Basalt fiber-based fireproof intelligent sensing yarn and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a basalt fiber-based fireproof intelligent sensing yarn and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, coating flame-retardant thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) on the surface of a basalt filament in a lossless manner to obtain a high-strength, high-toughness and wear-resistant basalt fiber composite core yarn; then, the friction spinning technology is adopted, silver-plated flame-retardant short fibers are used for conducting double-layer wrapping on the composite core yarn in a fiber net stacking mode, a silver-plated flame-retardant short fiber wrapping layer with a periodic bamboo joint structure and a micropore effect on the surface is formed, and the lossless core-spun conductive yarn is constructed; and then, the flame-retardant yarns with opposite twisting directions are crossly and symmetrically wrapped on the surface of the core-spun yarn to construct a bidirectional wrapping flame-retardant layer. By means of the mode, the basalt fiber-based fireproof intelligent sensing yarn which is skin-friendly, soft, high in strength, good in toughness and capable of achieving self-energy supply can be prepared.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of textile technology, and in particular to a basalt fiber-based fireproof intelligent sensing yarn and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Fires cause great losses to the country and serious casualties every year. Fires in modern buildings, in particular, have the characteristics of rapid development, wide range, and difficulty in rescue. One of the important reasons for these problems is the flammability of textiles. Therefore, the research and development of fire-resistant and flame-retardant textiles has become a key research direction in the industry. At the same time, textiles with integrated intelligent sensing functions are the development direction of intelligent fire prevention and rescue textiles in the future.

[0003] Ordinary fire-resistant yarns often directly combine flame-retardant materials with fibers or yarns by spraying, coating, dipping, etc., so that the conductive material is attached to the surface of the yarn fiber to form a flame-retardant layer, giving the yarn fire-retardant properties. Due to the limited adhesion between flame-retardant materials and fibers, the flame-retardant materials of yarns and fabrics fall off when washed or rubbed with the outside world, reducing their fire-retardant properties. As a result, the durability and repeatability of flame-retardant yarns made by these methods cannot meet the actual application requirements.

[0004] In order to solve the durability problem, the study of the intrinsic flame retardant properties of fibers has become a key point. The intrinsic flame retardant fibers currently in use include polyimide fibers, aramid fibers, polytetrafluoroethylene fibers, etc. However, their working temperature is only below 300°C and cannot resist continuous combustion. Therefore, it is necessary to explore fibers with higher working temperatures to improve the flame retardant properties of yarns.

[0005] Basalt fiber is a natural mineral inorganic fiber with a very high polar oxygen index, so it has excellent flame retardant properties. At the same time, it has good thermal insulation effect, no melt droplets and shrinkage at high temperature (650°C), and is a potential material for the development of high-performance fireproof and heat-insulating yarns. In the prior art, the patent with publication number CN111979624A discloses a high-rigidity brittle fiber material lossless coated yarn and its spinning method and fabric, and forms a straight lossless core-shell structure composite yarn with a yarn core (basalt fiber) by twisting in the opposite way of ring spinning and friction spinning. The patent with publication number CN116752257A discloses a method for preparing a rigid fiber twist-free composite yarn, and a lossless twist-free yarn is spun by reverse torque of fibers of different components. Although the basalt fiber composite yarns obtained by these two methods have fire retardant properties, they do not have intelligent sensing functions. However, intelligent sensing yarns play an important role in preventing fires and emergency responses, and have great application significance in the fields of high-rise fire prevention and fire rescue.

[0006] In view of this, it is necessary to design a basalt fiber-based fire-resistant intelligent sensing yarn and a preparation method thereof to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a basalt fiber-based fireproof intelligent sensor yarn and a preparation method thereof, so as to obtain a skin-friendly, soft, high-strength, good-toughness, and self-powered basalt fiber-based fireproof intelligent sensor yarn. The present invention obtains a high-strength, high-toughness, and wear-resistant basalt fiber composite core yarn by coating flame-retardant TPU on basalt filaments; then based on the friction spinning core-wrapping technology, the silver-plated flame-retardant staple fibers are double-wrapped on the composite core yarn in the form of a stacked fiber mesh to form a lossless core-wrapped conductive yarn with a periodic bamboo structure on the surface, and the staple fiber layer rubs against the composite core yarn to form a self-powered system; further, two strands of flame-retardant yarn are cross-symmetrically wrapped on the surface of the core-wrapped conductive yarn to obtain a skin-friendly, soft, and basalt fiber-based fireproof intelligent sensor yarn with good physical and mechanical properties.

