Device and method for trapping migratory fishes at bottom layer of river

Abstract

The invention discloses a river bottom migratory fish collecting and catching device which comprises a guide assembly, the guide assembly comprises a backflow plate, a collecting groove and a water drainage mechanism, the collecting groove is installed on the backflow plate, the backflow plate is obliquely arranged, a plurality of stand columns are fixedly connected to the backflow plate and the collecting groove, the stand columns are inserted into a riverbed, and the backflow plate extends into river water; the fishing assembly comprises a shell, the shell is communicated with the collecting groove, a first net plate, a second net plate and a third net plate are obliquely and slidably arranged in the shell, a first threaded rod is in threaded connection with the first net plate, the first threaded rod is fixedly connected to the output end of a first motor, and a collecting box is movably arranged in the shell; a first cavity, a second cavity and a third cavity are formed in the collecting box, a first inlet is formed in the first cavity, a second inlet is formed in the second cavity, and a third inlet is formed in the third cavity. According to the device, fishes can be conveniently caught according to body sizes, fishing net tools are avoided, the fishes are prevented from being stuck, and the device is more convenient to use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of migratory fish collection and capture, in particular to a river bottom migratory fish collection and capture device and a collection and capture method, belonging to the field of water conservancy engineering. Background Art

[0002] With the development of hydropower projects, fish in different water layers of rivers need to pass through more dams to communicate their germplasm resources.

[0003] There are usually two ways to communicate germplasm resources in the existing technology: fishing with nets; since bottom fish live in deep water, traditional fishing methods are inefficient and easily cause fish injuries; and using existing fishways; for bottom fish that are small and have weak swimming abilities, the flow rate in traditional fishways is too high to communicate upstream and downstream.

[0004] In addition to the above solutions, there is no more effective method in the prior art. Patent No. CN111670867A discloses a lifting type river bottom migratory fish collection and capture device, which mainly uses mesh tools such as interception nets and lifting nets, which can easily cause some fish to get stuck in the net, causing inconvenience to the collection and capture work.

[0005] Therefore, a device and method for collecting and capturing river bottom migratory fish are proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for collecting and capturing river bottom migratory fish to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, facilitate the classification of fish according to their size, and avoid the use of fishing nets.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a device for collecting and capturing river bottom migratory fish, comprising: A guide assembly, the guide assembly comprising a vortex plate, a collecting trough and a water discharge mechanism, the collecting trough is installed on the vortex plate, the vortex plate is inclined, the water discharge mechanism is located upstream of the vortex plate, a plurality of columns are fixedly connected to the vortex plate and the collecting trough, the columns are inserted into the riverbed, and the vortex plate extends into the river water; A fishing component, the fishing component includes a shell, the shell is connected to the collecting tank, an opening and closing mechanism is arranged between the shell and the collecting tank, a first mesh plate, a second mesh plate and a third mesh plate are arranged in an inclined and sliding manner in the shell, the mesh size of the first mesh plate is larger than that of the second mesh plate, the mesh size of the second mesh plate is larger than that of the third mesh plate, the first mesh plate, the second mesh plate and the third mesh plate are arranged in sequence up and down, a first threaded rod is threadedly connected to the first mesh plate, the threaded rod extends out of the shell, the first threaded rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor, the first motor is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the shell, the first mesh plate and the A plurality of ropes are fixedly connected between the second mesh plates, a plurality of the ropes are arranged between the second mesh plates and the third mesh plates, a collecting box is movably arranged in the outer shell, a first cavity, a second cavity and a third cavity are arranged in the collecting box, the first cavity has a first entrance, the second cavity has a second entrance, the third cavity has a third entrance, the first cavity, the second cavity and the third cavity are arranged in sequence up and down, a door panel mechanism is arranged on the first entrance, the second entrance and the third entrance, a taking and placing port is opened on the outer shell, a second motor is arranged in the outer shell, and the second motor is drivingly connected to the collecting box.

