High-temperature oxidation quenching experiment system and method for cladding material under severe accident of nuclear reactor

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-temperature oxidation quenching experiment system and method for a cladding material under a severe accident of a nuclear reactor. The experiment system comprises a gas supply system, a heating experiment section, a cooling system and a rapid quenching system. The gas supply system is used for providing mixed gas of water vapor and argon; the heating experiment section is composed of an infrared radiation heating furnace and a quartz glass tube. The rapid quenching system is composed of a constant-temperature water tank, a high-temperature-resistant hose, quenched quartz glass and a movable sliding rail. According to the experimental system, the temperature of an experimental sample and the atmosphere in a reaction area can be raised to 1400 DEG C at the ultrahigh temperature rise rate of more than 100 DEG C / s under the environment of reaction atmospheres such as water vapor, and the sample can be quickly quenched after a high-temperature water vapor oxidation experiment. As a novel experimental device for heating at an ultrahigh heating rate, coupling reaction atmospheres such as water vapor and the like and rapidly quenching, the device has a good application prospect in the fields of high-temperature reaction of materials and microscopic and macroscopic mechanism research after quenching.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of high-temperature oxidation and quenching experimental performance testing of structural materials, and in particular to a high-temperature water vapor oxidation and quenching behavior experimental system and method for cladding materials under severe nuclear reactor accidents. Background Art

[0002] Nuclear fuel elements are the energy source of nuclear power plants and the core components of reactors.