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the present invention provides a basalt fiber-based fire-proof intelligent sensing yarn, characterized in that it includes, from the inside to the outside, basalt filaments, a flame-retardant TPU film, a silver-plated flame-retardant staple fiber coating layer and a flame-retardant yarn coating layer; the silver-plated flame-retardant staple fiber coating layer has a periodic bamboo structure.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, in the silver-plated flame-retardant staple fiber coating layer, the spacing between adjacent bamboo node structures is 3 to 5 mm, and the protrusion height of the bamboo node structure is 0.2 to 0.5 mm.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the diameter of the basalt fiber is 0.3-0.5 mm; the thickness of the flame-retardant TPU film is 0.2-1 mm, the thickness of the silver-plated flame-retardant staple fiber coating layer is 0.5-2 mm, and the wrapping thickness of the flame-retardant yarn is 0.5-1 mm.

[0011] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a basalt fiber-based fireproof intelligent sensor, comprising the following steps:

[0012] S1. The surface of the basalt filament is coated with flame-retardant TPU to obtain a composite core yarn;

[0013] S2. using friction spinning technology to coat the surface of the composite core yarn with silver-plated flame-retardant staple fibers to obtain a lossless core-spun conductive yarn;

[0014] S3. Wrapping the flame-retardant yarn on the surface of the lossless core-spun conductive yarn to obtain a basalt fiber-based fire-resistant intelligent sensing yarn.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S1, the step of coating the surface of the basalt filament with flame-retardant TPU comprises:

[0016] Preparation of flame retardant TPU liquid material;

[0017] The basalt filaments are immersed in the flame-retardant TPU liquid material, and the basalt filaments are passed through small holes of a predetermined diameter under a drafting action to obtain basalt filaments with the flame-retardant TPU coated on the surface;

[0018] The basalt filaments with the flame-retardant TPU coated on the surface are subjected to heat-sealing and curing treatment to obtain the composite core yarn.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention, the method for preparing the flame retardant TPU liquid material comprises:

[0020] Mix TPU, flame retardant and solvent in a mass ratio of 7:2:1 and stir evenly.

[0021] As a further improvement of the present invention, the temperature of the heat-sealing curing treatment is 60 to 120° C. and the time is 2 to 10 minutes.

[0022] As a further improvement of the present invention, the diameter of the small hole is 0.7-2.5 mm.

[0023] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S2, the step of coating the surface of the composite core yarn with silver-plated flame-retardant staple fibers comprises:

[0024] The composite core yarn is unwound by using an axial unwinding technology and then fed into a twisting area of ​​a friction spinning frame;

[0025] The conductive flame retardant staple fiber strands are divided into two partially overlapping strands, so that the two strands form a partially stacked fiber mesh at the jaws of two dust cages rotating in the same direction, and the composite core yarn is coated to form a periodic bamboo structure in the silver-plated flame retardant staple fiber coating layer formed on the surface of the composite core yarn; wherein the width of the overlapping portion of the two strands is 1 to 2 cm.

[0026] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S3, the method of wrapping the flame-retardant yarn on the surface of the lossless core-spun conductive yarn includes: using a wrapping machine to symmetrically wrap the twisted flame-retardant yarn with opposite twist directions on the surface of the lossless core-spun conductive yarn.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0028] 1. The preparation method of the basalt fiber-based fireproof intelligent sensing yarn provided by the present invention is to obtain a high-strength, high-toughness and wear-resistant basalt fiber composite core yarn by coating the flame-retardant TPU on the basalt filament; then based on the friction spinning core-spun technology, the silver-plated flame-retardant staple fiber is double-coated on the composite core yarn in the form of a stacked fiber mesh to form a lossless core-spun conductive yarn with a periodic bamboo structure on the surface, and the staple fiber layer and the composite core yarn rub against each other to form a self-powered system; on this basis, two strands of flame-retardant yarn are further cross-symmetrically wrapped on the surface of the core-spun conductive yarn to obtain a skin-friendly, soft, and basalt fiber-based fireproof intelligent sensing yarn with good physical and mechanical properties. The basalt fiber-based fireproof intelligent sensing yarn not only has excellent fireproof and intelligent sensing performance, but also has good wearing performance. It can be used not only in high-rise home fireproof products (including curtains, sofa fabrics, carpets, etc.), life ropes, fire tents and other protective rescue products, but also in clothing that requires thermal protection and intelligent sensing functions for firefighters, steel plant employees, etc.