[0008] Preferably, a first through hole is provided on the collecting groove, a second through hole is provided on the outer shell, the first through hole and the second through hole are connected by a pipe, the opening and closing mechanism includes a second sealing plate, a third through hole is provided on the pipe, a card slot is provided on the inner side wall of the pipe, the second sealing plate is inserted into the through hole, the second sealing plate is carded in the card slot, a second electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the outside of the collecting groove, a fourth connecting plate is fixedly connected to the second sealing plate, the output end of the second electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the fourth connecting plate, a fixing plate is fixedly connected to the outer shell, a second through hole is provided on the fixing plate, the second sealing plate is inserted into the second through hole, and the second sealing plate is slidably arranged in the second through hole.

[0009] Preferably, the first mesh plate is provided with a first through hole, a conduit is fixedly connected in the first through hole, a thread is provided on the inner edge of the conduit, the first threaded rod is threadedly connected in the conduit, four support rods are fixedly connected in the shell, the four corners of the first mesh plate, the second mesh plate and the third mesh plate are rotatably connected with rollers, the support rod is provided with a first slide groove, the roller is slidably connected in the first slide groove, and the size of the first slide groove is slightly larger than the size of the roller.

[0010] Preferably, the collection box includes a box body, two partitions are fixedly connected to the box body, the two partitions divide the space inside the box body into the first cavity, the second cavity and the third cavity, the door panel mechanism includes a first sealing plate, the first entrance, the second entrance and the third entrance are all provided with the first sealing plate, the first cavity, the second cavity and the third cavity are all fixedly connected with a first electric telescopic rod, and the first electric telescopic rod is transmission-connected to the first sealing plate.

[0011] Preferably, a plurality of grooves are provided on the box body, and the plurality of grooves are respectively located at the positions of the first entrance, the second entrance and the third entrance, a first connecting plate is fixedly connected to the first sealing plate, the output end of the first electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the first connecting plate, and a plurality of pull rings are fixedly connected to the box body.

[0012] Preferably, a bottom plate is fixedly connected inside the shell, a plurality of second slide grooves are provided on the bottom plate, a slider is slidably connected inside the second slide groove, a support plate is fixedly connected to the slider, a plurality of plug rods are fixedly connected to the box body, a plurality of sockets are provided on the support plate, the plug rods are arranged corresponding to the sockets, a fixed block is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the support plate, and the second motor is transmission-connected to the fixed block.

[0013] Preferably, two vertical plates are fixedly connected to the base plate, a second threaded rod is rotatably connected between the two vertical plates, the second threaded rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor, a first threaded hole is opened on the fixed block, and the second threaded rod is threadedly connected in the first threaded hole.

[0014] Preferably, the water discharge mechanism includes a water sink, a water outlet hole is formed on the water sink, a water inlet pipe is arranged on the water sink, two guide grooves are fixedly connected in the water sink, the guide grooves are located on both sides of the water outlet hole, a baffle is slidably connected in the guide groove, a second connecting plate is fixedly connected to the baffle, a mounting plate is fixedly connected to the water sink, a third motor is fixedly connected to the mounting plate, a third threaded rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the third motor, a second threaded hole is formed on the second connecting plate, the third threaded rod is threadedly connected to the third threaded hole, and the third motor is fixedly connected to the mounting plate through the third connecting plate.

[0015] Preferably, guard plates are fixedly connected to both sides of the vortex plate, the water tank is fixedly connected to the shell through pillars, a plurality of water leakage holes are opened on the shell, the water leakage holes are fixedly connected to drain pipes, and a solenoid valve is installed on the drain pipe.

[0016] A method for collecting and catching river bottom migratory fish comprises the following steps: Step 1: releasing water through the water release mechanism, so that the water flows downward along the vortex plate and fills the collection tank with water; Step 2: When the fish swim along the migratory plate into the collecting tank, the collecting tank and the outer shell are connected by the opening and closing mechanism, so that the water and the fish in the collecting tank enter the outer shell. Before the water and the fish are put into the outer shell, the first net plate, the second net plate and the third net plate should be at the lowest position; Step 3, starting the first motor, the first motor drives the first threaded rod to rotate, the rotation of the first threaded rod causes the first net plate to move up, the first net plate drives the second net plate to move up through the rope, the second net plate drives the third net plate to move up through the rope, and in the process of the first net plate, the second net plate and the third net plate moving up, the fishes are separated according to their sizes; Step 4, opening the door panel mechanism, allowing the fish on the first net plate to enter the first cavity, the fish on the second net plate to enter the second cavity, and the fish on the third net plate to enter the third cavity, so as to complete the classification of fish according to body size; Step 5, start the second motor to move the collection box to the access opening position, so as to facilitate the collection box to be taken out.