[0003] In order to improve the inherent safety of fuel elements, the concept of accident tolerant fuel (ATF) was proposed and has become a research hotspot at home and abroad. In order to apply ATF to commercial light water reactors, domestic and foreign scholars have carried out a lot of theoretical and experimental research, and focused on the development and selection of new cladding. The most promising new cladding for commercial use is Cr-coated Zr cladding. However, when an accident beyond the design basis occurs, the reactor core temperature may rise to above the Cr-Zr eutectic temperature. Therefore, in the CEA-Framatome-EDF nuclear fuel joint program, the concept of "Enhanced Accident Tolerant Fuel" (EATF) for light water reactors (LWRs) was proposed. In order to expand the database to better understand the response time and temperature of EATF, the research has been extended to lower and higher oxidation temperatures, including "design extension conditions" (DEC) up to 1500℃. Existing studies have shown that the eutectic reaction between the chromium coating and the zirconium substrate occurs in the temperature range of 1300 to 1330°C. The temperature at which the Cr-Zr eutectic reaction occurs in the Cr-coated Zr alloy cladding is related to the preparation method and thickness of the coating. After the eutectic reaction, the Cr coating and Zr form a liquid phase, which will cause the Cr coating to be consumed at a much faster rate, and may cause the Cr coating to lose its oxidation resistance in a short period of time. Research on the potential impact of this reaction on high-temperature oxidation behavior and related embrittlement / failure behavior is still in its infancy. There is no suitable experimental system that can reasonably control the heating rate in a high-temperature water vapor environment and achieve rapid quenching after oxidation to simulate the accident environment of the cladding. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-temperature oxidation quenching experimental system and method for cladding materials under severe accidents of nuclear reactors, which is a high-temperature oxidation heating quenching experimental system and method that can pass water vapor, and simulates the high-temperature oxidation quenching behavior of the cladding under an accident environment and the subsequent mechanical properties by precisely controlling the heating rate and target temperature.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] In the high-temperature oxidation quenching experimental system for cladding materials under severe nuclear reactor accidents, the No. 1 argon cylinder 1 and the No. 2 argon cylinder 2 are connected to the argon main pipeline in series through the external No. 1 valve 101 and the No. 2 valve 102 and the corresponding pipelines, and the No. 1 thermocouple 201 and the No. 1 flowmeter 401 are installed on the argon main pipeline; the steam generator 3 is connected to the external deionized water pipeline through the No. 3 valve 103, the No. 2 thermocouple 202 and the No. 1 pressure sensor 301 are the temperature and pressure detection devices of the steam generator 3, and the No. 1 water level gauge 501 is the water level detection device of the steam generator 3; the steam is realized through the No. 4 valve 104 The steam is discharged through the bypass, and the steam is sent into the argon main pipeline through the No. 5 valve 105 and the No. 2 flowmeter 402 and mixed with the argon in a preset ratio, and the water vapor temperature is measured by the No. 3 thermocouple 203; the gas main pipeline is connected to the vacuum pump 4 through the No. 6 valve 106; the air inlet 6 of the heating and quenching device is connected to the mixed gas pipeline through the static gas mixer 5 and the No. 7 valve 107, and the mixed gas entering the heating and quenching device is evenly mixed through the static gas mixer 5. The mixed gas pipeline is equipped with a heating wire to control the temperature of the mixed gas; the mixed gas pipeline is equipped with a No. 2 pressure sensor 302 and a No. 4 thermocouple 204; the heating and quenching device includes an infrared radiation heating furnace 12, a constant temperature water tank 10, a high temperature resistant hose 9, a quartz glass tube 13, a sealing ring 20, a quenched quartz glass tube 8, an upper track slider fixture 16, a lower track slider fixture 7, a slide rail bracket 17 and a chiller 11; the mixed gas enters the quartz glass tube 13 in the infrared radiation heating furnace 12 through the air inlet 6, the cladding sample is suspended in the infrared focusing heating area 21 in the middle of the quartz glass tube 13, and the mixed gas is discharged through the air outlet 14 of the heating and quenching device; the gold-plated reflective surface in the infrared radiation heating furnace 12 is cooled by the chiller 11; through the No. The flow meter 403 detects the water flow in the pipeline of the chiller 11, and controls the flow of the pipeline of the chiller 11 through the No. 8 valve 108; the height of the cladding sample in the infrared focusing heating area 21 is adjusted by the upper track slider clamp 16 on the upper part of the slide rail bracket 17 to achieve uniform heating; the opening and closing state of the lower end of the quartz glass tube 13 is controlled by the sealing ring 20 located at the lower end of the quartz glass tube 13; the quenched quartz glass tube 8 is clamped by the lower track slider clamp 7 at the lower part of the slide rail bracket 17 to achieve the up and down movement of the quenched quartz glass tube 8 in the quartz glass tube 13 to achieve rapid quenching of the cladding sample after the high-temperature oxidation test is completed.; The heating temperature of the cladding sample is collected through the fast-response exposed No. 5 thermocouple 205; the temperature sequence of the heated cladding sample is obtained through the data acquisition system 18 connected to the exposed No. 5 thermocouple 205, and the temperature control of the cladding sample in the high-temperature steam oxidation experiment is achieved through the infrared radiation heating furnace temperature control system 19 connected to the infrared radiation heating furnace 12.

[0007] The infrared radiation heating furnace 12 uses four high-power tungsten filament infrared radiation lamps as heat sources, and the heating elements of the infrared radiation lamps are sealed in quartz glass; infrared short-wave reflection focusing is achieved by gold plating on the stainless steel surface; and a quartz glass tube 13 is in the middle of the infrared radiation heating furnace.

[0008] The track bracket 17 automatically controls the up and down movement of the upper track slider fixture 16 and the lower track slider fixture 7 .

[0009] The quenching device is provided with constant temperature water by a constant temperature water tank 10, and the water in the quenching quartz glass tube 8 and the constant temperature water tank 10 is exchanged through a high temperature resistant hose 9 to achieve constant temperature and movement; the quenching quartz tube 8 is quickly moved by automatic control to achieve rapid quenching of the sample after the high temperature oxidation experiment is completed.

[0010] The infrared radiation heating furnace temperature control system 19 adopts PID algorithm to control a constant heating rate to achieve temperature control of the cladding sample in the high-temperature steam oxidation experiment.

