left side of the top surface of the end cover (13), and the bottom end of the water pumping pipe (41) passes through the bottom space of the inner cavity of the tank body (11), and a liquid level sensor is installed on the side wall of the inner cavity of the tank body (11).

8. The multifunctional agricultural waste composting treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end surface of the water-drawing cover (44) is provided with an opening for solution to enter, and the bottom edge of the outer ring of the mesh tube (45) is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the opening, and a spacing of 3-5 cm is provided between the outer ring middle section and the outer ring top section of the mesh tube (45) and the inner cavity side wall of the water-drawing cover (44) for solution to flow.

9. The multifunctional agricultural waste composting treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A through hole for the rotating shaft (32) to penetrate and rotate is provided at the center of the top surface of the end cover (13), and the top surface of the end cover (13) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the housing of the stirring drive motor (31).

10. A multifunctional agricultural waste composting method, characterized in that: A multifunctional agricultural waste composting treatment equipment applicable to any one of claims 1 to 9, specifically comprising the following treatment steps: S1: Unfasten the bolts between the sealing cover (22) and the sealing port (23) and put the agricultural waste into the flat tank (21). The waterproof motor (24) drives the crushing blade (25) on the outer ring of the transmission shaft (27) to crush the agricultural waste. The vibration generated by the crushing will cause the agricultural waste particles that fall on the upper surface of the screen (28) to fall into the tank body (11); S2: After the agricultural waste is crushed and processed, composting auxiliary materials are added into the tank body (11), and the temperature inside the tank body (11) is kept warm by using the foam ring (51) and the ceramic insulation ring (52); S3: After the auxiliary materials and agricultural waste are placed in the tank body (11), the stirring drive motor (31) is used to drive the rotating shaft (32) and the stirring paddle (33) to stir the materials and fully mix the materials; S4: When the liquid level sensor detects that there is too much water in the compost inside the tank body (11), the servo water pump (43), the solenoid valve (42) and the water extraction pipe (41) are used to extract the water inside the tank body (11), and at the same time, the net cylinder (45) blocks the solid materials inside the tank body (11).

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