[0017] The present invention discloses the following technical effects: in the device, the column facilitates the device to be fixed in the riverbed, the water release mechanism is used to release water flow, which is conducive to attracting migratory fish to swim onto the migratory plate, the collecting trough is used to collect migratory fish, and when the migratory fish swim upward along the migratory plate, they will enter the collecting trough, the opening and closing mechanism is used to control the connection or disconnection between the collecting trough and the outer shell, and when a certain number of fish are collected in the collecting trough, the opening and closing mechanism can be opened to connect the collecting trough and the outer shell, and the water in the collecting trough and the fish will enter the outer shell, and then the opening and closing mechanism can be closed to prevent too much water from entering the outer shell, the collecting box is located in the outer shell, and then the first motor is started, the first motor drives the first threaded rod to rotate, the rotation of the first threaded rod will drive the first mesh plate to move up, after the first mesh plate moves up, the second mesh plate will be pulled up by the rope, after the second mesh plate moves up, the third mesh plate will be pulled up by the rope, until the first mesh plate is in The first entrance is located at the position of the second entrance, the second net plate is located at the position of the second entrance, and the third net plate is located at the position of the third entrance. Then the door panel mechanism is opened to open the first entrance, the second entrance and the third entrance. The fish on the first net plate, the second net plate and the third net plate will enter the first cavity, the second cavity and the third cavity respectively. Then the first entrance, the second entrance and the third entrance are closed by the door panel mechanism. A certain amount of water can be pre-filled in the first cavity, the second cavity and the third cavity. Then the second motor is started, and the second motor drives the collection box to move, and the collection box is moved to the position of the access port, so as to facilitate the removal of the collection box. This device is not only convenient for collecting fish according to their size, but also avoids the use of fishing nets to prevent fish from being stuck, and is more convenient to use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device for collecting and capturing river bottom migratory fish in the present invention; Figure 2 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of the outer shell part of the present invention; Figure 3 A top view of the support rod and the first mesh plate in the present invention; Among them, 1. vortex plate; 2. collecting tank; 3. column; 4. shell; 5. first mesh plate; 6. second mesh plate; 7. third mesh plate; 8. first threaded rod; 9. first motor; 10. rope; 11. collection box; 12. first cavity; 13. second cavity; 14. third cavity; 15. access port; 16. second motor; 17. pipeline; 18. second sealing plate; 19. second electric telescopic rod; 20. fourth connecting plate; 21. fixing plate; 22. conduit; 23. support rod; 24. roller; 25. box body; 26. Partition; 27. First sealing plate; 28. First electric telescopic rod; 29. ​​First connecting plate; 30. Pull ring; 31. Bottom plate; 32. Second slide groove; 33. Sliding block; 34. Support plate; 35. Insert rod; 36. Fixed block; 37. Vertical plate; 38. Second threaded rod; 39. Sink; 40. Water outlet; 41. Water inlet pipe; 42. Guide groove; 43. Baffle; 44. Second connecting plate; 45. Mounting plate; 46. Third motor; 47. Third threaded rod; 48. Guard plate; 49. Drain pipe; 50. Solenoid valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] Reference Figure 1-3 The present invention provides a device for collecting and capturing river bottom migratory fish, comprising: The guide assembly includes a vortex plate 1, a collecting trough 2 and a water discharge mechanism. The collecting trough 2 is installed on the vortex plate 1. The vortex plate 1 is tilted. The water discharge mechanism is located upstream of the vortex plate 1. A plurality of columns 3 are fixedly connected to the vortex plate 1 and the collecting trough 2. The columns 3 are inserted into the riverbed. The vortex plate 1 extends into the river water. The fishing assembly includes a shell 4, the shell 4 is connected to the collecting tank 2, an opening and closing mechanism is arranged between the shell 4 and the collecting tank 2, a first mesh plate 5, a second mesh plate 6 and a third mesh plate 7 are arranged in an inclined and sliding manner in the shell 4, the mesh size of the first mesh plate 5 is larger than that of the second mesh plate 6, the mesh size of the second mesh plate 6 is larger than that of the third mesh plate 7, the first mesh plate 5, the second mesh plate 6 and the third mesh plate 7 are arranged in sequence up and down, a first threaded rod 8 is threadedly connected to the first mesh plate 5, the threaded rod extends out of the shell 4, the first threaded rod 8 is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor 9, the first motor 9 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the shell 4, and the first mesh plate 5 and the second mesh plate 6 are fixedly connected There are a plurality of ropes 10, a plurality of ropes 10 are arranged between the second mesh plate 6 and the third mesh plate 7, a collecting box 11 is movably arranged in the outer shell 4, a first cavity 12, a second cavity 13 and a third cavity 14 are arranged in the collecting box 11, the first cavity 12 has a first entrance, the second cavity 13 has a second entrance, the third cavity 14 has a third entrance, the first cavity 12, the second cavity 13 and the third cavity 14 are arranged in sequence up and down, a door panel mechanism is arranged on the first entrance, the second entrance and the third entrance, a taking and placing port 15 is opened on the outer shell 4, a second motor 16 is arranged in the outer shell 4, and the second motor 16 is transmission-connected to the collecting box 11.