[0011] The infrared heating radiation furnace 12 can achieve a temperature increase of 1400° C. at a heating rate greater than 100° C. / s under water vapor conditions.

[0012] The data acquisition system 18 includes a data acquisition card connected to the No. 5 thermocouple 205 of the experimental loop through a junction box, a measurement module and a signal conditioner, and a computer-driven software module.

[0013] The cladding sample is suspended in the infrared focusing heating area 21 in the middle of the quartz glass tube 13 by hanging a platinum-rhodium wire 15; the upper track slider clamp 16 on the upper part of the slide rail bracket 17 clamps the suspended platinum-rhodium wire 15 to adjust the height of the cladding sample in the infrared focusing heating area 21 to achieve uniform heating.

[0014] The experimental method of the high-temperature oxidation quenching experimental system for cladding materials under severe nuclear reactor accidents is to realize the high-temperature oxidation experiment of cladding materials under water vapor environment through the experimental system, and quickly quench the cladding materials after the high-temperature steam oxidation experiment to obtain the mechanical properties of the cladding materials; before the experiment starts, all valves are kept closed, and the cladding samples are first measured for mass multiple times using a high-precision electronic balance to obtain an average value; then, valve No. 3 103 is opened to pass deionized water into the steam generator 3, and valve No. 3 103 is closed after the water reaches the specified level; valve No. 6 106 and vacuum pump 4 are opened to evacuate the gas in the experimental pipeline, and then Then close valve No. 6 106; use argon bottle No. 1 1 to provide argon for the experiment, and use argon bottle No. 2 2 as a backup; open valve No. 101 to pass argon to remove the air in the experimental pipeline and the quartz glass tube 13; open valve No. 5 105 to send the steam generated by the steam generator 3 into the argon main pipeline; open the static gas mixer 5 and valve No. 7 107 to mix argon and steam evenly; determine the water vapor temperature in the mixed gas pipeline by adjusting the heating wire of the mixed gas pipeline and the collected temperature of the thermocouple No. 4 204; close the sealing ring 20, and the mixed gas of argon and water vapor will flow upward along the quartz glass tube 13 Flow, out of the gas outlet 14; use the hanging platinum-rhodium wire 15 to connect the cladding sample and the upper track slider fixture 16, start the upper track slider fixture 16 of the slide rail bracket 17 to move the cladding sample to the bottom of the infrared focusing heating area 21; start the infrared radiation heating furnace 12 to set the preset heating rate and target temperature to start heating; start the chiller 11 to dissipate heat and cool the stainless steel gold-plated reflective wall of the infrared radiation furnace 12; start the data acquisition system 18 to use the fast-response exposed No. 5 thermocouple 205 to collect the cladding sample temperature information and transmit it to the infrared radiation heating furnace temperature control system 19 to achieve the infrared heating furnace heating rate. rate and temperature control; when the high-temperature water vapor oxidation time is about to end, open the sealing ring 20 at the lower end of the quartz glass tube 13; start the lower track slider fixture 7 of the slide rail bracket 17 to move the quenched quartz glass tube 8 to the bottom of the infrared focusing heating area 21; when the high-temperature water vapor oxidation time is over, turn off the infrared radiation heating furnace 12 and quickly start the lower track slider fixture 7 to move the quenched quartz glass tube 8 upward, and quickly quench the cladding sample after the high-temperature oxidation experiment; start the upper track slider fixture 16 of the slide rail bracket 17 to move the cladding sample to the upper end and take it out, and close each pipeline valve and experimental instrument in turn;

[0015] After the experiment, the taken cladding samples will be measured for multiple times using a high-precision electronic balance to obtain the average value; the cross-sectional characterization parts of the cladding samples will be prepared using metallographic preparation materials, and the oxidation behavior will be characterized by advanced characterization methods such as EDS, SEM or TEM; the cladding samples will be compressed circumferentially at a preset displacement rate using a circumferential compression testing machine to obtain the stress-strain curve of the cladding samples after quenching, and the offset strain of the cladding samples will be further obtained to characterize their mechanical properties.