[0029] 2. The present invention can improve the elasticity and durability of basalt fibers with high rigidity and high brittleness by coating the surface of the fibers with flame-retardant TPU; moreover, the flame-retardant TPU film completely isolates the contact between the basalt filaments and the conductive staple fibers, thereby preventing burrs from being generated due to friction, thereby improving wearability.

[0030] 3. Based on the friction spinning core-wrapping technology, the present invention wraps the core yarn with silver-plated flame-retardant staple fibers in the form of a laminated fiber mesh. In this way, the composite core yarn will not produce twist during the coating process, so it will not cause loss to the structure and strength of the basalt fiber, and the surface of the conductive staple fiber layer will form a periodic bamboo structure. The fibers in the bamboo structure are loosely arranged and can form a microporous effect, which is useful for improving the mechanical properties of basalt fiber-based fireproof intelligent sensing yarn. In addition, the conductive staple fibers with microporous effect and the flame-retardant TPU film can generate greater friction, generate stronger electrical signals through friction, and achieve good sensing functions.

[0031] 4. The present invention adopts a wrapping machine to symmetrically and stably wrap the core yarn with two strands of flame-retardant yarn using S twist and Z twist respectively, thereby effectively preventing the rigid fiber filaments (basalt fibers) from bending and breaking during the spinning process, thereby damaging the structure of the rigid fiber filaments. At the same time, the short fibers are tightly grasped, and the composite yarn is given a soft and skin-friendly property. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the basalt fiber-based fire-resistant intelligent sensing yarn provided by the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of the preparation method of the basalt fiber-based fire-resistant intelligent sensing yarn in Example 1.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of coating the surface of the composite core yarn with silver-plated flame-retardant staple fibers in Example 1.

[0035] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the lossless core-spun conductive yarn obtained in Example 1.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a physical picture of the basalt fiber-based fire-resistant intelligent sensing yarn prepared in Example 1.

[0037] Figure 6 This is a diagram of the output voltage and output current of the basalt fiber-based smart sensing yarn prepared in Example 1.

[0038] Reference numerals

[0039] 1. Basalt filament; 2. Flame-retardant TPU film; 3. Silver-plated flame-retardant staple fiber coating; 4. Flame-retardant yarn coating; 5. Dust cage; 6. First staple fiber yarn whiskers; 7. Second staple fiber yarn whiskers; 8. Composite core yarn; 9. Lossless core-spun conductive yarn; 10. Bamboo structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0041] It should also be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention due to unnecessary details, only structures and / or processing steps closely related to the scheme of the present invention are shown in the drawings, while other details that are not closely related to the present invention are omitted.

[0042] In addition, it should be noted that the terms "comprises", "includes" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus.

[0043] The present invention provides a basalt fiber-based fireproof intelligent sensor yarn, the structural schematic diagram of which is shown in Figure 1 As shown, from inside to outside, it includes basalt filaments 1, flame-retardant TPU film 2, silver-plated flame-retardant staple fiber coating layer 3 and flame-retardant yarn coating layer 4; the silver-plated flame-retardant staple fiber coating layer 3 has a periodic bamboo structure 10.

[0044] Such a configuration can not only achieve a good flame retardant effect, but also effectively protect the basalt filaments 1 with the flame retardant TPU film 2 to prevent the basalt filaments 1 from friction with the outside world. At the same time, the flame retardant TPU film 2 can form a self-powered system with the silver-plated flame retardant staple fiber coating 3, wherein the flame retardant TPU film 2 serves as the negative electrode and the silver-plated flame retardant staple fiber coating 3 serves as the positive electrode. By performing a friction operation on the basalt fiber-based fireproof intelligent sensing yarn, the flame retardant TPU film 2 and the silver-plated flame retardant staple fiber coating can generate an electrical signal through friction, which plays a sensing and early warning role. In addition, the fibers in the bamboo structure 10 are loosely arranged and can form a microporous effect, which can not only improve the mechanical properties of the basalt fiber-based fireproof intelligent sensing yarn, but also enable the conductive staple fibers with microporous effect in the silver-plated flame retardant staple fiber coating 3 to generate greater friction with the flame retardant TPU film, generate stronger electrical signals through friction, and achieve good sensing function.