[0023] In the device, the column 3 facilitates the device to be fixed in the riverbed, the water release mechanism is used to release the water flow, which is conducive to attracting migratory fish to swim on the migratory plate 1, and the collection tank 2 is used to collect migratory fish. When the migratory fish swims upward along the migratory plate 1, they will enter the collection tank 2. The opening and closing mechanism is used to control the connection or disconnection between the collection tank 2 and the shell 4. When a certain number of fish are collected in the collection tank 2, the opening and closing mechanism can be opened to make the collection tank 2 and the shell 4 The water in the collecting tank 2 and the fish will enter the outer shell 2, and then the opening and closing mechanism is closed to prevent too much water from entering the outer shell 4. The collecting box 11 is located in the outer shell 4. Before the water and the fish enter the outer shell 4, the collecting box 11 is already located near the first mesh plate 5, the second mesh plate 6 and the third mesh plate 7. The collecting box 11 can block the fish and prevent the fish from falling out of the first mesh plate 5, the second mesh plate 6 and the third mesh plate 7. Then the first motor 9 is started, and the first motor 9 drives the first threaded rod 8 to rotate. The rotation of the first threaded rod 8 will drive the first mesh plate 5 to move up. After the first mesh plate 5 moves up, the second mesh plate 6 will be pulled up by the rope 10. After the second mesh plate 6 moves up, the third mesh plate 7 will be pulled up by the rope 10 until the first mesh plate 5 is located at the first entrance and the second mesh plate 6 is moved up. The plate 6 is located at the position of the second entrance, and the third net plate 7 is located at the position of the third entrance. Then the door plate mechanism is opened to open the first entrance, the second entrance and the third entrance. The fish on the first net plate 5, the second net plate 6 and the third net plate 7 will enter the first cavity 12, the second cavity 13 and the third cavity 14 respectively. Then the first entrance, the second entrance and the third entrance are closed by the door plate mechanism. A certain amount of water can be pre-filled in the first cavity 12, the second cavity 13 and the third cavity 14. Then the second motor 16 is started. The second motor 16 drives the collection box 11 to move and moves the collection box 11 to the position of the access port 15, so as to facilitate the removal of the collection box 11. In this embodiment, the first motor 9 is fixedly connected to the outer shell 4 through the protective shell, and the first motor 9 is fixedly connected in the protective shell. In this device, a small amount of water can enter the outer shell 4, but it cannot affect the first net plate 5, the second net plate 6 and the third net plate 7 to separate the fish.

[0024] A further optimized solution is provided, a first through hole is provided on the collecting tank 2, a second through hole is provided on the outer shell 4, the first through hole and the second through hole are connected by a pipe 17, the opening and closing mechanism includes a second sealing plate 18, a third through hole is provided on the pipe 17, a card slot is provided on the inner side wall of the pipe 17, the second sealing plate 18 is inserted into the through hole, the second sealing plate 18 is snapped into the card slot, a second electric telescopic rod 19 is fixedly connected to the outside of the collecting tank 2, a fourth connecting plate 20 is fixedly connected to the second sealing plate 18, an output end of the second electric telescopic rod 19 is fixedly connected to the fourth connecting plate 20, a fixing plate 21 is fixedly connected to the outer shell 4, a second through hole is provided on the fixing plate 21, the second sealing plate 18 is inserted into the second through hole, and the second sealing plate 18 is slidably arranged in the second through hole.