[0016] Compared with the current traditional heating technology, the experimental heating system of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0017] (1) High-precision sample temperature control: By combining the infrared radiation furnace and the infrared radiation heating furnace temperature control system, the heating rate and temperature of the cladding sample can be controlled with high precision. In addition, the cooling rate and insulation at any temperature can also be controlled with high precision.

[0018] (2) High-speed heating / cooling: High-energy-density infrared radiation lamps and gold-plated reflective walls enable ultra-high heating rates to high temperatures.

[0019] (3) Clean heating: The heating element of the infrared radiation lamp is sealed in quartz glass and is not affected by the heating element gas. In addition, no insulator is used in the infrared radiation furnace, which is not polluted by dust and gas compared with the resistance furnace.

[0020] (4) Heating / cooling under various atmospheres: Heating / cooling can be carried out in a vacuum, high-purity inert gas and water vapor in a static or flowing state. The operation is simple and a heating / cooling chamber made of quartz glass is used, in which infrared rays can be transmitted.

[0021] Compared with the current traditional technology, the experimental quenching system of the present invention has the following advantages: the designed quenching system realizes rapid quenching after the high-temperature steam oxidation experiment through the precise control of the upper and lower track slider clamps of the slide rail bracket, reducing the time the cladding sample is in contact with the air. By moving the quenching quartz glass tube upward, the impact caused by the cladding sample falling directly into the water in the traditional technology is prevented, making the simulated high-temperature steam oxidation quenching experiment more realistic, which is conducive to a clearer understanding of the residual mechanical properties of the cladding material after high-temperature steam oxidation quenching after a serious accident. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a high temperature oxidation quenching experimental system for cladding materials in case of a severe accident of a nuclear reactor according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the experimental process of the infrared radiation furnace and the quenching system in the high-temperature oxidation quenching experimental system of the cladding material under severe accidents of the nuclear reactor of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0025] like Figure 1As shown, the high-temperature oxidation quenching experimental system and method for the cladding material under severe accidents of nuclear reactors of the present invention. The experimental system includes a gas supply system, a heating experimental section, a cooling system and a rapid quenching system. The gas supply system is used to provide a mixed gas of water vapor and argon; the heating experimental section is composed of an infrared radiation heating furnace, a hanging platinum-rhodium wire, and a quartz glass tube. The rapid quenching system is composed of a constant temperature water tank, a high-temperature resistant hose, quenching quartz glass and a movable slide rail. In the gas supply system, the No. 1 argon gas bottle 1 and the No. 2 argon gas bottle 2 are respectively connected in series with the argon main pipeline through the external No. 1 valve 101 and the No. 2 valve 102 and the corresponding pipelines, and the No. 1 thermocouple 201 and the No. 1 flowmeter 401 are installed on the argon main pipeline. The steam generator 3 is connected to the external deionized water pipeline through the No. 3 valve 103, the No. 2 thermocouple 202 and the No. 1 pressure sensor are the temperature and pressure detection devices of the steam generator 3, and the No. 1 water level gauge 501 is the water level detection device of the steam generator 3. The bypass discharge of steam is realized through valve No. 4 104, and the steam is sent into the argon main pipeline