[0045] More preferably, the diameter of the basalt filament is 0.3-0.5mm; the thickness of the flame-retardant TPU film is 0.2-1mm, the thickness of the silver-plated flame-retardant staple fiber coating is 0.5-2mm, and the thickness of the flame-retardant yarn is 0.5-1mm. In the silver-plated flame-retardant staple fiber coating 3, the spacing between adjacent bamboo structures is 3-5mm, and the protrusion height of the bamboo structure is 0.2-0.5mm. Such an arrangement can improve the sensing effect while making the prepared basalt fiber-based fireproof intelligent sensing yarn have the advantages of skin-friendly softness, high strength, good toughness, etc., to meet the needs of practical applications.

[0046] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned basalt fiber-based fireproof intelligent sensing yarn, comprising the following steps:

[0047] S1. The surface of the basalt filament 1 is coated with flame-retardant TPU to obtain a composite core yarn 8;

[0048] S2. Using friction spinning technology, the surface of the composite core yarn 8 is coated with silver-plated flame-retardant staple fibers to obtain a lossless core-spun conductive yarn 9;

[0049] S3. Wrapping the flame-retardant yarn on the surface of the lossless core-spun conductive yarn 9 to obtain a basalt fiber-based fireproof intelligent sensing yarn.

[0050] Preferably, in step S1, the step of coating the surface of the basalt filament with flame-retardant TPU comprises:

[0051] Preparation of flame retardant TPU liquid material;

[0052] The basalt filament 1 is immersed in the flame-retardant TPU liquid material, and the basalt filament is passed through a small hole of a predetermined diameter under a drafting action to obtain a basalt filament with a surface coated with flame-retardant TPU;

[0053] The basalt filaments with the flame-retardant TPU coated on the surface are subjected to heat-sealing and curing treatment to obtain the composite core yarn.

[0054] By the above method, the flame-retardant TPU can be evenly coated on the surface of the basalt filament 1, and the excess flame-retardant TPU on the surface of the basalt filament 1 can be scraped off by using small holes of a predetermined diameter, so as to obtain a composite core yarn of a predetermined diameter.

[0055] Wherein, the preparation method of the flame retardant TPU liquid material comprises:

[0056] Mix TPU, flame retardant and solvent in a mass ratio of 7:2:1 and stir evenly.

[0057] The flame retardant and the solvent can be selected according to actual needs, as long as they can dissolve the TPU and achieve a flame retardant effect, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0058] The flame-retardant TPU liquid material formed by the above method not only has a flame-retardant effect, but also has a high viscosity, and can effectively adhere to the surface of the basalt filaments 1 when the basalt filaments 1 are immersed, and form a thicker flame-retardant TPU film 2.

[0059] Preferably, the heat-sealing curing treatment is performed at a temperature of 60 to 120° C. for 2 to 10 minutes, so that the flame-retardant TPU is tightly wrapped around the surface of the basalt filaments 1 after curing, thereby preventing the basalt filaments 1 from rubbing against the outside world.

[0060] Preferably, the diameter of the small holes is 0.7-2.5 mm, so as to form a thicker flame-retardant TPU film 2, which can effectively protect the basalt filaments 1 while improving their elasticity and durability.

[0061] Please refer to Figure 3-4 In step S2, the step of coating the surface of the composite core yarn with silver-plated flame-retardant staple fibers comprises:

[0062] The composite core yarn is unwound by using an axial unwinding technology and then fed into a twisting area of ​​a friction spinning frame;

[0063] The conductive flame retardant staple fiber strands are divided into two partially overlapping strands, so that the two strands form a partially stacked fiber mesh at the jaws formed by two dust cages 5 rotating in the same direction, and the composite core yarn is coated to form a periodic bamboo node structure in the silver-plated flame retardant staple fiber coating layer formed on the surface of the composite core yarn; wherein the width of the overlapping portion of the two strands is 1 to 2 cm.

[0064] Among them, the conductive flame retardant staple fiber is preferably a conductive flame retardant staple fiber viscose staple fiber, and the fiber length is preferably 35 to 40 mm.