[0025] The water and fish in the collecting tank 2 enter the housing 4 through the first through hole, the pipe 17 and the second through hole. When a certain number of fish are collected in the collecting tank 2, the fourth connecting plate 20 is driven to move by the second electric telescopic rod 19, and the fourth connecting plate 20 drives the second sealing plate 18 to move, thereby opening the pipe 17 to facilitate the passage of water and fish. After the water and fish pass through, the second sealing plate 18 closes the pipe 17 again, and the second through hole on the fixed plate 21 makes the movement of the second sealing plate 18 more stable.

[0026] A further optimized solution is that a first through hole is opened on the first mesh plate 5, a conduit 22 is fixedly connected in the first through hole, a thread is opened on the inner edge of the conduit 22, a first threaded rod 8 is threadedly connected in the conduit 22, four support rods 23 are fixedly connected in the outer shell 4, the four corners of the first mesh plate 5, the second mesh plate 6 and the third mesh plate 7 are rotatably connected with rollers 24, a first slide groove is opened on the support rod 23, the roller 24 is slidably connected in the first slide groove, and the size of the first slide groove is slightly larger than the size of the roller 24.

[0027] The first threaded rod 8 rotates, and the conduit 22 moves on the first threaded rod 8, thereby driving the first mesh plate 5 to move. The first mesh plate 5, the second mesh plate 6 and the third mesh plate 7 slide on the four support rods 23 through the roller 24, which is more convenient. The roller 24 can roll in the first slide groove.

[0028] A further optimized solution is that the collection box 11 includes a box body 25, and two partitions 26 are fixedly connected inside the box body 25, and the two partitions 26 divide the space inside the box body 25 into a first cavity 12, a second cavity 13 and a third cavity 14, and the door panel mechanism includes a first sealing plate 27, and the first entrance, the second entrance and the third entrance are all provided with a first sealing plate 27, and the first cavity 12, the second cavity 13 and the third cavity 14 are all fixedly connected with a first electric telescopic rod 28, and the first electric telescopic rod 28 is transmission-connected to the first sealing plate 27.

[0029] A first sealing plate 27 is provided on the first inlet, the second inlet and the third inlet to block the first inlet, the second inlet and the third inlet. The first electric telescopic rod 28 drives the first sealing plate 27 to move.

[0030] A further optimized solution is that a plurality of grooves are opened on the box body 25, and the plurality of grooves are respectively located at the positions of the first entrance, the second entrance and the third entrance. A first connecting plate 29 is fixedly connected to the first sealing plate 27, an output end of the first electric telescopic rod 28 is fixedly connected to the first connecting plate 29, and a plurality of pull rings 30 are fixedly connected to the box body 25.

[0031] The first sealing plate 27 moves in the groove, and the box body 25 can be easily taken out through the pull ring 30.

[0032] A further optimized solution is that a bottom plate 31 is fixedly connected inside the outer shell 4, a plurality of second slide grooves 32 are provided on the bottom plate 31, a slider 33 is slidably connected inside the second slide groove 32, a support plate 34 is fixedly connected to the slider 33, a plurality of plug rods 35 are fixedly connected to the box body 25, a plurality of sockets are provided on the support plate 34, the plug rods 35 and the sockets are arranged correspondingly, a fixing block 36 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the support plate 34, and the second motor 16 is transmission-connected to the fixing block 36.

[0033] The insertion rod 35 can be inserted into the insertion hole, which makes it convenient to stabilize the box body 25 on the support plate 34 and also convenient to place the box body 25 on the support plate 34. The second motor 16 drives the fixing block 36 to move, the fixing block 36 drives the support plate 34 to move, and the support plate 34 drives the box body 25 to move.

[0034] A further optimized solution is that two vertical plates 37 are fixedly connected to the bottom plate 31, a second threaded rod 38 is rotatably connected between the two vertical plates 37, the second threaded rod 38 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor 16, a first threaded hole is opened on the fixed block 36, and the second threaded rod 38 is threadedly connected in the first threaded hole.