through valve No. 5 105 and flowmeter No. 2 402 and mixed with argon in a certain proportion, and the temperature of the discharged water vapor is measured by thermocouple No. 3 203. The gas main pipeline is connected to the vacuum pump 4 through valve No. 6 106. The air inlet 6 of the heating and quenching device is connected to the mixed gas pipeline through the static gas mixer 5 and valve No. 7 107. The mixed gas entering the heating and quenching device is evenly mixed through the static gas mixer 5. The mixed gas pipeline is equipped with a heating wire to control the temperature of the mixed gas. The mixed gas pipeline is equipped with a pressure sensor No. 2 302 and a thermocouple No. 4 204. The heating and quenching device is mainly composed of an infrared radiation heating furnace 12, a constant temperature water tank 10, a high temperature resistant hose 9, a quartz glass tube 13, a sealing ring 20, a quenching quartz glass tube 8, an upper track slider fixture 16, a lower track slider fixture 7, a slide rail bracket 17 and a chiller 11 and a hanging platinum rhodium wire 15. The mixed gas enters the quartz glass tube 13 in the infrared radiation heating furnace 12 through the air inlet 6, and the cladding sample is suspended in the infrared focusing heating area 21 in the middle of the quartz glass tube 13 by hanging the platinum rhodium wire 15, and the mixed gas is discharged through the air outlet 14 of the heating and quenching device. The gold-plated reflective surface in the infrared radiation heating furnace 12 is cooled by the chiller 11. The water flow rate of the pipeline of the chiller 11 is detected by the No. 3 flowmeter 403, and the flow rate of the pipeline of the chiller 11 is controlled by the No. 8 valve 108. The height of the cladding sample in the infrared focusing heating area 21 is adjusted by the upper track slider clamp 16 on the upper part of the slide rail bracket 17 to achieve uniform heating. The opening and closing state of the lower end of the quartz glass tube 13 is controlled by the sealing ring 20. The quenching quartz glass tube 8 is moved up and down in the quartz glass tube 13 by the lower track slider clamp 7 at the lower part of the slide rail bracket 17 to achieve rapid quenching of the cladding sample after the high-temperature oxidation test. The sample heating temperature is collected by the fast-response exposed No. 5 thermocouple 205.The temperature sequence of the heated cladding sample is obtained through the data acquisition system 18 connected to the exposed No. 5 thermocouple 205, and the temperature control of the cladding sample in the high-temperature steam oxidation experiment is achieved through the infrared radiation heating furnace temperature control system 19 connected to the infrared radiation heating furnace 12.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, the heating and quenching device is provided with constant temperature water by a constant temperature water tank 10, and the opening and closing state of the lower end of the quartz glass tube 13 is controlled by a sealing ring 20. The water in the quenching quartz glass tube 8 and the constant temperature water tank 10 is exchanged through a high temperature resistant hose 9 to achieve constant temperature and movement. The quenching quartz glass tube 8 is quickly moved by automatic control to achieve rapid quenching of the sample after the high-temperature steam oxidation experiment. The infrared radiation heating furnace 12 is turned on in both the high-temperature oxidation stage and the quenching stage, and the cladding sample is heated in the infrared focused heating area. The quenching quartz glass tube 8 is adjusted to different heights by the lower track slider clamp 7 to prepare for rapid quenching. Once the oxidation experiment is over, the infrared radiation heating furnace 12 is immediately turned off, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 The infrared focused heating area shown in the quenching stage disappears, and the lower track slider fixture 7 is quickly adjusted to move up the quenching quartz glass tube 8 so that the cladding sample is quickly quenched.