[0065] It should be noted that the friction spinning machine used in the present invention is an existing device, so its device structure and specific use method are not described in detail here. The improvement of the conventional friction spinning technology in the present invention mainly lies in dividing the conductive flame-retardant staple fiber into two partially overlapping strands, namely Figure 3 The first staple yarn whisker 6 and the second staple yarn whisker 7 in the composite core yarn 8 are formed by partially overlapping two strands of whiskers. When the composite core yarn 8 is coated, a bamboo structure can be formed in the overlapping part. The fibers in the bamboo structure are loosely arranged, which can form a microporous effect, making the signal sensing effect better and improving the mechanical properties of the basalt fiber-based fire-resistant intelligent sensing yarn.

[0066] In step S3, the method of wrapping the flame-retardant yarn on the surface of the lossless core-spun conductive yarn includes: using a wrapping machine to symmetrically wrap twisted flame-retardant yarn filaments with opposite twist directions on the surface of the lossless core-spun conductive yarn.

[0067] The above method can form a stable wrapping structure by symmetrically wrapping the flame-retardant yarn with positive and negative twists, and will not produce additional bending and twisting effects on the core yarn, thereby avoiding structural damage to the core yarn.

[0068] Among them, the flame retardant yarn is preferably polyimide filament, and the fineness of the polyimide filament is preferably 8-

[0069] 12tex.

[0070] Specifically, polyimide filaments with opposite twist directions are placed on the first hollow ingot and the second hollow ingot of the wrapping machine, respectively, and the first hollow ingot and the second hollow ingot rotate in opposite directions and keep the same twist directions as the corresponding polyimide filaments. That is, the first hollow ingot with the S-twisted polyimide filaments placed rotates counterclockwise, and the second hollow ingot with the Z-twisted polyimide filaments placed rotates clockwise.

[0071] Preferably, the twist coefficients of the S-twisted polyimide filament and the Z-twisted polyimide filament are the same, and the twist coefficient range is 200 to 400; the first hollow spindle and the second hollow spindle have the same rotation speed, and the operating range is 4000 to 5000 r / min to ensure that the two twisted polyimide filaments are symmetrically and tightly wrapped on the surface of the lossless core-spun conductive yarn 9.

[0072] The basalt fiber fire-proof warning intelligent yarn and its preparation method provided by the present invention are further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments:

[0073] Example 1

[0074] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a basalt fiber-based fireproof intelligent sensor yarn, and its process diagram is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the specific steps include:

[0075] S1. Mix TPU, flame retardant and solvent in a mass ratio of 7:2:1, stir evenly, and obtain a flame retardant TPU liquid material; immerse basalt filament 1 in the flame retardant TPU liquid material, and make the basalt filament 1 pass through a small hole with a diameter of 1.5 mm under the action of drawing to obtain basalt filament with a surface coated with flame retardant TPU; heat-seal and cure the basalt filament with a surface coated with flame retardant TPU at 90°C for 10 minutes to obtain a composite core yarn 8.

[0076] S2. The composite core yarn is unwound by axial unwinding technology and then fed into the twisting area of ​​the friction spinning machine; the silver-plated flame-retardant viscose staple fiber whiskers are divided into partially overlapping first staple fiber yarn whiskers 5 and second staple fiber yarn whiskers 6, and the width of the overlapping part between the first staple fiber yarn whiskers 5 and the second staple fiber yarn whiskers 6 is 1.5 cm. The friction spinning technology is used to transport the two partially overlapping whiskers to the surface of the dust cage 5, so that the two whiskers form a partially stacked fiber mesh at the jaws formed by two dust cages 5 rotating in the same direction. Under the action of the friction force rotating in the same direction, the staple fibers in the fiber mesh are tightly coated on the surface of the composite core yarn 8, and a periodic bamboo node structure 10 is formed in the silver-plated flame-retardant staple fiber coating layer 3. The obtained composite core yarn coated with the silver-plated flame-retardant staple fibers is a lossless core-wrapped conductive yarn 9.

[0077] S3. Place two strands of polyimide filaments with S twist and Z twist and twist coefficient of 300 on the first hollow spindle and the second hollow spindle of the wrapping machine respectively. The first hollow spindle rotates counterclockwise and the second hollow spindle rotates clockwise, both with a speed of 4500r / min, so that the polyimide filaments are symmetrically wrapped on the surface of the lossless core-spun conductive yarn 9 to obtain basalt fiber-based fire-resistant intelligent sensing yarn.