[0035] The second motor 16 drives the second threaded rod 38 to rotate, and the rotation of the second threaded rod 38 drives the fixing block 36 to move.

[0036] A further optimized solution is provided, in which the water discharge mechanism includes a water trough 39, a water outlet hole 40 is provided on the water trough 39, a water inlet pipe 41 is provided on the water trough 39, two guide grooves 42 are fixedly connected in the water trough 39, the guide grooves 42 are located on both sides of the water outlet hole 40, baffles 43 are slidably connected in the guide grooves 42, a second connecting plate 44 is fixedly connected to the baffle 43, a mounting plate 45 is fixedly connected to the water trough 39, a third motor 46 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 45, a third threaded rod 47 is fixedly connected to the output end of the third motor 46, a second threaded hole is provided on the second connecting plate 44, the third threaded rod 47 is threadedly connected in the third threaded hole, and the third motor 46 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 45 through the third connecting plate.

[0037] The water inlet pipe 41 is used to add water to the water tank 39, the water outlet hole 40 is used to discharge the water in the water tank 39, and the baffle 43 is used to block the water outlet hole 40. The third motor 46 drives the third threaded rod 47, the third threaded rod 47 drives the second connecting plate 44 to move up and down, and the second connecting plate 44 drives the baffle 43 to move up and down, so that the water outlet hole 40 is opened or closed. The number of water inlet pipes 41 can be set to multiple to ensure that the number in the water tank 39 is sufficient.

[0038] According to a further optimization scheme, guard plates 48 are fixedly connected to both sides of the vortex plate 1, the water tank 39 is fixedly connected to the outer shell 4 through pillars, a plurality of water leakage holes are opened on the outer shell 4, a drain pipe 49 is fixedly connected to the water leakage holes, and a solenoid valve 50 is installed on the drain pipe 49.

[0039] The guard plate 48 can prevent the fish on the vortex plate 1 from falling from the side, and the drain pipe 49 is convenient for draining the water in the housing 4 to prevent excessive water.

[0040] A method for collecting and catching river bottom migratory fish comprises the following steps: Step 1: add water into the water tank 39 through the water inlet pipe 41, the third motor 46 drives the third threaded rod 47, the third threaded rod 47 drives the second connecting plate 44 to move up and down, and the second connecting plate 44 drives the baffle 43 to move up and down, so that the water outlet 40 is opened, and the water flows out from the water outlet 40, so that the water flows downward along the vortex plate 1, and the collecting tank 2 is filled with water; Step 2: When the fish swim along the migratory plate 1 into the collecting tank 2, the fourth connecting plate 20 is driven to move by the second electric telescopic rod 19, and the fourth connecting plate 20 drives the second sealing plate 18 to move, thereby opening the pipe 17 to facilitate the passage of water and fish, so that the water and fish in the collecting tank 2 enter the outer shell 4. Before the water and fish are put in, the first mesh plate 5, the second mesh plate 6 and the third mesh plate 7 should be at the lowest position. Before the water and fish enter the outer shell 4, the collecting box 11 is already located near the first mesh plate 5, the second mesh plate 6 and the third mesh plate 7. The collecting box 11 can block the fish and prevent the fish from falling out of the first mesh plate 5, the second mesh plate 6 and the third mesh plate 7; Step 3, start the first motor 9, the first motor 9 drives the first threaded rod 8 to rotate, the rotation of the first threaded rod 8 causes the first net plate 5 to move up, the first net plate 5 drives the second net plate 6 to move up through the rope 10, the second net plate 6 drives the third net plate 7 to move up through the rope 10, until the first net plate 5 is located at the first entrance, the second net plate 6 is located at the second entrance, and the third net plate 7 is located at the third entrance. In the process of the first net plate 5, the second net plate 6 and the third net plate 7 moving up, the fishes will be separated according to their sizes; Step 4: The first electric telescopic rod 28 drives the first sealing plate 27 to move, so that the first entrance, the second entrance and the third entrance are all opened, so that the fish on the first mesh plate 5 enter the first cavity 12, the fish on the second mesh plate 6 enter the second cavity 13, and the third mesh plate 7 enters the third cavity 14, so that the fish can be separated according to their size; Step five, start the second motor 16, the second motor 16 drives the fixed block 36 to move, the fixed block 36 drives the support plate 34 to move, the support plate 34 drives the box body 25 to move, and the collection box 11 is moved to the position of the access port 15, so as to facilitate the collection box 11 to be taken out.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0042] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for collecting and capturing migratory fish at the bottom of a river, characterized in that: include: A guide assembly, the guide assembly comprising a vortex plate (1), a collecting trough (2) and a water discharge mechanism, the collecting trough (2) being mounted on the vortex plate (1), the vortex plate (1) being arranged at an angle, the water discharge mechanism being located upstream of the vortex plate (1), a plurality of columns (3) being fixedly connected to the vortex plate (1) and the collecting trough (2), the columns (3) being inserted into a riverbed, and the vortex plate (1) extending into the river water; A fishing assembly, the fishing assembly comprising a shell (4), the shell (4) being in communication with the collecting tank (2), an opening and closing mechanism being arranged between the shell (4) and the collecting tank (2), a first mesh plate (5), a second mesh plate (6) and a third mesh plate (7) being arranged in an inclined and sliding manner in the shell (4), the mesh size of the first mesh plate (5) being larger than that of the second mesh plate (6), the mesh size of the second mesh plate (6) being larger than that of the third mesh plate (7), the first mesh plate (5), the second mesh plate (6) and the third mesh plate (7) being arranged in sequence up and down, a first threaded rod (8) being threadedly connected to the first mesh plate (5), the threaded rod extending out of the shell (4), the first threaded rod (8) being fixedly connected to the output end of a first motor (9), the first motor (9) being fixedly connected to the outer wall of the shell (4), the first mesh plate (5) and the second mesh plate (6) A plurality of ropes (10) are fixedly connected between the second mesh plate (6) and the third mesh plate (7); a plurality of the ropes (10) are arranged between the second mesh plate (6) and the third mesh plate (7); a collection box (11) is movably arranged in the housing (4); a first cavity (12), a second cavity (13) and a third cavity (14) are arranged in the collection box (11); the first cavity (12) has a first entrance; the second cavity (13) has a second entrance; the third cavity (14) has a third entrance; the first cavity (12), the second cavity (13) and the third cavity (14) are arranged in sequence up and down; a door panel mechanism is arranged on the first entrance, the second entrance and the third entrance; a take-in and put-out port (15) is opened on the housing (4); a second motor (16) is arranged in the housing (4); the second motor (16) is transmission-connected to the collection box (11).