[0027] The present invention discloses a high-temperature oxidation quenching experimental system and method for cladding materials under severe nuclear reactor accidents. The specific experimental operation process is as follows: before the experiment begins, all valves remain closed. First, a high-precision electronic balance is used to measure the mass of the cladding sample three times and take an average value. Open valve No. 3 103 to introduce deionized water into the steam generator 3 and then close valve No. 3 103 after reaching a specified water level. Open valve No. 6 106 and vacuum pump 4 to evacuate the gas in the experimental pipeline, and then close valve No. 6 106. Argon gas bottle No. 1 1 is used to provide argon gas for the experiment, and argon gas bottle No. 2 2 is used as a backup. Open valve No. 1 101 to introduce argon gas to remove the air in the experimental pipeline and the quartz glass tube 13. Open valve No. 5 105 to send the steam generated by the steam generator 3 into the argon main pipeline. Open the static gas mixer 5 and valve No. 7 107 to mix the argon gas and steam evenly. The water vapor temperature in the mixed gas pipeline is determined by adjusting the heating wire of the mixed gas pipeline and the collected temperature of the thermocouple No. 4 204. Close the sealing ring 20, and the mixed gas of argon and water vapor will flow upward along the quartz glass tube 13 and flow out from the gas outlet 14. Use the hanging platinum-rhodium wire 15 to connect the cladding sample with the upper track slider fixture 16, and start the upper track slider fixture 16 of the track bracket 17 to move the cladding sample to the bottom of the infrared focusing heating area 21. Start the infrared radiation heating furnace 12 to set a certain heating rate and target temperature to start heating; start the chiller 11 to dissipate heat and cool the stainless steel gold-plated reflective wall of the infrared radiation furnace 12; start the data acquisition system 18 to use the fast-responding exposed No. 5 thermocouple 205 to collect the temperature information of the cladding sample and transmit it to the infrared radiation heating furnace temperature control system 19 to achieve the heating rate and temperature control of the infrared heating furnace. When the high-temperature water vapor oxidation time is about to end, open the sealing ring 20 at the lower end of the quartz glass tube 13. Start the lower track slider fixture 7 of the slide rail bracket 17 to move the quenched quartz glass tube 8 to the bottom of the infrared focusing heating area 21. At the moment when the high-temperature water vapor oxidation time is over, turn off the infrared radiation heating furnace 12 and quickly start the lower track slider fixture 7 to move the quenched quartz glass tube 8 upward, and quickly quench the cladding sample after the high-temperature oxidation experiment. Start the upper track slider fixture 16 of the slide rail bracket 17 to move the cladding sample to the upper end and take it out, and close each pipeline valve and experimental instrument in turn. After the experiment, the taken out cladding sample is measured three times again using a high-precision electronic balance to take the average value. Use metallographic preparation materials to prepare cross-sectional characterization parts of the cladding sample, and use advanced characterization methods such as EDS, SEM, and TEM to characterize the oxidation behavior. Use a circumferential compression testing machine to perform circumferential compression on the cladding sample at a certain displacement rate to obtain the stress-strain curve of the cladding sample after quenching, and further obtain the offset strain of the cladding sample to characterize its mechanical properties.