[0078] The basalt fiber-based fireproof intelligent sensing yarn prepared in this embodiment includes basalt filaments 1, flame-retardant TPU film 2, silver-plated flame-retardant staple fiber coating layer 3 and flame-retardant yarn coating layer 4 from inside to outside; the silver-plated flame-retardant staple fiber coating layer 3 has a periodic bamboo structure 10.

[0079] The diameter of the basalt filament is 0.3 mm; the thickness of the flame-retardant TPU film is 0.6 mm; the thickness of the silver-plated flame-retardant staple fiber coating layer is 1 mm; and the thickness of the flame-retardant yarn is 0.8 mm. In the silver-plated flame-retardant staple fiber coating layer 3, the spacing between adjacent bamboo structures is 4 mm, and the protrusion height of the bamboo structure is 0.4 mm.

[0080] The actual picture of the basalt fiber-based fireproof intelligent sensor yarn prepared in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 5 shown.

[0081] The performance of the basalt fiber-based intelligent sensing yarn prepared in this embodiment was tested, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0082] Table 1 Performance of basalt fiber-based intelligent sensing yarn prepared in Example 1

[0083] tensile strength Elongation at break Flame retardant 10.0cN / tex 1.9％ Oxygen index 33

[0084] It can be seen from Table 1 that the basalt fiber-based smart sensing yarn prepared in this embodiment has high tensile strength, elongation at break and good flame retardancy, and can meet the needs of practical applications.

[0085] In order to test the sensing performance of the basalt fiber-based smart sensing yarn prepared in this embodiment, it was regularly rubbed and its output voltage and output current were measured, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 shown.

[0086] Depend on Figure 6 It can be seen that the basalt fiber-based intelligent sensing yarn prepared in this embodiment can stably output current and voltage and has good sensing performance.

[0087] Comparative Example 1

[0088] This comparative example provides a basalt fiber-based fire-proof intelligent sensing yarn. Compared with Example 1, the difference lies in that in step S2, the silver-plated flame-retardant viscose staple fiber strands are only one strand, and the formed silver-plated flame-retardant staple fiber coating layer 3 does not have a bamboo node structure. The other steps are roughly the same as Example 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0089] The properties of the basalt fiber-based intelligent sensing yarn prepared in this comparative example are shown in Table 2.

[0090] Table 2 Performance of basalt fiber-based intelligent sensing yarn prepared in Comparative Example 1

[0091] tensile strength Elongation at break Flame retardant 8.7cN / tex 1.5％ Oxygen index 32

[0092] Compared with Example 1, it can be seen that the tensile strength and elongation at break of the basalt fiber-based smart sensing yarn prepared in this comparative example are lower than those in Example 1, indicating that the bamboo node structure in the silver-plated flame-retardant staple fiber coating layer 3 can effectively improve the mechanical properties of the basalt fiber-based smart sensing yarn.

[0093] In addition, due to the lack of bamboo structure in this comparative example, the sensing performance of the basalt fiber-based smart sensing yarn is relatively weak.

[0094] Comparative Example 2

[0095] This comparative example provides a basalt fiber-based fireproof intelligent sensing yarn. Compared with Example 1, the difference is that in step S3, the polyimide filaments are not symmetrically wrapped, but a twisted polyimide filament is directly wrapped around the composite core yarn. The other steps are roughly the same as those in Example 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0096] The properties of the basalt fiber-based intelligent sensing yarn prepared in this comparative example are shown in Table 3.

[0097] Table 3 Performance of basalt fiber-based intelligent sensing yarn prepared in Comparative Example 2

[0098] tensile strength Elongation at break Flame retardant 8.2cN / tex 1.3％ Oxygen index 30

[0099] Compared with Example 1, it can be seen that the tensile strength and elongation at break of the basalt fiber-based smart sensing yarn prepared in this comparative example are lower than those in Example 1, indicating that symmetrical wrapping of polyimide filaments is beneficial to improving the tensile strength and elongation at break of the basalt fiber-based smart sensing yarn.