2. The device for collecting and capturing river bottom migratory fish according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting groove (2) is provided with a first through hole, the outer shell (4) is provided with a second through hole, the first through hole and the second through hole are connected via a pipe (17), the opening and closing mechanism comprises a second sealing plate (18), the pipe (17) is provided with a third through hole, the inner wall of the pipe (17) is provided with a slot, the second sealing plate (18) is inserted into the through hole, the second sealing plate (18) is snapped into the slot, the collecting groove (2) is fixedly connected with a second electric telescopic rod (19) outside, the second sealing plate (18) is fixedly connected with a fourth connecting plate (20), the output end of the second electric telescopic rod (19) is fixedly connected with the fourth connecting plate (20), the outer shell (4) is fixedly connected with a fixing plate (21), the fixing plate (21) is provided with a second through hole, the second sealing plate (18) is inserted into the second through hole, and the second sealing plate (18) is slidably arranged in the second through hole.

3. The device for collecting and capturing river bottom migratory fish according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first mesh plate (5) is provided with a first through hole, a conduit (22) is fixedly connected in the first through hole, the inner edge of the conduit (22) is provided with a thread, the first threaded rod (8) is threadedly connected in the conduit (22), four support rods (23) are fixedly connected in the housing (4), the first mesh plate (5), the second mesh plate (6) and the third mesh plate (7) are rotatably connected with rollers (24), the support rod (23) is provided with a first slide groove, the roller (24) is slidably connected in the first slide groove, and the size of the first slide groove is slightly larger than the size of the roller (24).

4. The device for collecting and capturing river bottom migratory fish according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collection box (11) comprises a box body (25), two partitions (26) are fixedly connected inside the box body (25), the two partitions (26) divide the space inside the box body (25) into the first cavity (12), the second cavity (13) and the third cavity (14), the door panel mechanism comprises a first sealing plate (27), the first inlet, the second inlet and the third inlet are all provided with the first sealing plate (27), the first cavity (12), the second cavity (13) and the third cavity (14) are all fixedly connected with a first electric telescopic rod (28), and the first electric telescopic rod (28) is transmission-connected to the first sealing plate (27).