[0028] The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in combination with specific principles. It cannot be determined that the specific implementation scheme of the present invention is limited to this. For practitioners to whom the present invention belongs, simple deductions or replacements made without departing from the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. High temperature oxidation quenching experimental system for cladding materials under severe accidents of nuclear reactors, characterized by: The first argon gas cylinder (1) and the second argon gas cylinder (2) are connected in series with the argon main pipeline through the external first valve (101) and the second valve (102) and corresponding pipelines, respectively. The first thermocouple (201) and the first flow meter (401) are installed on the argon main pipeline; the steam generator (3) is connected to the external deionized water pipeline through the third valve (103), the second thermocouple (202) and the first pressure sensor (301) are the temperature and pressure detection devices of the steam generator (3), and the first water level meter (501) is the water level detection device of the steam generator (3); the bypass discharge of steam is realized through the fourth valve (104), and the steam is discharged through the fifth valve (105) and the second flow meter (402). ) steam is sent into the argon main pipeline and mixed with argon in a preset ratio, and the water vapor temperature is measured by a No. 3 thermocouple (203); the gas main pipeline is connected to the vacuum pump (4) through a No. 6 valve (106); the air inlet (6) of the heating and quenching device is connected to the mixed gas pipeline through a static gas mixer (5) and a No. 7 valve (107), and the mixed gas entering the heating and quenching device is evenly mixed through the static gas mixer (5), and the mixed gas pipeline is equipped with a heating wire to achieve temperature control of the mixed gas; the mixed gas pipeline is equipped with a No. 2 pressure sensor (302) and a No. 4 thermocouple (204); the heating and quenching device includes an infrared radiation heating furnace (12), a constant temperature water tank (10), a high temperature resistant A hose (9), a quartz glass tube (13), a sealing ring (20), a quenched quartz glass tube (8), an upper track slider fixture (16), a lower track slider fixture (7), a slide rail bracket (17) and a chiller (11); the mixed gas enters the quartz glass tube (13) in the infrared radiation heating furnace (12) through the air inlet (6), the cladding sample is suspended in the infrared focusing heating area (21) in the middle of the quartz glass tube (13), and the mixed gas is discharged through the air outlet (14) of the heating and quenching device; the gold-plated reflective surface in the infrared radiation heating furnace (12) is cooled by the chiller (11); the water flow in the chiller (11) pipeline is detected by the No. 3 flowmeter (403), and the water flow in the chiller (11) is discharged through the No. 8 valve (1 08) Control the flow rate of the chiller (11) pipeline; adjust the height of the cladding sample in the infrared focusing heating area (21) through the upper track slider clamp (16) on the upper part of the slide rail bracket (17) to achieve uniform heating; control the opening and closing state of the lower end of the quartz glass tube (13) through the sealing ring (20) located at the lower end of the quartz glass tube (13); clamp the quenched quartz glass tube (8) through the lower track slider clamp (7) at the lower part of the slide rail bracket (17) to achieve the up and down movement of the quenched quartz glass tube (8) in the quartz glass tube (13) to achieve rapid quenching of the cladding sample after the high-temperature oxidation test is completed; collect the heating temperature of the cladding sample through the fast-response exposed No. 5 thermocouple (205);The temperature sequence of the heated cladding sample is obtained by a data acquisition system (18) connected to an exposed No. 5 thermocouple (205), and the temperature control of the cladding sample in the high-temperature steam oxidation experiment is achieved by an infrared radiation heating furnace temperature control system (19) connected to an infrared radiation heating furnace (12). ; 2. The high temperature oxidation quenching experimental system for cladding materials under severe accidents of nuclear reactors according to claim 1 is characterized by: The infrared radiation heating furnace (12) uses four high-power tungsten filament infrared radiation lamps as heat sources, and the heating elements of the infrared radiation lamps are sealed in quartz glass; infrared short-wave reflection focusing is achieved by gold plating on the stainless steel surface; and a quartz glass tube (13) is in the middle of the infrared radiation heating furnace.

3. The high temperature oxidation quenching experimental system for cladding materials under severe accidents of nuclear reactors according to claim 1 is characterized by: The track bracket (17) automatically controls the up and down movement of the upper track slider clamp (16) and the lower track slider clamp (7).

4. The high temperature oxidation quenching experimental system for cladding materials under severe accidents of nuclear reactors according to claim 1 is characterized by: The quenching device is provided with constant temperature water by a constant temperature water tank (10), and the water in the quenching quartz glass tube (8) and the constant temperature water tank (10) is exchanged through a high temperature resistant hose (9) to achieve constant temperature and movement; the quenching quartz tube (8) is quickly moved by automatic control to achieve rapid quenching of the sample after the high temperature oxidation experiment is completed.

5. The high temperature oxidation quenching experimental system for cladding materials under severe accidents of nuclear reactors according to claim 1 is characterized by: The infrared radiation heating furnace temperature control system (19) adopts a PID algorithm to control a constant heating rate, so as to realize the temperature control of the cladding sample in the high-temperature steam oxidation experiment.

6. The high temperature oxidation quenching experimental system for cladding materials under severe accidents of nuclear reactors according to claim 1 is characterized by: The infrared heating radiation furnace (12) can achieve a temperature increase of 1400° C. at a heating rate greater than 100° C. / s under water vapor conditions.

7. The high temperature oxidation quenching experimental system for cladding materials under severe accidents of nuclear reactors according to claim 1 is characterized by: The data acquisition system (18) comprises a data acquisition card connected to a No. 5 thermocouple (205) of the experimental loop via a junction box, a measurement module and a signal conditioner, and a computer-driven software module.