[0100] In summary, the present invention provides a basalt fiber-based fireproof intelligent sensing yarn and a preparation method thereof. First, flame-retardant thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is non-destructively coated on the surface of basalt filaments to obtain high-strength, high-toughness, and wear-resistant basalt fiber composite core yarn; then, friction spinning technology is used to double-coat the composite core yarn with silver-plated flame-retardant staple fibers in the form of a stacked fiber mesh to form a silver-plated flame-retardant staple fiber coating layer with a periodic bamboo structure and microporous effect on the surface, and a lossless core-wrapped conductive yarn is constructed; then, flame-retardant yarns with opposite twist directions are cross-symmetrically wrapped on the surface of the core-wrapped yarn to construct a bidirectionally wrapped flame-retardant layer. In the above manner, a skin-friendly, soft, high-strength, good-toughness, and self-powered basalt fiber-based fireproof intelligent sensing yarn can be prepared, so that it can be used not only in high-rise home fire protection products (including curtains, sofa fabrics, carpets, etc.), life ropes, fire tents and other protective and rescue products, but also in clothing for firefighters, steel plant employees, etc. that require thermal protection and intelligent sensing functions.

[0101] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A basalt fiber-based fireproof intelligent sensing yarn, characterized in that: From the inside to the outside, it includes basalt filaments, a flame-retardant TPU film, a silver-plated flame-retardant staple fiber coating layer and a flame-retardant yarn coating layer; the silver-plated flame-retardant staple fiber coating layer has a periodic bamboo structure.

2. The basalt fiber-based fireproof intelligent sensor yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the silver-plated flame-retardant staple fiber coating layer, the spacing between adjacent bamboo node structures is 3 to 5 mm, and the protrusion height of the bamboo node structure is 0.2 to 0.5 mm.

3. The basalt fiber-based fireproof intelligent sensor yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the basalt filament is 0.3-0.5 mm; the thickness of the flame-retardant TPU film is 0.2-1 mm; the thickness of the silver-plated flame-retardant staple fiber coating layer is 0.5-2 mm; and the wrapping thickness of the flame-retardant yarn is 0.5-1 mm.

4. A method for preparing the basalt fiber-based fireproof intelligent sensor yarn according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. coating the surface of the basalt filament with flame-retardant TPU to obtain a composite core yarn; S2. using friction spinning technology to coat the surface of the composite core yarn with silver-plated flame-retardant staple fibers to obtain a lossless core-spun conductive yarn; S3. Wrapping the flame-retardant yarn on the surface of the lossless core-spun conductive yarn to obtain a basalt fiber-based fire-resistant intelligent sensing yarn.

5. The method for preparing basalt fiber-based fireproof intelligent sensing yarn according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S1, the step of coating the surface of the basalt filament with flame-retardant TPU includes: Preparation of flame retardant TPU liquid material; The basalt filaments are immersed in the flame-retardant TPU liquid material, and the basalt filaments are passed through small holes of a predetermined diameter under a drafting action to obtain basalt filaments with the flame-retardant TPU coated on the surface; The basalt filaments with the flame-retardant TPU coated on the surface are subjected to heat-sealing and curing treatment to obtain the composite core yarn.

6. The method for preparing basalt fiber-based fireproof intelligent sensing yarn according to claim 5, characterized in that: The preparation method of the flame retardant TPU liquid material comprises: Mix TPU, flame retardant and solvent in a mass ratio of 7:2:1 and stir evenly.

7. The method for preparing basalt fiber-based fireproof intelligent sensing yarn according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heat-sealing curing treatment is performed at a temperature of 60 to 120° C. and for a time of 2 to 10 minutes.

8. The method for preparing basalt fiber-based fireproof intelligent sensing yarn according to claim 5, characterized in that: The diameter of the small hole is 0.7-2.5 mm.

9. The method for preparing basalt fiber-based fireproof intelligent sensing yarn according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S2, the step of coating the surface of the composite core yarn with silver-plated flame-retardant staple fibers comprises: The composite core yarn is unwound by using an axial unwinding technology and then fed into a twisting area of ​​a friction spinning frame; The conductive flame retardant staple fiber strands are divided into two partially overlapping strands, so that the two strands form a partially stacked fiber mesh at the jaws of two dust cages rotating in the same direction, and the composite core yarn is coated to form a periodic bamboo structure in the silver-plated flame retardant staple fiber coating layer formed on the surface of the composite core yarn; wherein the width of the overlapping portion of the two strands is 1 to 2 cm.

10. The method for preparing basalt fiber-based fireproof intelligent sensing yarn according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S3, the method of wrapping the flame-retardant yarn on the surface of the lossless core-spun conductive yarn includes: using a wrapping machine to symmetrically wrap the twisted flame-retardant yarn with opposite twist directions on the surface of the lossless core-spun conductive yarn.

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