5. The device for collecting and capturing river bottom migratory fish according to claim 4, characterized in that: The box body (25) is provided with a plurality of grooves, the plurality of grooves being respectively located at the positions of the first inlet, the second inlet and the third inlet; the first sealing plate (27) is fixedly connected to a first connecting plate (29); the output end of the first electric telescopic rod (28) is fixedly connected to the first connecting plate (29); and the box body (25) is fixedly connected to a plurality of pull rings (30).

6. The device for collecting and capturing river bottom migratory fish according to claim 4, characterized in that: A bottom plate (31) is fixedly connected to the shell (4), a plurality of second slide grooves (32) are provided on the bottom plate (31), a slider (33) is slidably connected to the second slide groove (32), a support plate (34) is fixedly connected to the slider (33), a plurality of insertion rods (35) are fixedly connected to the box body (25), a plurality of insertion holes are provided on the support plate (34), the insertion rods (35) are arranged corresponding to the insertion holes, a fixing block (36) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the support plate (34), and the second motor (16) is drivingly connected to the fixing block (36).

7. A device for collecting and capturing river bottom migratory fish according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two vertical plates (37) are fixedly connected to the bottom plate (31), a second threaded rod (38) is rotatably connected between the two vertical plates (37), the second threaded rod (38) is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor (16), a first threaded hole is formed on the fixed block (36), and the second threaded rod (38) is threadedly connected to the first threaded hole.

8. The device for collecting and capturing river bottom migratory fish according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water discharge mechanism comprises a water trough (39), the water trough (39) is provided with a water outlet hole (40), the water trough (39) is provided with a water inlet pipe (41), the water trough (39) is fixedly connected with two guide grooves (42), the guide grooves (42) are located on both sides of the water outlet hole (40), a baffle plate (43) is slidably connected in the guide groove (42), a second connecting plate (44) is fixedly connected to the baffle plate (43), a mounting plate (45) is fixedly connected to the water trough (39), a third motor (46) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (45), an output end of the third motor (46) is fixedly connected with a third threaded rod (47), a second threaded hole is provided on the second connecting plate (44), the third threaded rod (47) is threadedly connected to the third threaded hole, and the third motor (46) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (45) via the third connecting plate.

9. A device for collecting and capturing river bottom migratory fish according to claim 8, characterized in that: Guard plates (48) are fixedly connected to both sides of the vortex plate (1); the water tank (39) is fixedly connected to the outer shell (4) via pillars; a plurality of water leakage holes are provided on the outer shell (4); drainage pipes (49) are fixedly connected to the drainage holes; and a solenoid valve (50) is installed on the drainage pipe (49).

10. A method for collecting and capturing river bottom migratory fish, based on the river bottom migratory fish collecting and capturing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: releasing water through the water release mechanism, so that the water flows downward along the vortex plate (1) and fills the collecting tank (2) with water; Step 2: When the fish swim along the migratory plate (1) into the collecting tank (2), the collecting tank (2) and the outer shell (4) are connected by means of an opening and closing mechanism, so that the water and the fish in the collecting tank (2) enter into the outer shell (4). Before the water and the fish are put into the outer shell, the first net plate (5), the second net plate (6) and the third net plate (7) are in the lowest position; Step 3, starting the first motor (9), the first motor (9) drives the first threaded rod (8) to rotate, the rotation of the first threaded rod (8) causes the first net plate (5) to move upward, the first net plate (5) drives the second net plate (6) to move upward through the rope (10), the second net plate (6) drives the third net plate (7) to move upward through the rope (10), and in the process of the first net plate (5), the second net plate (6) and the third net plate (7) moving upward, the fish are separated according to their size; Step 4, opening the door panel mechanism, allowing the fish on the first net plate (5) to enter the first cavity (12), allowing the fish on the second net plate (6) to enter the second cavity (13), and allowing the third net plate (7) to enter the third cavity (14), thereby completing the separation of the fish according to their size; Step five: start the second motor (16) to move the collection box (11) to the position of the access opening (15), thereby facilitating the removal of the collection box (11).

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