8. The high temperature oxidation quenching experimental system for cladding materials under severe accidents of nuclear reactors according to claim 1 is characterized by: The cladding sample is suspended in an infrared focusing heating area (21) in the middle of a quartz glass tube (13) by means of a hanging platinum-rhodium wire (15); the height of the cladding sample in the infrared focusing heating area (21) is adjusted by clamping the hanging platinum-rhodium wire (15) with an upper rail slider clamp (16) on the upper part of a slide rail bracket (17) to achieve uniform heating.

9. The experimental method of the high temperature oxidation quenching experimental system for cladding materials under severe accidents of nuclear reactors according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The experimental system is used to implement a high-temperature oxidation experiment of the cladding material under a water vapor environment, and after the high-temperature steam oxidation experiment, the cladding material is quickly quenched to obtain the mechanical properties of the cladding material. Before the experiment begins, all valves are kept closed, and the mass of the cladding sample is measured multiple times using a high-precision electronic balance to obtain an average value. Then, valve No. 3 (103) is opened to introduce deionized water into the steam generator (3), and then valve No. 3 (103) is closed after the water reaches a specified level. Valve No. 6 (106) and vacuum pump (4) are opened to evacuate the gas in the experimental pipeline, and then valve No. 6 (106) is closed. Argon gas bottle No. 1 (1) is used to provide argon gas for the experiment, and argon gas bottle No. 2 (106) is used to provide argon gas for the experiment. The gas cylinder (2) is used as a backup; the No. 1 valve (101) is opened to introduce argon gas to exhaust the air in the experimental pipeline and the quartz glass tube (13); the No. 5 valve (105) is opened to send the steam generated by the steam generator (3) into the argon main pipeline; the static gas mixer (5) and the No. 7 valve (107) are opened to mix the argon gas and the steam evenly; the water vapor temperature in the mixed gas pipeline is determined by adjusting the heating wire of the mixed gas pipeline and the collected temperature of the No. 4 thermocouple (204); the sealing ring (20) is closed, and the argon gas and water vapor mixed gas will flow upward along the quartz glass tube (13) and flow out from the gas outlet (14); the platinum rhodium wire ( 15) connecting the cladding sample to the upper track slider fixture (16), starting the upper track slider fixture (16) of the slide rail bracket (17) to move the cladding sample to the bottom of the infrared focusing heating area (21); starting the infrared radiation heating furnace (12) to set a preset heating rate and target temperature to start heating; starting the chiller (11) to dissipate heat and cool the stainless steel gold-plated reflective wall of the infrared radiation furnace (12); starting the data acquisition system (18) to use a fast-response exposed No. 5 thermocouple (205) to collect the cladding sample temperature information and transmit it to the infrared radiation heating furnace temperature control system (19) to achieve the infrared heating furnace heating rate and temperature control; when the high temperature When the water vapor oxidation time is about to end, the sealing ring (20) at the lower end of the quartz glass tube (13) is opened; the lower track slider clamp (7) of the slide rail bracket (17) is started to move the quenched quartz glass tube (8) to the bottom end of the infrared focusing heating area (21); when the high-temperature water vapor oxidation time ends, the infrared radiation heating furnace (12) is closed and the lower track slider clamp (7) is quickly started to move the quenched quartz glass tube (8) upward, so as to quickly quench the cladding sample after the high-temperature oxidation experiment is completed; the upper track slider clamp (16) of the slide rail bracket (17) is started to move the cladding sample to the upper end and take it out, and each pipeline valve and experimental instrument are closed in turn; After the experiment, the taken cladding samples will be measured for multiple times using a high-precision electronic balance to obtain the average value; the cross-sectional characterization parts of the cladding samples will be prepared using metallographic preparation materials, and the oxidation behavior will be characterized by advanced characterization methods such as EDS, SEM or TEM; the cladding samples will be compressed circumferentially at a preset displacement rate using a circumferential compression testing machine to obtain the stress-strain curve of the cladding samples after quenching, and the offset strain of the cladding samples will be further obtained to characterize their mechanical properties.

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